2025年新版侏罗纪听力试题及答案

2025年新版侏罗纪听力试题及答案（听力考试正式开始，请考生调整耳机，准备作答。）Part1ShortConversations（共5段对话，每段对话后有1个问题，录音播放一遍）Conversation1M:DidyoureadDr.Larson’slatestpaperonAllosaurus?Hearguestheyweren’tapexpredatorsbutscavengers.W:That’sabigshiftfromtheoldtheory.ButhisteamfoundtoothmarksonStegosaurusfossils—Allosaurusteeth,butthewoundswerealreadyhealing.SotheStegosaursurvivedtheattack,meaningtheAllosauruswasn’tkillingit,justscavenging?M:Exactly.Andbonedensityscansshowtheirskullscouldn’thandletheforceofalivepreystruggle.Q1:WhatisthemainpointofDr.Larson’snewresearch?Conversation2W:Themuseum’snewJurassicexhibithasaSpinosaurusskeleton.IthoughttheyonlylivedintheCretaceous.M:Mostdid,butthisspecimenwasfoundinUtah’sMorrisonFormation,datedto150millionyearsago—lateJurassic.Theteamusedzircongeochronologytoconfirmthestrata.W:Sothatpushestheirexistencebackby20millionyears.That’llrewritethetextbooks.Q2:WhatissignificantabouttheSpinosaurusspecimenmentioned?Conversation3M:WhyaretheresofewBrachiosaurusfossilscomparedtoApatosaurus?W:Theirnasalopeningsareontopoftheskull,whichsomethinkmeanstheylivednearwater.Iftheydiedinriverdeltas,sedimentwouldburythemquickly—butriversystemserodeovertime,destroyingfossils.Apatosaurspreferredfloodplains,wheresedimentsaccumulatesteadily.M:Sopreservationenvironmentmattersmorethanpopulationsize?Q3:WhatdoesthewomansuggestaboutBrachiosaurusfossilscarcity?Conversation4W:ThedronesurveyinPatagoniafoundanewfossilbed.Thethermalimagingshowedbone-likestructuresunder3metersofsediment.M:Anycluesonthespecies?Thearea’sknownforsauropods,butthesurveydetectedahighconcentrationofsmall,curvedbones—maybeCompsognathus?W:OrCoelurus—theyhadsimilarhindlimbstructures.We’llstartexcavatingnextmonth.Q4:Whataretheresearchersplanningtodonext?Conversation5M:TheT.rexinJurassicParkisfromtheCretaceous,butthemovie’ssetintheJurassic.Whythemix-up?W:Originally,theywantedAllosaurusasthemainpredator,but90sCGIcouldn’tmakeitlookmenacingenough.T.rexwasmoreiconic,evenifit’schronologicallywrong.Theproducersprioritizedaudiencerecognition.Q5:WhydoesJurassicParkfeatureT.rexdespitethetimeperioderror?Part2LongConversation（一段长对话，后有5个问题，录音播放一遍）W:Professor,I’mwritingapaperontheaccuracyofJurassicPark’sdinosaurbehavior.CanIaskyouafewquestions?M:Sure.Let’sstartwiththeVelociraptors.Inthemovie,they’repackhunterswithhighintelligence.W:Right.ButrealVelociraptorswerethesizeofturkeys,right?M:Yes,about1.8meterslong,notthe2.5-metergiantsinthefilm.That’sbecausetheyusedDeinonychusskeletonsforthedesign—Deinonychuswaslargerandmorecloselyrelatedtobirds.Asforpackhunting,there’sdebate.ADeinonychusbonebedinMontanahasmultipleindividuals,butsomearguetheydiedtogetherinaflood,nothunting.W:WhatabouttheTriceratopsillnessinthefirstmovie?Thevetsaysit’saplanttoxin.Isthatplausible?M:Interesting.Modernherbivoresdogetpoisonedbytoxicplants—koalashavespecializedliverstohandleeucalyptus.Jurassicplantslikecycadsproducedneurotoxins.IfaTriceratopsatetoomany,itcouldcausedigestiveissues.Themovie’spremiseispossible,thoughtherapidonsetofsymptomsisexaggerated.W:TheBrachiosaurusareshowneatingfromtreetops.Isthataccurate?M:Theirlongnecksandupward-facingteethsuggesttheywerehighbrowsers.Astudyin2023used3Dmodelingtosimulatetheirneckmovement—theycouldreachupto15meters,whichmatchestheheightofJurassicconifers.Sothatpart’sactuallyprettygood.W:Lastquestion:theSpinosaurusinJurassicWorld.It’sshownasmoreaquaticthantheT.rex.Isthereevidenceforthat?M:RecentfossilsfromMoroccoshowSpinosaurushaddensebones(likepenguins)forbuoyancy,andpaddle-likefeet.Itssnoutiscrocodilian,suitedforcatchingfish.Sothemovie’sportrayalofitasasemi-aquaticpredatorisbasedonreal2014–2020discoveries.ThoughitscombatwithT.rexisfictional—theynevercoexisted.Q6:WhatdoestheprofessorsayabouttheVelociraptorsinJurassicPark?Q7:Whydoestheprofessormentionkoalas?Q8:Whatdoesthe2023studyconfirmaboutBrachiosaurus?Q9:WhatfeatureofSpinosaurussupportsitssemi-aquaticlifestyle?Q10:WhatisfictionalabouttheSpinosaurus-T.rexcombatinJurassicWorld?Part3Lecture（一段学术讲座，后有10个问题，录音播放一遍）Goodmorning,everyone.Todaywe’lldiscussagroundbreaking2024studyonJurassicpaleoclimateanditsimpactondinosaurevolution.Fordecades,wethoughttheJurassicwasuniformlywarmandhumid,butnewdatafromAntarcticsedimentcorestellsadifferentstory.First,let’ssetthescene.TheJurassicperiod,201–145millionyearsago,sawthebreakupofPangaeaintoLaurasiaandGondwana.Thiscontinentaldriftaffectedoceancurrentsandatmosphericcirculation.Previously,mostclimatedatacamefromtheNorthernHemisphere,buttheAntarcticcores—drilled3kmbelowtheice—provideaSouthernHemisphereperspective.Thecorescontainfossilizedplanktonandoxygenisotopes,whichtracktemperature.Theresults?TheearlyJurassic(201–174mya)wasindeedhot,withaverageglobaltemps10°Chigherthantoday.ButthemiddleJurassic(174–163mya)sawacoolingtrend—tempsdropped4°Cover10millionyears.ThiscoolingwasdrivenbyincreasedvolcanicactivityinthePacific,whichreleasedsulfuraerosolsthatreflectedsunlight.Howdidthisaffectdinosaurs?Let’slookatsauropods.EarlyJurassicsauropods,likePlateosaurus,hadsimpleteethforstrippingleaves.BythemiddleJurassic,asconifersandcycads(whichhavetougherleaves)becamedominant,sauropodsevolvedmorecomplexteeth—Camarasaurushadspoon-shapedteethforcrushing,andDiplodocusdevelopedpencil-liketeethforraking.Theirdigestivesystemsalsochanged:fossilizedgastroliths(stomachstones)inmiddleJurassicsauropodsarelargerandsmoother,indicatingtheyneededtogrindtougherplantmaterialmoreefficiently.Theropods,too,wereimpacted.Thecoolingledtomoreseasonalrainfall,creatingfragmentedhabitats.Smallertheropods,likeMegalosaurus,adaptedtoforestedenvironmentswithshorterlimbsforagility.Largertheropods,suchasAllosaurus,evolvedlongerlegsforchasingpreyacrossopensavannasthatemergedasforeststhinned.Anotherkeyfinding:themiddleJurassiccoolingcoincidedwithaburstofdinosaurdiversity.Beforethecooling,60%ofdinosaurgeneraweresauropods.By165mya,sauropodsmadeup45%,whileornithischians(likeStegosaurus)andtheropodseachroseto25%.Thissuggestsclimatechangeactedasanevolutionarypressure,favoringspeciesthatcouldexploitnewniches.Now,awordonmethodology.TheAntarcticcoresweredatedusingargon-argondatingonvolcanicashlayerswithinthesediment.Theoxygenisotopeanalysisaccountedforicevolume—sincetherewerenopolaricecapsintheJurassic,allisotopechangesreflecttemperature,notice.ThismakesthedatamorereliablethanpreviousNorthernHemispherestudies,whichsometimesconflatedtemperatureandiceeffects.Inconclusion,theJurassicwasn’tastatic“ageofdinosaurs”—itwasadynamicperiodwhereclimateshiftsdroverapidevolutionarychange.Thisstudyremindsusthattounderstanddinosaursuccess,wemustlookbeyondtheirbiologytothechangingworldtheyinhabited.Q11:WhatwasthemainsourceofnewJurassicclimatedatamentioned?Q12:WhatcausedthemiddleJurassiccoolingaccordingtothelecture?Q13:HowdidCamarasaurusteethdifferfromPlateosaurusteeth?Q14:WhatdothegastrolithsofmiddleJurassicsauropodsindicate?Q15:WhatadaptationdidMegalosaurushaveforforestedhabitats?Q16:Whatpercentageofdinosaurgeneraweretheropodsby165mya?Q17:WhyistheAntarcticdatamorereliablethanpreviousNorthernHemispherestudies?Q18:Whatisthelecture’smainconclusionabouttheJurassicperiod?Q19:WhatmethodwasusedtodatetheAntarcticsedimentcores?Q20:WhattypeofplantsbecamedominantinthemiddleJurassic?答案及解析Part1Q1:Allosaurusmighthavebeenscavengersratherthanapexpredators.（对话中提到牙齿痕迹显示剑龙存活，且头骨无法承受捕猎压力，支持食腐论。）Q2:ItlivedinthelateJurassic,pushingthespecies’existenceback20millionyears.（标本来自莫里森组，年代确认晚侏罗世，改写生存时间。）Q3:Theirpreferredhabitat(riverdeltas)ledtopoorerfossilpreservation.（腕龙死于三角洲，沉积物易被侵蚀，而梁龙的泛滥平原更利于保存。）Q4:StartexcavatingthenewfossilbedinPatagonia.（对话结尾提到“下个月开始挖掘”。）Q5:T.rexwasmoreiconic,and90sCGIcouldn’tmakeAllosauruslookmenacing.（制片人优先考虑观众认知度和视觉效果。）Part2Q6:TheyweremodeledafterDeinonychusandlargerthanrealVelociraptors.（教授指出电影中的迅猛龙基于恐爪龙，体型更大。）Q7:Toexplainthatherbivorescanevolvetohandletoxicplants.（树袋熊的肝脏适应桉树叶，类比三角龙可能中毒。）Q8:Theirnecks