2026年外语等级考试题库英语阅读与写作

2026年外语等级考试题库：英语阅读与写作阅读理解（共5题，每题2分，总分10分）Passage1(2分)Theriseofremoteworkhasreshapedtheglobaljobmarket,offeringbothopportunitiesandchallengesforemployeesandemployers.CompaniesinEuropeandNorthAmericahaveadaptedbyimplementingflexibleschedules,whichallowworkerstobalanceprofessionalresponsibilitieswithpersonallife.However,thisshifthasalsoraisedconcernsaboutwork-lifeboundariesandproductivity.ArecentstudybytheEuropeanUnionfoundthat40%ofremoteworkersreportfeeling"alwaysconnected,"leadingtoburnout.Meanwhile,inemergingeconomieslikeIndiaandBrazil,remoteworkadoptionisslowerduetoinadequateinfrastructureandculturalresistance.Asthetrendcontinues,businessesmustfindwaystosupporttheirteamswhilemaintainingefficiency.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofremoteworkinEurope.B.Thechallengesofremoteworkglobally.C.Theeconomicimpactofflexibleschedules.D.Theculturaldifferencesinworkstyles.2.Accordingtothestudy,whatisamajorissueforremoteworkers?A.Lackoftechnologicaltools.B.Difficultybalancingworkandlife.C.Limitedcareergrowthopportunities.D.Resistancefromcompanymanagement.Passage2(2分)Sustainabletourismhasbecomeapriorityforgovernmentsandtravelersalike.IncountrieslikeCostaRicaandNewZealand,eco-friendlypracticessuchascarbonoffsettingandwildlifeconservationhaveboostedtourismwhilepreservingnaturalhabitats.However,inmanydevelopingnations,tourismoftenleadstoenvironmentaldegradation.Forexample,theMaldiveshasfacedissueswithcoralreefdamageduetoexcessiveboattraffic.Toaddressthis,theUnitedNationshasproposedstricterregulationsontourismoperations.Additionally,localcommunitiesinplaceslikeKenyahavebenefitedfromcommunity-basedtourism,whichensuresthatprofitsarereinvestedintoconservationefforts.Thesuccessofthesemodelssuggeststhatresponsibletourismcanbebothprofitableandsustainable.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryfocusofsustainabletourism?A.Maximizingprofitsfortravelcompanies.B.Reducingenvironmentalimpact.C.Increasingtouristnumbers.D.Supportinglocaleconomies.2.WhatproblemdoestheMaldivesfaceduetotourism?A.Highunemploymentrates.B.Coralreefdestruction.C.Overcrowdinginpopularareas.D.Lackofinfrastructure.Passage3(2分)Theglobaleducationsystemisundergoingatransformationduetotechnologicaladvancements.IndevelopedcountrieslikeSouthKoreaandFinland,AI-poweredlearningplatformshelppersonalizeeducation,cateringtoindividualstudentneeds.Thesesystemstrackprogressandadjustlessonplansaccordingly.Incontrast,manyAfricannationsstrugglewithlimitedinternetaccessandoutdatedteachingmethods.OrganizationslikeUNESCOareworkingtobridgethisgapbyprovidingdigitalliteracytrainingforeducators.Meanwhile,traditionalmethodsstillplayaroleincountrieslikeJapan,whererotememorizationisvaluedalongsidemoderntechniques.Thefutureofeducationlikelyliesinahybridapproachthatcombinestechnologywithtime-testedpractices.Questions:1.HowareAIsystemsimprovingeducationinsomecountries?A.Byreplacinghumanteachersentirely.B.Byofferingcustomizedlearningexperiences.C.Byincreasingclassroomsizes.D.Byfocusingonlyonexampreparation.2.WhatchallengedomanyAfricanschoolsface?A.Excessiveadministrativebureaucracy.B.Lackoftechnologicalresources.C.Lowstudentmotivation.D.Highteacherturnover.Passage4(2分)Thefashionindustryisincreasinglyadoptingethicalpracticestoaddressitsenvironmentalfootprint.BrandsinItalyandFrancearepioneeringsustainablematerialslikerecycledpolyesterandorganiccotton.Thesealternativeshelpreducewasteandpollution.However,fastfashiongiantsincountriesliketheUnitedStatescontinuetoprioritizeaffordabilityoversustainability.Thishasledtomassivetextilewaste,withmillionsoftonsofclothesendingupinlandfillseachyear.Tocombatthis,somegovernmentshaveimposedtaxesonsingle-useplasticsandencouragedrepair-basedfashion.Consumersarealsobecomingmoreconscious,optingforsecond-handorvintageclothing.Theshifttowardethicalfashionisreshapingconsumerbehaviorandindustrystandards.Questions:1.Whatisakeysolutiontothefashionindustry’senvironmentalproblems?A.Increasingproductiontomeetdemand.B.Usingsustainablematerials.C.Expandingglobalmarkets.D.Reducingadvertisingbudgets.2.Whatisamajorissuewithfastfashion?A.Highlaborcosts.B.Limitedstyleoptions.C.Excessivewaste.D.Slowdeliverytimes.Passage5(2分)Urbanizationhastransformedcitiesworldwide,bringingbothprogressandsocialissues.InTokyoandSingapore,smartcityinitiativesimprovetransportationandpublicservicesthroughdata-drivensolutions.However,rapidurbangrowthincitieslikeLagosandMumbaihasledtoovercrowdingandinadequatehousing.TheWorldBankestimatesthatby2050,68%oftheglobalpopulationwillliveinurbanareas,makingsustainableurbanplanningcrucial.Solutionsincludebuildinggreenspaces,promotingpublictransportation,andenforcingzoninglawstopreventsprawl.Withoutpropermanagement,megacitiesriskbecomingunlivable.Questions:1.Whatbenefitdosmartcitiesoffer?A.Highercrimerates.B.Improvedinfrastructure.C.Decreasedpopulationgrowth.D.Morejobopportunities.2.Whatisasignificantchallengeinrapidlygrowingcities?A.Lowpollutionlevels.B.Limitedpublicservices.C.Higheconomicgrowth.D.Abundanthousingsupply.写作（共2题，每题5分，总分10分）Essay1(5分)Topic:Manypeoplebelievethatremoteworkhasmadetheworkplacemoreflexible,butothersarguethatithasledtopoorwork-lifebalance.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Instructions:Writea5-paragraphessay(approximately250-300words).Essay2(5分)Topic:Environmentaltourismisgainingpopularityasawaytoprotectnaturalhabitats.Somepeoplethinkitisthebestapproach,whileothersbelievetraditionaltourismshouldbepreserved.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeach?Instructions:Writea5-paragraphessay(approximately250-300words).答案与解析阅读理解答案与解析Passage11.B.Thechallengesofremoteworkglobally.-Thepassagediscussesbothbenefits(flexibility)andchallenges(work-lifebalance,burnout)acrossdifferentregions,makingBthemostaccurateanswer.2.B.Difficultybalancingworkandlife.-TheEUstudyhighlightsthat40%ofremoteworkersfeel"alwaysconnected,"indicatingwork-lifeconflict.Passage21.B.Reducingenvironmentalimpact.-Thepassageemphasizessustainablepracticeslikeeco-friendlytourismandconservation,aligningwiththisanswer.2.B.Coralreefdestruction.-ThetextspecificallymentionscoralreefdamageintheMaldivesduetotourism.Passage31.B.Byofferingcustomizedlearningexperiences.-AIsystemsaredescribedaspersonalizingeducationbasedonindividualprogress.2.B.Lackoftechnologicalresources.-ThepassagenoteslimitedinternetaccessandoutdatedmethodsinAfricanschools.Passage41.B.Usingsustainablematerials.-Thetexthighlightsrecycledpolyesterandorganiccottonassolutionstofashion’senvironmentalissues.2.C.Excessivewaste.-Fastfashioniscriticizedforproducinglargeamountsoflandfillwaste.Passage51.B.Improvedinfrastructure.-Smartcitiesarenotedforbettertransportationandpublicservices.2.B.Limitedpublicservices.-Rapidurbangrowthislinkedtoovercrowdingandinadequatehousing.写作答案与解析Essay1SampleAnswer:Remoteworkhasbecomeadefiningfeatureofthemodernworkplace,sparkingdebatesaboutitsimpactonflexibilityandwork-lifebalance.Proponentsarguethatitallowsemployeestoavoidcommuting,settheirownschedules,andachievegreaterautonomy.Forinstance,a2023surveybyLinkedInfoundthat70%ofremoteworkersreporthigherjobsatisfaction.However,criticscontendthatremoteworkblursthelinebetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,leadingtoburnout.Manyemployeesfeelpressuredtoremainavailableatallhours,asseenintechcompanieswhereafter-hoursemailsarecommon.Inmyopinion,whileremoteworkoffersbenefits,itrequiresstrongself-disciplinea