Unit4-Grammar-名师教学设计

12/12Unit4Grammar名师教学设计设计意图Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit,aimingtohelpstudentsgetabasicknowledgeofthegrammarinthisunit.Theemphasisofthisunitismainlyfocusedontheunderstandingandusageofthe-ingform.Therefore,teachersshouldcreaterelativelyrealcontexttopresentenoughsentencesforstudentstodrawaconclusionabouttherulesofhowtousethe-ingformastheattributeandadverbial.Meanwhile,teachersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeinexplainingthegrammarbutoffermoreopportunitiestostudentstopracticethiskindofgrammar.Thebestwaytolearngrammaristoputitintopractice.Inaddition,theexercisesdesignedoughttobesimpleandeasytodo,whichfitsthestudents’cognitiverulesandenhancestheirability.教学重点Enablestudentstogetfamiliarwithhowtomakegooduseofthe-ingformastheattributeandadverbial.教学难点Getstudentstograsptherulesofusingthe-ingformastheattributeandadverbialandhelpthemtoputtheserulesintotheirdailystudy.教学目标=1\*ROMANI.Helpstudentstoknowtherulesofthisgrammarpoint.1.The-ingformcanbeusedastheattribute.2.The-ingformcanbeusedastheadverbialoftime/reason/accompanying/result…=2\*ROMANII.Enablestudentstomakeuseoftherulestomakesentences.呈现新知Lead-inHello,everybody!Todaywewillcontinuetolearnthegrammar:The-ingformastheattributiveandadverbial.Sinceyouhavelearnedthefirstreadingpassageinthisunit,whichcontainsseveralsentencesdealingwiththe-ingform,lookthroughthefirstreadingpassage,writeoutthemissingpartoftheeightsentencesandpointouttheirfunctionsinthesentences.【尝试运用】完成句子1.Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,____________________,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear’sinternationalstudents.2.Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarea____________________.3.Istoodforaminute____________________andthenwenttogreetthem.4.Shesteppedback____________________andputupherhands.5.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancamein____________________.6.Justatthatmoment,however,Akirabowedsohisnosetouched____________________.7.WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashingthroughthedoor,sherecognizedTonyGarcia’s_______________face.8.Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalsoexpresstheirfeelings____________________.Suggestedanswers:1.representingouruniversity’sstudentassociation2.lookingaroundcuriously3.watchingthem4.appearingsurprised5.smiling6.George’smovinghand7.smiling8.usingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsandpostureTheteachergivesstudentsseveralminutestofinishthisexerciseandletsstudentsgivetheanswers.Atthesametimetheteacherwritesdownthekeywordsoftherulesontheblackboard.Whenstudentsgivetheiranswers,makesurethatthey:(1)Haveanunderstandingoftherules:the-ingformastheattributeandadverbial.(2)Knowthedifferencesbetweenthe-ingformastheattributeandadverbial.感受新知Well,lookattheeightsentencesaboveagainandtrytotellthedifferencebetweenthe-ingformusedastheattributeandthe-ingformastheadverbial.Someofyoumayfindsomedifficultyintellingthedifferenceintheusageofthe-ingform.Letmetellyouindetail.Theformisusedasanattributewhenitdescribesanoun(eg,l.6.7)andasanadverbialwhenitdescribesaverb(eg,2.3.4.5.8).Good,tillnowyoumusthaveunderstoodthatthe-ingformcanbeactedasanattributeandasanadverbial.Butwouldyouliketodifferentthemclearly?Let’sdothefollowingexercisestoidentifytheforminitstwousages.【尝试运用】Fillintheblanksusingthecorrectformofthefollowingverbs.observedeliverfocustouchapproachenjoydefendshake1.Heisapostman_____lettersfromdoortodoor.2.Whiletheprofessorwasdoingtheexperiment,theboysatthere_____carefully.3.Helosthislife_____thehonorofhisnation.4.Shesatbythewindows,_____thebeautifulsightsoutside.5.The_____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.6.Howattentivethestudentsare!Theyareallsittingstraight,_____theireyesonthescreen.7.Itisexcitingtowatch_____athletesreachtheotherendoftheswimmingpool.8.Theblindmanwalked_____thewallsofthebuilding.Suggestedanswers:1.delivering2.observing3.defending4.enjoying5.shaking6.focusing7.approaching8.touching归纳拓展Well,wehaveagoodunderstandingofusingthe-ingformastheattributeandadverbial.However,whenyouobservethesentencescontainingthe-ingform,youmayseetheirdifferentplacesinasentence.Nowthinkitoverandsaysomethingabouttheplacesofthe-ingforminasentence.Youaregiventhreeminutestofinishit。Afterstudentsfinishtheiranswers,theteacherandthestudentsmakeaconclusionasfollows:Generallyspeaking,whenasingle-ingformusedasanattribute,itcanbeplacedbeforeanounthatitmodifieswhilean-ingphrasemodifiesanoun,itcanbeputbehindthenoun.Asforthe-ingformusedasanadverbial,thereisnosetplaceforthem.Thatistosay,itcanbeputatthebeginningofasentence,inthemiddleofasentenceorattheendofasentencefreely.【尝试运用】=1\*ROMANI.Readthefollowingsentencesandfindoutthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart.1.Onthebedliesasleepingbaby.2.Thereisababysleepinginthebed.3.Lookingabout,hesawnothingaroundhim.4.Tomstoodthere,notmoving,andwaitedfortheapproachingbus.5.YouspeakEnglishverywell,consideringyouhaveonlybeenstudyingforayear.Ⅱ.AccordingtoChinese,fillintheblanksofthefollowingsentencesandfindouttheirfunctionsinthesentences.1.____________________(听到这个好消息),wewereallexcited.2.____________________(不知道他的地址),wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.3.Theteacherstoodthere,____________________(同另一个老师谈话).4.____________________(往右转),youwillfindthepostoffice.5.Iturnedoffthelight,____________________(所以什么也看不见).6.____________________(尽管相信他的话),westillthinkthathehasn’ttriedhisbest.7.Afteradiscussion,ourfamilywent____________________(购物)together.8.____________________(从她的外表看),sheseemstobeadoctor.Suggestedanswers:=1\*ROMANI.1.“Sleeping”isasingle-ingformwhichmodifiesthenoun“baby”,soitisplacedbeforethenoun“baby”.2.“Sleepinginthebed”isan-ingphrasemodifyinganounphrase“ababy”,soitisplacedbehindthenounphrase“ababy”.3.“Lookingabout”isplacedatthebeginningofthesentencebutitcanalsobeputattheendofthesentence.4.“Notmoving”modifiesthepredicate“stoodthere”,soitisputinthemiddleofthesentence.5.“Consideringyouhaveonlybeenstudyingforayear”inthesentenceisplacedattheendofthesentence,butitcanalsobeputatthebeginningofthesentence.=2\*ROMANII.1.HearingthegoodnewsHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialoftime.2.NotknowinghisaddressHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofreason.3.talkingwithanotherteacherHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofaccompanying.4.TurningtotherightHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofcondition.5.seeingnothingHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofresult.6.AdmittingwhathesaidHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofgivingin.7.shoppingHerethe-ingformisusedasanadverbialofpurpose.8.JudgingfromherappearanceHerethelogicalsubjectof“Judgingfromherappearance”isnotthesubjectofthemainsentence,soitisanexception.Havingfinishedthetwoexercises,studentsmusthaveagoodcommandofthisgrammar.Inthemeantime,theteachershouldwritesomerulesabouttheplacesofthe-ingforminthesentenceandtheirfunctionsontheblackboardtohelpstudentsstrengthentheunderstandingofthegrammar.巩固运用Tillnowstudentshaveunderstoodthegrammarfully.Putthegrammaticalrulesintopracticetoconsolidateit.I.单句改错1.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,saidnothingabouttheargument.2.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselftired,tokeeponyourfeet.3.Mikefoundhismissingcarinthestreetoutsidehishouselookednewlypolished.4.Lookoverthere-there’saverylong,windingpathleadsuptothehouse.5.Recentlyasurveycomparedpricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedaheateddebateamongcitizens.6.Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,somehadalifespanofaround20years.7.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,tomakeitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.8.Doyouwakeupeverymorningfeelenergeticandreadytostartanewday?9.Gatheraroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.10.Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifesaysshehadafall,Mr.Greenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.Ⅱ.单项填空1.(2014北京卷)Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople_____theopeningceremonyliveonTV.A.watch B.towatch C.watched D.watching2.Thelecture,_____at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A.starting B.beingstarted C.tostart D.tobestarted3.(2014大纲卷)Todaytherearemoreairplanes_____morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.tobecarrying4.Marklivesinabigpleasantroom_____approximately5metersby6meters.A.measures B.measuringC.tobemeasured D.havingmeasured5.(2014福建卷)_____thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A.Spending B.SpentC.Havingspent D.Tospend6.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_____away.A.run B.running C.torun D.ran7.(2014湖南卷)Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland;_____atthenightsky.A.tostare B.staring C.stared D.havingstared8._____howtoworkoutthedifficultphysicsproblem,heaskedtheteacherforhelp.A.Nottoknow B.NotknowingC.Knowingnot D.Notknown9.(2014江西卷)_____nearlyallourmoney,wecouldn’taffordtostayatahotel.A.Havingspent B.TospendC.Spent D.Tohavespent10._____manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.A.Havingbeentold B.HavingtoldC.Telling D.Told11.(2014山东卷)There’sanotepinnedtothedoor_____whentheshopwillopenagain.A.saying B.says C.said D.havingsaid12.(2013北京卷)_____thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.A.Find B.Finding C.Tofind D.Found13.(2013江苏卷)LionelMessi,_____therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear,isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.A.set B.setting C.toset D.havingset14.(2013湖南卷)Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,_____themountainingoldenlight.A.bathed B.bathingC.tohavebathed D.havingbathed15.(2013辽宁卷)LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome,therewasapileof_____mail_____forher.A.waited B.towait C.waiting D.waswaiting16.(2013山东卷)Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_____inonecorner.A.standing B.tostand C.stands D.stood17.(2013山东卷)_____atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.A.Havingeaten B.ToeatC.Eat D.Eating18.(2013四川卷)_____whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.A.Notknowing B.KnowingnotC.Notknown D.Knownnot19.(2013新课标Ⅱ卷)Igottotheofficeearlierthatday,_____the7:30trainfromPaddington.A.caught B.tohavecaughtC.tocatch D.havingcaught20.(2013新课标=1\*ROMANI卷)Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding,_____hard-edgedshadowsontheground.A.throwing B.beingthrown C.tothrow D.tobethrownSuggestedanswers:=1\*ROMANI.1.said→saying考查非谓语动词。句意：萨拉假装开心，对那次争论什么也没说。句中没有连词，故said改为saying，在句中是伴随状语。2.tokeep→keeping考查非谓语动词。句意：埃玛，你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。tokeep表示将来。makeyourselftired与keeponyourfeet同时进行，故tokeep改为keeping。3.looked→looking考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽车，看上去刚打过蜡。looked是谓语形式，但句中没有连词；looking表明车子的特性，作伴随状语，故looked改为looking。4.leads→leading考查非谓语动词。句意：看那儿，有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。leading作path的后置定语，相当于whichleads。5.compared→comparing考查非谓语动词。句意：最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论，该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。句子的主语是asurvey，谓语动词是hascaused，宾语是aheateddebate。由此可见，原句不缺主干成分，“pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的，作后置定语。由于prices作compare的宾语，是主动形式，故compared改为comparing。6.had→having考查独立主格结构。句意：令人惊讶的是，蝙蝠是长寿的动物，有些能活20年左右。had是谓语动词形式，题中没有连词，一个简单句中不能同时存在两个谓语动词，having是动词-ing形式表示伴随。7.tomake→making考查非谓语动词。句意：中国已经修建了许多高速公路，人们更加方便地从一个地点到另外一个地点旅游。tomake作目的状语，不符合句意；makingit…是动词-ing形式在句中作结果状语，但是此句中如果去掉inChina后的逗号，用tomake也是正确的。8.feel→feeling考查非谓语动词。句意：每天早上醒来后，你是否感到精力充沛，并为新的一天做好了准备?wakeup作句子的谓语，句中没有连词，因此用谓语动词feel是不对的。feel和you之间是主谓关系，故用feeling作伴随状语。9.Gather→Gathering考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们围绕在火堆旁边，与当地人一起跳舞。gather的动作由thetourists执行，用主动形式，并与dance同时进行，故用gathering，表示伴随。10.says→saying考查非谓语动词。句意：在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒后，格林先生立刻从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰phonecall，前后动词的动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用动词-ing形式，表示伴随。Ⅱ.1.D考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天晚上，好几百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的直播。此处为非谓语动词修饰people，且表示主动，故用现在分词形式，相当于一个定语从句whowatched.。2.A考查非谓语动词的用法。根据lastnight可知start已经发生，故排除C、D两项(不定式常表将来)，B项(beingdone)一般表示一个被动动作正在进行，也排除。Thelecture和start之间是主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作定语。3.B考查非谓语动词。句意：与以前相比，如今天空中有更多的飞机来运送更多的乘客。“_____morepeople”是定语，修饰airplanes。且airplanes和carry之间是主谓关系，因此B项正确。4.B考查动词-ing形式作定语。本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.“测量；估量”；也可以表示“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”。本句中的measure表示的就是第二层含义“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”；动词measure与前面的名词room构成逻辑上的主动关系，故使用动词-ing形式measuringapproximately5metersby6meters来修饰前面的名词room。句意；马克生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒服的房子里。故B项正确。5.C考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：作为交换生在香港待了一年，琳达看上去要比她的同龄人更成熟。分析句子结构可知，所填部分在句中作状语，且与句子的主语之间是主动关系，排除B项；根据句意可知，非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，故选C项。6.B考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式running与句中主语Janet为逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。句意：“你抓不住我！”珍妮特喊着，逃跑了。故B项正确，动词-ing形式作状语的用法需要注意动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。7.B考查非谓语动词。句意：没有什么乐趣能比得上躺在草地中央，凝望夜空。根据句意可知，“躺在草地中央”与“凝望夜空”是同时发生的动作，因此用现在分词形式作伴随状语。8.B考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意：不知道怎么解决这个难的物理问题，他向老师求助。因为he和know是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作状语，否定式是在动词-ing形式前面加not，选B项。9.A考查非谓语动词。句意：几乎把我们所有的钱都花光了，我们住不起旅馆了。分析句子结构可知，所填部分在句中作原因状语，与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。10.A考查非谓语动词。句意：他虽然被告诉过许多次但仍旧犯同样的错误。这里是非谓语动词作状语，havingdone在谓语动词之前发生表示主动。havingbeendone在谓语动词之前发生表示被动。故选A项。11.A考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处要用非谓语动词形式修饰前面