江苏省宿迁青华中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

第第页江苏省宿迁青华中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解AWhileteamayhaveitsoriginsinAsia,nowithasfounditswayintotheirfoodcultureandtraditionsinmanycountries.Itisaspecialwayofconnectingpeopleallovertheworldindifferentwaysandceremonies.Thatfinallyallresultsinagroupofpeoplesittingtogetherandenjoyingacupoftea.ChineseteacultureSinceChinaisconsideredasthebirthplaceoftea,itisnowonderthatChineseteacultureisrichinhistoryandtradition.Today,ChineseteacontinuestobeusedinChinesemedicineandiscommonlyusedonbothformalandinformaloccasionseitherforpersonalenjoymentorasaChineseculturaltradition.JapaneseteacultureJapanalsohasalonghistorywithtea,especiallyJapaneseMatcha,whichisakindofgroundgreentea.JapaneseteaiscommonlyusedinJapaneseteaceremoniesandonlyinrecentyearshasbecomepopularinwesternculture.BritishteacultureWhenitcomestoBritishtea,Britishteacultureiswhatcomestomind.AhotcupofEarlGreyteaoftenserveswithalittlemilkandabiscuitintheafternoonasapick-me-upfortheday,whichmakesyoufeelbetterandmoreenergetic.EventhoughteamaynotbenativetoEngland,thisBritishteatraditionisstillgoingstrongtoday.MoroccanteacultureWhenyouvisitMorocco,itishardtomisstheoutstandingteaculturethatissuchaspecialwaytowelcomeguests.Beforeanygathering,apotofmint(薄荷)teaisalwayspreparedandservedamongthehostandguests.ThisisanexpressionofMoroccantraditionandkindness,whichshouldalwaysbeacceptedbyguestsasasignofappreciationandrespecttothehost.1．WhatdoChineseandJapaneseteacultureshaveincommon?A．Theyhavealonghistory.B．Theyareusedinmedicine.C．Theyarewellknownforgreentea.D．Theyhavelongbeenwidelyrecognized.2．WhydotheBritishprefertheafternoontea?A．Toshowkindness. B．Togetnewenergy.C．Tobringoutrespect D．Toobserveatradition.3．WhatwordcanbestdescribeMoroccanpeople?A．Honest. B．Confident. C．Grateful. D．Friendly.二、BWhenanewproducttotallyfails,companiestypicallytrytomoveonasquicklyaspossibleandputalloftheirenergyintodevelopingfreshideasthattheyhopewillcatchon.ButtheMuseumofFailureneverforgets.Thistravelingexhibition,whichwasfirstlaunchedinSwedenin2017,hasarrivedinNewYorkCity.Byfocusingonmorethan150commercialideasthatdidn'tsucceedforvariousreasons,theexhibitionaimstostimulatediscussionaboutacceptingandlearningfromfailure,forexample,newCoke,limeade-flavoredOreocookies,crystalPepsianda"hulachair"forexercise.TheexhibitionisorganizedbySamuelWest,aclinicalpsychologistwhospecializesinorganizationalscience.Hehopesitcouldhelpnormalizeandinterprettheconceptoffailure,whichheseesasacriticallearningopportunity."Myresearchisfocusedonhelpingorganizationstobemoreinnovative,"Westsays."Andoneofthebigproblemsofinnovationisthefearoffailure."Indeed,manyofthebrandsfeaturedintheMuseumofFailurehaven'tletoneortwofrustratedeffortsstandintheirway.Forexample,Oreohasmadeplentyofdeliciousnewflavors,andbothCoca-ColaandPepsiCoarestillbooming."Peoplefeelliberatedwhentheyseebigwell-knownbrandsandcompaniesthathavealotofmoneyandskillsandexperiencestillfailwhentryingnewthings,"Westsays."Peoplefeelliberated,like‘bigboys'canfail,sowhycan'twe?"Theexhibitionhasinteractivefeatureslikea"ShareYourFailure"wall,wherevisitorscanwritetheirownmistakesonstickynotes.Westsays,"Wewantpeopletotakemeaningfulrisksandlearnfromthem.That'swheretheactionis,whenitcomestoinnovation:Peopletryingsomethingnew,acceptingthelevelofriskthatcomeswithitandlearningfromitifthenewthingfails.Youfailbutyougaininsight,buildonit,tryadifferentversion,tinker(修补)andcomebackagainwithsomethingbetter."4．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thefameofbigbrands. B．Thedifficultyofinnovation.C．Thepurposeoftheexhibition. D．Theimportanceoffreshideas.5．WhatdoesSamuelWestthinkoffailure?A．Costly. B．Relative. C．Unavoidable. D．Valuable.6．WhatdoSamuelWest'swordsinparagraph4show?A．Hisexhibitioniseasyforpeopletounderstand.B．Bigcompaniesaresupportiveoftheexhibition.C．Theexhibitioncanhelpreducepeople'sfearoffailure.D．Innovationspiritisofgreatimportancetobigcompanies.7．WhatdidSamuelWestsuggestpeopledointermsofinnovation?A．Trytoavoidrisks. B．Learnfromfailure.C．Refertobigbrands'ideas. D．Putallyourenergyintoit.三、CLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically."Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,"explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica's"senseofhumor"wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn'tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea"casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend."ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,"OneofthethingsI'dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn'tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat'sgoingon."8．WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A．Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B．Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C．Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D．ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.9．WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A．Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B．Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C．Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D．Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"imbue"meaninParagraph5?A．Equip. B．Inspire. C．Engage. D．Influence.11．WhatisProfessorSandraWachter'sviewonlaughingrobots?A．Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B．Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C．Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D．Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.四、DTheanimatedfilmNeZha2,releasedonJanuary29,2025,hasbecomeahugesuccessinthefilmindustry.DirectedbythefamousJiaozi(YangYu),itcontinuestheexcitingstoryofNeZha(哪吒)andAoBing(敖丙)fromthefirstmovie.Aftersurvivingaterribledisastercalledthe"HeavenlyTribulation(天劫),"NeZhaandAoBinglosttheirphysicalbodies.TheirsoulswereingreatdangeruntilTaiyiZhenren(太乙真人),awiseimmortalfromChinesemythology,savedthemusingamagicalseven-coloredlotus.However,peacedidnotlastlong.Theirsoulsbegantodisappearagain,forcingTaiyiZhenrentofaceadifficulttask—rebuildingtheirbodieswithlimitedmaterialswhilesolvingunexpectedproblems.Thefilmshowsremarkablecharactergrowth.NeZha,onceknownforhisrebelliousnature,learnstocaredeeplyforhisfriendsandunderstandhistrueself.HisfriendAoBing,whousedtostrugglewithpersonaltroubles,transformsintoabravewarrior.Inonepowerfulscene,AoBingdeclarescourageously,"Ifthere'snopath,I'llcreateone!"Visually,themovieisafeastfortheeyes.Itbeginswiththrillingscenesofflowinglavalikewildriversandterrifyingseamonstersjumpingoutofthewater,makingviewersfeelasiftheyarepartoftheaction.Later,thestorytakestheaudiencetoKunlunMountain(昆仑山)amagicalplacefromChinesemythsfilledwithcolorfullandscapesandgracefulfairy-likecreatures.Themostunforgettablepartisthefinalbattle,wherecharactersuseamazingweaponsliketheshape-changingTianyuanDing(天元鼎).Thefastpacedfightingandbrilliantspecialeffectsleaveastrongimpression.Beyondtheaction,NeZha2teachesimportantlifelessons.Itencouragespeopletostaybravewhenfacingdifficulties,fightforwhatisright,andvaluefriendship.Thesethemesresonatewithbothyoungandadultaudiences.Thefilmhasbrokenboxofficerecords,earninganastonishingamountinitsfirstweek.Italsoreceivedhighpraisefromcriticsandviewers,currentlyholdingan8.6/10ratingonmajorreviewplatforms.Manypraiseitsperfectmixofculturalelements,excitingstorytelling,andpositivemessages.12．WhathappenedtoNeZhaandAoBingafterthe"HeavenlyTribulation"?A．Theygotstrongerpowers.B．Theylosttheirphysicalbodies.C．Theybecamebestfriendsimmediately.D．TheywenttoliveinKunlunMountain.13．WhydidTaiyiZhenrenhaveadifficulttask?A．Becausehehadtofightagainsttheseamonsters.B．BecauseheneededtoteachNeZhaandAoBingnewskills.C．Becausetheirsoulsstartedtodisappearagainandhehadtorebuildtheirbodieswithlimitedmaterials.D．Becausehehadtofindawaytostopthe"HeavenlyTribulation"fromhappeningagain.14．Whatimportantlifelessondoes"NeZha2"NOTteach?A．Toalwaysfollowtherules.B．Tostaybravewhenfacingdifficulties.C．Tofightforwhatisright.D．Tovaluefriendship.15．Howwasthefilmreceivedbycriticsandviewers?A．Itwaspoorlyrated.B．Itreceivedhighpraiseandcurrentlyhasan8.6/10ratingonmajorreviewplatforms.C．Itwasonlylikedbyyoungaudiences.D．Ithadmixedreviews.五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ItisnotalwayseasytokeepaconversationgoinginEnglish.Youmightnotbesureaboutwhattosay.Ormaybeyouareafraidthatyourpronunciationisnotgood.SohowcanwecontinueaconversationinEnglish?16．ListenandfollowupFirst,remembertheimportanceoflistening.Listentotheotherpersonattentively,sothatyoucanaskafollow-upquestion.Forexample,let'ssaytheotherpersontellsyou,"IjustgotbackfromatriptoCanada."17．WheredidyougoinCanada?Whatwasyourfavoriteplacethere?Howwasthefoodthere?Avoldsimple"yes"or"no"questionsIfyouwanttokeepaconversationgoing,it'sagoodideatoaskquestionsthatcannotbeansweredwithasimple"yes"or"no".Iftheotherpersonasksyoua"yes"or"no"question,trytogivealongeranswertohelpkeeptheconversationgoing.Forexample,afriendmightask,"Hey,haveyouseenthenewStarWarsmovie?"Youcouldjustanswer,"No,Ihaven't."18．Youcouldanswer:"No,butIplantoseeitsoon.Howaboutyou?"19．Donotworryaboutyourpronunciation.Ifyourpronunciationisalittledifferent,theotherpersonwillstillunderstandyourmessageifyoutryspeakingslowlyandclearly.WhenyouaretravelinginanEnglish-speakingcountryandhavesomefreetime,bebraveandspeakinEnglishwithsomeonewhodoesnotlooktoobusy.20．A.Or,youcouldsaymore.B.Bebraveandpracticeoften.C.Youcantrythefollowingways.D.Whydidyouchoosethedestination?E.Thenyoumaymakeanewfriend.F.Correctyourpronunciationifpossible.G.Youcancontinuewithaquestionusingwhere,what,why,orhow.六、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasborninapoorvillageinUganda.Ispentthe21．daysofmychildhoodthere.MymotherdiedwhenIwasborn.Myfathernevercaredaboutme,which22．metoleavewhenIwasten.Forthenextthreeyears,Ihelpedpeopledosomethingandtheyprovidedmewithshelterandfood23．.Luckily,a24．familypaidformetogotoschool.Forthefirsttimeafterleavinghome,Ifelt25．.Then,Iattendedschoolandgotajob.Ialways26．tohelpchildreninneed.YetI27．feltIcoulddosomethingmore.In2016,Igotpassedtobeafoster(收养)parent.Bytheendof2019,tenkidshadfilledmyhouse.In2020,Igotacallfromacenterfor28．children.WhenaskedifIcouldtakeAnthony,I29．itbecausetenkidswereallIcoulddowith.30．,IwastalkedintotakingAnthonyjustfortheweekend.Ididn'taskabouthissituation31．.Anthonyarrivedthatnight,"CanIcallyouDad?"heasked."No."Ineededtokeepmy32．.Mondaymorningaworkerinthecentercameto33．Anthony.Fromtheirtalk,Ilearnedhehadbeen34．threetimes,butnobodywouldtakehimin.LookingatAnthony,Isawsomethingthatmademethinkofthe35．boyIhadoncebeen."I'lltakehimin,"Isaid.21．A．boring B．busy C．dark D．ordinary22．A．forced B．allowed C．prepared D．reminded23．A．inpublic B．inadvance C．inperson D．inreturn24．A．kind B．poor C．traditional D．small25．A．challenged B．loved C．trapped D．praised26．A．failed B．agreed C．volunteered D．pretended27．A．hardly B．already C．once D．still28．A．troubled B．homeless C．deaf D．slow29．A．refused B．doubted C．faced D．forgot30．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Instead31．A．rudely B．secretly C．purposely D．blindly32．A．promise B．distance C．balance D．record33．A．cheeron B．lookafter C．pickup D．chatwith34．A．taken B．rescued C．invited D．forgiven35．A．proud B．outgoing C．silly D．helpless七、第二节短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)语法填空For23-year-oldZhaoXiangcai,36．collegestudentinTai'an,ShandongProvince,climbingTaishanMountainhadalwaysbeenadauntingtask.ThisSpringFestival,hisotherwiseexhaustingexperience37．(transform)byaroboticexoskeletondevice."Itfeltliketherobotwasdoingmostoftheworkforme."Theroboticexoskeleton,weighingjust1.8kilograms,hasbeendevelopedbytheTaishanCulturalTourismGroupincollaborationwithKenqingTechnology,acompanybasedinShenzhen,GuangdongProvince.Itisdesigned38．(assist)usersinclimbingsteepterrainwithease.Thedevice,39．fitssnuglyaroundauser'swaistandlegs,integratesadvancedergonomics,powerelectronicsandartificialintelligencealgorithmstoperceivemovementandprovideassistancebased40．theterrainandtheuser'sstrides.Theroboticexoskeletoncanfunctionnonstopformorethanfivehoursonasinglecharge,41．(cover)approximately14kilometersofsteepterrain,makingitan42．(idea)companionforthosewhowanttoenjoytheblissofmountains43．excessivephysicalstrain.According44．areportbytheChinaAcademyofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology,humanoidrobotsarepoisedtobecomethenextmajortechnologyplatformafterpersonalcomputers,smartphonesandnewenergyvehicles,45．(potential)formingatrillion-yuan-levelmarket.八、根据首字母或中文提示填单词(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)46．Thenewprojectcouldnotonlysavetime,butalsogreatlydroadtraffic.(根据首字母单词拼写)47．WhenyourwearaVRheadsetewithsensorsandascreen,youaresurroundedbythree-Dimages,soundsandothersensoryinformation.(根据首字母单词拼写)48．Theschoolhasaallthelightstomakesuretheclassroomsarewelllit.(根据首字母单词拼写)49．It'sdifficulttoguesswhattheywillcfromtheevidence.(根据首字母单词拼写)50．Weneedtoetheeffectsoflowgravityonanimalsandplants.（根据首字母单词拼写）51．PompeiiwasatypicalRomancity.Itisbelievedthatthecitywas(兴建)aroundthe7thcenturyBCE.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)52．Thereisavarietyoffurnitureinthemarket,whichcansatisfymostofthecustomers'(需求)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)53．Thisregionwasoncealmostcompletely(占用)byforests.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)54．Ihopethiswill(说服)youtochangeyourmind.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)55．Whenyouareinadangeroussituation,don't.(恐慌)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)九、第一节书面表达(满15分)56．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Alex对你校下周将举行的校园汉服节(theHanfuFestival)很感兴趣。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.活动时间、地点;2.活动内容;3.邀请参加。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearAlex,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua十、第二节(满分20分)57．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onthefirstmorningofsecondgrade,Jaredrememberedfivethingshedidn'tlikeaboutschool;Jessica,liningup,maths,spelling,andreadingaloud.Jaredwantedtostayhome,buthismomsenthimanyway.HehadtositnexttoJessica.Atreadingtime,Mrs.ThomasaskedJaredtoread.ReadingaloudalwaysmadeJarednervous.Ashepickedupthebook,hishandsshook.Wordswerenotclear."Hecan'tread,"Jessicasaid,"Ididn'tcallonyou,didI?"askedMrs.Thomas."No,butI'llread."JaredmadeafaceTheywereaskedtostayoutsidetheclassroomforatime-out(暂停),Duringtheperiod,Jessicawhisperedtohim,"WhenMombringsmykittens(小猫)toschool,don'teventhinkabouttouchingthem."Thefourkittensarrivedinaboxcoveredwithapieceofscreen.EveryoneexceptJaredheldthem.Jaredhadnothingtodobutpracticespelling.Whenhesharpenedhispencil,helookedintothetinybox."Don'twanttotouchmykittens!"Jessicashouted."Stupidkittens,"Jaredsaid.Afterthesecondclass,almostthewholeclasswantedtoplaywiththekittens.ThenPhilipsaid,"Hey,wherearethekittens?"Theboxwasempty."Ohno!"Jessicasaid,"Jared,didyoutakethem?"Jaredshookhishead,thinkingtheymusthavepushedupthelid(盖子)."Hesaidtheywerestupid."JessicatoldMrs.Thomas."Ididn'tmeanit"Jared'sfaceturnedred."Lookattheradiator(散热器)!"Philipsaid.ATinygrayfacerosefromundertheradiatorcover."Kitty,kitty,"Mrs.Thomassaid.Thefacedisappeared."Ifweignorethem,maybethey'llcomeout.Atleasttheheatisn'ton."Insteadofpracticingspelling,Jaredwatchedtheradiator.Soon,twofacesandatinyheadappeared.Alexyelled,"Kitten!"Thekittenwasoutofsightagain.Jessicacried.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Jareddecidedtohelpthekittensout,sohestoodupfromhisdesk._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JaredliftedthemintotheboxwithJessicawatchingwithjoy.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国、日本、英国和摩洛哥的茶文化。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。1．推理判断题。根据Chineseteaculture部分中"SinceChinaisconsideredasthebirthplaceoftea,itisnowonderthatChineseteacultureisrichinhistoryandtradition.(由于中国被认为是茶的发源地，难怪中国茶文化具有丰富的历史和传统。)"以及Japaneseteaculture部分中"Japanalsohasalonghistorywithtea,especiallyJapaneseMatcha.(日本也有悠久的茶历史，尤其是日本抹茶。)"可知，中国和日本茶文化的特点是有着悠久的历史。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据Britishteaculture部分中"AhotcupofEarlGreyteaoftenserveswithalittlemilkandabiscuitintheafternoonasapick-me-upfortheday,whichmakesyoufeelbetterandmoreenergetic.(下午喝一杯热伯爵茶，加一点牛奶和一块饼干，提神醒脑，让你感觉更好，更有活力。)"可知，英国下午茶是为了让人们感觉更有活力。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据Moroccanteaculture部分中"ThisisanexpressionofMoroccantraditionandkindness,whichshouldalwaysbeacceptedbyguestsasasignofappreciationandrespecttothehost.(这是摩洛哥传统和善良的表现，客人应该始终接受这一点，以表示对主人的欣赏和尊重。)"可知，摩洛哥的茶文化是非常友好的。故选D。【答案】4．C5．D6．C7．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是"失败博物馆"展览及其意义。（1）主旨大意题。根据第二段"Byfocusingonmorethan150commercialideasthatdidn'tsucceedforvariousreasons,theexhibitionaimstostimulatediscussionaboutacceptingandlearningfromfailure,forexample,newCoke,limeade-flavoredOreocookies,crystalPepsianda"hulachair"forexercise.(该展览聚焦于150多个因各种原因未能成功的商业创意，旨在激发人们关于接受失败并从失败中学习的讨论，例如新口味的可乐、青柠口味的奥利奥饼干、水晶百事可乐以及一款用于锻炼的呼啦椅。)"可知，第二段主要讲的是展览的目的。故选C。【(2)题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段"Hehopesitcouldhelpnormalizeandinterprettheconceptoffailure,whichheseesasacriticallearningopportunity.(他希望这能帮助正常化和解释失败的概念，他认为这是一个重要的学习机会。)"可知，SamuelWest认为失败是有价值的。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段""Peoplefeelliberatedwhentheyseebigwell-knownbrandsandcompaniesthathavealotofmoneyandskillsandexperiencestillfailwhentryingnewthings,"Westsays."Peoplefeelliberated,like‘bigboys'canfail,sowhycan'twe?"("当人们看到那些拥有大量资金、技能和经验的大品牌和大公司在尝试新事物时仍然失败时，他们会感到解脱，"West说，"人们会感到解脱，就像‘大人物'也会失败一样，那么我们为什么不能呢？")"可知，SamuelWest在第四段的话说明了这个展览可以帮助减少人们对失败的恐惧。故选C。【(4)题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段"Wewantpeopletotakemeaningfulrisksandlearnfromthem.That'swheretheactionis,whenitcomestoinnovation:Peopletryingsomethingnew,acceptingthelevelofriskthatcomeswithitandlearningfromitifthenewthingfails.(我们希望人们能够承担有意义的风险并从中学习。当谈到创新时，这就是关键所在：人们尝试新事物，接受伴随而来的风险，如果新事物失败了，就从中吸取教训。)"可知，SamuelWest在创新方面建议人们从失败中学习。故选B。4．主旨大意题。根据第二段"Byfocusingonmorethan150commercialideasthatdidn'tsucceedforvariousreasons,theexhibitionaimstostimulatediscussionaboutacceptingandlearningfromfailure,forexample,newCoke,limeade-flavoredOreocookies,crystalPepsianda"hulachair"forexercise.(该展览聚焦于150多个因各种原因未能成功的商业创意，旨在激发人们关于接受失败并从失败中学习的讨论，例如新口味的可乐、青柠口味的奥利奥饼干、水晶百事可乐以及一款用于锻炼的呼啦椅。)"可知，第二段主要讲的是展览的目的。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据第三段"Hehopesitcouldhelpnormalizeandinterprettheconceptoffailure,whichheseesasacriticallearningopportunity.(他希望这能帮助正常化和解释失败的概念，他认为这是一个重要的学习机会。)"可知，SamuelWest认为失败是有价值的。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段""Peoplefeelliberatedwhentheyseebigwell-knownbrandsandcompaniesthathavealotofmoneyandskillsandexperiencestillfailwhentryingnewthings,"Westsays."Peoplefeelliberated,like‘bigboys'canfail,sowhycan'twe?"("当人们看到那些拥有大量资金、技能和经验的大品牌和大公司在尝试新事物时仍然失败时，他们会感到解脱，"West说，"人们会感到解脱，就像‘大人物'也会失败一样，那么我们为什么不能呢？")"可知，SamuelWest在第四段的话说明了这个展览可以帮助减少人们对失败的恐惧。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Wewantpeopletotakemeaningfulrisksandlearnfromthem.That'swheretheactionis,whenitcomestoinnovation:Peopletryingsomethingnew,acceptingthelevelofriskthatcomeswithitandlearningfromitifthenewthingfails.(我们希望人们能够承担有意义的风险并从中学习。当谈到创新时，这就是关键所在：人们尝试新事物，接受伴随而来的风险，如果新事物失败了，就从中吸取教训。)"可知，SamuelWest在创新方面建议人们从失败中学习。故选B。【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。8．推理判断题。根据第一段"Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.(大笑机器人背后的团队Erica表示，该系统可以改善人与人工智能系统之间的自然对话。)"可知，科学家开发了一种可以复制各种笑声的人工智能系统，以增强人与人工智能系统之间的情感互动。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第四段"‘Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,'explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.(Inoue解释道："我们在这项工作中最大的挑战是识别共同大笑的实际案例。"他强调了仔细分类的必要性。)"以及"Erica's‘senseofhumor'wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn'tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.(Erica的‘幽默感'通过四个对话进行了测试，整合了新的共享笑声算法。将这些与Erica在检测到笑声时不笑或发出社交笑声的情况进行了比较。)"可知，Inoue在这个项目中面临的挑战是确定笑声的情况是否真正理解。故选B。10．词义猜测题。根据第五段"Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.(这些片段被播放给了130名志愿者，他们对共享笑声算法的同理心和自然度给予了高度评价。研究小组认为，笑声可以imbue机器人独特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝视、手势和说话风格等对话行为。)"可推测，这里表示笑声可以赋予机器人独特的性格特征，所以猜测imbue表"使……具备"的意思。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段"OneofthethingsI'dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn'tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat'sgoingon.(我要记住的一件事是，机器人或算法永远无法理解你。它不理解笑的含义。他们没有感觉，但他们可能会非常善于让你相信他们了解发生了什么。)"可知，SandraWachter认为会笑的机器人可以模仿笑声，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故选B。【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇影评。主要讲述了2025年1月29日上映的动画电影《哪吒2》的剧情、人物成长、视觉效果以及它所传达的重要人生道理。（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Aftersurvivingaterribledisastercalledthe"HeavenlyTribulation(天劫),"NeZhaandAoBinglosttheirphysicalbodies.(在经历了"天劫"这场灾难后，哪吒和敖丙失去了他们的肉身)"可知，哪吒和敖丙在"天劫"后失去了肉身。故选B。【(2)题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Theirsoulsbegantodisappea