北京市初中升学统一考试英语真题题库及参考答案

北京市初中升学统一考试英语真题题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：北京市初中升学统一考试英语真题题库及参考答案考核对象：初中毕业生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.TheEarthisthelargestplanetinthesolarsystem.（×）2.Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevel.（√）3.Dinosaursbecameextinctabout65millionyearsago.（√）4.TheGreatWallofChinaisvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.（×）5.WilliamShakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.（×）6.Thehumanheartbeatsabout60to100timesperminute.（√）7.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejected.（√）8.TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury.（√）9.TheAmazonRiveristhelongestriverintheworld.（×）10.ThefirstpersontoreachthesummitofMountEverestwasSirEdmundHillary.（×）二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whatistheoppositeof"happy"?A.SadB.AngryC.ExcitedD.Tired参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingisarenewableenergysource?A.CoalB.NaturalgasC.SolarenergyD.Nuclearenergy参考答案：C3.Ifyouwanttobeadoctor,youshouldstudyhardin:A.PhysicsB.ChemistryC.BiologyD.Mathematics参考答案：C4.TheGreatBarrierReefislocatedin:A.AfricaB.AsiaC.AustraliaD.SouthAmerica参考答案：C5.Whichplanetisknownasthe"RedPlanet"?A.MarsB.JupiterC.VenusD.Saturn参考答案：A6.ThePyramidsofGizawerebuiltto:A.StoregrainB.ServeastombsforpharaohsC.WorshipgodsD.Tradewithothercountries参考答案：B7.Whatisthemainingredientinbread?A.SugarB.FlourC.ButterD.Salt参考答案：B8.TheTajMahalwasbuiltby:A.TheBritishB.TheFrenchC.TheMughalEmpireD.TheSpanish参考答案：C9.Whichanimalisknownforitsabilitytoswimlongdistances?A.LionB.ElephantC.DolphinD.Kangaroo参考答案：C10.Thefirstcomputerwasinventedinthe:A.18thcenturyB.19thcenturyC.20thcenturyD.21stcentury参考答案：B三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarerenewableresources?A.WindenergyB.FossilfuelsC.HydroelectricpowerD.Geothermalenergy参考答案：A,C,D2.Whatarethemainpartsofthehumanbody?A.HeartB.BrainC.LiverD.Bones参考答案：A,B,C,D3.ThefollowingarefamouslandmarksinEurope:A.TheColosseumB.TheLouvreC.StonehengeD.TheAcropolis参考答案：A,B4.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoffish?A.SharkB.GoldfishC.SnakeD.Tuna参考答案：A,B,D5.Thefollowingarecausesofclimatechange:A.DeforestationB.IndustrialpollutionC.RenewableenergyuseD.Caremissions参考答案：A,B,D6.Thefollowingarepartsofaplant:A.RootsB.LeavesC.FlowersD.Fish参考答案：A,B,C7.Thefollowingarefamousscientists:A.AlbertEinsteinB.MarieCurieC.IsaacNewtonD.LeonardodaVinci参考答案：A,B,C,D8.Thefollowingaretypesoftransportation:A.CarB.BicycleC.TrainD.Computer参考答案：A,B,C9.Thefollowingarereasonsforprotectingtheenvironment:A.TopreservewildlifeB.ToreducepollutionC.TosavemoneyD.Tomaintainecologicalbalance参考答案：A,B,D10.Thefollowingareimportanthistoricalevents:A.WorldWarIIB.TheMoonLandingC.TheIndustrialRevolutionD.Theinventionoftheinternet参考答案：A,B,C,D四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Acompanywantstolaunchaneweco-friendlyproduct.Theyconductasurveytofindoutwhatconsumersprefer.Theresultsshowthat60%preferproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials,25%preferproductswithminimalpackaging,and15%preferproductswithalowercarbonfootprint.Questions:a.Whatpercentageofconsumerspreferproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials?b.Whichistheleastpreferredoption?c.Whatcanthecompanydotoappealtomoreconsumers?参考答案：a.60%b.Productswithalowercarbonfootprintc.Thecompanycouldoffermoreproductswithminimalpackagingorhighlightthebenefitsofrecycledmaterialsmoreprominently.2.CaseStudy2Aschoolwantstoimproveitssportsfacilities.Theysurveystudentstofindoutwhatsportstheywouldliketohave.Theresultsareasfollows:-Soccer:40%-Basketball:30%-Tennis:20%-Swimming:10%Questions:a.Whichsportisthemostpopular?b.Howmanystudentspreferbasketballoverswimming?c.Whatshouldtheschoolconsiderwhenchoosingnewsportsfacilities?参考答案：a.Soccerb.20%(30%forbasketball-10%forswimming)c.Theschoolshouldconsiderthenumberofstudentsinterestedineachsport,thespaceavailable,andthecostofmaintainingdifferentfacilities.3.CaseStudy3Acitywantstoreduceitscarbonemissions.Theyproposethreesolutions:-Increasepublictransportation:50%support-Encouragecarpooling:30%support-Implementacarbontax:20%supportQuestions:a.Whichsolutionhasthemostsupport?b.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofincreasingpublictransportation?c.Whymightsomepeopleopposethecarbontax?参考答案：a.Increasepublictransportationb.Itcanreducetrafficcongestion,lowerpollution,andsavemoneyonfuel.c.Somepeoplemightopposeitbecauseitcouldincreasecostsforbusinessesandindividuals.五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Topic:TheImportanceofProtectingtheEnvironmentWriteanessaydiscussingwhyprotectingtheenvironmentiscrucialforthefutureofourplanet.Includeatleastthreereasonsandprovideexamples.参考答案：Protectingtheenvironmentiscrucialforthefutureofourplanet.First,ithelpspreservebiodiversity.Manyspeciesareendangeredduetohabitatloss,pollution,andclimatechange.Forexample,deforestationintheAmazonrainforestthreatenscountlessanimalspecies.Second,environmentalprotectionensurescleanairandwater.Airpollutioncanleadtorespiratorydiseases,whilewaterpollutioncanmakewaterunsafetodrink.Third,protectingtheenvironmenthelpsmitigateclimatechange.Renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowercanreducegreenhousegasemissions.Inconclusion,environmentalprotectionisessentialtomaintainthehealthofourplanetandthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.2.Topic:TheRoleofTechnologyinEducationDiscusshowtechnologyhaschangedthewaystudentslearn.Includeatleasttwoadvantagesandonedisadvantage.参考答案：Technologyhassignificantlychangedthewaystudentslearn.Oneadvantageisthatitprovidesaccesstoavastamountofinformation.Withtheinternet,studentscanresearchtopicsfromanywhere,anytime.Forexample,theycanuseonlineencyclopedias,academicjournals,andeducationalvideos.Anotheradvantageisthattechnologymakeslearningmoreinteractive.Toolslikevirtualrealityandeducationalappscanmakelearningmoreengaging.However,adisadvantageisthatitcanbedistracting.Smartphonesandsocialmediacandivertstudents'attentionfromtheirstudies.Inconclusion,whiletechnologyoffersmanybenefits,itisimportanttouseitwiselytoenhancelearning.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×（TheEarthisthethird-largestplanetinthesolarsystem.)2.√3.√4.×（TheGreatWallisnotvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.)5.×（Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthelate16thcentury.)6.√7.√8.√9.×（TheNileRiveristhelongestriverintheworld.)10.×（SirEdmundHillaryandTenzingNorgaywerethefirsttoreachthesummitofMountEverestin1953.)解析：Thesestatementstestbasicknowledgeofgeography,history,andscience.Studentsshouldbefamiliarwiththesefacts.二、单选题1.A（"Sad"istheoppositeof"happy.")2.C（Solarenergyisrenewable.)3.C（Biologyisessentialformedicalstudies.)4.C（TheGreatBarrierReefisinAustralia.)5.A（Marsappearsredduetoitsironoxidesurface.)6.B（ThePyramidswerebuiltastombsforpharaohs.)7.B（Flouristhemainingredientinbread.)8.C（TheTajMahalwasbuiltbytheMughalEmpire.)9.C（Dolphinsareknownfortheirswimmingabilities.)10.B（Thefirstcomputerwasinventedinthe19thcentury.)解析：Thesequestionscovergeneralknowledgeinscience,geography,andhistory.Studentsshouldhaveabroadunderstandingofthesetopics.三、多选题1.A,C,D（Wind,hydroelectric,andgeothermalarerenewable.)2.A,B,C,D（Heart,brain,liver,andbonesarepartsofthehumanbody.)3.A,B（TheColosseumandtheLouvreareinEurope.)4.A,B,D（Sharks,goldfish,andtunaarefish.)5.A,B,D（Deforestation,industrialpollution,andcaremissionscauseclimatechange.)6.A,B,C（Roots,leaves,andflowersarepartsofaplant.)7.A,B,C,D（Allarefamousscientists.)8.A,B,C（Cars,bicycles,andtrainsaremodesoftransportation.)9.A,B,D（Protectingwildlife,reducingpollution,andmaintainingecologicalbalancearereasonstoprotecttheenvironment.)10.A,B,C,D（Allaresignificanthistoricalevents.)解析：Thesequestionstesttheabilitytoidentifymultiplecorrectanswers.Studentsshouldcarefullyreadeachoptionandselectallthatapply.四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1a.60%b.Productswithalowercarbonfootprintc.Thecompanycouldoffermoreproductswithminimalpackagingorhighlightthebenefitsofrecycledmaterialsmoreprominently.解析：Studentsshouldanalyzethedataandprovidelogicalsuggestions.2.CaseStudy2a.Soccerb.20%c.Theschoolshouldconsiderthenumberofstudentsinterestedineachsport,thespaceavailable,andthecostofmaintainingdifferentfacilities.解析：Studentsshouldinterpretthesurveyresultsandofferpracticaladvice.3.CaseStudy3a.Increasepublictransportationb.Itcanreducetrafficcongestion,lowerpollution,andsavemoneyonfuel.c.Somepeoplemightopposeitbecauseitcouldincreasecostsforbusinessesandindividuals.解析：Studentsshouldunderstandthebenefitsandpotentialdrawbacksofeachsolution.五、论述题1.TheImportanceofProtectingtheEnvironmentProtectingtheenvironmentiscrucialforthefutureofourplanet.First,ithelpspreservebiodiversity.Manyspeciesareendangeredduetohabitatloss,pollution,andclimatechange.Forexample,deforestationintheAmazonrainforestthreatenscountlessanimalspecies.Second,environmentalprotectionensurescleanairandwater.Airpollutioncanleadtorespiratorydiseases,whilewaterpo