2026春 新人教八年级下册U6单元分层练习（含答案）

2026春季新人教八年级下册Unit6CrossingCultures词汇运用用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次I（shake,embarrass,manner,chopstick,formal,uncommon,confuse,congratulate,tradition,palm）1.Haveyou________________________handswiththeinternationalstudent?It’sabasicgreetinginmanycountries.2.Hisfaceturnedredwith________________________whenhemadeamistakeinthespeechcontest.3.It’sbad________________________tochewloudlyoruseyourphoneduringameal.4.Weusuallyuse________________________toeatriceandnoodlesintraditionalChinesemeals.5.At________________________eventslikegraduationceremonies,studentsneedtowearschooluniforms.6.It’s________________________toseeheavysnowinthiscoastalcity,sopeoplegetexcitedwhenitsnows.7.Ifelt________________________whentheteacherexplainedthegrammarruleinthreedifferentways.8.We________________________ourclassmateonwinningthefirstprizeinthesciencecompetitionlastweek.9.EatingzongziontheDragonBoatFestivalisa________________________custominChina.10.Sheplacedthetinybirthdaycardinthe________________________ofherhandandgaveittoherbestfriend.Ⅱ用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空，每短语限用一次（shakehandswith,beembarrassedabout,incommon,congratulatesb.on,beusedto,keep...off,goalongway,inthismanner）1.Whenyoumeeteldersinsomecultures,youareexpectedto________________________thempolitely.2.Manymiddleschoolstudents________________________theirmessybedroomsandhidethemfromguests.3.Thoughtheygrewupindifferentcities,thetwofriendshavealot________________________—theybothlovepainting.4.Don’tforgetto________________________yourbrother________________________passinghismathexamwhenyougethome.5.Afterlivinginthesouthforhalfayear,she________________________thehotandrainysummerweather.6.Please________________________yourelbows________________________thetablewhileeating—it’sconsideredimpoliteinformaldinners.7.Afewsincerewordsofencouragementcan________________________inhelpingsomeonefeelbetterwhenthey’resad.8.Bysolvingthegrouptask________________________,wefinishedit20minutesearlierthantheotherteams.二、根据括号内所给汉语意思或首字母写出单词的正确形式A.首字母填空1.WhengreetinginIndia,peopleusuallyputtheirp________________________togetherandsay“namaste”insteadofshakinghands.2.It’si________________________tousepersonalchopstickstoservefoodforothers—servingchopsticksarerequired.3.Afterwinningthecompetition,allhisclassmatescametoc________________________himonhisamazingresult.4.Tofollowtablemanners,weshouldkeepoure________________________offthetableandsitupstraight.5.Shefeltdeeplye________________________whenherphonerangloudlyduringthesilentformalspeech.6.InFrance,it’sacommonc________________________tokissonbothcheekswhenmeetingclosefriends.7.Becauseofthelanguagebarrier,helookedc________________________whentheforeigntouristtalkedtohim.8.Wearingcasualj________________________toaformalweddingisconsideredimpoliteinmostcultures.9.Therearevariousculturalt________________________aroundtheworld,andweneedtorespectthem.10.Whenyoufeelanxious,youcanr________________________yourhandsgentlytomakeyourselfcalm.B.汉语意思填空1.InmostWesterncountries,people________________________（与……握手）whentheymeetinformalsituations.2.Thesuddenchangeoftheplancausedgreat________________________（困惑）amongalltheteammembers.3.It’s________________________（罕见的）toseeheavyraininthisregioninwinter,soeveryonewassurprised.4.Youneeda________________________（叉子）andaknifetoeatsteakinWesternrestaurants.5.She________________________（为……感到尴尬）herwrongpronunciationwhenshespokeinfrontoftheclass.6.His________________________（不恰当的）behavioratthedinnerpartymadeeveryonefeeluncomfortable.7.Weneedtowearneatclotheswhenattendinga________________________（正式的）businessmeeting.8.Weshouldlearntoacceptthe________________________（文化的）differencesbetweendifferentcountries.9.Please________________________（使……避开）thehotpotwhenyoupassbythediningtable.10.It’safamily________________________（传统）tohaveabigdinnertogetheronNewYear’sEve.三、请用合适的连词（when,while,assoonas,before,after,until,if,unless,so…that）填空，完成短文（每空1词）。LilyhaddreamedofvisitingtheUKforyears,1________________shesawadocumentaryaboutBritishculturelastyear.ShespentthreeweekslearningaboutBritishcustoms2________________sheboardedtheplane,worriedshemightmakeembarrassingmistakes.3________________sheknockedonthehostfamily’sdoor,herheartbeatfast.Mrs.Smith,thehostmom,smiledandsaid“Welcome”4________________sheopenedthedoor.Thefirstchallengecameatthefirstdinner:5________________Mrs.Smithwasputtingdishesonthetable,Lilywantedtohelp,butsheknewshecouldn’t6________________thehostinvitedherto.7________________everyonesatdown,Lilydidn’tstarteating8________________Mrs.Smithpickedupherknifeandfork.Sheheldtheknifeinherrighthand9________________sheheldtheforkinherleft;however,shewas10________________nervous11________________shealmostspilledherdrink.Later,shewantedtogetaloafofbreadfarfromher.Shewondered:12________________Ireachforitdirectly,willtheSmithsthinkI’mrude?Thensherecalledtherule:youshouldaskotherstopassit13________________youdon’twanttobeseenasimpolite.Shealsofoundthat14________________thehostoffersyouasecondhelping,youcansay“Justalittle,thanks”—15________________youeattoomuchinonego,youmightlookgreedy.Andshelearnedthatshecouldn’tleavethetable16________________everyonefinishedtheirmeals;thisisabasicmannerinBritain.Bytheendoftheweek,Lilyfeltcomfortablewiththecustoms.Shesaidshewasgladshepreparedwell17________________shecame—otherwise,shewouldhavebeen18________________confused19________________shecouldn’tenjoythewarmwelcomefromtheSmiths.四、介词填空请在空格中填入正确的介词，使句子完整且语法正确（每空1词）：1.Manystudentsfeelnervousandgetembarrassed__________theirpoorperformanceinfrontofthewholeclass,sotheyoftenavoidtakingpartinpublicactivities.2.Ourheadteachertooktheleadtocongratulatetheschoolbasketballteam__________theirwonderfulvictoryinthecitysportsmeetinglastweek.3.ThoughLucygrewupinasmalltownandherbestfriendLilywasraisedinacoastalcity,theystillhavequitealot__________commonwhenitcomestotheirtasteinbooksandmusic.4.Tofollowpropertablemannersinformaloccasions,youshouldkeepyourelbows__________thediningtablewhileeating—thisisabasicruleinmanyWesterncultures.5.Afterlisteningtotheteacher’stwodifferentexplanationsofthesentencestructure,moststudentsfeltevenmoreconfused__________howtouseitcorrectlyintheircomposition.五、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（每空一词）1.Thestoryhesharedatthefamilygatheringwasso________________________(embarrass)thatnooneknewhowtorespond.2.Aftertheteacherexplainedthecomplexgrammartwice,manystudentswerestillin________________________(confuse)aboutitsusage.3.WhendiningwithguestsinWesterncountries,it’snecessarytofollowpropertable________________________(manner).4.Shoutingattheelderlyinpublicis________________________(proper)andshowsnorespectforothers.5.Alltheclassmatessenttheir________________________(congratulate)toLisawhenshewontheschoolpaintingcompetition.6.Insome________________________(tradition)villages,peoplestillholdancientceremoniestowelcometheharvestseason.7.Wehadadiscussionabout________________________(culture)differencesbetweenEasternandWesterncountriesinthegeographyclass.8.Each________________________(serve)ofthislocalsnackissmall,soyoucantryseveralkindswithoutfeelingfull.9.It’s________________________(common)tofindsucharareoldbookinordinarybookstores,soweweresurprisedtoseeitthere.10.Theboy________________________(receive)aspecialbirthdaygiftfromhisuncle,whichmadehimjumpwithjoy.六、用所给单词，适当形式填空WhenMike,anAmericanstudent,joinedhisKoreanfriend’sfamilydinner,hefelt1.____________________(confuse)—hedidn’tknowanyKoreantablerules.Thefamily’shabitofsharingonedishwithchopstickswas2.____________________(surprise)tohim,asAmericansusuallyuseseparateplates.Then,a(n)3.____________________(embarrass)momentcame:heaccidentallyknockedoveracupoftea.Mike’sfaceturnedredimmediately.Hefelt4.____________________(disappoint)withhimselfformakingsuchasillymistake.Butthefamily’swarmsmilesandgentlecomfortwere5.____________________(impress)—theydidn’tmindthesmallaccidentatall.Gradually,Mikebecame6.____________________(relax)andstartedchattingwiththefamily.Thespicykimchionthetabletasted7.____________________(please)—itwashotterthanheexpectedbutfullofflavor.Hefoundthefamily’sstoriesaboutKoreanfestivals8.____________________(amaze)—thetraditionsweretotallydifferentfromhisown.Afterthreehoursofeatingandtalking,thelongdinnerfeltabit9.____________________(tire),butMikedidn’twanttoleave.Heneverfelt10.____________________(bore)duringthenight—everypartofthedinnerwasanewandinterestingexperience.Atourschool’sInternationalCultureFestival,Leo(fromIndia)facedalotof1.____________________(confuse)—hedidn’tknowthesocialrulesofothercountries.WhenhemetaFrenchstudent,hetriedtoshakehands,butsoonrealizeditwas2.____________________(proper)fortheir3.____________________(tradition)greeting(whichisakissonthecheek).Later,atthefoodbooth,Leolearnedthattable4.____________________(manner)varyalot:inJapan,asmall5.____________________(serve)offoodisusuallyplacedineachperson’sbowl.It’s6.____________________(common)toseepeopleuseforksinThailand,asmostpeopleeatwithspoonsandforkstogether.WhenLeogaveaspeechaboutIndianculture,hedressed7.____________________(formal)intraditionalclothes.A(n)8.____________________(embarrass)momentcamewhenheaccidentallycalledaKoreanstudentbythewrongname—hefeltsorryimmediately.These9.____________________(culture)differencesmadethefestivalmoreinteresting.Attheendoftheday,Leo10.____________________(receive)asouvenirfromaMexicanstudent,andtheypromisedtokeepintouch.句子巩固七、根据汉语意思，完成句子1.但英式餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，我有点担心。ButEnglish____________________areso__________thatI'malittle__________.2.带个小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。Bringa____________________,butdon't____________________unlessthe__________asksyou__________.3.还有，记得等主人开动后你再吃。And__________to____________________the__________tostart__________youeat.4.如果你感到困惑，看看其他人怎么做。Ifyou____________________,__________whateveryoneelse__________.5.上个月我在一个派对上有了一些尴尬的经历后，他们帮我更多地了解了这里的习俗。They__________metolearn__________aboutthe__________hereafterI__________some__________experiencesat____________________lastmonth.6.准时或晚几分钟是正常的，但早到可能会带来麻烦。It's__________tobe____________________or____________________minuteslate,but__________earlycan__________problems.7.第三，你应该始终根据场合着装。Third,you____________________tryto____________________the__________.8.第四，除非你很了解对方，否则最好不要问私人问题。Fourth,it's____________________toask__________questionsunlessyou__________the____________________well.9.最后但同样重要的是，尽量在任何可能的时候说法语。____________________notleast,____________________you__________French__________youcan.10.我会在他们家待两周，而且我有点紧张！I'llbe__________with____________________for____________________weeks,andI'malittle__________.八、中译英1.中文题：在正式的晚宴场合穿休闲T恤是不合适的。翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________2.中文题：当我不小心把法国朋友的名字念错时，那个场景真令人尴尬，我也感到特别窘迫。翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________3.中文题：除非你很了解当地的传统习俗，否则不要随意触碰他人的宗教物品。翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________4.中文题：上次去日本同学家做客时，我记得要等主人先鞠躬问候后再回礼。翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________5.中文题：不同国家的餐桌礼仪差异如此之大，以至于很多游客初到国外时会陷入困惑。翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________阅读提升九、阅读理解阅读理解一：阅读材料WhenyouvisitaJapanesefriend’shomeforthefirsttime,therearemanyspecialrulesyouneedtofollow—smallmistakesmightmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.First,youmusttakeoffyourshoesattheentrance.Japanesepeoplebelieveshoescarrydirtfromoutside,sowearingthemindoorsisseenasrude.Youshouldputyourshoesintheshoerackneatly,withthetoesfacingthedoor(it’seasiertoputthemonwhenyouleave).Second,bowingismorethanjustagreeting.Thedegreeofthebowshowsdifferentlevelsofrespect:a15-degreebowisforsaying“hello”or“thankyou”tofriends;a30-degreebowisusedwhenyoumeeteldersorapologize;adeep45-degreebowisonlyforserioussituationslikesaying“I’mtrulysorry”.Third,gift-givinghasstricttaboos.Youshouldneverbringgiftsinsetsoffour—becausetheJapanesewordfor“four”soundsthesameasthewordfor“death”.Also,giftsshouldbewrappednicely,butavoidwhitewrappingpaper(it’sconnectedtofunerals).Commongiftsincludetea,cookies,orsmallplants.Atdinner,waitforthehosttosay“itadakimasu”(whichmeans“Iwillreceivethisfood”)beforeyoustarteating.Neverstickyourchopsticksuprightintherice—thislooksliketheincensesticksusedatfunerals,whichisaserioustaboo.Ifyouneedtoputchopsticksdown,placethemonthechopstickrest,notonthetable.题目1.WhydoJapanesepeopleaskgueststotakeoffshoesindoors?A.Tokeepthefloorclean.B.Tomakeguestsfeelrelaxed.C.Toshowthatshoesarenotexpensive.D.Tofollowanewpopulartrend.2.A30-degreebowisproperwhenyou______.A.greetaclosefriendB.saysorrytoanoldmanC.thankaclassmateD.meetastrangerforthefirsttime3.Theword“taboos”inParagraph3probablymeans______.A.specialgiftsB.politebehaviorsC.forbiddenthingsD.funnystories4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.WhiteisaluckycolorinJapan.B.“Itadakimasu”issaidaftereating.C.Chopstickscanbeputonthetablefreely.D.Giving4cookiesasagiftisimpolite.5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.HowtobowpolitelyinJapan.B.RulesforvisitingaJapanesehome.C.Taboosofgift-givinginJapan.D.DifferencesbetweenJapaneseandWesterndinners.阅读理解二：阅读材料ManypeoplethinkDíadelosMuertos(theDayoftheDead)isasadfestival,butinMexico,it’sajoyfultimetorememberandhonordeceasedfamilymembers.ThisfestivalisheldonNovember1stand2nd.Familiescleanthegravesoftheirlovedonesanddecoratethemwithcolorfulflowers(likemarigolds,whicharebelievedtoguidethedeadbackhome),photos,andfavoritefoodsofthedeceased.Somefamiliesalsobuild“ofrendas”(altars)intheirhomes—thesealtarsarefilledwiththeperson’sfavoritedrinks,candies,andeventoys(ifthedeceasedwasachild).WhenyouvisitaMexicanfamilyduringDíadelosMuertos,therearesomerulestofollow.First,neversay“I’msorryforyourloss”—thefestivalisaboutcelebratingthelivesofthedead,notfeelingsad.Second,youshouldacceptthefoodthehostoffersyou.Refusingitisseenasimpolite,evenifyou’refull.Themostcommonfoodatthistimeis“calaverasdeazúcar”(sugarskulls),whicharedecoratedwithbrightcolors—theyrepresentthejoyofthefestival,notfearofdeath.Also,it’sgoodtotalkaboutthedeceasedfamilymembers.Askingquestionslike“Whatwasyourgrandma’sfavoritefood?”showsthatyourespecttheirtraditions.Avoidtalkingaboutsadthings;instead,sharehappystoriesifyouhaveany.题目1.WhatisthetruemeaningofDíadelosMuertosinMexico?A.Atimetofeelsadaboutthedead.B.Afestivaltocelebratethelivesofdeceasedlovedones.C.Adaytocleangravesandsaygoodbyetothedead.D.Atimetobuysugarskullsforchildren.2.Marigoldsareusedinthefestivalbecause______.A.theyarethecheapestflowersB.theyhavebrightcolorsC.theyarebelievedtoleadthedeadbackhomeD.theyarethedeceased’sfavoriteflowers3.Theword“deceased”inParagraph1probablymeans______.A.deadB.livingC.youngD.old4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Refusingthehost’sfoodispolite.B.Sugarskullsareasymboloffear.C.Talkingabouthappystoriesofthedeadiswelcome.D.“I’msorryforyourloss”isapropersentencetosay.5.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsDíadelosMuertos?A.It’sascaryfestival.B.It’sajoyfulandmeaningfultradition.C.It’sawasteoftimeandmoney.D.It’stoocomplicatedtounderstand.十、完形填空Lastsummer,IvisitedmyThaifriendMayainBangkok.Beforethetrip,Mayatoldmeto1______asmallgift—shesaidit’sacommonwaytoshowkindnesstohosts.IpickedaboxofChinesetea,hopingherfamilywouldlikeit.WhenIarrivedatMaya’shouse,shegreetedmewitha“wai”(atraditionalThaigreeting:pressingpalmstogether).Shetaughtmethatthe2______ofthehandsshowsrespect:handsatchestlevelforfriends,andhigherforelders.Itriedtomakethe3______“wai”andMayalaughed,sayingIdidwell.Maya’smotherledmeintothelivingroomandaskedmeto4______myshoesatthedoor.“Shoesbringdirtindoors,”sheexplained.I5______putmyshoesnexttoothers,andshegavemesoftslippers.Thensheofferedmeaglassofcoconutwater—coldandsweet,itwasexactlywhatIneededonthehotday.Atlunch,thetablewasfullofdishes:greencurry,padthai,andfreshmango.Mayawarnedmenotto6______foodwithmylefthand.“Weusethelefthandforuncleantasks,”shesaidquietly.Inoddedandusedmyrighthandto7______somecurrywithrice.WhenMaya’sfatheraskedifIwantedmore,Isaid“yes”eventhoughIwasalmostfull—Ididn’twantto8______himbysayingI’dhadenough.Afterlunch,Mayatookmetoanearbytemple.Shetoldmeto9______myshouldersandknees—templerulesrequirevisitorstodressmodestly.Iborrowedascarffromhertocovermyknees.Insidethetemple,wewalked10______—talkingloudlyisnotallowed.Iwatchedlocalsleavesmallflowersatthestatue,andMayasaidit’stheirwayto11______theirwishes.WhenIleftintheevening,Maya’sfamilywalkedmetothedoor.I12______goodbyeandmadea“wai”again.Mayasmiledandsaid,“Remember,13______smallcustomshelpsyougetclosertopeoplehere.”Herwordsmademethink:learningaboutotherculturesisn’tjustabout14______rules—it’saboutunderstandinghowpeopleshowcare.Thistriptaughtmethateveryculturehasitsownbeauty.Ifwetaketimetonoticeandfollowthesesmallcustoms,wecan15______deeperconnectionswithpeoplearoundtheworld.1.A.prepareB.sellC.throwD.break2.A.shapeB.heightC.colorD.size3.A.wrongB.sillyC.properD.funny4.A.findB.washC.repairD.remove5.A.carefullyB.carelesslyC.quicklyD.slowly6.A.cookB.eatC.buyD.share7.A.pourB.mixC.drinkD.cut8.A.interestB.surpriseC.disappointD.excite9.A.coverB.showC.washD.touch10.A.happilyB.quietlyC.angrilyD.proudly11.A.expressB.forgetC.changeD.hide12.A.shoutedB.criedC.whisperedD.waved13.A.followingB.makingC.breakingD.inventing14.A.writingB.rememberingC.creatingD.changing15.A.destroyB.avoidC.buildD.lose答案与解析一、Ⅰ1.shaken；2.embarrassment；3.manners；4.chopsticks；5.formal；6.uncommon；7.confused；8.congratulated；9.traditional；10.palm；Ⅱ1.shakehandswith；2.areembarrassedabout；3.incommon；4.congratulate;on；5.hasbeenusedto；6.keep;off；7.goalongway；8.inthismanner；二A1.palms；2.improper；3.congratulate；4.elbows；5.embarrassed；6.custom；7.confused；8.jeans；9.traditions；10.rub；B1.shakehandswith；2.confusion；3.uncommon；4.fork；5.wasembarrassedabout；6.improper；7.formal；8.cultural；9.keepoff；10.tradition三、1.after；2.before；3.when；4.assoonas；5.while；6.unless；7.after；8.until；9.while；10.so；11.that；12.if；13.unless；14.if；15.if；16.until；17.before；18.so；19.that1.空1：答案after解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之后”。“Lily多年梦想去英国”是长期状态，“看到英国文化纪录片”是后续发生的、强化梦想的动作，用after明确“看片→更向往”的时间递进；若填before（“看片前梦想”），虽事实成立，但无法体现“纪录片加深向往”的逻辑，故after为唯一合理选项。2.空2：答案before解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之前”。“花三周学习英国习俗”发生在“登机前往英国”之前，这一动作顺序恰好呼应后文“担心犯尴尬错误”——提前学习正是为了规避失误；若填after（“登机后学习”），则与“担心出错”的心理矛盾，语法虽对但语境不成立，故填before。3.空3：答案when解析：引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”。when的核心用法是搭配“短暂动作”（如knocked“敲门”，是瞬间完成的动作），此处“敲门瞬间心跳加快”的即时反应，完全匹配when的用法；若填while，while需搭配“延续动作”（如wasknocking），但原句“knocked”是一般过去时（表短暂动作），故when正确。4.空4：答案assoonas解析：引导时间状语从句，表“一……就”。“开门”与“说‘Welcome’”是几乎无间隔的即时动作，assoonas能精准体现“动作衔接的快速性”（如“门一打开就问候”），比when（仅表“当……时”）更贴合日常交际中“即时回应”的礼仪场景，故填assoonas。5.空5：答案while解析：引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”。while的核心用法是搭配“延续动作”（如wasputting“摆盘子”，是过去进行时，表持续进行的动作），此处“Mrs.Smith摆盘子的过程中，Lily想帮忙”，用while体现两个动作的同时性；若填when，虽语法可行，但while更强调“延续动作期间的穿插事件”，与“wasputting”的动作属性更匹配，故填while。6.空6：答案unless解析：引导条件状语从句，表“除非”（相当于“ifnot”）。语境逻辑是“Lily想帮忙，但只有主人邀请才能帮”，即“如果主人不邀请，就不能帮忙”，用unless恰好体现这一“否定条件”；若填if（“如果主人邀请，就不能帮忙”），则逻辑完全相反，违背语境，故填unless。7.空7：答案after解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之后”。“所有人坐下”是“Lily不开始吃饭”的前置动作，用after明确“先集体落座、再等待用餐信号”的餐桌流程，符合“集体活动需同步节奏”的礼仪；若填before（“所有人坐下前不吃饭”），则动作顺序混乱（未落座时本就不会吃饭），故填after。8.空8：答案until解析：引导时间状语从句，构成“not...until”固定结构（表“直到……才”）。语境中“Lily不开始吃饭”，直到“Mrs.Smith拿起刀叉”才动筷，完美匹配“not...until”的核心用法（如“我直到爸爸回来才看电视”），这是八年级重点语法点；若填其他连词（如before），则无法体现“等待主人信号”的逻辑，故填until。9.空9：答案while解析：引导时间状语从句，表“同时”。“右手拿刀”与“左手拿叉”是用餐时同步进行的动作，用while衔接两个“并行的延续动作”，精准体现“双手同时持餐具”的状态；若填when，需调整句式（如“whensheheldtheforkinherlefthand”），原句“held...whileheld...”的平行结构更简洁，故填while。10.空10：答案so解析：构成“so...that”固定结构（引导结果状语从句，表“如此……以至于”）。语法规则中，so后接“形容词/副词”，此处so修饰形容词nervous（“紧张的”），目的是强调“紧张的程度”，为后文“差点洒饮料”的结果做铺垫；若填such，such后需接“名词”（如suchnervousness），与原句“nervous”（形容词）不匹配，故填so。11.空11：答案that解析：构成“so...that”固定结构，that的作用是“引出so所强调程度带来的结果”。此处“sonervous”（如此紧张）的结果是“almostspilledherdrink”（差点洒了饮料），that是该结构的固定组成部分，无其他替代词，完全符合八年级“so+形容词+that+结果从句”的用法，故填that。12.空12：答案if解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。语境中Lily犹豫“直接拿远处的面包是否礼貌”，用if提出假设场景（“如果我直接伸手拿面包”），符合疑问句中“对未知情况的假设与担忧”（如“如果我忘带作业，老师会说我吗”）；若填unless（“除非我直接拿面包”），则逻辑不通（“除非直接拿，否则会被认为无礼”与后文“请人递面包”的规则矛盾），故填if。13.空13：答案unless解析：引导条件状语从句，表“除非”。语境逻辑是“想不被视作无礼，就应该请别人递面包”，即“除非你想被认为无礼，否则就请人递面包”，用unless体现这一“否定条件”；若填if（“如果不想被认为无礼，就请人递面包”），虽语义接近，但unless更能凸显“礼仪规则的强制性”，且与第6题unless的用法呼应，强化对“否定条件”的记忆，故填unless。14.空14：答案if解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。语境中“主人给你第二份食物”是假设的场景，用if引出该场景下的应对方式（“说‘Justalittle,thanks’”），符合“针对假设场景给建议”的逻辑（如“如果下雨，我们就带伞”）；若填unless（“除非主人给你第二份食物”），则建议内容（“说‘一点就好’”）与场景脱节，故填if。15.空15：答案if解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。用if提出假设行为（“一次吃太多”），并引出该行为的负面后果（“可能显得贪婪”），清晰体现“行为→后果”的条件关系，契合餐桌礼仪中“避免过量、保持得体”的要求；若填unless（“除非一次吃太多”），则后果（“显得贪婪”）与行为逻辑颠倒（“除非吃太多，否则会显得贪婪”不符合常理），故填if。16.空16：答案until解析：引导时间状语从句，构成“not...until”结构（表“直到……才”）。语境中“Lily不能离席”的状态持续到“所有人都吃完”，用until体现英国礼仪中“集体用餐需同步离席”的规则，与第8题“not...until”的用法形成呼应，强化对该结构的记忆；若填before（“所有人吃完前不能离席”），虽语义接近，但“not...until”是标准语法结构，更符合考试要求，故填until。17.空17：答案before解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之前”。“做好准备”发生在“Lily来英国”之前，这一动作顺序与前文第2题“登机前学习习俗”形成呼应，贯穿“提前准备规避失误”的主线；时态上，八年级阶段允许用一般过去时（prepared/came）表“过去的先后动作”，无需复杂的过去完成时（hadprepared），语法正确且符合学生认知水平，故填before。18.空18：答案so解析：构成“so...that”固定结构，so后接形容词confused（“困惑的”），强调“若没提前准备，困惑程度会很深”。此处“soconfused”是对“没准备”后果的程度描述，为后文“不能享受热情招待”的结果做铺垫；若填such，such后需接名词（如suchconfusion），与“confused”（形容词）不匹配，故填so。19.空19：答案that解析：构成“so...that”固定结构，that引出“soconfused”（如此困惑）带来的结果——“couldn’tenjoythewarmwelcome”（不能享受史密斯一家的热情招待）。用“负面结果”反衬“提前准备”的重要性，与第10-11题“so...that”的用法形成对比（前者是“紧张→失误”，后者是“困惑→影响体验”），巩固对该结构的理解，故填that。四、1.about；2.on；3.in；4.off；5.about1.答案：about解析：本题对应短语“beembarrassedaboutsth（因某事感到尴尬）”，句子语境是“学生因在全班面前的糟糕表现而感到尴尬”，因此填介词about。2.答案：on解析：本题对应短语“congratulatesb.on(doing)sth（祝贺某人做了某事）”，句子语境是“班主任带头祝贺篮球队取得胜利”，“祝贺某人的某件事”需用介词on连接，因此填on。3.答案：in解析：本题对应短语“have...incommon（有共同之处）”，句子语境是“露西和莉莉在书籍、音乐的喜好上有不少共同之处”，因此填介词in。4.答案：off解析：本题对应短语“keep...off（使不碰到；使避开）”，句子语境是“餐桌礼仪要求吃饭时让肘部不碰到餐桌”，因此填介词off。5.答案：about解析：本题对应短语“beconfusedaboutsth（对某事感到困惑）”，句子语境是“学生对如何正确使用句式感到更困惑”，因此填介词about。五、1.embarrassing2.confusion3.manners4.improper5.congratulations6.traditional7.cultural8.serving9.uncommon10.received1.embarrassing：括号内embarrass是动词，so后需接形容词；此处修饰事物（story），故用embarrassing（修饰事物表“令人尴尬的”，修饰人用embarrassed），符合八年级形容词的用法规则。2.confusion：括号内confuse是动词，介词in后需接名词；confuse的名词形式为confusion，“inconfusion”是固定短语，表“处于困惑中”。3.manners：manner表“礼仪”时需用复数形式manners，“tablemanners”是固定搭配（餐桌礼仪），是八年级关于名词复数的特殊用法考点。4.improper：括号内proper是“合适的”，根据语境“公共场合对老人大喊是不礼貌的”，需用其反义词；通过前缀im-构成否定形容词improper（不合适的）。5.congratulations：括号内congratulate是动词，形容词性物主代词their后需接名词；congratulate的名词形式为congratulation，且常用复数形式congratulations（表“祝贺”）。6.traditional：括号内tradition是名词，需修饰名词villages，故转换为形容词traditional（传统的），符合八年级词形转换（名词→形容词）的考点。7.cultural：括号内culture是名词，需修饰名词differences，故转换为形容词cultural（文化的），“culturaldifferences”表“文化差异”。8.serving：括号内serve是动词，代词each后需接名词；serve的名词形式为serving，表“（食物的）一份”，契合“每份小吃”的语境。9.uncommon：括号内common是“常见的”，根据语境“普通书店里找到珍本是罕见的”，需用其反义词；通过前缀un-构成否定形容词uncommon（罕见的）。10.received：括号内receive是动词，后文“made”是一般过去时，时态需一致，故用receive的一般过去式received六、1.confused2.surprising3.embarrassing4.disappointed5.impressive6.relaxed7.pleasing8.amazing9.tiring10.bored1.confused：括号内动词为confuse，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人感到困惑的”，需用-ed形式形容词；符合八年级“-ed形容词形容人感受”的考点，贴合“Mike不懂韩国餐桌礼仪”的语境。2.surprising：括号内动词为surprise，此处修饰事物（共用餐具的习惯），表“事物令人惊讶的”，需用-ing形式形容词；对应“事物性质用-ing形容词”的规则，契合“美国常用分盘，韩国共餐”的文化差异语境。3.embarrassing：括号内动词为embarrass，此处修饰事物（打翻茶杯的时刻），表“事物令人尴尬的”，需用-ing形式形容词；覆盖题目要求的“尴尬”主题，符合“修饰场景/时刻用-ing形容词”的用法。4.disappointed：括号内动词为disappoint，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人因犯错感到失望的”，需用-ed形式形容词；结合“Mike对自己犯错不满”的语境，匹配“人对事物的感受用-ed形容词”的考点。5.impressive：括号内动词为impress，此处修饰事物（家人的笑容与安慰），表“事物令人印象深刻的”，需用-ing形式形容词；贴合“家人包容态度让人难忘”的语境，符合“事物特征用-ing形容词”的规则。6.relaxed：括号内动词为relax，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人逐渐感到放松的”，需用-ed形式形容词；呼应“家人安慰后Mike状态转变”的情节，匹配“人自身状态用-ed形容词”的用法。7.pleasing：括号内动词为please，此处修饰事物（泡菜的味道），表“事物令人愉悦的”，需用-ing形式形容词；结合“Mike觉得泡菜好吃”的语境，符合“感官体验（味道）用-ing形容词”的考点。8.amazing：括号内动词为amaze，此处修饰事物（韩国节日故事），表“事物令人惊奇的”，需用-ing形式形容词；契合“故事内容与美国传统不同，让人觉得新奇”的语境，对应“事物内容用-ing形容词”的规则。9.tiring：括号内动词为tire，此处修饰事物（漫长的晚餐），表“事物令人疲倦的”，需用-ing形式形容词；结合“晚餐持续3小时”的情节，符合“事物耗时/费力用-ing形容词”的考点。10.bored：括号内动词为bore，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人没有感到无聊的”，需用-ed形式形容词；呼应“晚餐每部分都新鲜有趣”的结尾，匹配“人主观感受用-ed形容词”的用法。1.confusion2.i