雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Pediatrics（汕头）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Thegrowthanddevelopmentarecontinuousprocess.Butdifferentsystemdevelopindependently.Afterbirththesystemwhichisthefirsttodevelopis:()ASkeletalsystemBBloodsystemCNeurologicalsystemDGastrointestinalsystemEReproductivesystem第2题Themostimportantfactorwhichaffectthegrowthis:()AhereditaryfactorBillnessCendocrineconditionDnutritionEexercise第3题Aone-year-oldboyisinyourofficeforaroutinewellchildexamination.Thebirthandfeedinghistoryareunremarkable.Hecanstandunaided.Whichofthefollowingisnormallynotexpectedatthisage?:()AHeadcontrolBSpeakbabaandmamaCIdentifyhisparentsDDrawshapesEHoldtoysbywholehand第1题Afterbirth，physiologicweightlosshappensbecausebabiesarebornwithextrafluidthatgetseliminatedafterbirth,whiletheirintakeisstilllow.ThisweightlossisnormalandnotaconcernunlessababylosesmorethanA5percentofhis/herbirthweightB10percentofhis/herbirthweightC15percentofhis/herbirthweightD20percentofhis/herbirthweightE25percentofhis/herbirthweight第2题ThefirstgrowthspurtofheightgainofaninfantisAFirst3monthsafterbirthB3-6monthsafterbirthC6-10monthsafterbirthD2-3yearsEPuberty第3题Toanalyzethegrowthofaninfantbasedonthisgrowthchart，yourconclusionis，AWeightwithinnormalvalueBBirthweightisnormalC3monthweightoverP50，overweightD7monthweightlessthanP50，wastingEWeightdroppedfromP50toP15，growthdeviationFWeightdroppedfromP50toP15，normalfluctuation正确答案：Eself-assessmentof1-3第1题A13-year-oldstudentpresentstotheemergencyroomwithaheadache.Onascaleof1to10,heratesthepaina9.Itstartedtwohoursagoandhasn’tgoneaway.Hehasneverhaditbefore.Hedeniesanyinjuryortrauma;hehasnomedicalconditionsthatarebeingtreated.Nothingmakesthepainbetterorworse.Whenquestionedfurther,hehasnoticednauseaandincreasedsweatingwiththepain.Basedonthisdescription,whichofthesevenattributesofthissymptomhavenotbeenaddressed?ARemittingorexacerbatingfactorsBQualityCSeverityDTiming第2题Anewborninfanthasa1-minuteApgarscoreof6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?AThisinfantisnormalBThisinfanthassomenervoussystemdepressionCThisinfanthasseveredepressionandrequiresimmediateresuscitationDThisinfantisathighriskforsubsequentcentralnervoussystemandotherorgansystemdysfunction第3题Duringexaminationofan8-mo-oldchild,thedifficultyofoptimalchestauscultationisdueprimarilyto:ARecentmealwithgastricdistentionBRapidrespiratoryrateCStrangeranxietyDTransmittednasalsoundsself-assessmentof2-1第1题AneonateisalivebabyfrombirthtoA1weekB2weekC3weekD4weekE1month第2题Withregardstothebirthweight，whichofthefollowingdescriptioniscorrect？AIftheInfant’sbirthweightislessthanthe3thpercentileofthesameGA,thebabyisthesmall-for-gestationalage(SGA).BIftheInfant’sbirthweightislessthanthe10thpercentileofthesameGA,thebabyisthesmall-for-gestationalage(SGA).CiftheweightismorethantheP75ofthesameGA,thebabyisalargeforgestationalage(LGA).DiftheweightismorethantheP85ofthesameGA,thebabyisalargeforgestationalage(LGA).EiftheweightismorethantheP95ofthesameGA,thebabyisalargeforgestationalage(LGA).第3题ThenormalrespiratoryrateofaneonateisA16-20/minB20-30/minC30-40/minD40-60/minE50-70/minself-assessmentof2-2（1）第1题ThevulnerableareaofpreterminfantunderhypoxicinjuryisAPeriventricularwhitematterBParasagittalregionCBrainstemDHypothalamusEBasalganglia第2题ThevulnerableareaoffullterminfantunderhypoxicinjuryisAPeriventricularwhitematterBParasagittalregionCBrainstemDHypothalamusEBasalganglia第3题Themostcommoncauseofhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathyisAGestationalhypertensionBPerinatalasphyxiaCHypoglycemiaDHyponatremiaEExtractionfetusself-assessmentof2-3（2）第1题Inordertodiagnosehypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE),themostimportantcriterionisAcranialCTBCranialMRICB-ultrosonicDEEGEClinicalpresentation正确答案：E第2题ThemostcommontimingofseizureactivityintheinfantwithHIEis:A0to6hoursoflifeBWithinthefirst24hoursoflifeC24to48hoursoflifeD>72hoursoflifeE1weekafterbirth第3题HIEisthebraindamageresultingfromhypoxiaand/orischemia.ThepatientwithgradeIHIEmaypresentswithvariousmanifestationsexcept,ALethargyBHyperactivetendonreflexCOveractiveMororeflexDPupilsdilationEFrequentseizure正确答案：E第4题TheadequatetherapeutictimewindowofhypothermiaforHIEisAWithin2hoursafterbirthBWithin6hoursafterbirthCWithin12hoursafterbirthDWithin24hoursafterbirthERightafterdiagnosisatanytimeself-assessmentof2-4（1）第1题Atermfemaleinfantisbornviarepeatcesareandeliveryandappearswell.Shehasapicturetakenat48hoursofage.Hertotalbilirubinconcentrationis10mg/dLwithadirectcomponentof0.4mg/dl.Ofthefollowing,themostcommonfactor(s)contributingtoindirecthyperbilirubinemiainthenewbornis:ADecreasedglucuronyltransferaseactivityBIncreasedenterohepaticcirculationCIncreasedredbloodcell(RBC)volumeandturnoverDAlloftheabove第2题A3-kgmaleinfantisbornat37weeks’gestationviauncomplicatedspontaneousvaginaldelivery.HisApgarscoresare8and9at1and5minutes,respectively.Hismother’sbloodtypeisOpositiveandtheinfant’sbloodtypeisApositive,Coombsnegative.Heisdischargedhomeatage2daysafteranuncomplicatedcourseintheNewbornNursery.At11daysold,hisfamilybringshimtothepediatrician’sofficebecausetheyareconcernedbytheyellowcolortohisskinandhisextremesleepiness.Thepediatricianfindsthathehasa“glowing”orangecolortohisskin,aweightlossof18%frombirth,andhasopisthotonus.Thebaby’sadmissionbilirubinlevelis38mg/dl.Thepediatricianemergentlyadmitstheinfanttothehospitalforfurthercare,includingintensivephototherapy,intravenoushydration,andadoublevolumeexchangetransfusion.Thepediatricianreviewsthedistinctionbetweenacutebilirubinencephalopathyandkernicterus.Selectthestatement(s)thatdescribe(s)theappropriateuseofthetermsacutebilirubinencephalopathyandkernicterus:AAcutebilirubinencephalopathyisseeninthefirstfewweeksoflife.BAcutebilirubinencephalopathyrepresentsacutemani-festationsofbilirubintoxicity.CKernicterusisatermthatdescribesthechronicandper-manentclinicalsequelaeofbilirubintoxicity.DAlloftheabove第3题A3-kgmaleinfantisbornat37weeks’gestationviauncomplicatedspontaneousvaginaldelivery.HisApgarscoresare8and9at1and5minutes,respectively.Hismother’sbloodtypeisOpositiveandtheinfant’sbloodtypeisApositive,Coombsnegative.Heisdischargedhomeatage2daysafteranuncomplicatedcourseintheNewbornNursery.At11daysold,hisfamilybringshimtothepediatrician’sofficebecausetheyareconcernedbytheyellowcolortohisskinandhisextremesleepiness.Thepediatricianfindsthathehasa“glowing”orangecolortohisskin,aweightlossof18%frombirth,andhasopisthotonus.Thebaby’sadmissionbilirubinlevelis38mg/dl.Thepediatricianemergentlyadmitstheinfanttothehospitalforfurthercare,includingintensivephototherapy,intravenoushydration,andadoublevolumeexchangetransfusion.Thepediatricianreviewsthedistinctionbetweenacutebilirubinencephalopathyandkernicterus.Selectthestatement(s)thatdescribe(s)theappropriateuseofthetermsacutebilirubinencephalopathyandkernicterus:Thepediatriciandiscussespotentiallong-termcomplicationswiththefamily.Ofthefollowing,potentiallong-termsequelaeforthisinfantis.ADentaldysplasiaBHearinglossCHigh-pitchedcryDAlloftheabove正确答案：ABself-assessmentof2-5（2）第1题Amaleinfantisbornviaspontaneousvaginaldeliverytoa27-year-oldwomanwithprenatalscreensasfollows:bloodtype—Opositive,Antibody—negative,HepatitisBsurfaceantigen—negative,Rubella—immune,RPR—nonreactive,HIV—negative,andGroupBStreptococcus—negative.Whenthebabyis12hoursold,thenursenoticesthatheissignifi-cantlyjaundiced.Heisotherwisewell-appearing.Thepediatri-cianagreeswiththenurse’sassessmentandordersabilirubinlevel,whichis11mg/dL(total)and0.5mg/dL(direct).Theinfant’slaboratoryresultsareasfollows:•Bloodtype:BpositivewithdirectCoombstestpositive.•Hematocrit:37%.•Reticulocytecount:13%.Selectthemostappropriatestep(s)inthemanagementoftheinfantinthisvignette:AImmediatelystartintensivephototherapyandprovideadequatehydrationBPrepareforpotentialuseofintravenousimmunoglobu-lin(IVIG)CIfphototherapyfailstopreventriseinbilirubintotoxiclevels,prepareforexchangetransfusionDAlloftheabove第2题Amaleinfantisbornviaspontaneousvaginaldeliverytoa27-year-oldwomanwithprenatalscreensasfollows:bloodtype—Opositive,Antibody—negative,HepatitisBsurfaceantigen—negative,Rubella—immune,RPR—nonreactive,HIV—negative,andGroupBStreptococcus—negative.Whenthebabyis12hoursold,thenursenoticesthatheissignifi-cantlyjaundiced.Heisotherwisewell-appearing.Thepediatri-cianagreeswiththenurse’sassessmentandordersabilirubinlevel,whichis11mg/dL(total)and0.5mg/dL(direct).Selecttheappropriatestudy(orstudies)intheevaluationofthisinfant.Morethanoneanswermaybeselected:ABloodtypeandCoombstestBCompletebloodcount(CBC)withdifferential,reticulo-cytecount,andperipheralsmearCLumbarpuncturetoassessformeningitisDNostudiesrequiredas~60%ofallnewbornwilldevelopjaundice正确答案：ABC第3题Amaleinfantisbornviaspontaneousvaginaldeliverytoa27-year-oldwomanwithprenatalscreensasfollows:bloodtype—Opositive,Antibody—negative,HepatitisBsurfaceantigen—negative,Rubella—immune,RPR—nonreactive,HIV—negative,andGroupBStreptococcus—negative.Whenthebabyis12hoursold,thenursenoticesthatheissignifi-cantlyjaundiced.Heisotherwisewell-appearing.Thepediatri-cianagreeswiththenurse’sassessmentandordersabilirubinlevel,whichis11mg/dL(total)and0.5mg/dL(direct).Theinfantwasmanagedappropriately,andthejaundiceimproved.Priortohisdischargefromthehospitalat1weekofage,thepediatricianreviewspotentialfuturesymptomswiththefamily.Ofthefollowing,possiblesymptom(s)thattheinfantinthisvignettemaydevelopis:ACyanosisandsweatingduringfeedingsBExtremepallor,tachycardia,anddecreasedactivityCLight-coloredstoolsDRecurrenceofjaundiceself-assessmentof2-6第1题whatisthedivisionofearlyorlateonsetneonatalsepsis?A2daysB3daysC4daysD1week第2题whatarethecommonsignsofneonatalsepsis?AfeverBpoorfeedingCreducedactivitiesDalltheabove第3题whatisthespecifictestofneonatalsepsis?Acerebrospinalfluid(CSF)cultureBbloodcultureCWhitebloodcellscountDCRP正确答案：ABself-assessmentof2-7（1）第1题ThecauseofneonatalrespiratorydistresssyndromeisAPSdeficiencyBinfectionChyperbilirubinemiaDhighbloodsugar第2题FactorsthatcanincreasetheriskofNRDSincludeAPrematuredeliveryBmaternaldiabetesCThesecondbabyoftwinsDMale正确答案：ABCD第3题PSissecretedbyATypeIpneumocyteBTypeIIpneumocyteCredbloodcellDmacrophagesself-assessmentof2-8（2）第1题Apregnantwomanpresentsat32weeks’gestationwithprematureruptureofmembranes.Theobstetricianorderstocolytics,antibiotics,anddexamethasone.Despitetocolytictherapy,thelaborprogressesandshedeliverslaterthatday.Afterbirth,theinfanthassevererespiratorydistressandcya-nosis,requiringintubation.Theneonatologyfellowmeetswiththeinfant’sparentstodiscusstheinfant’sexpectedclini-calcourse.Ofthefollowing,thetypicalclinicalcoursefoundinmostinfantswithsurfactantdeficiencyis:ADelayedrespiratorysymptomsininfantsexposedpre-natallytosteroidsBPeakseverityofillnessusuallyoccursat12to24hoursofageCRecoverybeginsat~72hoursofageDRespiratorysymptomsareinitiallyobservedat2to4hoursofage第2题Arespiratorytherapistadministerssurfactantthroughtheinfant’sendotrachealtube.Ofthefollowing,themostlikelyeffectofsyntheticsurfactantadministrationisto:ADecreasealveolarsurfacetensionBIncreasethepressureneededtokeepalveoliopenCMaintainbronchiolarpatencyDPreferentiallyimprovethesurfacetensionofcollapsedalveoli第3题Aftersurfactanttherapy,theinfant’sventilatorsupportdecreasessignificantlyandtheinfantisextubatedtocontinuouspositiveairwaypressure(CPAP)at8hoursofage.Ofthefollowing,theleastlikelystrategytodecreasetheseverityofrespiratorydistresssyndromeinpreterminfantsis:AAntenatalsteroidadministrationBAvoidanceofsupplementaloxygeninthedeliveryroomCEarlyCPAPDTocolysistodelaypretermbirthself-assessmentof3-1第1题Thedailyenergyrequirementofaninfant<1yisA60kcal/kgB80kcal/kgC100kcal/kgD150kcal/kgE180kcal/kg第2题WhichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutbreastmilkisNOTcorrect?AcontainsmorewheyproteinBrichinunsaturatedessentialfattyacidsChighinlactoseDBettercalciumtophosphorusratioof2to1EContainhighiron正确答案：E第3题TheappropriatetimeforsupplementaryfoodintroductionisA2-3monthsB4-6monthsC3-4monthsD6-8monthsE8-10months第4题a4-month-oldbabyweight6kg.Howmanyenergyandformuladoesheneedeveryday?A480kcal,850mlformulaB600kcal,550mlformulaC660kcal,850mlformulaD720kcal,1000mlformulaE900kcal,1050mlformulaself-assessmentof3-2第1题Whichofthefollowingconditionisnotthepotentialcauseformalnutrition?APretermdeliveryBDelayedsupplementaryfoodintroductionCInappropriateformulafeedingDAcutegastroenteritisERecoveryperiodofsevereinfection第2题Themostseriousandemergentcomplicationofproteinenergymalnutritionis，ALowweightgainBDisappearingoffattissueCNutritionalanemiaDHypothermiaEHypoglycemia第3题A8montholdgirl，wastakentothehospitalforfailuretothrive.Onexam,herweightwasANormalweightBOverweightCObesityDMildmalnutritionEModeratemalnutrition正确答案：第4题Whichofthefollowingtestsisthediagnostictestformalnutrition?ASerumproteinBSerumalbuminCPrealbuminDAnthropometryself-assessmentof4-1第1题A5-month-oldgirlisdiagnosedwithpneumonia.Shecannotbefed.Inordertomaintainfluidandelectrolytebalance,whichkindoffluidshouldbegivenAD51/2NSBD51/4NSCD51/3NSDD51/5NSENS第2题A10yearsoldboywhoweighs30kgisdiagnosedwithdigestivetracthemorrhage.Hecannotbefed.HowmanymaintenancefluidheshouldbegivenA1800ml/dayB1700ml/dayC2400ml/dayD2000ml/dayE1500ml/day第3题A2-month-oldgirlisdiagnosedwithcongenitalhypertrophicpyloricstenosis.Sheisgivenanasogastrictube.InordertoreplacelossofgastricfluidviaNGsuction,whichkindoffluidshouldbegiventothebabyAD51/2NS+30mmol/Lsodiumbicarbonate+20mEq/LKClBD51/2NS+20mmol/LKClCD5NS+20mmol/LKClDNS+10mmol/LKClENS+20mmo/LKClself-assessmentof4-2(2)第1题Anawake,alertinfantwith2-dayhistoryofdiarrheapresentswithadepressedfontanelle,tachycardia,sunkeneyes,andthelossofskinelasticity.TheappropriatepercentofdehydrationisA3to5%B6to9%C10to15%D5to10%E3to6%第2题8-month-oldgirlpresentswaterystoolfor3days,vomitingandanuriafor24hourrevealsalethargicgirlwithdeeplysunkeneyes,drymucosaandpoorskinturgor.Herextremitiesarecoolwithcapillaryrefilltimeof>5seconds,whichkindoffluidshouldbegiventothepatientfirstA10ml/kgnormalsalinewithin20minB20ml/kgnormalsalinewithin20minC30ml/kgnormalsalinewithin1dayD20ml/kg1/2normalsalinewithin20minE30ml/kg1/2normalsalinewithin1day第3题ThecorrectstatementregardingdehydrationwithNa+inserum170mmol/Land10percentlossofbodyweightincludesANeedforrapidintravenousrehydrationwith0.2%salineBInclusionofcalciumchlorideintheIVfluidisadvisedCDelayedreintroductionofregulardietDHaveearlyevidenceoflowbloodpressureECancausecentralnervoussystemhemorrhagesandthrombosis正确答案：Eself-assessmentof4-3(2)第1题A8-month-oldgirlpasswaterystools5timesafterdrinkingtoomuchsugaredbeverages.ThemicroscopicdetectionofthestoolsshowsnoWBCandRBC.ThemechanismofdiarrheainthisbabyisADiet-induced(osmotic)BElectrolytetransport-related(secretory)CMotility-relatedDInflammation-relatedENoneoftheabove第2题A4yearsboy,presentsbloodystoolandfeverfor2days,Physicalexaminationrevealsalethargicboywithabodytemperatureof38.5℃,withoutsignsofdehydration.ThemicroscopicdetectionofthestoolsshowsWBCandRBC.ThemechanismofdiarrheainthischildisADiet-induced(osmotic),BElectrolytetransport-related(secretory);CMotility-relatedDInflammation-relatedENoneoftheabove第3题10-years-oldboypassestonsofrice-waterstoolfor1day.Physicalexaminationrevealsalethargicboywithdeeplysunkeneyes,drymucosaandpoorskinturgor.Hisextremitiesarecoolwithcapillaryrefilltimeof>5second.Heisdiagnosedwithcholera.ThemechanismofdiarrheainthischildisADiet-induced(osmotic)BElectrolytetransport-related(secretory)CMotility-relatedDInflammation-relatedENoneoftheaboveself-assessmentof4-4（2）第1题A7-month-oldboypresentsbloodystoolandfeverfor5days,vomiting3times.Physicalexaminationrevealsalethargicboywithabodytemperatureof38.5℃,withoutsignsofdehydration.ThepathogencannotbeAShigellaBCampylobacterjejuniCEnteroinvasivee.coliDEnterotoxigenice.coliESalmonella第2题A10-month-oldgirlpresentsfeverandbloody,mucousdiarrheafor3days,vomiting3times,Physicalexaminationrevealsalethargicgirlwithabodytemperatureof38.5℃，withoutsignsofdehydration.ThemechanismofdiarrheainthischildisAInappropriatedietBIncreasedcAMPinsideofthemucousmembraneofsmallintestineCDeficiencyofsecretiveIgADDeficiencyofdigestiveenzymeEDirectinvasionoftheintestinalmucosa正确答案：E第3题A9-month-oldboyhasa2-dayhistoryofwaterystoolandpoorfeeding.Youdiagnosedehydrationwithmoderatedegree.Whichofthefollowingaresuitableforhim?ARehydrationwithi.v.dripandelectrolytessupplementBTostopfeedingCIVbolusofnormalsalineDIMantibioticsEOralrehydrationsalts正确答案：ETheRespiratorySystem&itsDisordersinChildren（1）第1题Clinicalfindingsareinfluencedbyachild'sdevelopmentalstage.Whichofthefollowingfeaturesofthephysicalexaminationismoststronglyinfluencedbydevelopmentalstage?ASkinturgorBRespiratoryrateCLungaerationDMitralvalveclosureEFontaneltension第2题Duringexaminationofan8-mo-oldchild,thedifficultyofoptimalchestauscultationisdueprimarilyto:ARecentmealwithgastricdistentionBRapidrespiratoryrateCStrangeranxietyDTransmittednasalsoundsEPliablechestwall第3题A12-yr-oldasthmaticboyhasdevelopedanasthmaexacerbationinthepastfewdays.Asthmasymptomshavecontinuedtoprogressdespitefrequentalbuteroluseathome.Hecomestotheemergencydepartmentwithchesttightness,dyspnea,andwheezing,andinmoderaterespiratorydistress.Inthissetting,managementshouldincludeallofthefollowingexcept:AClosemonitoringBSupplementaloxygenCInhaledalbuterolDTheophyllineESystemicglucocorticoidsPneumonia第1题A14-year-oldmalecomestoyourofficewith4-dayhistoryoffeverandcough.Chestx-rayfindingsincludebilateralpatchyinfiltrates.Oxygensaturationisnormal.Whatisthemostlikelyetiologyofhispneumonia?AStreptococcuspneumoniaeBStaphylococcusaureusCMycoplasmapneumoniaeDChlamydophilapsittaciEPneumocystisjiroveci第2题A5-year-oldboypresentstoyourofficewithfever,andincreasedworkofbreathingmanifestedbytachypneaandretractions.Achestx-rayconfirmslobarpneumonia.Whatisthemostlikelyetiologyofpneumoniainthisboy?AMycoplasmapneumoniaeBStreptococcuspyogenesCChlamydophilapneumoniaeDStreptococcuspneumoniaeEStaphylococcusepidermidis第3题A4-month-oldinfanthashadupperrespiratorysymptomsforafewdaysandpresentstotheemergencyroomwithrespiratorydistress,wheezing,andhypoxia.Youdiagnosebronchiolitis.Whatisthemostcommoncauseofbronchiolitisininfants?ARespiratorysyncytialvirusBParainfluenzavirusCCytomegalovirusDInfluenzavirusEHumanmetapneumovirusKawasakiDisease(KD)第1题AllofthefollowingstatementsregardingKawasakidiseasearetrueexcept:AItoccursinoutbreaksBExposuretoanaffectedpatientgreatlyincreasestheriskofthediseaseCAsianchildrenhavethehighestriskD80%ofpatientsareyoungerthan5yrofageEItistheleadingcauseofacquiredheartdiseaseinchildrenintheUnitedStates第2题PossiblecomplicationsofKawasakidiseaseincludeallofthefollowingexcept:AArthritisBSplenicruptureCSepticmeningitisDUrethritisEHydropsofthegallbladder第3题ThemostcommoncauseofdeathfromKawasakidiseaseintheearlyphaseofdiseaseis:AMyocardialinfarctionBRuptureofananeurysmCStrokeDMyocarditisEPericarditisViralMyocarditis第1题Whichofthefollowingisthemostcommonvirusthatcausesviralmyocarditis?ACoxsackievirusABCoxsackievirusBCCoronavirusDInfluenzavirusEAdenovirus第2题Allofthefollowingareinfectionstypicallycausedbyenterovirusesexcept:ANeonatalsepsisBOsteomyelitisCMyocarditisDHand,foot,andmouthdiseaseEMeningitis第3题A3-mo-oldfemaleinfanthasahistoryofpoorfeeding,shortnessofbreathduringfeedings,failuretothrive,andchroniccough.Physicalexaminationrevealstachycardiaandagalloprhythmbutnomurmur.Thereishepatomegalybutnocyanosis.Achestradiographrevealscardiomegaly.Themostappropriatediagnostictestis:AEchocardiogramBElectrocardiogramCBloodcultureDSerumaminoacidsEUrinepHNephroticSyndrome第1题Themostcommoncauseofprimarynephroticsyndromeis:AFocalsegmentalglomerularsclerosisBMembranoproliferativeglomerulonephritisCMembranousglomerulopathyDMinimalchangediseaseEIgAnephropathy第2题ThemostimportantpathologicchangeofnephroticsyndromeisAheavyproteinuriaBlowplasmaalbuminCedemaDerumlipid↑Ehematuria第3题Thefirstchoicemedicationforsimplenephriticsyndromeis:AdiureticsBAlbuminCCortisoneDCTXEPenicillin第4题Thepatientswithnephroticsyndromearevulnerabletoinfections.ThereasonsincludethefollowingEXCEPTAlossesofimmunoglobulinBlossescomplementfactorsCmalnutritioncausedbyproteinleakageDlackofpenicillinprophylaxisEmassiveedemaAcuteGlomerulonephritis第1题A9-year-oldboyispresentingwithpuppyfaceandheadachefor4days,brownurinefor2days.Hehadanupperrespiratoryinfectionwithsorethroataweekagofromwhichhecompletelyrecovered.Youarethejuniorpediatricianforthisboy.Onphysicalexamination,whichpointyouwillfocusmost?AbloodpressureBabdominalvascularmurmurCurethralopeningredorswollenornotDpercussioninthekidneyareaEtonsilexamiantion第2题whatisthemostpreferredlaborotoryexamination?AabdominalB-ultrasoundBECGCheadCTDchestX-rayEurinalysis正确答案：E第3题Afteradmission,theboyhadnourine.30minuteslater,hesuddenlypresentedorthopnoeaandpinksputum.Ralesonbothlungs.Thefollowingmedicationorprocedurecanbeuseful,EXCEPTAwaterrestrictionBsodiumrestrictionCivdiureticsDivdigitalisEdialysis第4题IfhisBPincreasedto150/100mmHg,andextremitiesspasmoccurred,whichofthefollowingtherapeuticmethodshouldbeusedinthefirstplace?AivdiureticsBorallynifedipineCivsodiumnitroprussideDmannitolEivdigitalisDevelopmentofHematopoieticSystem第1题TheprimarysiteofhematopoiesisinthefourthweekofgestationalageisAliverBspleenClymphnodesDyolksacEbonemarrow第2题Duringintrauterinelife,hematopoiesisusuallybeginsbyA3rdweekofgestationB5thweekofgestationC7thweekofgestationD9thweekofgestationE11thweekofgestation第3题UnderwhatcircumstancewillthechildneedpackedRBCinfusion?AHb<120g/LBHb<90g/LCHb<60g/LDHb<90%percentileofhis/herageEHb<85%percentileofhis/herage第4题PhysiologicanemiausuallyoccursinA2-3weeksafterbirthB3-4weeksafterbirthC2-3monthsafterbirthD4-6monthsafterbirthE24monthsafterbirthIronDeficiencyAnemia第1题TheMOSTprevalentanemiaintheworldisAthalassemiaBpyruvatekinasedeficiencyCB12deficiencyanemiaDDiamondBlackfananemiaEirondeficiencyanemia正确答案：E第2题Thebestdiagnosticstudyforirondeficiencyinanotherwisehealthychildwhoisnotformthethalassemiaprevalentarea，isAserumferritinBtherapeutictrialCserumironDbloodfilmEironbindingcapacity第3题Theearliestlabtestchangeafteroraliron,inirondeficiencyanemiaisAReticulocytosisBMCVincrementCincreasedhemoglobinDreductioninironbindingcapacityEIncreasedserumferritin第4题Inordertopreventirondeficiencyanemia,whichofthefollowingisthefirstsupplementapediatricianwillrecommenda6monthbreast-fedbaby?AMulti-vitaminsBFishliverCIron-fortifiedformulaDFormulamilkETraceelementliquidBacterialMeningitis第1题3-month-oldbaby,wassendtoERbecauseoffeverfor6days,repeatedvomitandfacialspasmforoneday.PE:T40℃,HR140bpm,RR50/min,conscious,bulgedanteriorfontanelle,stiffneck.Babinski'ssign(+).BCGscar(+).CBC:WBC16.6×109/L,N0.79,L0.21.Themostlikelydiagnosisis:AviralencephalitisBbacterialmeningitisCTBmeningitisDfugalmeningitisEbraintumor第2题Themostimportantexaminationforfurtherdiagnosisis:AlumbarpunctureforCSFBelectroencephalography（EEG）CbrainCTDTBantibodyEbloodbacterialculture第3题Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthetreatmentsforthepatient?AantibioticsBanti-tuberculosistherapyCintravenousmannitolDcortisonetherapy3-5daysEsedatives第4题Hydrocephalusisdividedintotwotypes:communicatingandnon-communicating.CommunicatinghydrocephalusinbacterialmeningitisiscausedbytheinflammationofAArachnoidvilliinsubacrachnoidspaceBChoroidinventriclesCBloodbrainbarrierDVesselsofPiamaterEVenoussinusTubercularMeningitis第1题ThemostsignificantdistinctionbetweentuberculousmeningitisandviralmeningitisisATransparencyofCSFBOpeningpressureofCSFCThecellcounts