Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus(4a-4c) 语言点精讲精练(含答案)

21世纪教育网精品试卷·第2页（共2页）Unit1SectionAGrammarFocus(4a-4c)语言点精讲精练I．语言点精讲1.动词不定式的用法1)动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语。2)动词不定式的用法具有名词，形容词和副词的特性，因此可在句子中做主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语和状语（重点目的状语）等。①不定式作宾语补足语补充说明“宾语”的动作或状态，让宾语的意思更完整，使“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构意思完整。常见动词带to的动词，如tell,ask,want,teach,encourage,advise等Shetoldmetofinishhomeworkfirst.（她让我先完成作业。）省to的动词（使役/感官动词），如make,let,see,hear,watch,notice等IsawTomplaybasketballontheplayground.（我看见汤姆在操场打篮球。）②不定式作状语（重点：目的状语）修饰动词或整个句子，说明“做某事的目的”（最常用）Hestudieshardtogetgoodgrades.（他努力学习是为了取得好成绩。）Wewenttothelibrarytoborrowbooks.（我们去图书馆是为了借书。）③动词不定式的否定式由“not+动词不定式”构成，如Trynottomakeanynoisewhenyoueat.Thebooktaughtmenottogiveup.④疑问词+不定式结构动词不定式可以于疑问词what，which，where，when，how等连用。Idon'tknowhowtousethecomputer.Thetourguidewilltellyouwheretogonext.⑤不带to的动词不定式,主要由两大类：一类感官动词:see，hear，watch，feel，notice等，强调动作的过程。Heheardsomeonewalkdownthestairs.Isawherwalkintotheclassroom二类使役动词:let，make，have等,表示：让做...Ifyouhaveanyquestions，pleaseletmeknow.Theteachermadehimstandup.trytodo与trydoingsth的区分：①trytodosth.（努力做；试图做）有明确目标，付出努力去完成，常与“hard,again,finally”等表努力的词搭配。ItriedtofinishmyEnglishhomeworkbeforedinner,butitwastoodifficult.（我努力想在晚饭前完成英语作业，但它太难了。→付出努力，目标是完成）Shetriedhardtorememberallthenewwords,andshesucceeded.（她努力记住所有新单词，而且成功了。→强调努力+结果）②trydoingsth.尝试做；试着做。没有强制目标，只是尝试一种新方式、新事物，看看是否有效/合适。）Ifyoucan’tsolvethemathproblem,tryaskingyourteacherforhelp.（如果你解不出这道数学题，试着向老师求助。→尝试新方法）Itriedeatingsushiforthefirsttimeyesterday—itwasdelicious!（我昨天第一次尝试吃寿司，它太美味了！→尝试新事物）3.havefun的用法：玩得开心；过得愉快①havefun(doingsth.)（做某事很开心；享受做某事的过程）Wehadgreatfunplayingbeachvolleyballontheweekend.（我们周末打沙滩排球玩得很开心。）①havefunwithsb./sth.（和某人玩得开心；玩某物很尽兴）Thechildrenarehavingfunwiththenewtoys.(孩子们开心地玩着玩具。）4.relax的用法：作动词，过去式：relaxed①放松，休息，不及物动词，无宾语Iusuallyrelaxfor10minutesafterfinishinghomework.（我通常写完作业后休息10分钟。）Sherelaxesbylisteningtolightmusiceveryevening.（她每天晚上听轻音乐放松。）②及物动词（带宾语）：使（某人/某物）放松；缓解ReadingcomicbooksrelaxesmewhenI’msad.（我难过时，看漫画书能让我放松。）②Doingyogacanrelaxyourbodyandmind.（做瑜伽能放松你的身心。）派生词用法1)形容词relaxed（修饰人，表“感到放松的”）常见结构：berelaxed+(aboutsth.)/feelrelaxedSheisrelaxedabouttheresultbecauseshetriedherbest.（她对结果很坦然，因为她已经尽力了。)2)形容词relaxing（修饰物/事，表“令人放松的”）结构：arelaxing+名词（物/事）/系动词+relaxingIt’sarelaxingtriptothecountryside—weenjoyedthefreshair.（去乡下的旅行很令人放松，我们享受了新鲜空气。）Listeningtobirdssingingisarelaxingactivity.（听鸟叫是一项放松的活动。）3)名词relaxation（表“放松；休闲”）结构：needrelaxation/haverelaxation/awayofrelaxationReadingisagoodwayofrelaxationforstudents.（阅读对学生来说是一种很好的休闲方式。）II．语言点精练一、单项选择。1.Iwantto______paintingthissummer.Itlooksrelaxing.A.getinto B.giveup C.lookat D.talkabout2.—I’mnotsureifIcanlearntoskate.—Comeon!Just______!A.giveitago B.getitback C.lookitup D.putiton3.Theswimming______isverypatient.Healwaysencouragesus.A.instructor B.poem C.ink D.fear4.Myparentsalwaystellmenotto______myselftoohard.A.push B.pull C.carry D.hold5.Wedon’tgooutoften,butwegoonanouting______.A.onceinawhile B.atthesametime C.fromtimetotime D.allthetime6.LastSunday,ourfamilywentona(n)______tothepark.Wehadapicnicthere.A.poem B.outing C.ink D.chat7.Thekindwordsfrommyfriendmademe______totryagain.A.decided B.todecide C.decide D.deciding8.Isawhim______abeautifulpicturewithjustafewstrokes.A.topaint B.painted C.paint D.painting二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Mycousinaskedme______(go)hikingwithhim.2.Thefunnystorymadeeveryone______(laugh).3.Ioftenlistentomusic______(relax)afterschool.4.Theydecided______(notstay)athomelastSunday.5.Didyouseethebird______(fly)intothattree?三、根据汉语意思完成句子1.我们应该学会保护自己远离危险。Weshouldlearnto__________________fromdanger.2.和同学们一起做运动真有趣。我们经常一起踢足球。It’sfun____________________withourclassmates.Weoftenplayfootballtogether.3.人们在街上悬挂国旗来庆祝这个重要的日子。Peopleputthenationalflagsonthestreets______________theimportantday.4.我自学了怎样做好吃鱼。I________________howtocookdeliciousfish.5.杰克邀请他的朋友一起吃晚饭。Jackinviteshisfriends____________________together.四、完形填空Whydoyouneedhobbies?Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplearemorepositive(积极的)whentheytakepartina1activity.Otherstudieshave2thathobbiescangiveyouasenseofachievement.Scientistsalsothinktheymightbegoodforyourbrain.Howdoyouchoosetherighthobby?Startwithwhatyouenjoyedinthepast.Didyouonceplayfootball?3againorstartsomethingelse.Ifyoufinditisn’tforyou,stopandturnto4.Probablyjoiningaclassorateamwillgiveyoua5tomeetotherpeople.Whichrelaxingactivitiesaregoodforphysicalhealth?It’sclearthatexerciseisgoingtobegoodforyourbody,suchaswalking.6iswonderfulexercise.Areviewof94studiesfoundthatdancingthreetimesaweek7balanceinolderpeople.Gettingoutinnatureishelpful,8you’rehikingordoingsomethinglessactive.Whichhobbieskeepyourmindactive?Learninganinstrumentandreadingarethebest9.Playingthepianoorlisteningtoyourfavoritebandcanhelpyoumakeit.Researcheshavefoundreadingisalsogoodforyourbrains.Hobbiesletyou10yourworriesandhavefun.Solet’stakeupgreathobbies.1．A．surprising B．relaxing C．moving D．boring2．A．shown B．told C．made D．heard3．A．Putitup B．Thinkitup C．Takeitup D．Lookitup4．A．somethingold B．somethingnew C．anythingnew D．anythingold5．A．hand B．hug C．try D．chance6．A．Singing B．Swimming C．Dancing D．Running7．A．improved B．guided C．stopped D．fought8．A．whether B．so C．or D．for9．A．places B．choices C．gifts D．ways10．A．find B．kill C．forget D．wash五、阅读还原。阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Learninganewskillisajourneythatoftenstartswithasimpledecisiontotry.Lastterm,myschoolstarteda“HobbyExplorationWeek”.1.______Ihadalwaysthoughtcalligraphywastoodifficultandseriousforme.Onthefirstday,Iwatchedthecalligraphyteachermakebeautifulstrokeswithabrush.Itlookedpeaceful.“Doyouwanttogiveitago?”sheaskedmekindly.2.______“Justholdthebrushlikethis,”shesaid,guidingmyhand.Myfirstcharacterwasshaky,andtheinkwenteverywhere.Ifeltalittleembarrassed.3.______Shetoldmeherfirsttrywasevenworseandthateveryonestartsasabeginner.Herstorymademefeelbetter.Shealsotoldmenottopushmyselfforperfectresultsbuttoenjoythefeelingofthebrushonpaper.Idecidedtokeeppractising.4.______Ifocusedontheprocess,nottheperfectshapeofthecharacters.Ievenstartedtolovethesmelloftheink.Bytheendoftheweek,Iwasn’tanexpert,butIcouldwritemynamenicely.5.______Ittaughtmethatthehardestpartisoftenjustdecidingtostart.Now,Iknowthatwithalittlecouragetobeginandsomepatiencetocontinue,Icanlearnmanynewthings.A.Iwasnervous,butIsaidyes.B.Theteachersawmydisappointment.C.Wewereencouragedtochooseonenewactivitytotry.D.SoIdecidedtotryiceskatingagainnextwinter.E.Everyafternoon,Ispentsometimepractisingsinglestrokes.F.The“HobbyExplorationWeek”wasawonderfulexperienceforme.六、，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。suggest

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howeverI’venoticedthatcommunicatingwithmychildrenisnoteasy.Itcouldbemyproblem.Idon’talwaysthinkcarefully1Iopenmymouthtosaysomething.Forexample,mykidswilltell2somethingthatmadethemworried.Then,assoonastheirwordsareover,Ican’thelpspeakingwiththemlikethis:“Youshould.”,“Youneedtoconsider.”,“Haveyouthoughtof...”“Mum!”Theyusuallystopme3leavesilently.Ijustwanttogetclosetothemand4partoftheirlives.Moreimportantly,Idon’twantthemtomakeanyunnecessarymistakes.5,whattheywantisalisteningearandanopenheart.I’mnotaloneinthis.Manyofmyfriendshavehadsuchanexperience.Oneday,afriendofminetoldmethathersonhardlylistenedtoallher6.Shewasworriedabouthim.Andshealsoaskedme7sheshoulddotodealwithit.“It’sliketalkingtoawall,”shecontinued.Infact,kidsarenotaskingfor8orhelp.Theymaynotevenwantanimmediatewaytosolveadifficultproblem.Theyjustwanttotalkwithsomeonewholovesandsupportsthem.Becauseofthis,I’ve9tobecomeabetterparentbybeingabetterlistener.Althoughit’s10formetodothat,I’montheway.I’mtryingtochangemyself.七、阅读下面短文，按要求完成下面小题。NoticefromSunshineMiddleSchoolDearstudentsandteachers,Tomakeourlessonsmorefun,we’regoingtostartanewclassabouttraditionalart.Weneedyourideas!Doyouagreetostartthenewclass?Ifyoudo,pleasetelluswhichkindsoftraditionalartyou’dliketolearninthisclass.PleaseshareyourthoughtswithyourclassteachersbyFriday,November8th.Thankyouforyourcooperation.Thisnoticehasstartedalivelydiscussionamongstudentsandteachers.Fourofthemsharedtheirideas:LiMei,astudentWangHao,astudentIthinkit’sagreatideatostartanewclassabouttraditionalartandI’mreallyinterestedinBeijingOpera.EverytimeIwatchaBeijingOperaperformance,itfeelslikeI’mgoingbacktotheoldtimes.It’sawindowintoChina’srichhistoryandculture.Myfavoritetraditionalartformisshadowpuppetry(皮影戏).Ithinkitwouldbeagreatchoiceforthenewclassbecauseitcaninspire(激发)ourcreativityandimagination.Wecanevenlearntomakeourownshadowpuppetsandperformourownshows.ChenYu,astudentMrs.Wei,ateacherI’mnotsureifanewtraditionalartclassisagoodidea.Wealreadyhavelotsofclasseseveryday.IwanttospendmyfreetimedoingwhatIlovetodo,suchasdancingorreadingbooks.Addinganewclasswouldtakethattimeaway.Idon’twanttofeelmorestressedwithextralessons.Learningabouttraditionalartisagreatwayforstudentstoconnectwithourculture.Somestudentsmayworryabouttime,butwecanmaketheclassrelaxing.Maybewecanhaveshort,funactivities,liketryingsimpleBeijingOperamovements(动作)ormakingeasyshadowpuppets,soitwon’tfeellikeextrawork.1．Whenshouldstudentssharetheirthoughtswiththeirclassteachersaccordingtothenotice?________________________________________________________________2．Whothinksdifferentlyfromtheothersaboutthenewclass?________________________________________________________________3．WhydoesWangHaothinkshadowpuppetryisagoodchoiceforthenewclass?________________________________________________________________4．AccordingtoMrs.Wei,howcantheschoolmakethenewclassrelaxing?________________________________________________________________5．Whatdoyouthinkofthenewclass?Whydoyouthinkso?________________________________________________________________八、阅读理解Davidusedtospendhisfreetimeplayingvideogamesalone.Hisparentswereworriedandoftentoldhimtogooutsidemore.Oneday,hiscousinLilyinvitedhimtojoinaweekendhikinggroup.“It’sjusttowalkinthehillsandenjoynature.Comeon,giveitago!”shesaid.Davidwasunsure.Hewasn’tsportyandfeltscaredtotrysomethingnewwithstrangers.ButLilyencouragedhimnottoworry.“Weallstartsomewhere.Thegroupleaderisagreatinstructor.He’stheretohelpeveryone,”sheadded.Davidfinallyagreedtogo.Thefirsthikewastiring.Davidwastheslowest,andhealmostdecidedtogiveuphalfway.Thegroupleader,Mr.Chen,walkedbesidehim.“You’redoingwell.Thepointistofinish,nottobethefastest,”hesaidwithasmile.ThosewordsmadeDaviddecidetokeepgoing.Tohissurprise,whentheyreachedthetop,theviewwasbreathtaking.Hefeltasenseofachievementhenevergotfromvideogames.Now,Davidlooksforwardtotheweeklyhikes.HehasmadenewfriendsandevenhelpsMr.Chenencourageotherbeginners.Helearnedthatsometimes,youneedsomeonetopushyoualittletodiscoverawholenewworldofjoy.1.WhydidDavid’sparentswanthimtogooutsidemore?A.Becausetheywantedhimtobuysomething.B.Becausetheywereworriedabouthimplayingvideogamesalonetoomuch.C.Becausetheydidn’tlikethevideogamesheplayed.D.Becausetheywantedhimtobecomeasportsstar.2.WhatwasDavid’smainworryaboutjoiningthehikinggroup?A.Thecostwastoohigh. B.Theweatherwouldbebad.C.Hewasnotsportyandscaredtotrynewthingswithstrangers. D.Hedidn’thavetherightshoes.3.Whatdidthegroupleader,Mr.Chen,dowhenDavidwantedtogiveup?A.HetoldDavidtorunfaster. B.HelaughedatDavid.C.HewalkedbesideDavidandencouragedhim. D.HeaskedDavidtowaitforothers.4.HowdidDavidfeelwhenhereachedthetopofthehill?A.Hefeltmoretiredthaneverbefore. B.Hefeltangryathiscousinforinvitinghim.C.Hefeltasenseofachievementandsawabeautifulview. D.Hefeltdisappointedbecausetheviewwasnotgood.5.WhatisthemainlessonDavidlearnedfromthisexperience?A.Videogamesarealwaysboring. B.Hikingisthebesthobbyforeveryone.C.Sometimesyouneedalittlepushfromotherstodiscovernewjoys.D.It’simportanttoalwaysbethefastest.II.语言点精练参考答案一、单项选择【答案】1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.B7.C8.C二、用所给单词的适当形式填空【答案】togo;laugh;torelax;nottostay;fly三、完成句子【答案】1.keep/protectourselvesfrom2.todo/playsports3.tocelebrate4.teach/taughtmyself5.tohavedinner四、完形填空【答案】【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好的好处、如何培养爱好及培养什么爱好。1．句意：一项研究发现，当人们参加放松的活动时，他们会更加积极。surprising令人惊讶的；relaxing令人轻松的；moving感人的；boring无聊的。根据“peoplearemorepositive(积极的)whentheytakepartina...activity”可知，是指参加令人放松的活动会让人更积极。故选B。2．句意：其它研究表明，爱好可以给你成就感。shown表明；told告诉；made制作；heard听说。根据“Otherstudies”可知，此处是指研究表明爱好可以给你成就感。故选A。3．句意：再次培养它或开始别的爱好。Putitup张贴；Thinkitup想出；Takeitup开始从事；Lookitup查阅。根据“Startwithwhatyouenjoyedinthepast.Didyouonceplayfootball?”可知，是指再次开始你过去喜欢的事情。故选C。4．句意：如果你发现它不适合你，停下来，转向新的东西。somethingold旧的东西；somethingnew新的东西；anythingnew任何新东西；anythingold任何旧的东西。根据“Ifyoufinditisn’tforyou”可知，如果你发现它不合适，应该停下来转向新的东西，句子是肯定句，用somethingnew。故选B。5．句意：也许加入一个班级或团队会给你一个认识其他人的机会。hand手；hug拥抱；try尝试；chance机会。根据“giveyoua...tomeetotherpeople.”可知，是给你认识其他人的机会。故选D。6．句意：跳舞是很好的运动。Singing唱；Swimming游泳；Dancing跳舞；Running跑步。根据“Areviewof94studiesfoundthatdancingthreetimesaweek”可知，此处是指跳舞。故选C。7．句意：一项对94项研究的回顾发现，一周跳三次舞可以提高老年人的平衡能力。improved提高；guided引导；stopped停止；fought战斗。根据“dancingthreetimesaweek...balanceinolderpeople.”可知，一周跳三次舞可以提高老年人的平衡能力。故选A。8．句意：走到大自然中是很有帮助的，不管你是徒步旅行还是做一些不太活跃的事情。whether是否；so所以；or或者；for为了。whether...or...“无论是……还是……”，固定结构。故选A。9．句意：学习乐器和阅读是最好的选择。places地方；choices选择；gifts礼物；ways方式。根据“Whichhobbieskeepyourmindactive?Learninganinstrumentandreadingarethebest...”可知，让你的思维活跃，学习乐器和阅读是最好的选择。故选B。10．句意：爱好让你忘记烦恼，玩得开心。find找到；kill消磨；forget忘记；wash洗。根据“Hobbiesletyou...yourworries”可知，爱好能够让你忘记烦恼。故选C。五、阅读还原【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.E5.F【解析】1.上文提到学校开始了“爱好探索周”，下文说“我”一直认为书法太难。这里需要一个句子来介绍这个周的具体内容或规则。C项“我们被鼓励选择一项新的活动去尝试”解释了该周的目的，并自然引出“我”对书法的看法，承上启下。2.上文是老师问“我”要不要试一试，下文是老师教“我”握笔。这里需要描述“我”对老师邀请的反应。A项“我很紧张，但我答应了”准确描述了从被邀请到开始尝试的过渡，符合逻辑。3.上文是“我”第一次尝试失败了，感到尴尬。下文是老师分享自己的经历并鼓励“我”。这里需要一个句子引入老师对“我”的反应。B项“老师看到了我的失望”解释了老师为什么会主动过来安慰和分享故事，是上下文的合理衔接。4.上文是“我”决定继续练习，下文是“我”专注于过程并开始喜欢墨香。这里需要一个句子具体说明“我”是如何“继续练习”的。E项“每天下午，我都花些时间练习单一的笔画”给出了“坚持练习”的具体行动，使叙述更充实，并引出了下文的感悟。5.上文总结了“我”在周末取得的进步，下文是“它教会我……”。这里需要一个句子来总结这段经历并对整个事件进行评价。F项“‘爱好探索周’对我来说是一次美妙的经历”是对整个事件的总结，并作为下文感悟的主语，符合结尾段的写作逻辑。D项内容（再次尝试滑冰）与本文主题（书法）不符，故为多余选项。六、选词填空【答案】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者与孩子沟通时遇到的问题以及如何通过成为一个更好的倾听者来改善亲子关系。1．句意：在我开口说话之前，我并不总是仔细思考。根据“Idon’talwaysthinkcarefully…Iopenmymouthtosaysomething.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指开口说话之前，并不总是仔细思考，before符合。故填before。2．句意：例如，我的孩子会告诉我一些让他们担心的事情。根据“Then,assoonastheirwordsareover,Ican’thelpspeakingwiththemlikethis”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指告诉我一些让他们担心的事情，用人称代词宾格me。故填me。3．句意：他们通常会阻止我，然后默默地离开。“stop”和“leave”是并列动作，and符合。故填and。4．句意：我只是想走进他们的生活，成为他们生活的一部分。bepartof…“成为……的一部分”，wanttodosth.“想做某事”，是固定搭配。故填be。5．句意：然而，他们想要的是一个倾听的耳朵和一颗开放的心。根据“Ijustwanttogetclosetothemand…partoftheirlives.Moreimportantly,Idon’twantthemtomakeanyunnecessarymistakes…whattheywantisalisteningearandanopenheart.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处句意发生了转折，However符合。故填However。6．句意：一天，我的一个朋友告诉我，她的儿子几乎不听她所有的话。根据“It’sliketalkingtoawall,”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指几乎不听她所有的话，words符合。故填words。7．句意：她还问我应该做什么来处理这件事。此处引导宾语从句，作“do”的宾语，what符合。故填what。8．句意：事实上，孩子们不是在寻求建议或帮助。根据“Infact,kidsarenotaskingfor…orhelp.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指寻求建议或帮助，“suggest”的名词形式“suggestion”是可数名词，此处用复数，表示泛指。故填suggestions。9．句意：正因为如此，我决定通过成为一个更好的倾听者来成为一个更好的家长。根据“becomeabetterparentbybeingabetterlistener”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指做出的决定，用过去分词形式decided，构成现在完成时。故填decided。10．句意：虽然这对我来说很难，但我正在路上。根据“I’mtryingtochangemyself.”以及“Althoughit’s…formeto