研究生入学考试英语写作能力题库及参考答案

研究生入学考试英语写作能力题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：研究生入学考试英语写作能力题库及参考答案考核对象：报考研究生的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Athesisstatementmustbeplacedattheendoftheintroductionparagraph.3.Itisacceptabletousecontractionsinformalacademicessays.4.TheAPAcitationstyleisprimarilyusedforsocialsciences.5.Plagiarismcanonlyoccurwhendirectlycopyingtextwithoutattribution.6.Afive-paragraphstructureistheonlyeffectivewaytoorganizeanessay.7.Transitionwordsareunnecessaryinwell-structuredacademicwriting.8.Theuseoffirst-personpronouns(e.g.,"I"or"we")isdiscouragedinresearchpapers.9.Aliteraturereviewshouldsummarizeallexistingstudieswithoutofferingcritique.10.Peerreviewisamandatorystepbeforesubmittingaresearchpaper.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommontransitionword?A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Because2.InMLAformat,whatisthecorrectwaytociteabookwithtwoauthors?A.(Author1&Author2,Year)B.(Author1andAuthor2,Year)C.(Author2,Author1,Year)D.(Author1,Author2,Year)3.Whichtenseismostcommonlyusedinaliteraturereview?A.PresenttenseB.PasttenseC.FuturetenseD.Presentperfecttense4.Whatistheprimarypurposeofathesisstatement?A.TosummarizetheessayB.TointroducethetopicC.TostatethemainargumentD.Toprovideevidence5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofastrongthesisstatement?A."Climatechangeisaproblem."B."Thispaperdiscussesclimatechange."C."Climatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivitiesandposessignificantriskstotheenvironment."D."Manypeoplebelieveclimatechangeisreal."6.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenanabstractandanintroduction?A.Abstractisoptional;introductionismandatoryB.Abstractsummarizestheentirepaper;introductionpresentsthebackgroundC.Abstractiswritteninthepasttense;introductioniswritteninthepresenttenseD.Abstractispublishedafterthepaper;introductionispublishedbefore7.Whichcitationstyleismostcommonlyusedinengineeringpapers?A.APAB.MLAC.IEEED.Chicago8.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusioninanacademicessay?A.TointroducenewevidenceB.TosummarizethemainpointsandrestatethethesisC.ToapologizeforanymistakesD.Toaskthereaderquestions9.Whichofthefollowingisacommongrammaticalerrorinacademicwriting?A.Run-onsentencesB.PassivevoiceC.CorrectpunctuationD.Parallelstructure10.Whatistherecommendedlengthforaliteraturereviewinaresearchpaper?A.1-2pagesB.5-10pagesC.EntirepaperD.Nolimit三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonelementsofawell-structuredintroduction?A.BackgroundinformationB.ThesisstatementC.CounterargumentsD.ResearchquestionE.Personalanecdotes2.Whatshouldbeincludedinanabstract?A.IntroductionB.MethodsC.ResultsD.ConclusionE.References3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofstrongtransitionwords?A.FirstlyB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.ThereforeE.Inconclusion4.WhatarethekeydifferencesbetweenAPAandMLAcitationstyles?A.APAusesin-textcitationswithauthor-year;MLAusesin-textcitationswithpagenumbersB.APAisusedforsocialsciences;MLAisusedforhumanitiesC.APArequiresareferencelist;MLArequiresaworkscitedpageD.APAusesanumericalsystem;MLAusesaletter-numbersystemE.APAismoredetailed;MLAismoreconcise5.Whichofthefollowingarecommongrammaticalerrorsinacademicwriting?A.Subject-verbagreementerrorsB.VerbtenseinconsistenciesC.IncorrectpunctuationD.ParallelstructureerrorsE.Overuseofpassivevoice6.Whatarethemaincomponentsofaresearchpaper?A.IntroductionB.LiteraturereviewC.MethodologyD.ResultsE.Discussion7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofstrongthesisstatements?A."Thispaperwillexploretheeffectsofclimatechangeonpolarbears."B."Climatechangeisasignificantissuethatrequiresimmediateaction."C."Thispaperarguesthatrenewableenergysourcesaremoresustainablethanfossilfuels."D."Manystudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities."E."Thegovernmentshouldimplementpoliciestoreducecarbonemissions."8.Whatarethebenefitsofusingtransitionwordsinacademicwriting?A.ImprovereadabilityB.EnhanceclarityC.ShowthelogicalflowofideasD.AddunnecessarywordsE.Maketheessaymoreinteresting9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinacademicwriting?A.PlagiarismB.PoororganizationC.OveruseofjargonD.InconsistentcitationstyleE.Usingfirst-personpronouns10.Whatshouldbeincludedinaconclusion?A.RestatethethesisB.SummarizethemainpointsC.IntroducenewevidenceD.ProviderecommendationsforfutureresearchE.Thankthereader四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Astudentwritesanessayontheimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.Theintroductionstartswithapersonalanecdoteaboutusingsocialmediaexcessivelyandthenmovestothethesisstatement:"Thispaperwillexplorehowsocialmediaaffectsmentalhealthandproposesolutionstomitigateitsnegativeimpacts."Questions:a.Istheintroductioneffective?Whyorwhynot?b.Whatcouldthestudentimproveintheintroduction?c.Provideanexampleofastrongerthesisstatementforthistopic.2.CaseStudy2Aresearchpaperincludesthefollowingsentence:"Manystudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities(Smith,2020;Johnson,2021)."Questions:a.IsthecitationstyleconsistentwithAPA?Ifnot,howshoulditbecorrected?b.Whatisthepurposeofincludingcitationsinthissentence?c.Provideanexampleofamoreeffectivewaytointegratecitationsandevidenceinacademicwriting.3.CaseStudy3Astudentwritesanessayontheimportanceofrenewableenergy.Theconclusionstates:"Inconclusion,renewableenergyisimportantbecauseitissustainableandreducespollution.Weshouldalluserenewableenergy."Questions:a.Istheconclusioneffective?Whyorwhynot?b.Whatcouldthestudentimproveintheconclusion?c.Provideanexampleofastrongerconclusionforthistopic.五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceoftransitionwordsinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofhowtransitionwordscanimprovetheclarityandflowofanessay.2.ExplainthekeydifferencesbetweenAPAandMLAcitationstyles.WhenwouldyouchoosetouseAPAoverMLA,andviceversa?Provideexamplestosupportyouranswer.标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×(Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinacademicwritingwhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.)2.×(Thethesisstatementshouldbeplacedatthebeginningoftheintroduction.)3.×(Contractionsshouldbeavoidedinformalacademicwriting.)4.√5.×(Plagiarismcanoccurwhenideasarenotproperlycited.)6.×(Therearemanyeffectivewaystoorganizeanessay.)7.×(Transitionwordshelpthereaderfollowthelogicalflowofideas.)8.×(First-personpronounsareacceptableinsomedisciplines,suchasqualitativeresearch.)9.×(Aliteraturereviewshouldcriticallyanalyzeexistingstudies.)10.√二、单选题1.E2.A3.A4.C5.C6.B7.C8.B9.A10.B三、多选题1.A,B,D2.B,C,D3.A,B,C,D4.A,B,C5.A,B,C,D,E6.A,B,C,D,E7.A,C8.A,B,C,E9.A,B,C,D,E10.A,B,D四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1a.Theintroductionisnoteffectivebecauseitstartswithapersonalanecdote,whichisnotappropriateforacademicwriting.b.Thestudentshouldremovethepersonalanecdoteandstartwithbackgroundinformationonsocialmediaandmentalhealth.c.Astrongerthesisstatement:"Thispaperwillanalyzethenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealthandproposeevidence-basedsolutionstomitigatetheseimpacts."2.CaseStudy2a.ThecitationstyleisnotconsistentwithAPA.Itshouldbecorrectedto:"Manystudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities(Smith,2020;Johnson,2021)."b.Thepurposeofincludingcitationsistoprovideevidencefortheclaimandgivecredittotheoriginalauthors.c.Amoreeffectiveway:"Researchindicatesthatclimatechangeisprimarilydrivenbyhumanactivities,asevidencedbystudiessuchasSmith(2020)andJohnson(2021)."3.CaseStudy3a.Theconclusionisnoteffectivebecauseitistoosimplisticanddoesnotprovideastrongclosingstatement.b.Thestudentshouldsummarizethemainpointsandofferafinalthoughtorcalltoaction.c.Astrongerconclusion:"Insummary,renewableenergyisasustainableandenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetofossilfuels.Bytransitioningtorenewableenergysources,wecanreducepollutionandcombatclimatechange,ensuringahealthierplanetforfuturegenerations."五、论述题1.