2026年中石油职称英语考试模拟试题及答案

2026年中石油职称英语考试模拟试题及答案PartI词汇选择（共20题，每题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的一项，并将答案写在题后括号内。1.Thenewdownholetelemetrysystemcantransmitpressurepulsesataratethatfarexceedsconventionalmud-pulsetools.A.surpassesB.stabilizesC.replicatesD.underestimates()2.BeforecommissioningthesubseaChristmastree,thecrewhadtopurgetheumbilicallineswithdrynitrogentoeliminateresidualmoisture.A.cleanseB.lubricateC.pressurizeD.insulate()3.Thegeochemistarguedthattheanomalousδ13Cvalueswereindicativeofathermogenicratherthanabiogenicgasorigin.A.normalB.exceptionalC.negligibleD.cyclic()4.Aprudentoperatorwillalwayscontingency-planforablowoutscenarioeveniftheprobabilityappearsremote.A.negligibleB.unforeseenC.distantD.calculable()5.Therheologicalprofileoftheinvert-emulsiondrillingfluidwasmeticulouslytunedtopreventbaritesagunderstaticconditions.A.viscosityB.densityC.filtrationD.conductivity()6.Duringthehydraulicfracturingtreatment,theinstantaneousshut-inpressurewasusedtocalibratetheminimumhorizontalstress.A.verifyB.ignoreC.amplifyD.predict()7.Therefineryrevampprojectaimedtomaximizemiddle-distillateyieldwhilecurtailingresidueoutput.A.extendingB.reducingC.stabilizingD.exporting()8.AcomprehensiveHSEauditrevealedthatthecontractor’sladderplacementviolatedthethree-pointcontactrule.A.inspectionB.forecastC.waiverD.guideline()9.Thecorrosioncouponretrievedfromthepipelineshowedlocalizedpittingreminiscentofmicrobiallyinfluencedcorrosion.A.uniformB.isolatedC.catastrophicD.cosmetic()10.Thereservoirmodelwashistory-matchedbyadjustingtheaquiferstrengthmultiplieruntilthewater-cuttrendconverged.A.divergedB.alignedC.fluctuatedD.decelerated()11.Tomitigateannularpressurebuildup,thecasingdesignincorporatedarupturediskratedat5000psi.A.intensifyB.relieveC.monitorD.sustain()12.Thepetrographernotedthatthesandstone’sfeldspargrainshadundergoneextensivedissolution,creatingsecondaryporosity.A.precipitationB.erosionC.leachingD.cementation()13.TheLNGcargo’sgrosscalorificvaluewasstipulatedinthesalesandpurchaseagreementtobenolessthan1050BTU/scf.A.requiredB.estimatedC.waivedD.discounted()14.Duringthedrill-stemtest,thewellexhibitedaskinfactorof–2,implyingsignificantnear-wellborestimulation.A.damageB.improvementC.uncertaintyD.deviation()15.Thefiscalmeteringskidwasequippedwithaproverlooptoperiodicallyverifytheultrasonicflowmeter’saccuracy.A.calibrateB.bypassC.isolateD.lubricate()16.Thewaxappearancetemperatureofthecrudewasdeterminedbycross-polarizedmicroscopyduringcontrolledcooling.A.dissolutionB.nucleationC.precipitationD.saturation()17.Theoffshoreplatform’slivingquartersweredesignedtowithstanda100-yearreturn-periodtyphoon.A.tolerateB.forecastC.evacuateD.amplify()18.Asuddenspikeincasingpressurewasattributedtoatubingleakthatallowedannulargastomigrate.A.dropB.surgeC.stabilizationD.equalization()19.Thepolymer-floodpilotindicatedanincrementaloilrecoveryof8%OOIPafterfiveyearsofinjection.A.additionalB.theoreticalC.residualD.ultimate()20.Thegeomechanicalstudyconcludedthatthecaprock’stensilestrengthwasinsufficienttocontainahigh-pressureCO₂plume.A.compressionB.shearC.fractureD.cohesion()PartII完形填空（共20题，每题1分，共20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在题后括号内。PassageThejourneyfromwildcatexplorationtofull-fielddevelopmenthasalwaysbeenpunctuatedbyuncertainty.Intheearly21stcentury,theindustry’scollectivegazeturnedtowardultra-deepwaterhorizonswherereservoirsliebeneathmorethan3000mofwaterandtwicethatdepthofsalt.Drillingthroughsucha21sectiondemandsrisersystemscapableof2220000psiofwellborepressurewhile23theaggressivechemistriesofhydrogensulfideandcarbondioxide.Toevaluatethecommercialityoftheseprospects,engineers24high-resolution3-Dseismiccubesilluminatedbyfull-waveforminversion.Yeteventhemost25imagesremainnon-unique,necessitatingappraisalwellswhosecostcan26halfabilliondollars.Onceadiscoveryisdeclared,thedevelopmentconceptmust27theparadoxofmaximizingrecoverywhileminimizingcapitalexposure.Forstrandedgas,the28oftenconvergesonfloatingliquefiednaturalgas(FLNG)facilitiesthatliquefyhydrocarbonsatsea,29theneedforlong-distancepipelines.Thefront-endengineeringdesign(FEED)phaseis30byiterativeloopsofreservoirsimulation,facilitiessizing,andeconomicoptimization.Asingleoversimplification—31theproductivityindexby20%—cancascadeintoatopsidebottleneckthat32billionsinnetpresentvalue.Consequently,probabilisticworkflowsembed33ofsubsurface,cost,andscheduleuncertaintiesintoasinglestochasticmodel.Subseahardwaremustsurvivedecadesofsaltwaterexposure;hence,super-duplexstainlesssteelsare34formanifoldblocks,andtitaniumstressjointsmitigate35fatigueinsteelcatenaryrisers.Meanwhile,digitaltwinscontinuouslyingestdatafromfiber-opticpressuregauges,36engineerstodetecthydrateformationhoursbeforeitjeopardizesflowassurance.Astheprojectmovestowardcommissioning,theoperatingcompany37areadinessassessmentthatscrutinizeseverythingfromemergency-shutdownlogictocybersecurityprotocols.Onlywhenthecumulativeriskscorefallsbelowapredefinedthresholdwilltheboard38finalinvestmentdecision(FID).Evenaftersanction,thelearningcurveremainssteep:firstoilmaybe39bystartupdelays,andtheplateaurateoften40belowthestochasticP50.21.A.overburdenB.underburdenC.interbeddedD.laterally-extensive()22.A.withstandingB.transmittingC.amplifyingD.regulating()23.A.enhancingB.resistingC.monitoringD.generating()24.A.invertB.migrateC.invertD.leverage()25.A.refinedB.blurredC.decryptedD.constrained()26.A.approximateB.dwarfC.undercutD.reimburse()27.A.circumventB.reconcileC.extrapolateD.postpone()28.A.dilemmaB.consensusC.deadlockD.trade-off()29.A.obviatingB.amplifyingC.postponingD.complicating()30.A.punctuatedB.derailedC.acceleratedD.camouflaged()31.A.overestimatingB.underestimatingC.stabilizingD.linearizing()32.A.erodesB.escalatesC.reinstatesD.collateralizes()33.A.realizationsB.portfoliosC.permutationsD.regressions()34.A.specifiedB.downgradedC.recycledD.anodized()35.A.vortex-inducedB.pressure-inducedC.temperature-inducedD.chemically-induced()36.A.empoweringB.discouragingC.deludingD.blacklisting()37.A.defersB.orchestratesC.sidelinesD.boycotts()38.A.deferB.ratifyC.concealD.hedge()39.A.precededB.trailedC.annulledD.outpaced()40.A.undershootsB.overshootsC.stabilizesD.replicates()PartIII阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案，并将答案写在题后括号内。PassageATheconceptof“resilience”hasmigratedfromecologytopetroleumeconomics.Inthe2020s,low-carbontransitionrisksforcedoperatorstoreclassifyreservesaccordingtotheircarbonintensityratherthanmeregeologicalcertainty.AbarrelofoilfromathermalEORprojectinCalifornia,forinstance,carriestwicetheCO₂equivalentperenergyunitcomparedwithpre-saltbarrelsoffshoreBrazil.Portfoliomanagersnowapplyaninternalcarbonpricethatescalates5%perannum,effectivelydiscountingfuturecashflowsofhigh-carbonassets.Thisshadowpricinghasredirectedcapitaltowardshort-cyclebarrelswithloweremissionsprofiles,acceleratingthedeclineofmaturewaterfloodprovinces.Yetthestrategyisnotwithoutperil:over-relianceonshalesweetspotsdepletesinventoryfasterthanreplacementviaexploration,creatinga“carboncliff”onceTier1locationsareexhausted.41.Theprimarypurposeofreclassifyingreservesisto______.A.satisfySECreportingrulesB.alignassetswithcarbon-riskappetiteC.increaseprovenreservevolumesD.acceleratedepreciationschedules()42.TheauthorimpliesthatTier1shalelocations______.A.offerinfinitedrillingopportunitiesB.areimmunetocarbonpricingC.depletefasterthanconventionalfieldsD.willbereplacedbyenhancedrecovery()43.Thephrase“carboncliff”mostnearlyrefersto______.A.aregulatorythresholdforCO₂emissionsB.asuddendropinavailablelow-carboninventoryC.anabruptlossofeconomicviabilityofhigh-carbonbarrelsD.ageologicalfaultcontainingCO₂()44.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostweakentheargumentforshadowpricing?A.Aglobalcarbontaxsetat30$/tCO₂B.TechnologicalbreakthrougheliminatingupstreamemissionsC.OPECproductioncutsD.Discoveryofgiantlow-sulfuroilfields()45.Thetoneofthepassageisbestdescribedas______.A.celebratoryB.cautionaryC.indifferentD.satirical()PassageBSubseaprocessing—boosting,separation,andwaterinjectionontheseabed—promisestounlockmarginalfieldsthataresub-economicviaconventionaltie-backs.Yetthetechnologydancesontheknife-edgeofreliability:asinglefailureofasubseavariable-speeddrivecanidle100000bbl/dofproduction,translatinginto2milliondollarsoflostrevenueperday.Tohedgethisexposure,operatorsdeployredundancystrategiessuchasdualpowerumbilicalsandcold-standbypumps.However,redundancyinflatescapexby30%,erodingthebreakevenpriceadvantagethatjustifiedsubseaprocessinginthefirstplace.Digitalizationoffersamiddlepath:machine-learningalgorithmstrainedonhigh-frequencyvibrationdatacanforecastbearingdegradationweeksinadvance,allowingforopportuneinterventionwithlight-weightwork-classROVs.Theremaininghurdleisdatagovernance—ensuringthatrawsensorstreamsarestandardizedacrossOEMssothatanalyticsmodelsremainportablewhenassetschangehands.46.Themaincontradictionfacingsubseaprocessingis______.A.technologicalimmaturityversusregulatoryhurdlesB.reliabilitydemandsversuscostconstraintsC.environmentalbenefitsversussociallicenseD.datavolumeversusbandwidthlimits()47.Machinelearningmitigatesriskby______.A.eliminatingtheneedforredundancyB.enablingpredictivemaintenanceC.reducingreservoiruncertaintyD.automatingreservoirsimulation()48.ThepassagesuggeststhatOEMdatastandardizationis______.A.asolvedproblemB.anemergingbottleneckC.irrelevanttoanalyticsD.prohibitedbyantitrustlaw()49.Acold-standbypumpismentionedasanexampleof______.A.reservoirenhancementB.passiveredundancyC.digitaltwintechnologyD.carboncapture()50.Thefinancialimpactofasubseadrivefailureisquantifiedtoemphasize______.A.theneedfortaxincentivesB.thestakesofequipmentreliabilityC.thedeclineofoffshoredrillingD.thevolatilityofoilprices()PassageCIn2025,PetroChina’sDagangcomplexpioneeredtheworld’sfirstmillion-tonne-scale“greenhydrogen”refinery.Ratherthanburningnaturalgasinsteam-methanereformers,thefacilityelectrolyzesbrackishwaterusingoffshorewindpower.Theintermittencyofwindnecessitatesanovelbufferingstrategy:surpluselectronsarestoredinsolid-oxidecellsthatreverse-operateasfuelcellsduringlullperiods,ensuringcontinuous80-barhydrogensupplytohydrocrackerunits.Preliminarylifecycleanalysisindicates92%lowerScope1emissionscomparedwithaconventionalrefinery,yetthehydrogencosthoversat2.8/k51.TheDagangcomplexusessolid-oxidecellsprimarilyto______.A.desalinatefeedwaterB.balancesupply-demandswingsC.cracklong-chainhydrocarbonsD.sequesterCO₂()52.Thecostgapbetweengreenandgreyhydrogenisclosestto______.A.0.5/kgB53.Proponentsofscale-upbelievethecriticalcostthresholdwillbereachedby______.A.2026B.2028C.2030D.2032()54.Thepassageimpliesthatmagnet-freegeneratorscould______.A.increasewind-turbineweightB.hedgerare-earthriskC.reducehydrogenpurityD.eliminateelectrolysis()55.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtheprojectis______.A.unconditionallyoptimisticB.cautiouslyhopefulC.overtlyskepticalD.indifferent()PassageDCarbonatereservoirsriddledwithvuggyporositypresentadual-porositynightmareforwaterfloodengineers.Tracersurveysoftenrevealprematurebreakthroughviafracturecorridors,leavingsubstantialoilbypassedinlow-permeabilitymatrices.Alkaline-surfactant-polymer(ASP)floodinghasemergedasapanacea,butchemicalretentiononcalcitesurfacescanconsume30%ofinjectedsurfactantwithin10mofthewellbore.ArecentnanotechnologytwistencapsulatessurfactantinpH-sensitivehydrogelsthatremaindormantatneutralpHbutreleasetheirpayloadwhentriggeredbyacidicspeciesgeneratedbyin-situmicrobialdegradationofresidualoil.Corefloodsdemonstrate18%incrementalrecoveryafter1.2porevolumesofinjection,albeitatachemicalcostof8$/bblincrementaloil.Fielddeploymenthingesondevelopingashear-resistantcapsulethatsurviveshigh-pressurepumpsyetdisintegrateswithin48hoursat70°C.56.Theprimarychallengeofvuggycarbonatesis______.A.lowoilviscosityB.fracture-dominatedflowC.highwatersalinityD.paraffindeposition()57.Surfactantlossisattributedto______.A.microbialconsumptionB.adsorptiononcalciteC.thermaldegradationD.dilutioninaquifer()58.Thehydrogelcapsulesaredesignedto______.A.increaseinjectionpressureB.delaysurfactantreleaseC.reducereservoirtemperatureD.plugfracturecorridors()59.Thechemicalcostperincrementalbarrelis______.A.4B.6C.860.Futurefieldapplicationrequirescapsulesthat______.A.tolerate70°CforoneweekB.disintegratewithin48hat70°CC.remaininertat90°CD.dissolveinseawater()PartIV翻译（共2题，每题15分，共30分）将下列两段英文译成中文，要求语义准确、术语规范、行文流畅。61.Theadventofclosed-loopautomateddrillingsystemsmarksaparadigmshiftfromreactivetoproactivecontrol.Byintegratinghigh-speeddownholedatawithsurfacetorque-and-dragmodels,thealgorithmcontinuouslyadjustsweight-on-bitandrotaryspeedtomaintaintheboreholewithinageomechanicalsweetspot,therebymitigatingstick-slipandmicro