雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Pharmacology（广州医科）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Drugis（）AAchemicalsubstanceBChemicalsubstancesthatcaninterferewithcellmetabolismCChemicalsubstancesusedtoprevent,treat,anddiagnosediseasesDSubstancesthatcanaffectthebody'sphysiologicalfunctionsESubstanceswithnourishing,healthcare,andhealingeffects第2题Pharmacologyistostudy（）APharmacokineticsBPharmacodynamicsCDrugsDPhysiologyrelatedtodrugsETheinteractionbetweendrugsandthebody,anditslaws正确答案：E第3题Theresearchobjectofpharmacologyis()AhumanbodyBbodyCAnimalpathologymodelDHealthysubjectsEHealthyanimals第1题Weakacidsareexcretedfasterin____urineandweakbasesareexcretedfasterin____urine.AAcidic;AlkalineBAlkaline;AcidicCAcidic;NeutralDNeutral;Alkaline第2题Forintravenous(IV)dosages,whatisthebioavailabilityassumedtobe?A0.25B0.5C0.75D1Testforchapter3第1题Thepharmacologicalbasisofadversedrugreactionsis()AOverdosingBLowselectivityofpharmacologicaleffectsCThepatientsufferedfromliverandkidneydysfunctionDTheplasmaconcentrationistoohighESpecialheterogeneousreaction第2题Theroleofatropineinthetreatmentofbiliarycolic,causingblurredvision,iscalled()AToxiceffectsBSideeffectsCTherapeuticeffectDAllergicreactionEStressreactionTestforchapter4第1题WhichofthefollowingisclassifiedasbelongtotheGproteincouplingreceptors?AGABAreceptorBβadrenergicreceptorCinsulinreceptorDnicotinicIIreceptor第2题Whichdirectionwouldanoncompetitiveantagonist(plusagonist)shiftthedoseresponsecurvewhencomparedtoafullagonist?AUpBTotheleftCTotherightDTotherightanddownTestforchapter1第1题Whichofthefollowingagonistswouldbeusedforcardiacarrest,heartblock,orheartfailure?Aα1-agonistBα2-agonistCβ1-agonistDβ3-agonist第2题WhichofthefollowingisNOTanindicationforβ-blockertherapy?AHypotensionBAnginapectorisCArrhythmiasDMyocardialinfarctionTestforchapter2第1题Whatispilocarpinemostcommonlyusedfor?AFordecreasingheartrateBTodecreasebloodpressure(vasodilation)CForurinaryretentionDDecreasingintraocularpressure第2题Whatistheactionmechanismofpilocarpine?AActivatingM,NreceptorsBBlockingM,NreceptorsSelectivelyCSelectivelyactivatingMreceptorDSelectivelyactivatingNreceptorTestforchapter3第1题Whichofthefollowingdrugswouldbeusedtotreatmyastheniagravis?AAtropineBNeostigmineCAcetylcholineDScopolamine第2题ThecontraindicationofneostigmineisAGlaucomaBParoxysmalsupraventriculartachycardiaCMyastheniagravisDMechanicalintestinalobstructionTestforchapter4第1题Themechanismoforganophosphatepoisoningis()AExcitingtheMreceptordirectlyBExcitingtheNreceptordirectlyCInhibitionofphosphodiesteraseDInhibitionofcholinesteraseEInhibitionofmonoamineoxidase第2题Thesymptomsoforganophosphatepoisoningthatdonotbelongtom-likesymptomsare()ACorestenomaBTears,salivationCAbdominalpainanddiarrheaDAmyostasiaEUrinaryincontinence第3题Diophosphoridineiodidesavesorganophosphatepoisoningbecause()AResurrectingcholinesteraseBresistingacetylcholineCBlockingtheMcholinereceptorDBlockingtheNcholinereceptorEResistingthetoxicityoforganophosphateestersTestforchapter5第1题Thepharmacologicalactionofpropranololinthetreatmentofarrhythmiaisbasedon()ABlockingβreceptorBMembranestabilizingactivityCNointrinsicsympathomimeticactivityDBlockingSodiumchannelENoneofthatistrue第2题Propranololdoesnothaveoneofthefollowingeffects?AInhibitionofreninsecretionBIncreasingglycogenbreakdownCInhibitinglipolysisDReducingtheoxygenconsumptionoftheheartEIncreaseingrespiratoryresistance第3题Whichdrug,givenintravenouslyafterintravenouspropranolol,showstheeffectofraisingbloodpressure?AEpinephrineBIsoprenalineCChlorpromazineDScopolamineENeostigmineTestforchapter6第1题Whichofthefollowingisanadverseaffectofatropine?AIncreasedsalivationBBlurredvisionCBradycardiaDDiaphoresis第2题Whattypeofdrugsareatropine,scopolamine,andpirenzepine?AAcetylcholineagonistsBMuscarinicagonistsCMuscarinicantagonistsDAcetylcholinesteraseinhibitorsTestforchapter7第1题whatdrugshouldbeusedtotreatuppergastrointestinalbleeding（）ANorepinephrineBDopamineCEphedrineDAdrenalineEClonidine第2题Whichofthefollowingisthemaineliminationrouteofnorepinephrineafterthereleasefromnerveendings（）AMetabolizedandinactivatedbyCOMTBMAOmetabolicinactivationCPresynapticmembranereuptakeDReuptakebytheliverEReuptakebyvascularsmoothmuscle第3题Regardingthenarrativeofnorepinephrine,whatiswrong（）APositiveinotropiceffectBWeaklyagonizeβlreceptorsCExcitatoryαreceptorDExcitingβ2receptorECanbeinactivatedbyMAOandCOMTTestforchapter8第1题Themainpurposeofthecompatibilityoftraceepinephrinewithlocalanestheticsis（）APreventanaphylacticshockBPreventhypotensionCLocalvasoconstrictionpromoteshemostasisDProlongtheactiontimeoflocalanestheticsandpreventabsorptionpoisoningEStrengthenanesthesia第2题Whichofthefollowingoptionsisnotacontraindicationtoadrenaline（）AhypertensionBdiabetesCHyperthyroidismDCardiogenicasthmaEBronchialAsthma正确答案：E第3题Treatmentofanaphylacticshockcausedbypenicillin，whichshouldbethefirstchoice（）AAdrenalineBNoadrenalineCEphedrineDDopamineEIsoproterenalineTestforchapter9第1题Whichcanbeusedtoeliminatenasalcongestioncausedbynasalmucosalcongestion（）ANoradrenalineBAdrenalineCIsoprenalineDEphedrineEDopamine第2题Comparedwithepinephrine,ephedrineischaracterizedby（）AStrongeffect,butnotlong-lasting,withexcitatorycentraleffectBTheboostingeffectisweak,long-lasting,easytocausetolerance,andhasacentralexcitatoryeffectCTheeffectisweak,themaintenancetimeisshort,andithastheeffectofrelaxingsmoothmuscleDOraladministrationcanavoidtolerabilityandcentralstimulusENovasodilatoreffect,longmaintenancetime,intolerableTestforchapter10第1题Severeatrioventricularblockshoulduse（）ANorepinephrineBAtropineCIsoprenalineDAdrenalineEAminophylline第2题Thepharmacologicaleffectsofisoproterenolare（）AExcittheheart,raisesystolicanddiastolicbloodpressure,relaxbronchialsmoothmuscleBExcittheheart,raisesystolicbloodpressure,lowerdiastolicbloodpressure,relaxbronchialsmoothmusclesCExcittheheart,lowersystolicanddiastolicbloodpressure,relaxbronchialsmoothmuscleDExcittheheart,raisesystolicanddiastolicbloodpressure,andcontractbronchialsmoothmuscleEInhibittheheart,reducesystolicanddiastolicbloodpressure,relaxbronchialsmoothmuscle第3题Whateffectdoesisoproterenolhavenotbutepinephrinedoes?（）ARelaxbronchialsmoothmuscleBExcitingβ2receptorCInhibitthereleaseofallergicmediatorssuchashistamineDPromotetheproductionofcAMPEContractionofbronchialmucosalbloodvessels正确答案：ETestforchapter11第1题PhentolaminecanmostlikelybeusedtotreatAPeripheralarterialspasmBAnginapectorisCArrhythmia

DHypertension第2题Whichofthefollowingdrugscanbeusedtotreatlowbloodpressureinducedbyphentolamine?AEpinephrineBNorepinephrineCAcetylcholineDNeostigmineTestforchapter1第1题ThedoseofantianxietyeffectofdiazepamisALowdoseoraladministrationBMediumdoseoraladministrationCHighdoseoraladministrationDintravenousinjection第2题ThefirstchoiceoftreatmentofepilepticstatusisAPhenobarbitalBDiazepamCEthosuximideDPhenytoinsodiumTestforchapter2第1题以下哪个是治疗失神性癫痫首选药物?A苯妥英钠B卡马西平C乙琥胺D静脉滴注地西泮第2题以下哪个是治疗癫痫持续状态首选药物?A丙戊酸B卡马西平C乙琥胺D静脉滴注地西泮Testforchapter3第1题WhichisNOTtrueforL-DOPAinPDtreatment?

AItcancrossthebloodbrainbarrieranddopaminecannot

BSmalldosesofL-DOPAarerequiredCL-DOPAisrapidlymetabolizedtodopaminebyDOPAdecarboxylaseDItismetabolicprecursorofdopamine第2题Thereasonforco-administrationofCarbidopatoL-DOPAis

ACarbidopaisadopamineagonistBCarbidopaisadopamineantagonistCCarbidopainhibitsDOPAdecarboxylationinthecentralDCarbidopainhibitsDOPAdecarboxylationintheperipheralTestforchapter4第1题WhatmedicineshouldbeusedtorescuechlorpromazineacutepoisoningAAdrenalineBNorepinephrineCEphedrineDIsoproterenol第2题Parkinson'ssyndromecausedbychlorpromazineisduetoAblockingMreceptorBblockingαreceptorCblockingD2receptorsinthemesencephalic-limbiclobeandmesencephalic-corticalpathwaysDblockingD2receptorinthenigra-striatumpathway第3题Drymouth,constipationandblurredvisioncausedbychlorpromazinecausesisduetoblockingMreceptorTestforchapter5第1题WhichisNOTthedrugactionofMorphine?ADehydrationBMiosisCAnalgesiaDEuphoria第2题WhichisNOTthesideeffectofMorphine?

ANauseaandvomitingBCoughCRespiratorydepressionDUrinaryretentionTestforchapter6第1题ThemainanalgesicsiteofantipyreticanalgesicsisAgliallayerofspinalcordBmedialthalamusCbrainstemDperiphery第2题ThecharacteristicsofaspirinareAItcaninactivatecyclooxygenaseandreduceTXA2productionBIthaseffectsofanti-inflammationandanti-rheumatismCItcaninhibituricacidproductionandpreventgoutDItcanlowerthebodytemperatureofnormalandfebrilepatients.正确答案：ABTestforchapter1第1题ThemostcommonadverseeffectofACEIis：ADrycoughBHeadacheCRespiratorysuppressionDHyperpotassium第2题WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutCaptopril?ADecreasesserumangiotensinIconcentrationBIncreasesserumangiotensinIIconcentrationCIncreasesserumsodiumconcentrationDIncreasesserumpotassiumconcentration第3题Ramiprilisclassifiedas:AAngiotensinconvertingenzymeinhibitor(ACEI)BAngiotensinreceptorblocker(ARB)CCalciumchannelblocker(CCB)DDiureticsTestforchapter2第1题WhatkindofmedicineisdiltiazemASodiumchannelblockersBCalciumchannelblockersCH1receptorblockerDH2receptorblocker第2题TheEnglishabbreviationofcalciumchannelblockerorcalciumantagonistisAACEIBCCBCARBDβ-RBTestforchapter3第1题Whatcancausea"cinchona"reactionisAAmiodaroneBPhenytoinsodiumCPropranololDQuinidine第2题ThebesttreatmentfortachyarrhythmiacausedbycardiacglycosidepoisoningAVerapamilBAmiodaroneCQuinidineDPhenytoinsodiumTestforchapter4第1题WhichdrugexertsadiureticeffectbycompetingforaldosteronereceptorsATriamtereneBSpironolactoneCAcetazolamideDBumetanide第2题ThefollowingdrugscaneasilycausehyperuricemiaASpironolactoneBTriamtereneCMannitolDHydrochlorothiazideTestforchapter5第1题Captoprilbelongstowhichclassofantihypertensivedrugs?Acentrally-actingsympatholyticBbeta-adrenoceptorantagonistCangiotensinIIconvertingenzymeinhibitorDangiotensinIIreceptorantagonist第2题Vascularsmoothmusclerelaxationbymeansofcalciumchannelblockade:Ahydralazine(Apresoline)Bnitroprussidesodium(Nipride)Cnifedipine(Procardia,Adalat)Dcaptopril(Capoten)Testforchapter6第1题Associatedwithcongestiveheartfailure,particularlywithadvanceddisease:AIncreasesintheventricularpreloadBIncreasesinpulmonarycapillarypressureCDyspneaDAlltheabove第2题Mostcommonsymptomofheartfailure:APeripheraledemaBDyspneaCPulmonaryhypertensionDAngina第3题ConcerningtheuseofACEinhibitorsinheartdisease:ABenefitsduetoreductionincirculatingangiotensinIIlevelsBContraindicatedindiabeticpatientsCContraindicatedinhypertensivepatientswithhypertrophicleftventriclesDReducesefficacyofdiuretictreatmentrequiringhigherdiureticdosagesTestforchapter7第1题Calciumchannelblockerwithmarkednegativeinotropiccardiaceffects:ADiltiazem(Cardiazem)BNifedipine(Procardia,Adalat)CAmlodipine(Norvasc)DAmrinone(Inocor)第2题Digoxin(Lanoxin,Lanoxicaps)clinicaluses:AAtrialfibrillationBAtrialflutterCCongestiveheartfailureDA,B&CTestforchapter8第1题WhichareNOTthedeterminantsofcardialoxygenrequirement?AAtrialwalltensionBHeartrateCVentricularcontractilityDPreloadofheartEAfterloadofheart第2题WhichkindofdrugscanNOTtreatanginapectoris?ACalciumchannelblockersBBetaadrenoceptorblockersCNitroglycerinDSodiumnitroprussideEAnti-platelet

drugs第3题WhichisNOTthecharacteristicofnitroglycerin?AGettingclinicaleffectsquicklyBOraladministrationconvenientlyCDilatingischemiacoronaryarteryselectivelyDDilatingarteryandveinstronglyEDecreasingpreloadandafterloadofheartTestforchapter8第1题ThefirstchoicefortreatmentofhypercholesterolemiaAProbucoBLovastatinCGemfibeziDniacin第2题The

drugs

of

broad-spectrum

blood

lipid

regulation

areAcoleenamineBChondroitin

sulfateCC.

Docosahexaenoic

acidDniacintestforchapter1第1题华法林引起的出血应用什么治疗：A去甲肾上腺素B维生素KC氨基甲苯酸D对氯苯甲酸第2题肝素的抗凝机制是：A维生素K拮抗剂B抑制血小板功能C激活和增强抗凝血酶ⅢD激活纤溶酶原Testforchapter2第1题Whichofthefollowingdrugsdoesnotinhibitplateletfunction:AAspirinBUrokinaseCRidogrelDDipyridamole第2题Whichistrueabouttheanti-plateletmechanismofasprin:AInhibitingCOX-1andeventualreducingTXA2synthesisinplateletsBBlockingplateletmembraneglycoproteinIIb/IIIareceptorCIncreasingcAMPinplateletsDInhibitingADPactivatingplatelet第3题Whichistrueabouttheanti-plateletroleofaspirin:ALowdoseaspirininhibitsplateletaggregationBHigh-doseaspirininhibitsplateletaggregationCLow-doseaspirinmainlyinhibitsvascularendothelialCOX-1andreducesPGI2synthesisDLow-doseaspirinmainlyinhibitsCOX-1inplateletsandreducesTXA2synthesis正确答案：ADTestforchapter3第1题Whichofthefollowingdrugsdoesomeprazolebelongto?AH2receptorblockersBMreceptorblockersCH+-K+-ATPaseinhibitorsDH1receptorblockers第2题Thepueposeofcombiningaluminumhydroxidewithmagnesiumtrisilicateis:AProlongingtheactiontimeBPreventionofgasproductionCReducinggastrointestinalreactionsDReducingdrugabsorptionTestforchapter4第1题Themechanismofadrenocorticalhormoneinthetreatmentofasthmais:AExcitementβ2receptorBBlockingadenosinereceptorCBlockingMreceptorDAnti-inflammatoryandanti-allergiceffects第2题Whichdrugisusedforpreventionofallergicasthma:AIsoproterenolBEphedrineCSodiumcromoglycateDAdrenalineTestforchapter5第1题Theeffectofglucocorticoidsonbloodcomponentsiscorrectlydescribed:AReducesthenumberofneutrophilsBReducesredbloodcellcountCReducesthenumberoflymphocytesDReducesplateletcount第2题Whichistheglucocorticoidthatworkonlyaftertransformationinliver:AHydrocortisoneBPrednisonCDexamethasoneDTriamcinolone第3题Thebasicmechanismofanti-inflammatoryactionofglucocorticoidis:AStabilizeslysosomemembranesBStabilizes

hypertrophiccellmembraneCImprovestolerancetobacterialendotoxinsDPlaysanti-inflammationroleprimarilythroughgenomiceffectsTestforchapter6第1题Whichisthepurposethatglucocorticoidsareusedforsevereinfection:AIncreasesthebody'stolerancetoharmfulstimuliandstrivesforrescuetimebyanti-inflammatoryeffectBInhibitsbacterialproliferationCNeutralizestoxinssecretedbybacteriaDStrengthensthemyocardialcontractilitysothatthepatientslivethroughthecrisisperiod第2题Thereasonforreboundphenomenonmediatedbythesuddenwithdrawalofglucocorticoidafterlong-termuseisthatAThepatientisdependentonglucocorticoidorthediseaseisnotadequatelycontrolledBHyperadrenocorticalfunctionCAsuddenincreaseinACTHsecretionDIncreasedglucocorticoidsecretion第3题Long-termuseofglucocorticoidsmayleadtoAHypercalcemiaBHypokalemiaCHypotensionDHypoglycemiaTestforchapter7第1题磺酰脲类药物引起较严重的不良反应是A胃肠道反应B过敏反应C肝损伤D持久性的低血糖反应第2题合并重度感染的糖尿病患者宜选用A格列本脲B正规胰岛素C罗格列酮D二甲双胍第3题单用饮食无法控制的肥胖糖尿病患者宜选用A胰岛素B二甲双胍C格列喹酮D西格列汀Testforchapter8第1题Whatistheprincipalmechanismofactionofpropylthiouracil(PTU)?AIodidetransportintothecellBReleaseofT4andT3tothebloodCInhibitionofthyroidalperoxidaseDInhibitionofproteolysisofthyroglobulinEInhibitionofiodinationandcouplingofthyroglobulin第2题Whichisthedrugchoiceforthyrotoxiccrisis？Amethylthiouracil

B

propylthiouracilCthiamazoleDcarbimazoleEradioiodineTestforchapter1第1题Acquireddrugresistancerefersto:AThesensitivityofpathogenstodrugsdecreasedaftercontinuousadministrationBThesensitivityofthebodytodrugsdecreasedaftercontinuoususeofdrugs.CThepatientispsychologicallydependentonthedrug.DThepatientdevelopedaphysicaldependenceonthedrug.EPatientshavementalandphysicaldependenceondrugs.第2题Whichisthedrugwhoseresistancecanbeinducedbyβ-lactamases:AfluroquinolonesBsulfonamidesCaminoglycosidesDampecilinEtetracyclinesTestforchapter2第1题β-lactamantibioticsDONOTincludeAPGBSemisyntheticpenicillinsCCephalosporinsDGlycopeptidesEβ-lactamaseinhibitor第2题DrugsthatcanNOTinhibitbacterialcellwallincludeAPGBSemisyntheticpenicillinsCCephalosporinsDGlycopeptidesEβ-lactamaseinhibitor正确答案：E第3题TheresistancemechanismsofpenicillinDONOTincludeAmutationofPBPsBproducingβ-lactamaseCdecreaseddrugaccumulationinbacteriumDreducedbindingaffinityofthedrugEdestroyingthestructureofβ-lactamTestforchapter3第1题TheresistancemechanismsoferythromycinDON`TincludeAproducingβ-lactamaseBeffluxdrugCmethylationmodificationofbacterialribosomeDdecreaseddrugaccumulationinbacteriumEmetabolizingandinactivatingdrugTestforchapter4第1题Whichoneofthefollowingis