雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Analytical Chemistry（西安交通）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Theaveragevalueofasetofdataisveryclosetothetruevalue,indicatingthatthemeasurementisveryaccurate.

第2题Standarddeviationcanbetterreflecttheclosenessofanalysisresults.第3题Allerrorscanbeeliminatedbythepropermethods.第4题Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouterrorsiswrong?

AUncalibratedinstrumentwillcauseerrorsBImpurereagentswillcausemeasurementerrorsCSystemerrorscanbeeliminatedbyimprovingtestmethodsDRandomerrorscanbeeliminatedbyimprovingtestmethods第5题Whichofthefollowingmethodscaneliminatesystemerrors?ACalibratemeasuringinstruments.BImprovemeasurementmethods.CChangethetesttemperature.D

Runacontrolledexperiment.第6题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsignificantfiguresisincorrect?

ASignificantfigurereferstothenumberthatcanbeactuallymeasuredintheanalysiswork.BThenumberzerodoesnotaffectthenumberofsignificantfigures.CSignificantfiguresreflecttheaccuracyofthemeasurement.D

Thelastdigitofsignificantfiguresissuspicious.第7题Whichofthecalculationaboutsignificantfiguresisincorrect?

A0.03050

has4significantdigits.B12.050

has5significantdigits.CpH=5.25has3

significantdigits.D7.2×10–5

has2

significantdigits.第8题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutrandomerrorsisincorrect?

ARandomerroriscausedbymanyunmeasurableerrorsthatcanaffectthemeasurementresult.BRandomerrorisalwaystoolargeortoosmall.CRandomerrorconformstonormaldistribution.D

Randomerrorsnotonlyaffecttheaccuracyofthemeasurementresults,butalsosignificantlyaffecttheprecisionofthemeasurementresults.第9题Afterkeeping4significantfigures,whichofthefollowingnumbersexpressedinexponentialformiswrong?A

–0.024000shouldbeexpressedas–2.400×10–2.B374500shouldbeexpressedas

3.745×105.C0.000957830shouldbeexpressedas

9.578×10–4.D200.245700shouldbeexpressedas

2.003×102.第10题Thefollowingstatementabouttherulesofnumberarithmeticiswrong?AWhenperformingaddition,usuallythenumberofdigitsofthedataisroundedreasonablyfirst,andthenthecalculationisperformed.BDuringsubtraction,thenumberofdigitsafterthedecimalpointreservedinthefinalcalculationresultshouldbebasedonthedatawiththeleastnumberofdigitsafterthedecimalpoint.CInthemultiplicationoperation,thenumberofdigitsreservedinthecalculationresultdependsonthenumberwiththeleastnumberofdigitsafterthedecimalpoint.D

Inthedivisionoperation,thenumberofdigitsreservedforthecalculationresultdependsonthenumberwiththeleastsignificantnumberofdigits.第1题1.TheanalysisofpureNaOH(solid)canbeusedtopreparestandardsolutiondirectly.第2题2.Accordingtotheacid-baseprotontheory,thesolventcanbothgiveprotonsandacceptprotons,whichareamphotericsubstances.第3题3.IntheKMnO4

method,theKMnO4

solutioncanbefilledwithabasicburettefortitration.第4题1.Intitrationanalysis,thesuddenchangeofindicatorcolorisgenerallyusedtodeterminethearrivalofstoichiometricpoint,andthetitrationisstoppedwhentheindicatorchangescolor.Thispointiscalled

().A

titrationanalysisB

titrationCstoichiometricpointD

endpointoftitration第5题Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?()AThecontentofanysubstancecapableofredoxreactioncanbedeterminedbyadirectmethodBAcid-basetitrationisakindoftitrationanalysismethodbasedonprotontransferreactionCRapidreactionrateisoneoftheimportantconditionsfortitrationanalysisDChemicalreactionssuitablefordirecttitrationmustbequantitative第6题Toprepare1000mL0.1mol/LHClsolution,thevolumeofconcentratedhydrochloricacid(12mol/L)shouldbe().A0.84mLB8.4mLC1.2mLD12mL第7题

Ca2+

wasprecipitatedintoCaC2O4,thendissolvedinacid,andthentheH2C2O4

wastitratedwithKMnO4

standardsolution,soastodeterminethecontentofCa.

Thetitrationmethodusedbelongsto(

)AdirecttitrationBindirecttitrationmethodCprecipitationtitrationDredoxtitrationmethod第8题ThemolarmassofareferencesubstanceAis500

g/mol,anditisusedtocalibratetheBsolutionof0.1

mol/L.Thecalibrationreactionissetas:A+2B==P,andtheweighingquantityofthereferencesubstanceis(

)A0.1~0.2

gB0.2-0.5

gC0.5~1.0

gD1.0~1.6

g第9题

Errorscausedbyinconsistenciesbetweenthediscolorationpointofanindicatorandthestoichiometricpointarecalled()ArandomerrorBmethoderrorCterminalerrorDreagenterror第10题ThecorrectwaytoprepareNaOHstandardsolutionis().Aindirectformulationmethod(calibrationmethod)BuseananalyticalbalancetoweighthereagentCdissolveasmallamountofdistilledwaterinavolumetricflaskD

usetheaboveBandCQuizforchapter4第1题TheconjugatebaseofHCNisCN–.第2题TheacidityofHAcisstrongerthanthatofH2CO3.第3题Sodiumhydroxidesolidcanbeusedtopreparestandardsolutions.第4题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutacidiswrong?

A

Thesubstancethatcanionizehydrogenionsinaqueoussolutionisacid.B

Thesubstancethatcanacceptprotonsisacid.CThesubstancethatcanacceptalonepairofelectronsisacid.DAcidmustcontainthehydrogenelement.第5题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutacid-basereactionisincorrect?

A

Acid-basereactionisaprotontransferreaction.BSubstancesproducedbyacid-basereactionsarealsoacid-base.CAmphotericsubstancescanreactwithacidsorbases.DAnyacid-basereactioncanbeusedforacid-basetitration.第6题ThepHof0.5mol/LNaCNis

?A11.45.B5.10.C10.90.D7.40.第7题ThepHofmixedsolutionof300.0mL0.500mol/LH3PO4and400.0mL1.00mol/LNaOHis?

A12.35.B11.10.C11.90.D12.67.第8题Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheconjugateacidsisincorrect?

AThe

conjugate

acidof

NH2OHis

NH3+OH.BThe

conjugate

acidof

H2Ois

H+.CThe

conjugate

acidof

(CH2)6N4

is

(CH2)6N4H+.DThe

conjugate

acidof

NH3

is

NH4+.第9题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbuffersolutionisincorrect?

ABuffersolutionscanonlybeconfiguredbyacidsandbases.BThecommonioneffectisthereasonwhythebuffersolutioniseffective.CAmphotericsubstancesandsuitableacidscanpreparebuffersolutions.DThebuffercapacityofthebuffersolutionisrelatedtotheacid-baseconcentration.第10题TitrationofHClwithNaOHshoulduse

astheacid-baseindicator.AmethylorangeBphenolphthaleinCmethylredDalloftheaboveQuizforchapter5第1题TheincreaseofacidityleadstoadecreaseinαY(H)

andanincreaseintheactualstabilityofEDTAcomplexes.第2题IfthestabilityofthecomplexformedbytheindicatorandMisslightlylessthanthatofthecorrespondingEDTAcomplex,theendpointwillbedelayed,whichbelongstothefossilizationoftheindicator.第3题Thecoordinationnumbersof[Cu(NH3)4]2+and[Cu(en)2]2+

areboth4.第4题Whichofthefollowingstatementabout

αY(H)

iscorrectAαY(H)

decreasesaspHdecreasesBαY(H)

increasesaspHincreasesCAthighpH,

αY(H)

isapproximatelyequalto0DαY(H)

increaseswithincreasingsolutionacidity第5题EDTAwithZn2+

complexesformedinconditionalstabilityconstantofthelgK

ɵ′Zn'recentequals

()A16.50B0.45C16.05D16.96第6题IntheEDTAtitrationMg2+

system,whichofthefollowingsubstanceswillnotaffecttheaccuratetitration.

()AwaterBacidCconcentratedNaOHDtojointheweakalkalinesolutionpH=10.0第7题InthecomplexometrictitrationwithEDTAtitrant,todeterminethecontentofAl3+,anexcessiveamountofEDTAstandardsolutionshouldbeaddedfirsttoproduceAl3+-EDTA,andthentheremainingEDTAstandardsolutionshouldbetitratedwithZn2+

standardsolution.Finally,thecontentofAl3+

shouldbecalculatedfromtheconsumedZn2+

andEDTA.

Thismethodbelongsto（）A

indirecttitrationmethodBdirecttitrationmethodCbacktitrationDdisplacementtitration第8题Indicatorsusedincomplexometrictitrationbelongto

(

)AadsorptionindicatorBacid-baseindicatorCproprietaryindicatorsDmetalindicators第9题WhentitratingthecompositionofCa2+

andMg2+

ionsinwaterwithEDTA,thecommonlyusedindicatoris

(

)Axylenol

orangeBchromiumblackT-indicatorCPAN(Cu-PAN)Dcalciumindicator第10题Undernormalcircumstances,thecomplexationratioofEDTAtothemetalioncomplexis

()A1:1B1:2C1:3D2:1Quizforchapter6第1题Theessenceofredoxreactionisthegainandlossofoxygenatoms.第2题ThelargertheelectrodepotentialEvalue,thestrongertheoxidationstateoftheoxidizedsubstanceintheelectricpair.

第3题Thegreatertheelectromotiveforce,thefastertheredoxreactionrate.第4题TheoxidationnumbersofClinCl2OandSinS4O62–are

A

+1and+6,respectively.B+1and+4,respectively.C+1and+2.5,respectively.D–1and+6,respectively.第5题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutprimarycelliswrong?

AInprinciple,anyspontaneousredoxreactioncanbedesignedasaprimarycell.BAprimarycellcanbeconstructedwithCuandCu2+

withoutotherredoxsubstances.CChangethepHvalueofthesolution,theelectromotiveforceoftheprimarycellwillchange.DThetemperaturerises,theelectromotiveforceoftheprimarycellincreases.第6题TherightbatterysymbolofthereactionofCu(s)+2H+(0.01mol/L)=Cu2+(0.1mol/L)+H2(0.9×1.013×105Pa)is

A

(–)Cu(s)|Cu2+

(0.1mol/L)||H+

(0.01mol/L)|H2

(0.9×1.013×105

Pa)|Pt(s)(+).B(–)Pt(s)|H+

(0.01mol/L)|H2

(0.9×1.013×105

Pa)||Cu2+

(0.1mol/L)|Cu(s)(+).C(–)Cu(s)|Cu2+

(0.1mol/L)|H+

(0.01mol/L)||H2

(0.9×1.013×105

Pa)|Pt(s)(+).D

(–)Pt(s)|H2

(0.9×1.013×105

Pa)||H+

(0.01mol/L)|Cu2+

(0.1mol/L)|Cu(s)(+).第7题Whichofthefollowingisnotanionelectrode?ACu2+/CuBSn4+/Sn2+CCr2O72–/Cr3+

DFe(CN)6]3–/[Fe(CN)6]4–第8题TheelectromotiveforceoftheprimarycellofPt│U4+(0.200mol/L),UO22+(0.0150mol/L),H+(0.0300mol/L)║Fe2+(0.0100mol/L),Fe3+(0.025mol/L)│Pt

(Fe3++e==Fe2+

E

=0.769V;UO22++4H++2e==U4++2H2O

E

=0.334V)is?

A0.671V

B0.435V

C0.617V

D0.529V第9题Underwhichofthefollowingconditions,theredoxreactioncanproceedspontaneously?AEMF

>0BEMF

<0C

K

>0D

K<0第10题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutredoxtitrationiscorrect?

AAllredoxreactionscanbeusedfortitration.BThesizeoftheredoxtitrationpotentialjumphasnothingtodowiththeoxidationabilityoftheoxidant.CSomeredoxtitrationsdonotneedtoaddindicator.DIodometryisananalyticalmethodthatonlyusestheoxidizingpropertiesofI2

toperformtitration.Quizforchapter7第1题TheundissolvedelectrolyteKspӨ

issmaller,itssolubilityinthewater

isalsosmall.第2题TheconcentrationsofCl-，Br-andI-

canbedeterminedrespectivelyby

Mohrmethod.第3题TheindicatorusedbyFayangjudicaturebelongstoadsorptionindicator.第4题Whichofthefollowingprecipitationreaction

notbelongtothesilvermethod（

）AAg+

+Cl-=AgCl↓BAg+

+I-=AgI↓CAg+

+SCN-=AgSCN↓D2Ag+

+S2-=Ag2S↓第5题InamixedsolutioncontainingCl-andCrO42-ionswithbothconcentrationsof0.010mol/L,AgNO3

solutionwasgraduallydropped(ignoringthechangeofvolume),andthefirstiontoprecipitatewas(

).[KspӨ(AgCl)=1.77×10-10,KspӨ(Ag2CrO4)=1.12×10-12]ACl-BCrO42-CSimultaneousprecipitationofCl-andCrO42-Dcouldnotbedetermined第6题ThesolubilityofPbCl2

in0.10mol·L-1

NaClsolutionis()mol/L.[KspӨ(PbCl2)=1.7×10-5]A1.7×10-4B1.7×10-3C1.6×10-2D4.1×10-2第7题AddAgNO3

solutionto0.10mol/L

NaClsolution,resultinginwhiteprecipitation.Thenaddammoniawatertothesolution,theprecipitationgraduallydissolves,andaddKIsolutiontothesystem,resultinginyellowprecipitation,whichindicates(

).A

KspӨ(AgCl)>KspӨ(AgI)B

KspӨ(AgCl)<KspӨ(AgI)CKspӨ(AgCl)=KspӨ(AgI)Dcannotbeexplained第8题Tomakec(S2-)1×10-8mol/L,thepHvalueofH2Ssaturatedsolutionshouldbecontrolledas().[Ka1Ө(H2S)=8.9×10-8，Ka2Ө(H2S)=1.2×10-13]A7.02B13.89C5.99D7.50第9题Intheprecipitationtitrationmethod,theindicatorusedbytheVolhard

methodis(

).AK2CrO4BNH4Fe(SO4)2CadsorptionindicatorDtojudge第10题Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue

()AMohrmethodcandetermine

theconcentrationof

Cl-、I-andAg+BTheionsthatcanbedeterminedbyVolhardmethodincludeCl-、Br-、I-、SCN-

andAg+CTheionsthatcanonlybedeterminedbyVolhard

methodareCl-、Br-、I-andSCN-DTheselectionofadsorptiveindicatorsintheprecipitationtitrationrequiresthattheadsorptivecapacityoftheprecipitatedcolloidalparticlestotheindicatorshouldbeslightlylargerthanthatoftheionstobemeasuredQuizforchapter8第1题Thelighttransmittanceofthesolutionisproportionaltotheconcentrationofthesolution.第2题Themolarextinctioncoefficientofasubstanceisrelatedtotherelativemolecularmassofthesubstance.第3题Thewavelengthrangeofvisiblelightis400nmto700nm.第4题Ifacuvettewithanopticalpathlengthof1cmisusedtomeasuretheabsorbanceofasolutionandtheresultis0.2,thenwhatwouldbetheabsorbanceobtainedbymeasuringthesolutionwithacuvettewithanopticalpathlengthof2cm?A0.4B0.3C0.1D0.5第5题Whichofthefollowingwavelengthsbelongstotheultravioletrange?A350nmB555nmC0.8μmD200μm第6题

Theabsorbanceofasolutionis0.6.Ifthesolutionconcentrationbecomeshalfoftheoriginalsolution,whatisthetransmittanceofthedilutedsolution?A10-0.6B100.6C10-0.3D100.3第7题Intheprocessofspectrophotometricanalysis,inordertoreducetheinfluenceofmeasurementerrors,whatrangeshouldtheabsorbanceofthesolutionbecontrolled?A0.1-1.0B0.2-0.8C1.0-2.0D

2.0-8.0

第8题Amongthefollowingoptions,whatisnotrelatedtotheabsorbanceofthecoloredcomplex?AWavelengthoftheincidentlightBCuvettethicknessCComplexconcentrationDComplexstability第9题WhenapplyingLambert-Beerlawforquantitativeanalysis,whatkindoflightshouldbeusedasincidentlight?AWhitelightBSunraysCMonochromaticlightDUltravioletlight第10题Regardingthespectrophotometer,whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?AThelightsourceofthevisiblelightspectrophotometerisatungstenlampBUseprismorgratingasmonochromator;CMustusequartzcuvetteasabsorptioncell;DUsephotomultipliertubeorphotodiodeasdetectorQuizforChapter9第1题Emissionspectravarywidelyandaredependentuponthechemicalstructureofthefluorophoreandthesolventinwhichitisdissolved.

第2题Thefluorescencequantumyieldistheratioofthenumberofphotonsabsorbedtothenumberofphotonsemitted.

第3题Emissionspectraaretypicallyindependentoftheexcitationwavelength.ThisisknownasKasha'srule.第4题Whichofthefollowingfactorsgenerallydoesnotaffectthefluorescencespectrumofasolution?AExcitationwavelengthB

pHCSolventDConcentration第5题Whichofthefollowingprocessesdoesnotaffectthenon-radiativerelaxationprocessofexcited-statemolecules?AVibrationalrelaxationBInternalconversionCQuenchDAggregation第6题Whichofthefollowingmoleculesmayhavestrongestfluorescence?ApyridineBthiopheneCquinolineDfuran第7题Inordertomaintainagoodlinearrelationshipbetweenthefluorescenceintensityofthesolutionandtheconcentrationofthesolution,youshould:AKeeptheabsorbanceofthesolutionlessthan0.05BKeepthelighttransmittanceofthesolutiongreaterthan0.5CUsemonochromaticlightasexcitationlightD

Usecuvetteswithlongeropticalpath第8题Whichofthefollowingcomponentsisnotpartofthefluorescencespectrophotometer?ALightsourceBExcitationmonochromatorCEmissionmonochromatorDIonsource第9题Whichofthefollowingapplicationsdoesnotbelongtotheapplicationrangeoffluorescencespectrophotometry?AQualitativeanalysisofinorganicionsB

QuantitativeanalysisoforganicmoleculesCGravimetricanalysisDBiochemicalanalysis第10题Whichofthefollowingapplicationsdoesnotbelongtotheapplicationrangeoffluorescencespectrophotometry?A

HighsensitivityBHighselectivityC

NotsusceptibletointerferenceD

FlexibleQuizforchapter10第1题O2

hasinfraredactivityandcanproduceinfraredabsorptionpeaks.第2题Thecommonlyusedlightsourceininfraredspectrophotometerishollowcathodelamp.第3题Themainadsorptionsofaldehydegroupareat1750~1700cm-1,2820cm-1,and2720cm-1.第4题Whenusinginfraredanalysis,thesolventthatshouldbeselectedis（

）AmethanolBcarbontetrachlorideCchloroformDn-hexane第5题Amongthefollowingcompounds,thehighestfrequencyofC-Ostretchingvibrationis（

）ARCOHBRCOFCRCOClDRCOR第6题Intheinfraredabsorptionspectrum,theC-Cvibrationabsorptionpeakofaromatichydrocarbonappearsat（

）A2400～200cm-1B1650～1450cm-1C1900～1650cm-1D1000～650cm-1第7题Itisknownthatacertaincompounddoesnothaveanyabsorptionpeakintheultravioletregion,buthasabroadandstrongabsorptionbandintheinfraredspectrumfrom3400to3200cm-1,thenthemostlikelycompoundis（

）AcarboxylicacidBalcoholCprimaryamineDether第8题Inalcoholcompounds,duetothestrengtheningoftheintermolecularhydrogenbond,theO-Hstretchingvibrationfrequency

（）

withtheincreaseofthesolutionconcentration.Amovestowardslowwavenumber

BmovestowardshighwavenumberCNochangeDAandBarebothpossible第9题Intheinfraredspectrum,theabsorptionpeakinthehighfrequencyregionnear3000cm-1

ismainlycausedby（

）

AstretchingvibrationofC-C,C-OBstretchingvibrationofC-H,O-H,N-HCstretchingvibrationofC=C,C=ODstretchingvibrationofC≡C,C≡N第10题Intheinfraredspectrum,therearetwoobviousabsorptionbandsintherangeof3500～3100cm-1,thenthemostlikelycompoundis（）A(C6H5)CONH(C6H5)B(C6H5)COOHC(C6H5)CO(C6H5)D

(C6H5)CONH2Quizforchapter11第1题Thehydrogenbondhasagreatinfluenceontheprotonchemicalshiftofactivehydrogen.第2题Inthe

1HNMRspectrumofCH3CH2OCH(CH3)2,theratioofareaofvariousprotonsignalsis9:2:1.第3题第4题IntheNMRspectrumofCH3CH2CH3,theprotonsignalofCH2

issplitinto(

)bytheprotoncouplingofCH3.AquartetBquintetCsixpeaksDsevenpeaks第5题Howmanyspinorientationsdoesanatomicnucleuswithspinquantumnumber

I

=1/2haveintheexternalmagneticfield?

()A1B2C4D0第6题FromtheNMRspectraofethyleneandacetylene,theprotonchemicalshiftvaluesare5.8and2.8,respectively.Thereasonforthelargechemicalshiftvalueofprotonpeaksoftheethyleneis().AinducedeffectBanisotropiceffectCspin-spincouplingDconjugationeffect第7题Whichofthefollowingnucleusexhibitzeronuclearmagneticmomentsanddonotproducenuclearmagneticresonancesignals?

(

)A2H,

14NB19F,

12CC1H,

13CD16O,

12C第8题Whichofthefollowingcompoundsshowsthesmallestchemicalshiftsofprotons?

()ACH3FBCH4CCH3ClDCH3Br第9题TheNMRspectrumofClCH2-CH2Clmoleculeisexpectedafterspin-spinsplitting

(

).Ahas4protonpeaksBhas2protonpeaksCdoesnotexhibitsplittingDhas5protonpeaks第10题1HNMRspectrumofacompound(C10H14)showstwosetsofsinglepeakat

δ

=7.2(a)and

δ

=1.3(b)respectively.Theratioofpeakareaisa:b=5:9.Thestructureofthecompoundis(

).A(C6H5)CH2CH(CH3)2B(C6H5)CH(CH3)CH2CH3C(C6H5)C(CH3)3D(C6H5)CH2CH2CH3Quizforchapter12第1题ForcompoundscomposedofC,H,O,andN,themassnumbersofthemolecularionpeaksofthemassspectrumareevennumbers.第2题Thesquareoftheion'sradiusofmotioninthemassspectrometerisproportionaltothestrengthofthemagneticfield.第3题Thepeakwiththelargestmass-to-chargeratiointhemassspectrummustbethemolecularionpeak.第4题Amongthefollowingmethods,whichcandeterminethemolecularmass?AUltravioletspectrumBInfraredspectrumCLuminescenceSpectrometryDMassspectrometry第5题The

massspectrometer

doesnotinclude(

).AThe

quadrupolemassspectrometerBThe

time-of-flightmassspectrometerCDoublefocusmassspectrometerDPowerqualityanalyzer第6题The

degreeofunsaturation

ofbenzeneis().A3B4C5D6第7题Them/zofthemolecularionpeakofacompoundis87.()maybetheformulaofthecompound.AC7H7O2BC5H10OCC4H9NODC6H15第8题InthemassspectrumofthecompoundC2H5Br,therelativeintensityratiooftheMandM+2peaksisabout(

).A1:1B2:1C3:1D4:1第9题Amongthefollowingcompounds,whichhastheweakestmolecularionpeak?(

).AaromaticringBconjugatedalkenesCesterDalicycliccompound第10题Thecorrectdescriptionaboutthemolecularionpeakis(

).AThemass-to-chargeratioofthemolecularionpeakisequaltotherelativemolecularmassofthecompoundBThepeakwiththelargestmassisthemolecularionpeakCThesecondhighestmasspeakisthemolecularionpeakDThemostintensepeakisthemolecularionpeakQuizforchapter13第1题Theradiationsourcesusedinatomicabsorptionspectrometry(AAS)areusuallyelement-specific.第2题Intheatomicabsorptionspectrophotometer,thecurrentlycommonlyusedlightsourceisatungstenlamp.第3题Intheatomicabsorptionanalysismethod,thesensitivityandaccuracyofthemeasuredelem