研究生入学考试英语词汇强化练习题库及参考答案

研究生入学考试英语词汇强化练习题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________研究生入学考试英语词汇强化练习题库及参考答案考核对象：报考研究生的英语考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）——总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）——总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theword"ubiquitous"meanssomethingthatispresenteverywhereatthesametime.（√）2."Pernicious"isapositiveadjectivemeaningbeneficial.（×）3."Serendipity"referstotheoccurrenceofeventsbychanceinahappyorbeneficialway.（√）4."Laudable"meansdeservingpraise,butitisoftenusedsarcastically.（×）5."Obfuscate"meanstomakesomethingclearandunderstandable.（×）6."Meticulous"describessomeonewhoiscarelessandsloppy.（×）7."Ephemeral"referstosomethinglastingforaveryshorttime.（√）8."Plethora"meansadeficiencyorlackofsomething.（×）9."Ineffable"describessomethingthatcanbeeasilyexpressedinwords.（×）10."Quintessential"meansrepresentingthemostperfectortypicalexampleofaqualityorclass.（√）---二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingwordsmeans"tocausesomeonetolaughinanunpleasantway"?A.AmuseB.MockC.DelightD.Compliment（参考答案：B）2.Theword"myopic"ismostsimilarinmeaningto:A.VisionaryB.ShortsightedC.FarsightedD.Blinded（参考答案：B）3.Whichwordbestdescribesapersonwhoisverycarefulandpaysgreatattentiontodetail?A.RecklessB.DiligentC.ApatheticD.Hasty（参考答案：B）4."Ubiquitous"ismostsimilarinmeaningto:A.RareB.CommonC.UniqueD.Hidden（参考答案：B）5.Theword"serendipity"ismostsimilarto:A.CoincidenceB.MisfortuneC.DeliberationD.Chaos（参考答案：A）6.Whichwordmeans"todeliberatelymakesomethingdifficulttounderstand"?A.ClarifyB.ObfuscateC.SimplifyD.Elucidate（参考答案：B）7."Pernicious"ismostsimilarto:A.HarmfulB.BeneficialC.HarmlessD.Mild（参考答案：A）8.Theword"ephemeral"ismostsimilarto:A.PermanentB.FleetingC.EnduringD.Stable（参考答案：B）9.Whichwordmeans"alargenumberoramountofsomething"?A.ScarcityB.PlenitudeC.DeficiencyD.Rarity（参考答案：B）10."Ineffable"ismostsimilarto:A.ExpressibleB.IncomprehensibleC.UnderstandableD.Articulate（参考答案：B）---三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingwordsaresynonymsfor"important"?A.SignificantB.TrivialC.CrucialD.MinorE.Essential（参考答案：A,C,E）2.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"careless"?A.ThoughtlessB.MeticulousC.NegligentD.AttentiveE.Precise（参考答案：A,C）3.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"quicklychangingdirection"?A.ErraticB.SteadyC.UnpredictableD.ConsistentE.Volatile（参考答案：A,C,E）4.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"extremelyhappy"?A.EcstaticB.MelancholyC.JoyfulD.GloomE.Delighted（参考答案：A,C,E）5.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"makingsomethingclear"?A.ElucidateB.ObscureC.ExplainD.ClarifyE.Confuse（参考答案：A,C,D）6.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"rare"?A.CommonB.UnusualC.InfrequentD.OrdinaryE.Rare（参考答案：B,C,E）7.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"strongandeffective"?A.PotentB.WeakC.EffectiveD.IneffectiveE.Strong（参考答案：A,C,E）8.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"makingaloudnoise"?A.RoarB.WhisperC.ShoutD.MumbleE.Yell（参考答案：A,C,E）9.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"makingprogress"?A.RegressB.AdvanceC.DeclineD.ImproveE.Progress（参考答案：B,D,E）10.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"makingsomethingdifficulttounderstand"?A.ObfuscateB.ClarifyC.ConfuseD.ElucidateE.Simplify（参考答案：A,C）---四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Ascientistisconductingresearchonanewdrug.Thedrugisdescribedas"ubiquitous"inthebody,meaningitispresenteverywhereatthesametime.However,thescientistnoticesthatthedrug'seffectsare"ephemeral,"lastingonlyashorttime.Thedrugisalso"meticulous"initstargetingofspecificcells,butitsoverallimpactisconsidered"pernicious"becauseithasharmfulsideeffects.Questions:a.Explainthemeaningof"ubiquitous"inthiscontext.b.Whymightthescientistdescribethedrug'seffectsas"ephemeral"?c.Howdoestheword"pernicious"reflectthedrug'snegativeaspects?Answer:a."Ubiquitous"heremeansthedrugisdistributedthroughoutthebodysimultaneously,affectingmultipleareasatonce.b.Thedrug'seffectsare"ephemeral"becausetheylastonlyashorttime,suggestinglimitedtherapeuticbenefit.c."Pernicious"indicatesthedrughasharmfuleffects,despiteitsprecisetargeting,makingitdangerous.2.CaseStudy2Awriterisdescribingacharacterwhoisalwaysinagoodmood.Thecharacterisoften"laughing,"butthewriterwantstoconveythatthelaughterisnotgenuine.Instead,thecharacteris"mocking"others,whichmakespeopleuncomfortable.Thewriteralsonotesthatthecharacteris"myopic,"meaningtheyonlyfocusonimmediatepleasureswithoutconsideringlong-termconsequences.Questions:a.Howdoestheword"mocking"differfrom"laughing"?b.Whymightthewriterdescribethecharacteras"myopic"?c.Whatdoesthecharacter'sbehaviorrevealabouttheirpersonality?Answer:a."Mocking"impliesmakingotherslaughinanunpleasantway,while"laughing"isneutralorpositive.b.Thecharacteris"myopic"becausetheylackforesight,focusingonlyonshort-termenjoyment.c.Thecharacterissuperficialandcruel,astheirlaughterisusedtohurtothers.3.CaseStudy3Abusinessmanagerisdiscussinganewprojectwithherteam.Sheemphasizesthattheprojectis"essential"forthecompany'sgrowthandsuccess.However,shealsowarnsthattheprojectis"risky,"andtheteammustbe"meticulous"toavoidmistakes.Themanagermentionsthattheproject'soutcomeisuncertain,butshebelievesithasthepotentialtobe"serendipitous,"meaningitcouldleadtounexpectedpositiveresults.Questions:a.Howdoestheword"essential"describetheproject'simportance?b.Whydoesthemanagerstresstheneedfor"meticulous"work?c.Whatdoes"serendipitous"suggestabouttheproject'sfuture?Answer:a."Essential"meanstheprojectiscrucialforthecompany'ssuccess,indicatingitshighpriority.b.Themanagerstresses"meticulous"worktominimizeerrors,giventheproject'srisks.c."Serendipitous"suggeststheprojectmightyieldunexpectedbenefits,addinganelementofluck.---五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Topic:Discusstheimportanceofunderstandingsynonymsandantonymsinacademicwriting.Provideexamplestoillustratehowmisusingthesewordscanaffecttheclarityofyourwriting.Answer:Understandingsynonymsandantonymsiscrucialinacademicwritingbecauseitenhancesprecisionandavoidsambiguity.Forexample,"happy"and"ecstatic"aresynonyms,but"ecstatic"conveysstrongeremotion.Misusingthemcanweakenyourmessage.Similarly,antonymslike"good"and"bad"havedistinctconnotations.Inaresearchpaper,describingaresultas"good"isvague,while"significant"or"positive"ismoreprecise.Properusageensuresyourwritingisclearandpersuasive.2.Topic:Explainhowthewords"ubiquitous"and"ephemeral"canbeusedtodescribemoderntechnology.Provideexamplesfromeverydaylifetosupportyourexplanation.Answer:"Ubiquitous"describestechnologythatiseverywhere,likesmartphonesorWi-Fi.Forexample,peopleusesmartphonesinhomes,offices,andpublicplaces,makingthemubiquitous."Ephemeral"describestechnologythatlastsbriefly,likesocialmediaposts.Atweetmaybereadforsecondsbutdisappearsquickly,makingitephemeral.Thesewordshelpusunderstandhowtechnologypermeatesdailylifebutalsohowitseffectscanbefleeting.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.√"Ubiquitous"meanspresenteverywhere.2.×"Pernicious"meansharmful.3.√"Serendipity"meanshappychance.4.×"Laudable"meanspraiseworthy.5.×"Obfuscate"meanstoconfuse.6.×"Meticulous"meanscareful.7.√"Ephemeral"meansshort-lived.8.×"Plethora"meansexcess.9.×"Ineffable"meansbeyondwords.10.√"Quintessential"meanstypical.二、单选题1.B"Mock"meanstolaughatsomeone.2.B"Myopic"meansshortsighted.3.B"Diligent"meanshardworking.4.B"Ubiquitous"meanscommon.5.A"Serendipity"meanscoincidence.6.B"Obfuscate"meanstoconfuse.7.A"Pernicious"meansharmful.8.B"Ephemeral"mean