上海研究生入学考试英语题库及参考答案

上海研究生入学考试英语题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________上海研究生入学考试英语题库及参考答案考核对象：报考上海高校研究生的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）——总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）——总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.（×）2.Itisacceptabletousecontractionsinformalessays.（×）3.Theword"affect"isaverb,while"effect"isanoun.（√）4.Punctuationmarkslikecommasandsemicolonsarenotnecessaryinshortsentences.（×）5.Thefirstletterofasentenceshouldalwaysbecapitalized,regardlessofitsposition.（√）6.Usingthepresenttenseismoreeffectivethanusingthepasttenseinscientificpapers.（×）7.Theword"there"isoftenunnecessarywhenintroducingatopic.（√）8.Itisadvisabletousepassivevoicewhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.（√）9.Thephrase"dueto"isinterchangeablewith"becauseof."（×）10.Informalwriting,thepronoun"I"shouldbeavoided.（×）---二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacommongrammaticalerrorinacademicwriting?A.Using"which"insteadof"that"B.ProperlyusingsemicolonsC.CapitalizingthefirstwordofasentenceD.Avoidingcontractionsinformalessays参考答案：A2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofathesisstatement?A.TosummarizetheentireessayB.TointroducethemainargumentC.ToprovideexamplesforthereaderD.Tostatetheauthor'spersonalopinion参考答案：B3.Whichtenseismostcommonlyusedinhistoricalresearchpapers?A.PresenttenseB.PasttenseC.FuturetenseD.Presentperfecttense参考答案：B4.Whatdoestheacronym"APA"standforinacademicwriting?A.AmericanPsychologicalAssociationB.AssociationofProfessionalAuthorsC.AcademicPublishingAssociationD.AmericanPublishingAssociation参考答案：A5.Whichofthefollowingisastrongtopicsentence?A."Theweatherwasnicetoday."B."Manyfactorscontributetoclimatechange."C."Ithinkdogsarebetterthancats."D."Thebookwasinteresting."参考答案：B6.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusioninanessay?A.TointroducenewevidenceB.TosummarizethemainpointsC.ToarguewiththethesisD.Toapologizeformistakes参考答案：B7.Whichofthefollowingisaformalwaytosay"because"?A.DuetoB.SinceC.AsaresultofD.Alloftheabove参考答案：D8.WhatisthecorrectwaytociteabookinAPAformat?A.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.B.Titleofthebook,Author,A.A.(Year).Publisher.C.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.D.Titleofthebook(Author,A.A.,Year).Publisher.参考答案：A9.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistakeinessaywriting?A.UsingtransitionwordsB.AvoidingrepetitionC.IncludingpersonalopinionsD.Properlycitingsources参考答案：C10.Whatisthepurposeofanabstractinaresearchpaper?A.ToprovidedetailedanalysisB.TosummarizethepaperC.TointroducetheauthorD.Toapologizeforlimitations参考答案：B---三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonpunctuationerrorsinacademicwriting?A.MissingcommasinaseriesB.IncorrectuseofsemicolonsC.OverusingexclamationpointsD.Propercapitalizationoftitles参考答案：A,B,C2.Whatshouldbeincludedinaformalessay?A.AclearthesisstatementB.PropercitationsC.PersonalanecdotesD.Logicaltransitions参考答案：A,B,D3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofformalacademiclanguage?A."Itisevidentthat..."B."Inmyopinion..."C."Thisstudydemonstrates..."D."Theresultsindicate..."参考答案：A,C,D4.Whatarethebenefitsofusingthepassivevoiceinscientificwriting?A.ItemphasizestheactionratherthantheactorB.ItismoreconciseC.ItismoresubjectiveD.Itismoreformal参考答案：A,B,D5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinthesisstatements?A.BeingtoobroadB.BeingtoospecificC.BeingtoovagueD.Beingtoolong参考答案：A,C,D6.Whatshouldbeavoidedinacademicwriting?A.ContractionsB.PassivevoiceC.JargonD.Propercitations参考答案：A,B,C7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofstrongtopicsentences?A."Thisessaywilldiscussclimatechange."B."Manyfactorscontributetoclimatechange,includinggreenhousegasemissions,deforestation,andindustrialactivities."C."Ibelieveclimatechangeisaseriousissue."D."Thetopicofthisessayisclimatechange."参考答案：B,D8.Whatarethecomponentsofawell-structuredparagraph?A.AtopicsentenceB.SupportingevidenceC.AconclusionsentenceD.Personalopinions参考答案：A,B,C9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesincitations?A.Missingtheauthor'snameB.IncorrectlyformattingthedateC.IncludingtoomanysourcesD.Properlycitingallsources参考答案：A,B10.Whatshouldbeincludedinanabstract?A.AbriefintroductionB.ThemainfindingsC.ThemethodologyD.Theauthor'spersonalopinion参考答案：A,B,C---四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Astudentwrotethefollowingsentenceinaresearchpaper:"Theexperimentwasconductedtotestthehypothesis."Question:Isthissentenceappropriateforacademicwriting?Whyorwhynot?答案：-Appropriateness:Yes,thissentenceisappropriateforacademicwriting.-Reason:Thepassivevoiceisusedheretoemphasizetheaction(theexperiment)ratherthantheactor(theresearchers).Thisiscommoninscientificwritingtomaintainobjectivity.2.CaseStudy2Astudentwrotethefollowingthesisstatement:"Thisessaywilltalkabouttheeffectsofsocialmediaonteenagers."Question:Whatiswrongwiththisthesisstatement,andhowcanitbeimproved?答案：-Issue:Thethesisstatementistoovagueandlacksaclearargument.-Improvement:"Thisessayarguesthatexcessivesocialmediausenegativelyimpactsteenagers'mentalhealthbyincreasinganxietyanddepression."3.CaseStudy3Astudentincludedthefollowingsentenceinaformalessay:"Ithinkthatdogsarebetterpetsthancatsbecausetheyaremoreloyal."Question:Whatiswrongwiththissentence,andhowcanitberevised?答案：-Issue:Thesentenceistooinformalandincludesapersonalopinion.-Revision:"Excessivesocialmediausehasbeenlinkedtoincreasedanxietyanddepressioninteenagers,asevidencedbyrecentstudies."---五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.EssayTopic:Discusstheimportanceofpropercitationsinacademicwriting.Provideexamplestosupportyourargument.答案：-ImportanceofProperCitations:Propercitationsareessentialinacademicwritingforseveralreasons.-AvoidingPlagiarism:Citationsgivecredittotheoriginalauthors,preventingplagiarism.-EnhancingCredibility:Theydemonstratethatthewriterhasresearchedthetopicthoroughly.-AllowingVerification:Readerscanverifythesourcesused.-Example:Inapaperonclimatechange,citingstudiesbyNASAandtheIPCCaddscredibility.-Conclusion:Propercitationsareacornerstoneofacademicintegrity.2.EssayTopic:Explainthedifferencebetweenactiveandpassivevoiceinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofwheneachshouldbeused.答案：-Activevs.PassiveVoice:-ActiveVoice:Thesubjectperformstheaction.(e.g.,"Theresearchersconductedtheexperiment.")-PassiveVoice:Thesubjectreceivestheaction.(e.g.,"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheresearchers.")-WhentoUseEach:-ActiveVoice:Usewhentheactorisimportantorunknown.(e.g.,"Thestudyfoundasignificantcorrelation.")-PassiveVoice:Usewhentheactorisirrelevantorunknown.(e.g.,"Thedatawasanalyzed.")-Conclusion:Choosingtherightvoiceenhancesclarityandconciseness.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×（Academicwritingallowspassivevoiceincertaincontexts.)2.×（Contractionsaregenerallyavoidedinformalessays.)3.√（Correctusage.)4.×（Punctuationisessentialforclarity.)5.√（Correctcapitalizationrule.)6.×（Pasttenseisoftenusedinhistoricalresearch.)7.√（Redundantusageshouldbeavoided.)8.√（Passivevoiceisusefulwhentheactorisirrelevant.)9.×（"Dueto"ismoreformalthan"becauseof.")10.×（"I"isacceptableinformalwritingwhennecessary.)二、单选题1.A（"Which"isoftenusedincorrectlyinsteadof"that.")2.B（Thethesisstatementpresentsthemainargument.)3.B（Pasttenseisstandardforhistoricalevents.)4.A（APAstandsfortheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.)5.B（Strongtopicsentencesarespecificandinformative.)6.B（Theconclusionsummarizesthemainpoints.)7.D（Alloptionsareformalalternativesto"because.")8.A（CorrectAPAcitationformat.)9.C（Personalopinionsaregenerallyavoidedinacademicwriting.)10.B（Theabstractsummarizesthepaper.)三、多选题1.A,B,C（Missingcommas,incorrectsemicolons,andoverusingexclamationpointsarecommonerrors.)2.A,B,D（Aclearthesis,propercitations,andlogicaltransitionsareessential.)3.A,C,D（Formallanguageincludesphraseslike"Itisevidentthat..."and"Thisstudydemonstrates...")4.A,B,D（Passivevoiceemphasizestheaction,isconcise,andisformal.)5.A,C,D（Broad,vague,andlengthythesisstatementsareweak.)6.A,B,C（Contractions,passivevoice,andjargonaregenerallyavoided.)7.B,D（Strongtopicsentencesarespecificandinformative.)8.A,B,C（Atopicsentence,supportingevidence,andaconclusionsentencearekey.)9.A,B（Missingtheauthor'snameandincorrectlyformattingthedatearecommoncitationerrors.)10.A,B,C（Anabstractincludesanintroduction,mainfindings,andmethodology.)四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1-Answer:Thesentenceisappropriatebecausethepassivevoiceemphasizestheexperimentratherthantheresearchers,maintainingobjectivity.2.CaseStudy2-Issue:Theth