高中定语从句讲解+疯狂动物城版本+课件-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

01什么是定语从句02定语从句的关系代词03定语从句的关系副词04定语从句的介词+关系代词0506限定性VS非限定性定语从句定语从句的考点总结AttributiveClause07巩固练习ContentPART01

什么是定语从句定语从句

|什么是定语？1、用来限定、修饰名词或代词的句子成分，汉语中常用“……的”表示2、主要由形容词担任，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式，介词短语也可，有时也由一个句子来担任。14missinganimals14只失踪的动物(数词和形容词作定语)aconfox一只骗子狐狸(名词做定语）adeterminedbunny一只坚定的兔子(形容词作定语）

定语从句|什么是定语从句？在复合句中用来修饰名词或代词的句子部分（做定语的从句）Judyisabravebunnywhoisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.朱迪是一只决心成为警察的勇敢兔子Judyisabravebunny.Judyisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.定语从句|句子结构

定语从句的结构：Judyisabravebunnywhoisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.bunnywhoisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.先行词关系词句子定语从句名词/代词修饰定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子部分。它相当于一个“形容词”。在句子中，定语从句紧跟在它修饰的词（先行词）后面。定语从句|先行词/关系词先行词被修饰的名词或代词关系词引导定语从句的词，有关系代词和关系副词Judyisabravebunnywhoisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.bunnyJudyisabravebunnywhoisdeterminedtobecomeapoliceofficer.who

定语从句的结构：先行词关系词句子1.ThemanwhositsbesidemeisMr.Lee.2.Iliketherecordwhichmysistergaveme.3.Thehousewhereweliveneedscleaning.4.IstillrememberthedaywhenIstudiedinItaly.Theman练一练：找出定语从句和先行词whositsbesidemeisMr.Lee.therecordwhichmysistergaveme.ThehousewherewelivethedaywhenIstudiedinItaly.PART02

定语从句的关系代词关系代词|在句中的作用常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whoseJudyisabunnywhodreamsofmakingtheworldabetterplace.who在定语从句中代替先行词①代替作用作主语、宾语、表语和定语②在定语从句中担任成分把两个句子连成带有定语从句的主从复合句③连接作用关系代词|用法①who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Themanwho

sitsbesidemymotherisadoctor.Apersonwho

canteachyouthingsiscalledateacher.②whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theboy(whom)Iwrotetoismycousin.先行词关系词句子关系代词|用法③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。Thebuildingwhich

standsbytheriverisourschool.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.④that指人/物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。Heis

theman(that)Itoldyouabout.Thisisarecordthat

mysistergaveme.先行词关系词句子关系代词|用法⑤whose指人/物，在定语从句中作定语，不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhose

parentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.先行词关系词句子关系代词指代对象在从句中的成分能否省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词|用法总结人、物主、宾作宾语可省物主、宾作宾语可省人主、宾作宾语可省人宾可省人、物定不可省JudyfoundNick

that/who

wasfeelingbadalone.主句：Judy找到了Nick从句：Nick独自难过练一练翻译|Judy找到了正在独自难过的Nick。JudyfoundNickNickwasfeelingbadalone.先行词是Nick，从句中做主语,主从句结合连接用that/who一找先行词二判断人/物方法总结1.分出主句从句，找准先行词3.根据还原部分所作成分，选择关系词2.先行词带入从句还原完整，看还原部分做什么成分练一练1.我午餐会吃妈妈给我做的三明治。2.那个正在讲话的男孩是麦克。3.喜欢英语的同学进步大。Iwouldliketoeatasandwich

thatmymummadeforme.Theboy

whoisspeakingisMike.Students

wholikeEnglishmakegreatprogress.一找先行词二判断人物Thisisthehouse___________Ioncevisited.3)Thewriter___________IlikemostisMarkTwain.2)Sheisthegirl__________hairislong.5)Itisanovel_____________waswrittenbyMarkTwain.4)Heisainventor___________wasborninAmerica.that/which练一练whosewhom/thatwho/thatthat/whichPART03

定语从句的关系副词关系副词|在句中的作用在定语从句中代替先行词①代替作用作状语②在定语从句中担任成分把两个句子连成带有定语从句的主从复合句③连接作用关系副词|有哪些关系副词关系副词句法功能先行词特征whenwherewhy状语表时间表地点表原因When引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示时间的名词，When在从句中作_______状语，相当于“___________________”结构。关系副词|whenItwasatimeatwhich(when)Judywasdiscriminatedagainstbecauseshewasarabbit.那时朱迪因为是兔子而受到歧视。时间介词in/at...＋which从句中不缺主干成分where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作______状语，相当于“__________________”结构。介词in/at...＋which关系副词|where地点Thisisthepolicestationinwhich(where)JudyandNickfirstmet.这是朱迪和尼克第一次见面的警察局。从句中不缺主干成分当先行词表示下面三种情况时，可用关系副词where。某人/物的situation，某事发展的stage，表达某事的某个方面常见的此类先行词还有point,case,position,condition等。

关系副词|where-表示地点的模糊化Judy

getsintoasituation

inwhich(where)shemustproveherselfasacapablepoliceofficer.朱迪陷入了必须证明自己是一名称职警官的处境。从句中不缺主干成分关系副词|Whywhy引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常为reason,why在从句中作______状语，相当于“____________”结构。Thereisthereasonforwhich(why)peoplelovethismovie.这就是人们喜欢这部电影的原因原因for＋which从句中不缺主干成分关系副词句法功能先行词特征介词+whichwhenwherewhy状语表时间表地点表原因关系副词|

总结关系副词引导的陈述句结构都是完整的in/at/onwhichforwhichin/at/onwhich练一练2.Thisisthestation________Imetyou.1.Thisisthecity________Ilivein.3.Thisistheday__________Imetyou.4.Idon’tknowthereason__________hecried.whichatwhichonwhichforwhichwherewherewhenwhyin练一练1.Wevisitedthehouse________thefamousscientistoncelived.2.Thephotoremindedmeofthedays________Iplayedhide-and-seekwithmybrotherandIstayedforsixyears.3.Itwasaperiod________theyhaddiscussionveryfrequently.4.Theproblemhascometoapoint________everyonehasdifferentopinionsanditisdifficulttoreachanagreement.wherewhenwhenwherePART04

定语从句的

介词+关系代词介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.＝Thisistheboywithwhom

Iplayedtennisyesterday.这是昨天跟我打网球的男孩。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.＝Theschoolinwhich

heoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很有名。关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可将介语置于关系代词前，由“介词＋关系代词”引导。介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句Thepencilwiththathewaswritingsuddenlybroke.(×)Thepencil

withwhichhewaswritingsuddenlybroke.(√)Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismybrother.(×)Themanwithwhom

youtalkedjustnowismybrother.(√)刚才跟你谈话的那个人是我的弟弟。若介词放在关系代词前，则关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who/that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句Ihaveover100books,30ofwhichwereboughtlastyear.我有100多本书，其中有30本是去年买的。Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom

arefrombigcities.我们班总共有四十个学生，大多数来自大城市。“介词＋关系代词”前还可有some、any、none、all、both、neither、many、most、each、few等代词或者数词。PART05

非限制性定语从句定语从句分类：限制性vs非限制性限定修饰先行词。①限制性定语从句：Heknowsthemanwhoiscryinginthecar.他认识那个在车里哭的人。补充说明先行词，主从句逗号隔开。②非限制性定语从句：Heknowstheman,whoiscryinginthecar.他认识那个人，那个人正在车里哭。whoiscryinginthecar.theman定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号。非限制性定语从句的引导词引导词(关系词)先行词在定语从句中作的成分关系代词who人主语whom人宾语which物/整个主句主语/宾语whose=ofwhom/

ofwhich人/物定语as人/物/整个主句主语/宾语关系副词when时间名词时间状语where通常是地点名词地点状语非限制性定语从句的引导词(1)在非限制性定语从句中，不能用that来代指人或物，而应当用who/whom指人，用which指物。指人和指物的关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时，也不能省略。指人作宾语时，只能用宾格whom，不能用who替换。(2)非限制性定语从句，不能用why引导，常用forwhich代替why。as引导的非限制性定语从句常见搭配：asweexpected正如我们期待那样/asIremember正如我记得那样Asweallknow,sheisakindperson.总所周知，她是一个善良的人。（as代替她是善良的人这句话）

Sheisateacher,as

isclearfromhermanner.从她的举止中可以看出，她是一名教师（as代替她是一名老师这句话）as是个特殊的关系代词，可代替整个主句，位置可在主句之前或之后。Sheisnotsohappyamanas

youthink.Ihaveneverseenasbeautifulflowers

as

youhave.只用as的情况1.先行词有thesame或such引导或先行词为thesame或such时2.在so…as…或as…as…结构中，先行词前的定语被so或as修饰时Itisthesamesituationas

10yearsagowhenIleft.Suchpeople

as

youdescribearerarenowadays.(2)艾米穿着传统服饰，参加了那里的火把节。Amy,____________________________,tookpartintheTorchFestivalthere.他们去了云南，在那里看到了美丽的雪山。TheywenttoYunnan,_______________________________________________.wheretheyseethebeautifulsnowymountains练一练whoworetraditionalclothes(5)他去了意大利，在那里待了三个月之久。

HewenttoItaly,______________________________________.(3)周六是莉萨的生日，这一天他们会举行一个聚会。

SaturdayisLisa’sbirthday,_______________________________.练一练whentheywillholdaparty.whichmademeveryangry.wherehestayedforthreemonths.(4)她改变了主意，这使我很生气。

Shechangedhermind,_____________________________________.3.Oneoftheboyskeptlaughing,__annoyedJane.A.whichB.thatC.what1.I’mtakingsometourguideclasses,__arequitepopularhere.A.thatB.whichC.who练一练2.Hisdaughter,__isinBeijingnow,iscominghomenextweek.A.whichB.thatC.whoBCA练一练4.Thatisthewriter__bookwasthebest-sellerlastyear.

A.whoB.whomC.whose6.Doyouknowtheman__issittingbehindZhouBo?A.whatB.whichC.who5.Thisisthepostcard__JennysenttomefromLondon.A.whichB.whatC.whomCACPART06

定语从句的考点总结考点总结①关系代词和关系副词的正确选用②只用that的情况③只用which的情况④多用who的情况⑤定语从句的主谓一致考点①关系代词与关系副词的正确选用关系词的选择主要依据先行词在从句中所作的成分而定。Thisistheschoolwhere/inwhichIstudiedlastyear.这就是我去年就读的学校。（study不及物动词）Thisistheschool(which/that)Ivisitedlastyear.这就是我去年参观过的学校。（visit及物动词）方法一：取决于从句中的谓语动词与先行词的关系。如果及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词；如果不及物动词，则要求用关系副词作状语。考点①关系代词与关系副词的正确选用Iwillneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespenttogether.我永远忘不了我们一起度过的那一天。（day作宾语）Iwillneverforgerthedayswhenwejoinedthearmy我永远忘不了我参军的那一天。（day作状语）方法二：判断先行词在定语从句中的成分。如果先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，则选择关系代词；如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，或缺少介词，则选择关系副词。考点②只用that的情况1.当先行词中有人又有物时。

Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?2.当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.考点②只用that的情况3.当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。

ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.4.当先行词被最高级修饰时

。

TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.考点②只用that的情况5.当先行词被序数词修饰时。ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.6.主句中已有who或which时Who

isthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?考点③只用which的情况1.非限制性定语从句中2.介词提至关系代词前时3.先行词为that、those时Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.上个月我们买的房子非常不错。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。What'sthatwhichislyingontheground.躺在地上的东西是什么？考点④that和who都代指人，下面情况多用who1.先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.2.先行词为those,he和people

时。

Those

whowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.He

whodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.考点⑤定语从句的主谓一致关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。Those

whoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudents

who

werepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.PART07

定语从句的巩固练习5.Anyone_____hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.4.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,______madeothersupset.1.Thisistheverything_______Iamafter.2.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_____werememberedatschool.3.Whichisthestar_____isnearesttotheearth?巩固练习Ⅰ填关系词thatthatthatwhichwho6.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof______sataboy7.Themanto______Ispokeisafamousscientist.8.Theboy_______parentsweredeadwasbroughtupbyhisuncle.9.Idon'tliketheway________youspeaktoyourparents.巩固练习Ⅰ填关系词whomwhomwhoseinwhich1.

(1)Thisisthehouse__________Ioncelived.

(2)

Thisisthehouse____________Ioncevisited.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.there2.

(1)

Iwon'tforgetthedays_________westudiedinthecollege.

(2)

Iwon'tforgetthedays________wespenttogether.

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.onwhich3.

(1)TaiwanispartofChina,________isknowntoall.

(2)________isknowntoall,TaiwanispartofChina.

A.that

B.which

C.As

D.Which巩固练习Ⅱ对比练习CABABC4.

(1)Thereason_______heexplainedtomeisunreasonable.

(2)Hecouldn‘tgivetheteacheragoodreason_______hewaslateforschool.

A.why

B.forthat

C.which

D.whose5.(1)Hehasthreedaughters,allof_____aredoctors.

(2)Hehasthreedaughters,andallof_______aredoctors.

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.them巩固练习Ⅱ对比练习CABD6.(1)Hestilllivesintheroom_______windowfacestotheeast.

(2)Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindow_______

facestotheeast.

(3)Hestilllivesintheroom________isinthenorthofthecity

(4)Hestilllivesintheroom_______thereisabeautifultable!

A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.ofw