人教版（2026）八年级下册英语UNIT 4 Wonders of Nature讲义（学生默写版含答案）

第第页人教版（2026）八年级下册英语UNIT4Wonder’sofNature讲义（学生默写版含答案）知识点1：________________的用法•做________________（动词）◦①接“that/what/who/where等引导的宾语从句”，表“想知道具体内容”例子：________________________________________________theGreatWalllookslike.（我想知道长城是什么样子的。）◦②接“if/whether引导的宾语从句”，表“想知道‘是否’”例子：________________________________________________wewillgotothezootomorrow.（他想知道我们明天是否去动物园。）•做________________（可数，侧重“自然/人造奇观”）◦固定搭配：________________________________________________自然奇观；________________________________________________世界七大奇迹；________________________________________________一个奇迹例子：________________________________________________isoneofthe________________________________________________intheUS.（科罗拉多大峡谷是美国的自然奇观之一。）________________________________________________________________the________________________________________________inhistoryclass.（我们在历史课上学习了世界七大奇迹。）知识点2：“________________”的用法•不可数________________◦①含义1：自然；自然界（高频）例子：________________________________________________thebeautyof________________when________________gocamping.（我们露营时应该欣赏自然之美。）◦②含义2：天性；本性（次高频）例子：________________________________________________kind________________andalwayshelpsothers.（她天性善良，总是帮助别人。）◦③固定搭配：________________________________________________在自然界中；本质上例子：________________________________________________________________cancamouflagethemselves.（自然界中的许多动物能伪装自己。）________________________________________________isnotreasonable________________________________________________.（他说的话本质上不合理。）知识点3：________________相关词汇用法•________________adj.令人惊奇的；________________v.使惊奇；________________adj.感到惊奇的；________________n.惊奇◦①________________________________________________做某事令人惊奇例子：________________________________________________________________somanystarsinthecountrysideatnight.（晚上在乡下看到这么多星星令人惊奇。）◦②________________________________________________对某事感到惊奇例子：________________________________________________________________thespeedofthenewtrain.（我们对新火车的速度感到惊奇。）◦③________________________________________________惊奇地做某事例子：________________________________________________________________alittlekittenunderthetree.（她惊奇地发现树下有一只小猫。）◦④________________________________________________令某人惊奇的是例子：________________________________________________________________theshygirlsangverywellinthetalentshow.（令我们惊奇的是，这个害羞的女孩在才艺表演中唱得很好。）知识点4：________________的短语搭配•①________________________________________________因……而著名例子：________________________________________________itsbeautifullandmarksliketheEiffelTower.（巴黎因埃菲尔铁塔等美丽地标而著名。）•②________________________________________________作为……而著名例子：________________________________________________agreatwriterinChina.（莫言作为中国的一位伟大作家而著名。）知识点5：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.连接；________________n.连接◦①________________________________________________把……与……连接/联系起来例子：________________________________________________thecomputer________________theprinterbyacable.（我们可以用电缆把电脑和打印机连接起来。）◦②________________________________________________与……相连/有关联例子：________________________________________________________________themainhighway.（这条路与主干道相连。）◦③________________________________________________与……有联系例子：________________________________________________________________whathappenedyesterday?（这件事和昨天发生的事有联系吗？）◦④________________________________________________关于；与……相关例子：________________________________________________________________thestolenmoney.（警方正在调查与被盗钱款相关的事。）知识点6：、、________________的用法•________________adj.死的、不工作的；________________v.死亡；________________n.死亡◦①________________________________________________某人的死亡例子：________________________________________________the________________oftheoldtreeinthepark.（听到公园里那棵老树死亡的消息我们很难过。）◦②________________________________________________表“处于死亡/失灵/无活力的状态”（延续性短语）例子：________________________________________________________________fortwohours.（这部手机已经失灵两个小时了。）◦③________________________________________________+疾病/年老/情感（表“内因”导致的死亡）例子：________________________________________________aseriousillnesslastmonth.（这位老人上个月因重病去世了。）◦④________________________________________________+意外/事故/外部伤害（表“外因”导致的死亡）例子：________________________________________________acaraccidentlastyear.（他去年因车祸去世了。）知识点7：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.沙漠；v.抛弃◦短语：________________________________________________撒哈拉沙漠；________________________________________________沙漠地区；________________________________________________天然沙漠；________________________________________________沙漠景观；________________________________________________抛弃某人/某物例子：________________________________________________isthelargesthotdesertintheworld.（撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热沙漠。）________________________________________________theirfriendswhentheyareinneed.（没人应该在朋友需要时抛弃他们。）知识点8：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.山脉；________________adj.多山的◦短语：________________________________________________大量；________________________________________________（泛指）在山区；________________________________________________在某座山上例子：________________________________________________homeworktododuringtheholiday.（假期我们有大量作业要做。）________________________________________________camping________________themountainsthisweekend.（我们计划这个周末去山区露营。）知识点9：________________的词汇与短语•________________/dɪˈskrɪpʃn/n.描述；________________v.描述；描写◦①________________________________________________向某人描述……例子：________________________________________________yournewschool________________me.（请向我描述你的新学校。）◦②________________________________________________把……描述为……例子：________________________________________________therainbow________________abridgeinthesky.（人们把彩虹描述成天空中的桥。）◦③________________________________________________对……进行描述例子：________________________________________________a________________ofthelostdog?（你能描述一下那只走失的狗吗？）知识点10：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.广场、正方形；adj.正方形的、公正的◦短语：________________________________________________成正方形；________________________________________________正直地；公正地；________________________________________________与……一致例子：________________________________________________thebooks________________squareontheshelf.（请把书在书架上摆成正方形。）________________________________________________act________________thesquare.（你应该始终正直地行事。）________________________________________________doesn't________________________________mine.（他的意见和我的不一致。）知识点11：________________的词汇与短语•________________adj.深的，低沉的，深沉的；________________n.深度；________________adv.深地◦①比较级：________________-________________-________________◦②短语：________________________________________________深海；________________________________________________深呼吸例子：________________________________________________strangecreatureslive________________the________________sea.（许多奇怪的生物生活在深海里。）________________________________________________breathandyouwillfeelmorerelaxed.（深呼吸，你会感觉更放松。）知识点12：________________的用法•①表示“……的表面”，后接名词（可数/不可数均可）例子：________________________________________________theappleisredandsmooth.（苹果的表面又红又光滑。）•②________________________________________________意为“表面上；从表面看”，常用于描述“外观与实际有差异”的语境例子：________________________________________________themathproblemlookseasy,butit'sactuallydifficult.（表面上这道数学题看起来容易，其实很难。）知识点13：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.潜水；跳水；俯冲◦①________________________________________________潜入；投入例子：________________________________________________thepoolandhavefun.（我们潜入泳池玩得开心点吧。）________________________________________________hernewhobbyafterschool.（放学后她投入到新爱好中。）◦②________________________________________________从……跳水例子：________________________________________________thetallbuilding.It'sverydangerous.（别从高楼上跳水，很危险。）◦③________________________________________________潜到……例子：________________________________________________dive________________20metresdeep.（这个潜水员能潜到20米深。）知识点14：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.船、容器◦短语：________________________________________________货运船；________________________________________________海军舰艇；________________________________________________用容器来……例子：________________________________________________shipping________________issailing________________thesea.（一艘大型货运船在海上航行。）________________________________________________a________________toholdthewater.（我们可以用容器装水。）知识点15：________________的词汇与短语•________________v/n.研究；调查◦①________________________________________________进行研究◦②________________________________________________对……的研究例子：________________________________________________research________________newmedicines.（科学家们正在研究新药物。）________________________________________________research________________thehistoryofourcity.（我们应该研究我们城市的历史。）知识点16：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.保护；________________n.保护◦①________________________________________________保护某人/某物免受……（伤害/危险）◦②________________________________________________提供保护例子：________________________________________________sunglassesto________________oureyes________________thesun.（我们戴太阳镜保护眼睛免受太阳伤害。）________________________________________________protection________________us________________therain.（雨伞为我们防雨提供保护。）知识点17：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.创造；________________n.创造；________________n.创造者；________________adj.有创造性的例子：________________________________________________manyinterestingthings________________clay.（孩子们能用黏土创造许多有趣的东西。）知识点18：________________的用法•________________________________________________对某人/某物来说，做某事是不寻常的例子：________________________________________________himtobelate________________school.（他上学迟到是不寻常的。）知识点19：________________的用法•①________________________________________________……的底部（核心短语，后接名词/代词）例子：________________________________________________acoin________________the________________ofthebottle.（瓶子底部有一枚硬币。）•②________________________________________________在……底部（表位置）例子：________________________________________________mylostkey________________the________________ofmybag.（我在包底找到了丢失的钥匙。）•③________________________________________________从头到尾；彻底地例子：________________________________________________herroom________________top________________bottom.（她把房间彻底打扫了一遍。）知识点20：________________与________________的用法•①________________________________________________意为“通过……方式”例子：________________________________________________communicate________________means________________mobilephones.（我们可以通过手机交流。）•②________________________________________________意为“绝不；一点也不”（若位于句首，句子需部分倒装）例子：________________________________________________shouldwecheat________________theexam.（我们绝不能在考试中作弊。）________________________________________________abadstudent.（他绝不是个坏学生。）知识点21：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.文明；________________v.使文明；________________adj.文明的；有教养的；________________adv.文明地；有教养地；________________adj.不文明的；野蛮的◦短语：________________________________________________文明的发展；________________________________________________现代文明；________________________________________________古代文明例子：________________________________________________the________________of________________hasalonghistory.（文明的发展有着悠久的历史。）________________________________________________fromancient________________.（我们应该向古代文明学习。）知识点22：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.发展；________________adj.发达的；________________adj.发展中的；________________n.发展例子：________________________________________________a________________country.（中国是一个发展中国家。）________________________________________________attention________________the________________ofeducation.（我们应该关注教育的发展。）知识点23：________________的词汇•________________adj.古老的；n.古代；________________adj.古董的；________________n.古代例子：________________________________________________an________________templeduringthetrip.（旅行中我们参观了一座古老的寺庙。）知识点24：________________的辨析•“”相当于“+可数名词复数”，表泛指；“”表特指某一范围内的“其余全部”例子：studentslikemath,________________likeEnglish.（一些学生喜欢数学，另一些喜欢英语。）________________________________twentyapples.Tenarered,________________________________green.（有二十个苹果，十个是红的，其余的是绿的。）知识点25：大数的表达与拼写规则•①百位及以上：◦百位：“基数词+”，如300()；◦几百几十/几百几十五：“基数词+________________+________________+几十/几十五”，如350(________________________________)、425(________________________________)；◦千位及以上：“基数词+（千）/（百万）/（十亿）”，注意中文“万”=“________________”，“亿”=“________________”，如10,000（一万）→________________；•②拼写规则：◦三位分节：数字每三位用逗号分隔，对应单位（千）、（百万）、（十亿）；◦百位与十位间加；◦十位与个位间加连字符（几十几的表达）；例子：500→________________________________；675→________________________________________________________________；2,000→________________________________；5,678→________________________________,________________________________________________________________；1,000,000→________________________________；知识点26：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.探索；________________n.探索；________________n.探险家；________________adj.探索性的；◦短语：________________________________________________在……周围探索；________________________________________________深入探索例子：________________________________________________explore________________theforestthisweekend.（这个周末我们想在森林周围探索。）________________________________________________exploring________________thesecretsoftheuniverse.（科学家们正在深入探索宇宙的奥秘。）知识点27：________________的短语•________________n.距离；v.与……保持距离；________________adj.遥远的①________________________________________________与……划清界限；________________________________________________与……保持距离；________________________________________________在一定距离处；________________________________________________在远处例子：________________________________________________distance________________strangers.（你应该和陌生人保持距离。）________________________________________________aship________________thedistance.（我们看到远处有一艘船。）知识点28：________________的用法•________________◦①及物动词：意为“幸存；从……中存活”◦②不及物动词：意为“幸存；活下来”；________________________________________________从……中幸存；________________________________________________靠……生存例子：________________________________________________thebigfire.（他从大火中幸存下来。）________________________________________________survive________________verylittlefood.（一些动物靠很少的食物就能生存。）知识点29：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.变化（可数）、零钱（不可数）；v.变化；________________adj.易变的◦①________________________________________________用……换……；________________________________________________把……变成/换成；________________________________________________改变主意；________________________________________________在……方面的变化例子：________________________________________________thisshirt________________abiggerone.（我想把这件衬衫换成大一点的。）________________________________________________intoicewhenit’scoldenough.（水足够冷时能变成冰。）________________________________________________yourmindeasily.（不要轻易改变主意。）知识点30：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.肩膀；v.抗◦①短语：________________________________________________在某人肩膀上；________________________________________________肩并肩地；齐心协力地例子：________________________________________________onherfather’s________________toseetheparade.（小女孩坐在爸爸的肩膀上看游行。）________________________________________________work________________________________________________tosolvetheproblem.（我们应该齐心协力解决这个问题。）知识点31：________________的词汇与短语•数字+________________+Celsius/Fahrenheit……摄氏度/华氏度；________________________________________________在……程度上；________________________________________________逐渐地；________________n.度数（温度、角度）；程度；学位例子：________________________________________________30________________Celsiustoday.（今天气温是30摄氏度。）________________________________________________you________________some________________.（我在某种程度上同意你。）知识点32：________________的词汇与短语•________________及物动词：决定；确定；决心；不及物动词：下决心；做出决定；________________n.决心；________________adj.坚决的；有决心的________________________________________________决心做某事例子：________________________________________________learnEnglishwell.（她决心学好英语。）________________________________________________the________________tofinishthetask.（他有完成任务的决心。）知识点33：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.测量；________________n.测量；尺寸；________________________________________________达到；符合；________________________________________________采取措施做某事例子：________________________________________________measuresto________________theenvironment.（我们应该采取措施保护环境。）________________________________________________up________________theinternationalstandards.（这个产品达到国际标准。）知识点34：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.好奇心；________________adv.好奇地；________________adj.好奇的◦①________________________________________________对……好奇；________________________________________________极想做某事；________________________________________________……是奇怪的；________________________________________________引起某人的好奇心；________________________________________________出于好奇例子：________________________________________________curious________________everythingaroundthem.（孩子们总是对周围的一切好奇。）________________________________________________curious________________knowwhat’sinthebox.（我极想知道盒子里有什么。）________________________________________________curious________________thecatlikesswimming.（这只猫喜欢游泳，真奇怪。）知识点35：________________的词汇与短语•________________adj.简单的；________________adv.简单地；________________________________________________像……一样简单；________________________________________________做某事是简单的例子：________________________________________________as________________asABC.（这个问题像ABC一样简单。）________________________________________________tomakeapaperplane.（做纸飞机很简单。）知识点36：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.成功；________________n.成功；________________adj.成功的；________________adv.成功地；[反义词]；________________________________________________在……方面取得巨大的成功；________________________________________________成功做（做）某事例子：________________________________passingtheexam.（他成功通过了考试。）________________________________________________a________________singer.（她是一位成功的歌手。）知识点37：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.风险；v.冒……风险；________________adj.冒险的；________________________________________________冒险；________________________________________________处于危险中；________________________________________________……的风险；________________________________________________冒险做某事例子：________________________________________________swimminginthedeepriver.（不要冒险在深河里游泳。）________________________________________________todrivetoofast.（开太快很冒险。）知识点38：地理专有名词冠词用法•地理专有名词中，“湖、山”等若为“/+名称”结构，一般不用“the”；若为“the+复数/类别名词”（如theGreatLakes,theHimalayas）则需加“the”例子：________________________________isthehighestmountainintheworld.（珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。）________________________________areveryfamous.（喜马拉雅山脉很有名。）知识点39：________________的词汇与短语•________________v.位于；________________n.位置；________________adj.位于……的；________________________________________________某物坐落于/位于某地；________________________________________________……的位置例子：________________________________________________________________thenorthofChina.（北京位于中国北部。）________________________________________________the________________ofthelibrary?（你能告诉我图书馆的位置吗？）知识点40：、、________________、________________的辨析•①________________adj.活着的〔后置定语〕例子：________________________________________________afish________________intheriver.（河里有一条活鱼。）•②________________adj.现场直播〔前置定语〕例子：________________________________________________a________________concertlastnight.（昨晚我们看了一场现场直播的音乐会。）•③________________adj.活着的（强调生存/生存方式）〔前置定语〕例子：________________________________________________________________things.（我们应该保护生物。）•④________________adj.充满活力的〔前置定语〕例子：________________________________________________a________________girlwholikessinginganddancing.（她是个喜欢唱歌跳舞的活力女孩。）•⑤________________v.生活；________________adj.活着的；n.生活例子：________________________________________________ahappyfamily.（我们生活在一个幸福的家庭里。）知识点41：________________的词汇与短语•________________作名词（意为“结构；建筑物”）◦①不可数：表“结构、构造”（抽象概念）例子：________________________________________________the________________ofthehumanbodyisverycomplex.（人体的结构非常复杂。）◦②可数：表“建筑物；具体结构”例子：________________________________________________asteel________________isverystrong.（这个钢结构很坚固。）◦③作动词（意为“组织；安排”）例子：________________________________________________theirlessonswell.（老师应该好好组织课程。）•________________adj.结构的；建筑的知识点42：________________的词汇与短语•________________n.省；________________adj.省的；________________________________________________在一个省；________________________________________________省会例子：________________________________________________a________________inChina.（四川是中国的一个省。）________________________________________________the________________________________ofSichuan.（成都是四川的省会。）单元短语总结1.________________________________________________自然奇观2.________________________________________________与自然连接3.________________________________________________地理事实4.________________________________________________自然奇观5.________________________________________________著名地点6.________________________________________________大数字7.________________________________________________尼罗河8.________________________________________________安赫尔瀑布9.________________________________________________珠穆朗玛峰10.________________________________________________死海11.________________________________________________撒哈拉沙漠12.________________________________________________马里亚纳海沟13.________________________________________________游戏节目14.________________________________________________深海15.________________________________________________“奋斗者”号抵达16.________________________________________________深海起始处17.________________________________________________泰坦尼克号残骸处18.________________________________________________鲸鱼最深潜水记录19.________________________________________________深海研究员20.________________________________________________黄河21.________________________________________________长江22.________________________________________________古代文明23.________________________________________________母亲河24.________________________________________________语法聚焦25.________________________________________________比较事物26.________________________________________________比较动作27.________________________________________________比较地方28.________________________________________________最大的沙漠29.________________________________________________最深点30.________________________________________________也；和……一样好31.________________________________________________不断长高32.________________________________________________流经最远33.________________________________________________维多利亚瀑布34.________________________________________________神奇的经历35.________________________________________________就在我们眼前36.________________________________________________一望无际37.________________________________________________特殊的水池38.________________________________________________疾驰而过39.________________________________________________攀登新高度（文章标题）40.________________________________________________最伟大的奇观41.________________________________________________最高的地方42.________________________________________________触摸天空43.________________________________________________恶劣的条件44.________________________________________________稀薄的空气45.________________________________________________高悬崖46.________________________________________________多变的天气47.________________________________________________死亡之路48.________________________________________________登山队49.________________________________________________中国登山队50.________________________________________________第二步（珠峰地形）51.________________________________________________国旗52.________________________________________________进行研究53.________________________________________________做研究54.________________________________________________做一些研究55.________________________________________________中国梯56.________________________________________________带梯子57.________________________________________________使用“中国梯”58.________________________________________________测量它的高度59.________________________________________________攀登珠穆朗玛峰60.________________________________________________登顶61.________________________________________________冒着生命危险62.________________________________________________人类的好奇心63.________________________________________________人类的雄心64.________________________________________________人类的好奇心和雄心65.________________________________________________词汇运用66.________________________________________________反义词67.________________________________________________淡水湖68.________________________________________________到达底部69.________________________________________________覆盖……平方公里70.________________________________________________不同种类的动物71.________________________________________________自然奇观72.________________________________________________大堡礁73.________________________________________________珊瑚礁74.________________________________________________白色沙滩75.________________________________________________活的结构76.________________________________________________清澈的水77.________________________________________________成群的彩色鱼78.________________________________________________盐湖79.________________________________________________野生动物（鱼和鸟）80.________________________________________________骑自行车或马81.________________________________________________做笔记82.________________________________________________记下细节83.________________________________________________做报告84.________________________________________________比较级85.________________________________________________最高级86.________________________________________________比较级和最高级87.________________________________________________亚马逊雨林88.________________________________________________世界上最大的雨林89.________________________________________________550万平方公里90.________________________________________________“地球之肺”91.________________________________________________种类最多的动植物92.________________________________________________写一些问题93.________________________________________________问搭档94.________________________________________________告诉搭档95.________________________________________________浏览文章96.________________________________________________再读文章97.________________________________________________找信息98.________________________________________________找答案99.________________________________________________圈T（正确）或F（错误）100.__________________