阅读理解专项练习-高考英语一轮复习

阅睡解谶习

（一）

InthewarmwatersoftheCaribbean,boxjellyfishcarefullydodgetherootsof

mangroveswhilehuntingforfood.Whetherthewaterisclearornot,thetinycreatures

avoidbumpingintotheroots.Buthowdotheyfigureouthowtoswimaroundtheroots,

evenwhenlowwaterqualitymakesthemdifficulttoseewithsimpleeyesandlackofa

centralnervoussystem.MTheanswerwas,theycanlearnthis,nsaysAndersGarm,a

biologistattheUniversityofCopenhagen.

Tobetterunderstandtieboxjellieslearningabilities,scientistsconductedsome

experiments.Theresearcherslinedtheinsideofabucketwithimagesofalternating

verticalstripes.Inonescenario,thestripeswerehigh-contrastblackandwhite,which

wasdesignedtoresemblemangroverootsinclearwater.Inanother,thestripeswere

grayandwhite*whichwasmeanttoresembletherootsinmurkywater.

Asexpected,inthebucketwiththehighcontrast,thejellieseasilyavoidedcolliding

withthewall.Inthemurkywater,however,thecreaturesinitiallybumpedintothewall.

Butittooklessthaneightminutesforthemtoadjusttheirbehavior.Inafinalscenario,

theyplacedthejellyfishintoabucketwithjustagraywall.Thecreaturesrepeatedly

collidedwiththewallandneverchangedtheirbehavior.

Mltwasonlywhentheyhadacombinationofvisualandmechanicalstimulationthat

theywouldactuallylearnsomething,"saysJanBielecki,anauthoroftheexperiments.

Next,theteamremovedtherhopalia-fourcentersofvision-fromthejellyfishandput

theminadish.Theygavethecellsasmallelectricalpulsetosimulatethejellyfish

bumpingintoamangroverootwhileexposingthemtostripedimages.Injustabojtfive

minutes,thecellsappearedtomaketheconnectionbetweenthetwooccurrencesand

begansendingsignalsthatwouldcauseajellyfishtoswimintheoppositedirection.

Basedontheresultsoftheexperiments,scientistsbelievetherhopaliaarewhere

learninghappens.Ifthat'strue,scientistsarestillleftpuzzlingoverhowthefourrhopalia

worktogethertomakeupafunctioning,brain-likesystem.

1.WhatmakestheCaribbeanboxjellyfishlivesalelyaroundmangroves?

A.Theclearwater.B.Thesufficientfood.

C.Theirlearningability.D.Theirnervoussystem.

2.Whatdidscientistsfoundinexperiments?

A.Theboxjellyfishcanlearnatafastspeed.

B.Theboxjellyfishcantelldifferentcolors.

C.Theboxjellyfishcanlearnwellinclearwater.

D.Theboxjellyfishcanlearneach-othersbehavior.

3.Whyweretherhopaliaremovedfromthejellyfish?

A.Toproveitsremarkableeyesight.

B.Totestthevisionseffectonitslearning.

C.Toexamineitsresponsestostripedimages.

D.Toexploremangroverootsfunctiononitslearning.

4.Whatremainsapuzzletoscientists?

A.Therhopaliasroleinjellyfishlearning.

B.Theworkingmechanismoftherhopalia.

C.Thebrain-likeappearanceoftherhopalia.

D.Thelayoutoftherhopaliainsideboxjellyfish.

(-)

BornandraisedintheJorhatdistrictofAssam,India,MahanChandraBorah,son

ofafarmer,wasacuriousreader.Asayoungboy,Mahanoftenhelpedhisfatherout

inthefields."WorkingwithhiminthefieldsiswhereIlearntallIknowaboutfarming,“he

says.**Ourfamilywasquitehumbleandwedidnothavealotofmoney.SoIhadtostop

schoolearlyandgrewrice."

WhileMahangrewrice,hefoundpeoplewereunawareofhundredsofvarietiesof

riceinhiscountry."Thisunawarenessisleadingtotheirextinction,andIwantedtodo

somethingaboutit,“recallsMahan.TheresultwastheformationofAnnapurnaRice

Library—ahubofnotonlypreservedindigenousseedsbutalsoallthings'rice.

Talkingabouthispersonalfavoritetypeofrice,Mahansays,"Whilealltheserice

varietiesaremyfavorites,BhaoDhanisverygood.Itisverytoughinnatureardcan

adapteasilytotheflood-pronenatureofAssam.Itcansurvivelongperiodsofbeng

submergedinwater/However,theloweryieldperhectarehasbeenafactorasthe

farmersdonotprefertogrowtherice.

Mahanhasmanagedtocollectandpreserve500+varietiesofindigenousrice

varieties.Thelibraryisalsoagenebankofindigenousseedsthatarefastdisappearing

notonlyfromAssambutalsofromotherpartsofthecountryaswell.Besides,thelibrary

isopenforanyonetovisitandtakeseedsoftherice.Farmersarefreetotaketheseeds

andtrytogrowthemattheirfarms.

Forthelast15years,Mahanhasoperatedhislibraryonhisownfunds.uMyfields

produceenoughformyfamilyandIselltheexcessinthemarket.Lackoffundshas

becomeanissuebutIammanagingsomehowandIamsurethelibrarywillstayalive,”

hesays.

1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutyoungMahan?

A.Helearnedhowtogrowrice.

B.Hereceivedagoodeducation.

C.Helivedhappilywithhisfather.

D.Hedevelopedinterestinfarming.

2.WhatledMahantoestablishAnnapurnaRiceLibrary?

A.ThevarietiesofriceinIndia.

B.Theextinctrice-growingtechniques.

C.Thepublicignoranceofdifferentrice.

D.Thegreatdemandforindigenousseeds.

3.Whymightsomericefaceextinction?

A.Itproducesbadly.

B.Itcan'tstandflood.

C.Itdoesn'ttastegood.

Theindustryalsofacesthechallenges,fromglobalizationtosourcingprecious

materials.Forexample,thediscoveryofquartztechnologyinthe1970sand1980shook

theentiretrade.ThenumberofSwisswatchcompaniesshrankfrom1,600to600,

causingathoughtforacraftencasedinheritage.HThecompaniesthatsurvivedthose

crisesprovethataslowartisancraftcankeeppaceinahurriedhigh-techworld,"says

CarleneStephens,atechnologycuratorattheSmitnsonian.

1.WhatledwatchmakngtodevelopfastinValleedeJouxatfirst?

A.Theuniquenatural^sources.

B.TheshortdistancefromFrance.

C.Theincreaseinlocalpopulation.

D.Thetime-honoredindustrialtradition.

2.WhydidfarmershousesinValleedeJouxchangebythe17thcentury?

A.Todecreaselifecost.

B.Tocombatharshwinters.

C.Tofacilitatewatchmaking.

D.Topromotewatchmakingtrade.

3.WhatdoesNathalieVeyssetwanttoconvey?

A.WatchmakingpopularizesSwiss.

B.WatchmakingmakesSwissesproud.

C.WatchmakingiswidelyfoundinSwiss.

D.Watchmakingshowstopcraftsmanship.

4.WhatisCarlene'sattitudetothefutureofSwisswatchmakinginthetechera?

A.Concerned.B.Indifferent.

C.Mixed.D.Optimistic.

（四）

Sponges.Isthereanythingtheycan'tdo?Forthousandsofyears,humanshave

useddriednaturalspongestocleanup,topaintandasvesselstoconsumefludslike

waterorhoney.Whethersynthetic（合成的）ornatural,spongesaregreatatabsorbing

tinyparticlesintheirmanypores（空隙）.

InAugust,researchersinChinapublishedastudydescribingtheirdevelopmentofa

syntheticspongethatmakesshortworkofmicroscopicplasticdebris（碎片）.Intests,

theresearchersshowthatwhenaspeciallypreparedplastic-f川edsolutionispushed

throughoneoftheirsponges,thespongecanremovebothmicroplasticsandeven

smallerNanoplasticsfrorrtheliquid.Theytrieditineverythingfromtapwaterand

seawatertosoupfromalocaltakeoutspot.

AccordingtoGuoqingWang,amaterialschemistatOceanUniversityofChinaand

co-authoronthepaper,thespongeformulaisadjustable.Thesponges,ifever

producedatanindustrialscale,Wangsays,couldbeusedinwastewatertreatment

plantstofiltermicroplasticsoutofthewaterorinfoodproductionfacilitiestoavod

pollutingwater.

Thereareshortcomingstothespongespotentialadoption,though.The

plastic-gobblingspongesaremademostlyfromstarchandgelatin.ChristianAdlhart,a

chemistatZurichUniversityofAppliedSciencesinSv/itzerland,saysstarchandgelatin

areimportanttothefoodindustry,meaningthattherecouldbecompetitionforthekey

ingredientsinthefuture.

Besides,starchandgelatinareallbiodegradable.However,theprocessdeveloped

byWangandhiscolleaguestomaketheirspongeusesformaldehyde,ahighly

poisonouscompound,andthereweretracesofthisinthespongesthemselves.

Whenitcomestocleaningupmicroplasticpollutionintheocean,AliceHortonat

theUnitedKingdom'sNationalOceanographyCentersayssheisconfidentaboutisthat

effortstoremovemicroplasticsaftertheyhavealreadyreachedtheoceanareprobably

doomedtofail.uldon'tthinkthereisanythingwecandoonalargeenoughscalethatwill

haveanyimpact,“shesays.,4Wehavetostopitgettingthereinthefirstplace."

1.Whatcanwesayaboutspongesinparagraph1?

A.Theyarewidely-used.

B.Theymainlyexistinnature.

C.Theydependheavilyonwater.

D.Theyarehometotinyparticles.

2.WhatisthedistinctivefeatureofChinasnewsponges?

A.Theadjustablesizesandstyles.

B.Theapplicationinvarioussolutions.

C.Theabsorptioncapacityofmicroplastics.

D.Theabilitytobreakingdownplasticdebris.

3.WhatmayputChinasnewspongesatadisadvantageaccordingtoAdlhart?

A.Therawmaterials.

B.Thepoisonousby-products.

C.Theintensemarketcompetition.

D.Thecomplexmakingprocess.

4.WhatdoesAliceHortonthinkofthespongesfunctioninremovingplasticinthe

ocean?

A.Significant.Unidentified.

C.Predictive.D.Impractical.

（五）

FourWaysToReduceHouseholdEnergyUseInWinter

1.Airdrylaundry

Washingmachinestypicallyuse05kilowatthoursfora9kgwash,lessthanthe082

kilowatthoursusedonaveragebyhandwashingasmuchlesshotwaterisrequired.

Tumbledryersusealetofenergy,withasinglecycleusingabout45kilowatthours.

Byairdryinglaundry,theaveragehouseholdcouldsaveover£130ayear.

2.Uselesshotwater

Ashowerlastingnineminutesusesaround43kilowatthoursofgasandcosts44p.

Reducingtosixminutes,householdscansave15p.

Fixalow-flowshowernead,andashowerw川consumelesshotwater.For

householdsthataveragetwonine-minuteshowersaday,thiscouldsaveover£100

peryear.

However,alow-flowshowerheadw川onlyworkwellwherethewaterpressureis

high.

3.Makebetteruseofheating

Thermostaticradiatorvalves（散热器恒温控制阀）cancontrolthetemperatureacross

rooms.Theyregulatetheflowofhotwaterandadjustthetemperatureforeachroom.

However,thedoorsbetweenroomsshouldremainclosedtopreventenergybeing

wasted.

4.Maximiseinsulation（隔热）

Secondaryglassintheformofwindowshutterscanhalvetheamountofheatlost

throughasingleglass,savingtheaveragehomeover£50peryear.Butfixingwindow

shuttersonabuildingsoutsidemayrequireplanningpermission.

Closingcurtainsrepresentsacheaperwayofkeepingheat.Researchindicates

curtainscanreducetheamountofheatlostthroughwindowsbyupto38%.

1.Whydoeshandwashingcostmoreenergycomparedwithmachinewashing?

A.Ittakesgreaterphysicalstrength.

B.Itrequiresmuchhotterwater.

C.Itconsumesmorev/ashingpowder.

D.Itmeansmoreenergytodryclothes.

2.Howmanywaysaresuggestedtobathewithlesshotwater?

A.Five.B.Four.C.Three.D.Two.

3.Whatshouldbedonebeforefixingwindowshuttersonabuildingsoutside?

A.Askingforplanningpermission.

B.Evaluatingallthepotentialrisks.

C.Keepingtheinsidedoorsclosed.

D.Loweringtheindoortemperature.

（六）

Intheearlypartofhislife,SeiichiSanowasabusybusinessowner.Laterinlife,he

tookonotherdifficultactivities.Attheageof80,hecimbedMountFuji,Japanshighest

mountain.Soonafter,hestartedsurfing.

Sanoturned90earlierthisyear.HewasrecognizedbyGuinnessWorldRecordsas

theoldestmaletosurf.“IthinkitwouldbeinterestingtotrytosurfuntilIm100,“Sano

said."IthinkItakebettercareofmyselfwhenIhavegoalslikethis.Evennow,Itake

bettercareofmyselfthanIdidbefore."

Sanolivesinaplaceabout20minutesfromYokohama.Hegetsoutmostweekends

ontheblack-sandbeachnearEnoshima.Itisthesmallislandthatheldsailing

competitionsduringthe2020TokyoSummerOlympicGames.Sanosaidhegottheidea

totrysurfingfromaworkerathislocalbank.Theman'sskinwasalwaystan（黄褐色的）

andhedidn'tlooklikeausualbanker.Hissecret,hesaid,wassurfing.So,Sano

foundateacher.

SanojoinedhundredsofothersurfersatEnoshima.Allthesurferswereyounger.

SeveralstudentswhoalsoworkwithSanossurfteacher,46-year-oldKazutoShimizu,

talkedaboutSano.**lthinkagedoesn'tmatterinsurfing."12-year-oldIrohaShimabukuro

said.HertwinsisterFukaadded,"He'smorelikeafamilymemberregardlessofage."“I

thinkhe'samazing,“saidtheiryoungerbrother,Shua.RokkaSaito,theotheryoung

surferinthegroupoffour,summeditup：”Irespecthim.”

Sanostillrunsabusinessthatsupplieswoodtobuildingcompanies.Heworks9-to-5

atthejob.Surfingeasestensionforhim.Hesaid,°Ihaveneverthoughtofmyselfasan

oldperson.IalwaysfeelthatIcanstillmoveforward.Icanstilldoit.Icanstillenjoyit”

1.WhatdoweknowaboutSeiichiSano?

A.Hesufferedagreatlossinhisbusiness.

B.Hedidn'tleadahealthylifeinthepast.

C.HewastheoldesttoclimbMountFuji.

D.Heiscrazyaboutchallengingactivities.

2.WhydidSeiichiSanotakeonsurfing?

A.Hepreparedfor2022OlympicGames.

B.Heintendedtoprovehisphysicalstate.

C.Hewasinfluencedbyalocalbanker.

D.Hewantedtoexperienceexcitement.

3.WhatisParagraph4about?

A.Surfingisverypopularamongyoungsters.

B.YoungsurfersspeakhighlyofSeiichiSano.

C.Traditionalcommentsonsurfingarewrong.

D.KazutoShimizuisarespectablesurfteacher.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeSeiichiSano?

A.Confidentandhumorous.

B.Competitiveandcareful.

C.Determinedandpositive.

D.Successfulandgenerous.

（七）

AnewreportlaunchedontheeveofthefirstmajorUN.conferenceonwaterinover

45yearssayswaterusehasbeenincreasinggloballybyroughly1%peryearoverthe

last40years,andisexpectedtogrowatasimilarratethroughto2050,drivenbya

combinationofpopulationgrowth,socio-economicdevelopmentandchanging

consumptionpatterns.

RichardConnor,editor-in-chiefofthereport,saidthatactualincreaseindemandis

happeningindevelopingcountriesandemergingeconomieswhereitisdrivenby

industrialgrowthandespeciallytherapidincreaseinthepopulationofcities.Hltisin

theseurbanareasthatyou'rehavinganevidentincreaseindemand,"hesaid.

Withagricultureusing70%ofallwaterglobally,Connorsaid,“irrigation（灌溉）for

cropshastobemoreefficient——asitisinsomecountriesthatnowusedripirrigation,

whichsaveswater.Thatalowswatertobeavailabletocities.M

Asaresultofclimatechange,thereportsaid,"Seasonalwaterlackwillincreasein

regionswhereitiscurrentlyabundant——suchasCentralAfrica,EastAsiaandpartsof

SouthAmerica—andworseninregionswherewaterisalreadyinshortsupply,suchas

theMiddleEastandtheSaharainAfrica."Onaverage,10%oftheglobalpopulation

livesincountrieswithhighorcriticalwaterstress——andupto35billionpeopleliveunder

conditionsofwaterstressatleastonemonthayear.

Asforwaterpollution,Connorsaidthebiggestsourceofpollutionisuntreated

wastewater."Globally,80percentofwastewaterisreleasedtotheenvironmentwithout

anytreatment,andinmanydevelopingcountriesitsprettymuch99%,“hesaid.

Theseandotherissuesincludingprotectingwaterecosystems,improving

managementofwaterresources,increasingwaterreuseandpromotingcooperation

acrossbordersonwaterusewillbetouchedonduringthethree-dayU.N.Water

Conference.

1.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwaterusefromthereport?

A.Itwillamounttothepeakin2050.

B.Itisheaviestindevelopednations.

C.Ithasanobviousincreaseincities.

D.Itcandetermineeconomicgrowth.

2.WhatseemstobeRichardConnorsattitudetov/ardsdripirrigations?

A.Doubtful.

B.Confused.

C.Indifferent.

D.Supportive.

3.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Climateproblemisworseningwatersupply.

B.Africancountriesareshortofwatersources.

C.Populationissueisthekeytowatershortage.

D.Waterqualityvarieswithseasonandregion.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"touchedon”underlinedinthelast

paragraph?

A.Replaced.

B.Discussed.

C.Advanced.

D.Compared.

（八）

Sincesoysaucewasfirstinventedmorethantwothousandyearsago,ithas

conqueredjustabouttheentireworld.Itisappliedeverywhere：itcanbeaddeddirectly

tofood；addedontopofrice,ornoodles；insomeplaces,ifsevenanicecream

flavor.

However,over-consumingsoysauceissurprisinglydeadly.Thereasonispretty

muchthesamereasonwhyit'ssotasty：saltcontent.Justonetablespooncontains

morethanathirdofrecommendeddailyintakeofsodium（钠），makingiteasytogetan

unhealthydiet.Pushthelimittoofar,though,andyou'reheadingtowardsdisaster.For

example,a19-year-oldmandownedalmostafullliter,onlytoendupwithcoma（昏

迷）.Luckily,hewasrushedtotheUniversityofVirginiaMedicalCenterandtreated

quicklyintheemergencyroom-withinfourhours,hewasbeingfed6litersofsugary

fluid.Itworkedfast：afteranhour,hissodiumlevelsreturnedtonormal.

AccordingtoDavidJCarlbergwhotreatedthepatient,toomuchsaltintheblood

causeshypernatremia（高钠血症）,inwhichwatermovesoutoftissuesinanattemptto

balancesaltlevelsbetweenthemandtheblood.Itsverytoxic：notonlycanitcause

deadlyfluidbuildupsinthelung,butaswaterleavesthebrain,theorgancanshrink

andbleed.

Somehow,thispatientescapedfromtheexperience-althoughthecasereport

notedthathisbloodsodiumlevelasmeasuredatthehospitalwasthehighesteverseen

inanadultthathadn'tdiedbecauseofit.Byrights,heshouldn'thavebeensolucky：a

deadlyamountofsodiumcanoccuratlevelsaslowas05to1gramofsaltperkilogram

ofbodyweight.

So,nexttimeyoufeellikeaddingjustabitmoresoysaucethanrecommended,

remember：Don'tgooverboard.Itmightbeatastyadditiontoyourmeal,butifs

probablynotworthatriptotheemergencyroom.

1.WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellus?

A.Soysauceistheearliestinvention.

B.Soysaucesellswellinthemarket.

C.Soysaucehasavarietyoffunctions.

D.Soysauceisn'taspopularasbefore.

2.WhatisthepurposeoftheexampleinParagraph2?

A.Toexplorethenormalintakeofsodium.

B.Toexplaintheharmofheavysoysauce.

C.TopraiseCarlbergforhismedicalskills.

D.Toshowtheclinicalapplicationofsugar.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“toxic”underlinedinParagraph3?

A.Flexible.

B.Complex.

C.Energetic.

D.Dangerous.

4.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewithaboutsoysauce?

A.Itsintakeshouldbeunderpropercontrol.

B.Itsqualityneedstobeimprovedurgently.

C.Itshouldbelimitedbelow05gramdaily.

D.Ithassomethingtodowithmanydiseases.

参考答案与解析

（一）

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍加勒比的箱形水母具有快速的学习能力。

1.C.细节理解题。根据文章第i段中“thetinycreaturesavoidbumpingintothe

roots...Theanswerwas,theycanlearnthis”可知，箱形水母的学习能力使得其可以在

红树林周围安全地生活。

2.A.推理判断题。文章第三段提到“在浑浊的水中，箱形水母最初撞到了墙上。但它们

用了不到八分钟的时间来调整自己的行为。”从中可知，箱形水母的行为改变就是其学习发

生的结果。所以说，箱形水母学习的速度很快。

3.B.推理判断题。文章第四段提到“科学家认为只有当箱形水母受到视觉和机械刺激的

结合时，它们才会真正学到一•些东西”，接着在第五段中提到“科学家把箱形水母的视觉中心

剥离出来，进行轻微的电击进而观察其对水母运动行为的影响”，所以说，把箱形水母的视

觉中心剥离出来的目的是为了研究视觉对箱形水母学习能力的影响。

4.B.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Ifthatstrue,scientistsarestillleftpuzzling

overhowthefourrhopaliaworktogethertomakeupafunctioning,brain-likesystem.M

可知，依然令科学家疑惑的是箱形水母四个视觉中心是怎样协同工作的，也就是rhopalia

的工作机制。

（二）

本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍MahanChandraBorah创立水稻种子图书馆Annapurna

RiceLibrary保护当地水稻的故事。

1.A.理解具体信息。根据文章第一段中“Asayoungboy,Mahanoftenhelpedhis

fatheroutinthefields.'WorkingwithhiminthefieldsiswhereIlearntallIknowabout

farming,"可知，Mahan在年轻的时候学会了种植水稻。

2.C.推理。文章第二段提到“Mahan发现人们不知道当地水稻有很多种，而这种无知

导致了一些水稻的灭绝，所以他创立了AnnapurnaRiceLibrary"，所以说，人们对不同水

稻的无知促使Mahan创立了AnnapurnaRiceLibraryo

3.A.推理。根据第三段中“theloweryieldperhectarehasbeenafactorasthefarmers

donotprefertogrowtherice”可知，BhaoDhan的产量低是人们不喜欢种植的原因。所以

当人们不种植这个水稻，这种水稻最终会走向灭绝。

4.D.理解大意。纵观A文内容可知，Mahan年轻时种植水稻，了解到了一些当地水稻

面临灭绝的状况，然后成立AnnapurnaRiceLibrary让农民可以免费选择一些水稻的种子

进行种植，进而保全那些濒危的水稻种子。所以说，Mahan是一个水稻种子的拯救者。

（三）

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍瑞士制表业在其摇篮Va诞edeJoux的发展史。

1.A.理解具体信息。根据第二段中Withamonopolyofnaturalresourcessuchasa

flowingalpinelake,richirondeposits,andgentian,watchmakingrapidlydeveloped

andflourishedinValleedeJoux.可知，制衣业得以在ValleedeJoux快速发展得益于当地

独特的自然资源。

2.C.推理。第三段提到年轻人学习制表，从而当地的房屋发生改变，因为这样这些年

轻的制表匠可以借助自然光来设计和制表。也就是说，房屋的改变是为了给制表提供便利。

3.B.推理。第四段中NathalieVeysset认为瑞士制表是瑞士人身份的象征，是顶级优

品，享誉全球，可见，NathalieVeysset认为瑞士人以制表为荣。

4.D.推理。最后一段Carlene提到了瑞士制表也曾遭遇危机，但是幸存下来了，并且

这种慢手工技艺可以适应快节奏的科技变革，所以说Carlene对瑞士制表在科技时代的前

景持一种乐观的态度。

（四）

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国科学家研发了一种合成海绵，这种海绵具有很强

的吸附塑料微粒的能力。

1.A.理解具体信息。根据文章第一段中“Sponges.Isthereanythingtheycantdo?

Forthousandsofyears,humanshaveuseddriednaturalspongestocleanup,topaint

andasvesselstoconsumefluidslikewaterorhoney.”可知，海绵被广泛地使用。

2.C.理解具体信息。根据文章第二段中"whenaspeciallypreparedplastic-filled

solutionispushedth