专业英语四八级真题翻译能力题库及参考答案

专业英语四八级真题翻译能力题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：专业英语四八级真题翻译能力题库及参考答案考核对象：英语专业学生及备考人员题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thetranslationofidiomsshouldalwaysbeliteraltopreserveculturalnuances.2.Technicaltranslationrequiresahighlevelofsubject-specificterminologyknowledge.3.Thepassivevoiceismoresuitableforformaltranslationthantheactivevoice.4.Culturalreferencesintranslationshouldberetainedwithoutexplanation.5.Machinetranslationcanfullyreplacehumantranslatorsinallcontexts.6.Sourcetextreadabilitysignificantlyaffectstranslationquality.7.Translationmemorytoolsareprimarilyusedforliterarytranslations.8.footnotesareunnecessaryintranslationsofscientificarticles.9.Thetargetaudience’slinguisticproficiencydeterminestranslationstyle.10.Historicaldocumentsrequiretranslatorstobewell-versedinthetargetlanguage’setymology.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommontranslationstrategyforhandlingculturalterms?A.LiteraltranslationB.FunctionalequivalenceC.CulturaladaptationD.Grammaticalconversion2.Inlegaltranslation,whichtermbestdescribesthegoalofpreservinglegalintent?A.FidelityB.FluencyC.AccuracyD.Creativity3.Theterm"loanword"refersto:A.AwordborrowedfromanotherlanguageB.AwordthatbecomesarchaicinthesourcelanguageC.AwordthatisexclusivelyusedintechnicaldocumentsD.Awordthatisinventedbythetranslator4.Whichtranslationmethodinvolvesrestructuringsentencestomatchtargetlanguagenorms?A.DirecttranslationB.IndirecttranslationC.AdaptationD.Compensation5.Thetranslationof"déjàvu"into"asenseoffamiliarity"exemplifies:A.LiteraltranslationB.ConceptualequivalenceC.CulturalsubstitutionD.Idiomaticconversion6.Inmedicaltranslation,whichtermdenotestheprecisionofterminology?A.ColloquialismB.TerminologyC.RegisterD.Jargon7.Thephrase"breaktheice"isbesttranslatedas:A."Startaconversation"B."Causeadisturbance"C."Makeajoke"D."Createaconflict"8.WhichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleofSkopostheory?A.Thesourcetextmustbepreservedverbatim.B.Thetranslationshouldprioritizethetargetaudience’sneeds.C.Thetranslatormustbefluentinbothlanguages.D.Thetargettextshouldmimicthesourcetext’sstyle.9.Thetranslationoftechnicalmanualsoftenrequires:A.Creativelibertiestoenhancereadability.B.Simplifiedlanguagetoappealtoabroadaudience.C.Preciseterminologytoensureaccuracy.D.Exaggeratedmetaphorstoengagethereader.10.Theterm"glossary"refersto:A.Alistoftranslatedterms.B.Asummaryofthesourcetext.C.Acritiqueofthetranslationprocess.D.Alistofidiomaticexpressions.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whatarecommonchallengesinliterarytranslation?A.PreservingstylisticdevicesB.HandlingmetaphoricallanguageC.MaintainingsourcetextlengthD.BalancingreadabilityandfidelityE.Ignoringculturalcontext2.Whichtoolsareusefulfortechnicaltranslation?A.TranslationmemorysoftwareB.CAT(Computer-AssistedTranslation)toolsC.GlossariesD.MachinetranslationenginesE.Handhelddictionaries3.Thetranslationofhistoricaldocumentsrequires:A.KnowledgeofhistoricalcontextB.FamiliaritywitharchaiclanguageC.CreativeinterpretationofambiguoustermsD.StrictadherencetomodernidiomsE.Historicalaccuracy4.Whatarethebenefitsofusingfootnotesintranslation?A.Theyprovideadditionalcontext.B.Theyimprovereadability.C.Theyavoidclutteringthemaintext.D.Theyenhancethetargettext’sstyle.E.Theyaremandatoryinacademictranslations.5.Whichtranslationstrategiesareusedformarketingmaterials?A.LocalizationB.FunctionalequivalenceC.LiteraltranslationD.CulturaladaptationE.Grammaticalconversion6.Thetranslationofscientificarticlesofteninvolves:A.ComplexterminologyB.PassivevoiceusageC.TechnicaljargonD.SimplifiedlanguageE.Abstractconcepts7.Whataretheconsequencesofpoortranslationinlegalcontexts?A.MisinterpretationoflawsB.FinancialdisputesC.LossofcredibilityD.LegalcomplicationsE.Improvedclientsatisfaction8.Thetranslationofidiomscanbeapproachedby:A.LiteraltranslationB.CulturalsubstitutionC.FunctionalequivalenceD.AddingexplanatorynotesE.Ignoringtheidiom’smeaning9.Machinetranslationislimitedby:A.ContextualunderstandingB.CulturalnuancesC.TechnicalterminologyD.SentencestructureE.Humancreativity10.Whatarethekeydifferencesbetweentranslationandinterpretation?A.Medium(writtenvs.spoken)B.Duration(short-termvs.long-term)C.Context(formalvs.informal)D.TrainingrequirementsE.Outcome(textvs.speech)四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudySourceText:"Thecompany’spolicyonemployeebenefitsisdesignedtofosterasenseofsecurityandloyalty."TargetLanguage:ChineseTaskTranslatethesentencewhileensuringitconveystheintendedmeaninginaculturallyappropriatemanner.2.CaseStudySourceText:"Thepharmaceuticaltrial’sresultsindicateastatisticallysignificantreductioninsymptomseverityamongparticipants."TargetLanguage:SpanishTaskTranslatethesentencewithprecision,focusingonmedicalterminologyandformaltone.3.CaseStudySourceText:"Theproverb‘actionsspeaklouderthanwords’emphasizestheimportanceofdeedsoverpromises."TargetLanguage:JapaneseTaskTranslatetheproverbwhilepreservingitsculturalandphilosophicalessence.五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.EssayTopicDiscusstheroleofculturalawarenessintranslation.Provideexamplesofhowculturalknowledgecanenhancetranslationquality.2.EssayTopicCompareandcontrastthechallengesoftranslatingtechnicaldocumentsversusliteraryworks.Highlightkeydifferencesintranslationstrategiesandoutcomes.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×Literaltranslationmayloseculturalnuances;functionalequivalenceisoftenpreferred.2.√Technicaltranslationdemandsspecializedterminologyknowledge.3.×Theactivevoicecanbemoreconciseanddirectinformaltranslation.4.×Culturalreferencesshouldbeexplainedoradaptedforclarity.5.×Machinetranslationlackshumanjudgmentandcreativity.6.√Sourcetextreadabilityimpactstranslationefficiencyandaccuracy.7.×Translationmemorytoolsarewidelyusedinalltypesoftranslation.8.×Footnotesclarifytechnicaltermsandhistoricalreferences.9.√Thetargetaudience’sproficiencyinfluencestranslationstyle(e.g.,formalvs.informal).10.√Historicaldocumentsrequireetymologicalknowledgetomaintainaccuracy.二、单选题1.DGrammaticalconversionisnotaprimarystrategyforculturalterms.2.AFidelityensureslegalintentispreserved.3.ALoanwordsarewordsadoptedfromotherlanguages.4.BIndirecttranslationinvolvesrestructuringfortargetlanguagenorms.5.BConceptualequivalenceprioritizesmeaningoverliteralness.6.BTerminologyreferstospecializedvocabularyintechnicalfields.7.A"Breaktheice"translatesto"startaconversation."8.BSkopostheoryprioritizesthetargetaudience’sneeds.9.CTechnicalmanualsrequirepreciseterminology.10.AGlossarieslisttranslatedterms.三、多选题1.A,B,DLiterarytranslationbalancesstyle,metaphor,andreadability.2.A,B,C,ECATtools,glossaries,anddictionariesaidtechnicaltranslation.3.A,B,C,EHistoricaltranslationrequirescontext,archaiclanguage,andaccuracy.4.A,B,C,EFootnotesprovidecontextwithoutclutteringthetext.5.A,B,D,EMarketingtranslationfocusesonlocalization,equivalence,andculturaladaptation.6.A,B,C,EScientifictranslationinvolvescomplexterms,passivevoice,andabstractconcepts.7.A,B,C,DPoorlegaltranslationcanleadtomisinterpretationanddisputes.8.A,B,C,DIdiomscanbetranslatedliterally,substituted,explained,oradapted.9.A,B,C,DMachinetranslationstruggleswithcontext,culture,andtechnicalterms.10.A,B,C,D,ETranslationdiffersfrominterpretationinmedium,duration,context,training,andoutcome.四、案例分析1.Translation中文："公司员工福利政策旨在营造安全感和忠诚度。"解析-"Fosterasenseofsecurityandloyalty"istranslatedas"营造安全感和忠诚度"toconveymutualbenefit.-Thepassivevoice("isdesigned")ismaintainedinChineseforformality.2.Translation西班牙语："Losresultadosdelensayofarmacéuticoindicanunareducciónestadísticamentesignificativadelagravedaddelossíntomasentrelosparticipantes."解析-Technicalterms("statisticallysignificant,""symptomseverity")aretranslatedprecisely.-Thepassivevoiceispreservedtoalignwithscientificwritingnorms.3.Translation日语："「行動は言葉よりも力強い」この諺は、行為の重要性を約束と約束の上に強調しています。"解析-TheproverbistranslatedliterallywhileadaptingthestructuretoJapanesesyntax.-Thephilosophicalessenceispreservedthroughcontextualphrasing.五、论述题1.Essay