《医学口译》参考译文 第十五章 肿瘤科 答案

第十五章肿瘤科答案DialogueInterpretingOncologist:你好，冯女士。您两年前来过这里，是在2023年，对吗？Mrs.Feng:Yes,IwenttoWestmeadHospitalbefore.Theytoldmetocometoseeyou.Mymedicalrecordsshouldbeherewithyou,right?Oncologist:很遗憾，当时预约时，医院的秘书告诉我们这边的秘书您是首次就诊，所以医院没有把您的病历档案寄过来。因为我现在没有您的档案，所以需要问您一些问题。Mrs.Feng:Pleasegoahead.Oncologist:您当时在医院住了多久？外科医生那次切除了几个肿块？Mrs.Feng:Iwashospitalizedfortwoweeks.Irememberhavingtwosurgeries,andIthinkthreelumpswereremoved.Oncologist:您什么时候发现这最后一个肿块的？Mrs.Feng:It’sbeenalmostamonth.Atfirst,Ijustfeltuncomfortablehere.Laterthepaingotworse,soIwenttoseemyfamilydoctor.HesuggestedthatIconsultaspecialist.Oncologist:请您把上衣和胸罩脱掉，我需要检查一下。好的，这又是一个良性的脂肪瘤。您可以穿上衣服了。这种情况很常见，脂肪容易积聚形成结节，每两三年可能会重新出现。它们不是癌症，所以您不必担心。您只需要做一个简单的手术，只需在医院住一天。Mrs.Feng:Anotheroperation?I’vehadtoomanysurgeriesalready;Ireallycan’tstanditanymore.It’sverypainful—especiallythelastone.Oncologist:上次真的很疼吗？我之前不知道。我们会确保这次不会发生那种情况。Mrs.Feng:Thelasttimetherewerequiteafewincisions.Oncologist:是的，那是因为以前采用的手术方式。您那次只有两个小切口，对吧？Mrs.Feng:Yes.Oncologist:现在，请问您对什么东西过敏吗？Mrs.Feng:I’mallergictosomedrugs,especiallyaspirin.IfIdon’twanttohavesurgerynowandcomebacklater,willthelumpgetbiggerandbehardertoremove?Oncologist:会的，因为肿块会继续增长，而且会越来越疼。肿块越大，切除的难度也越大。而且医院安排手术需要一段时间，大约两到三个月，到那时肿块也会继续长大。我的秘书会联系医院安排一切，之后医院会寄给您一封信，里面有所有的具体信息。Consecutive/SimultaneousInterpretingPassageOne肺癌：早期筛查能挽救生命女士们、先生们，今天我想谈论一种影响全球数百万人的疾病——肺癌。它是一种“沉默的杀手”，常常在没有明显症状的情况下悄然发展，等被发现时往往为时已晚。肺癌是发生在肺部组织中的恶性肿瘤，最常见的是发生在呼吸道内壁细胞中。它具有失控的增长特性，主要的危险因素包括接触有害物质，例如烟草烟雾、氡气、辐射以及石棉等。肺癌在全球癌症致死率中占首位，但它却是许多人回避谈论的话题。事实上，早期发现至关重要。肺癌的症状往往隐匿不显，容易被误认为是一些较轻的疾病，如长期咳嗽或支气管炎。许多人甚至直到病情已经进入晚期，都没有意识到自己的身体出了问题。常见的肺癌症状包括：持续咳嗽且不断加重、胸痛、呼吸困难、咯血或原因不明的体重下降。有时还可能出现颈部或面部肿胀、声音嘶哑以及反复的呼吸道感染。如果癌症扩散到身体其他部位，还可能引起骨痛、肢体乏力等神经症状，甚至出现黄疸。必须注意的是，这些症状并不一定意味着患有肺癌。它们也可能与其他健康问题有关，但关键是——绝不能忽视。如果出现这些症状，请立即就医。早期发现和及时治疗往往能够决定治疗的成败。我们还要认识到，肺癌不分人群。它既可以影响吸烟者，也能影响非吸烟者。虽然吸烟仍然是肺癌的主要原因，但那些从未吸烟的人也可能因为遗传因素或接触二手烟、氡气、空气污染以及其他环境性或职业性致癌物而患病。最后，我想呼吁大家：保持警觉，重视自身健康；如果有任何担忧，请尽快咨询专业的医疗人员。让我们携手提高对肺癌的认识，倡导早期筛查，并共同努力——挽救更多生命。谢谢。PassageTwoLiverCancer:Prevention,EarlyDetection,andTreatmentLivercancerisoneofthemostcommonmalignanttumorsworldwideandposesaseriousthreattohumanlife.InChina,theincidenceandmortalityratesoflivercancerremainhigh.Thediseaseiscloselyassociatedwithchronicliverconditionsandhepatitisvirusinfections,imposingaheavyburdenoncountlessfamilies.First,let’sdiscussthepreventionoflivercancer.Livercancerdoesnotoccurovernight—itisusuallytheresultoflong-termliverdisease.OneofthemostcommoncausesischronicinfectionwithhepatitisBorhepatitisCviruses.IfhepatitisBinfectionisleftuntreated,theinflammationofthelivermaydevelopintocirrhosis,whichgreatlyincreasestheriskoflivercancer.Therefore,thefirststepinpreventinglivercanceriscontrollingthespreadofhepatitisviruses.Fortunately,hepatitisBcanbepreventedthroughvaccination,andhepatitisCcanbecuredthroughantiviraltherapy,significantlyreducingtheriskofprogressiontolivercancer.Inadditiontocontrollinghepatitistransmission,maintainingahealthylifestyleisanothercriticalpartofprevention.Excessivealcoholconsumption,obesity,diabetes,andunhealthyeatinghabitsallincreasetheriskoflivercancer.Inparticular,long-termalcoholabusecanleadtoalcoholicfattyliverandalcoholichepatitis,ultimatelyprogressingtocirrhosisand,inseverecases,livercancer.Thus,adoptinghealthyeatinghabits,avoidingexcessivedrinking,andkeepingahealthybodyweightareessentialpracticesforeveryone.Next,let’stalkaboutearlydetectionandtreatment.Thesymptomsoflivercancerareoftensubtle.Manypatientsdonotexperienceanydiscomfortintheearlystagesandarediagnosedonlyaftersevereliverdamageoccurs.Thatiswhyregularscreeningiskeytoearlydiagnosisandtreatment.Forhigh-riskindividuals—suchasthosewithhepatitis,cirrhosis,orafamilyhistoryoflivercancer—regularliverfunctiontests,abdominalultrasound,andserumalpha-fetoprotein(AFP)testingarestronglyrecommended.Earlyscreeningallowsdoctorstodetectliverabnormalitiesintime,andearlytreatmentgreatlyimprovessurvivalrates.Treatmentoptionsforlivercancerhaveadvancedsignificantly.Inadditiontotraditionalsurgicalresection,interventionaltherapy,radiotherapy,andchemotherapy,newapproachessuchastargetedtherapyandimmunotherapyhavebecomeimportantstandardcomponentsofclinicaltreatmentinrecentyears.Throughpersonalizedtreatmentplans,manypatientswithlivercancerarenowachievingimprovedqualityoflifeandbettertreatmentoutcomes.Finally,Iwouldliketoremindeveryonethatlivercancerpreventionandcontrolrelynotonlyonmedicaltechnologybutalsoonpublicawarenessandhealthylivinghabits.Eachpersoncanreducetheirriskoflivercancerbygettingvaccinated,undergoingregularcheck-ups,maintainingahealthydiet,andavoidingha