雨课堂学堂在线学堂云Urban and Rural Ecological Planning(西南民族大学)单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichcountry'sscientistsfirstproposetheconceptof"ecology"?ATheUnitedStatesBTheUnitedKingdomCGermanyDFrance第2题Intheprocessofenergyflowofecosystem,whatistheratioofnutrientlevelenergyofthisleveltothatoftheupperlevel?A30%

B25%

C15%

D10%

第3题Whatisformedbytheflowofenergybetweendifferentorganisms?AFoodchainBFoodwebCCompetitionDTrophiclevel第4题Whichofthefollowingareecologicalresearchobjects?AAtomsBPlantsC

elephantsDcoralsESolarsystemplanets正确答案：BCD第5题

Whatarethefunctionsofecosystems?A

BiologicalproductionBEnergyflowC

MaterialcycleDself-repairEself-growth正确答案：ABC第6题Whatarethemainformsofenergyflowintheecosystem?APhotosynthesisBAssimilationCRespirationDExcretion

E

Reproduction正确答案：ABCDE第7题The“Environment”inecologicalresearchreferstopurenaturalenvironment.第8题Communityecologystudiesthegrowthofindividualorganisms.第9题Theterm"ecosystem"wasfirstproposedbyErnstHaeckel.第10题The“foodweb”isformedwhenthefoodchainsformedbydifferentspeciesintheecosystemareinterconnectedthroughfeedingrelationships.第11题The“ecosystem”isadynamicfunctionalsystemwiththeabilitytoself-regulate.第12题Theenergyintheecosystemflowsincycles.第13题About10%ofthematerialislostateachlevelinthecycleoftheecosystem.第14题Biosphereisnottheobjectofecologicalresearch.第15题ArthurTansleydefinedtheterm“ecosystem”

asabiologicalassemblageinteractingwithitsassociatedphysicalenvironmentandlocatedinaspecificplace.第1题

Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongto"urbanization"?AThetransformationofagricultureintoindustryBThetransformationofagricultureintohigh-techindustriesCThegradualdevelopmentofruralareasintotowns

DUrbanresidentsaregraduallymovingtothecountryside第2题Whichorganizationputforward

theconceptofEcocity?AUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization，UNESCOBUnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization，UNIDOCWorldBankDFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations，FAO第3题WhenwasthefirstEcocityWorldSummit

held?A1980B1990C2000D2010第4题Whichofthefollowingare"urbandiseases"?ATrafficcongestionB

Resourceshortage

CAirpollution

DPopulationexpansion

EEcologicalrestoration正确答案：ABCD第5题Whichofthefollowingareservicefunctionsprovidedbyurbanecosystems?ASewagepurification

BFoodsupplyCCompulsoryeducationDHealthcareEUrbanmanagement正确答案：ABD第6题Whatstepsareinvolvedinecologicalplanning?ASurveyBAssessmentCPrediction

DDesignEEvaluation正确答案：ABCDE第7题Whatarethecontentsofecologicalcityconstruction?AEcologicaldesignBEcologicalplanning

C

EcologicaldestructionDEcologicalmanagement

E

Ecologicalbalance正确答案：ABDE第8题Urbanizationisthecontinuousexpansionofurbanareas.第9题Urbanizationisactuallyanevolutionaryprocessofurbanecosystem.第10题Becausetherearefewergreenplantsinthecity,theproductionfunctionoftheurbanecosystemisweak.第11题"GardenCity"proposedbyEbenezerHowardactuallybelongstotheecologicalplanningofacity.第12题Urbanecosystemsarenotdominatedbyhumans.第13题Thereis

nodecomposerinurbanecosystems.第14题Humanbeingscanimprovetheefficiencyofenergyandmaterialflowbydealingwithvariouskindsofinformation.第15题Theartificialtransportationfacilitiescanenhancethefluxofenergyandmaterialflow.Unit3Exercises第1题WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutspatialplanninginJapan?ATherearethreelevelsinJapanese

landdevelopmentplanningsystemBJapanhasadoptedthespatialplanningsystemoflanddevelopmentplanning,landuseplanningandbasiclanduseplanninginparallel.CJapanese

landuseplanningisdividedintotwolevels:nationalandprefectural.DBasiclanduseplanninginJapanisdevelopedonlyatthenationallevel.第2题WhatisthemainpurposeoftheterritorialspaceplanningatnationallevelinChina?ASystematicnessBImplementationCCoordinationDStrategic第3题Whichofthefollowingoptionsisnotthe“threelines”inChinese

territorialspaceplanning?AUrbandevelopmentboundary

lineBBoundarylinesofroadsCPermanentbasicfarmlandlineDEcologicalprotectionredline第4题Regard

tothespatialplanninginFrance,whichofthefollowingdescriptionsiscorrect?A“TheRegionalPlanforPlanning,SustainableDevelopmentandTerritorialEquality”(SRADDETinshort),isalegallybindingBTherearetherelevelsofspaceplanninginFrance,respectivelyapplytoregion,groupementsandcommuneCSincethenewcentury,newcontentssuchasenvironmentalprotectionandenergyconservationhavebeenadded

inFranceSpatialplanningDThelanduseplanninginFranceisdevelopedonlyatthenationallevel正确答案：BC第5题WhatspatialplanningwillChinaintegrateintoaunifiedterritorialspatialplanningAMainfunctionalareaplanningBLand-useplanningCUrbanandruralplanningDSocio-economicdevelopmentplanning正确答案：ABC第6题WhatarethethreezonesinChineseterritorialspaceplanning?ALivingspaceBUrbanspaceCAgriculturalspaceD

Ecologicalspace正确答案：ACD第7题StategovernmentshaveabsoluteautonomytoprepareandimplementterritorialspaceplansinGermany.第8题The“America2050Prospectus”isadetailplanningwtihlegallybinding.第9题TheoverallframeworkofterritorialspaceplanninginChinacanbesummarizedasfivelevels,threecategoriesandfoursystems.第10题In2018,ChinacarriedoutinstitutionalreformsandestablishedtheMinistryofNaturalResources.第11题“Doubleevaluation”referstotheevaluationofthecarryingcapacityofresourcesandenvironmentandthesuitabilityofterritorialspacedevelopment.第12题Althoughthedoubleevaluationis"double",itisevaluatedasawholeintheplanningprocess.第13题Territorialspaceplanningisthelong-termplanningandoverallarrangementofallkindsofspaceresourcesinanationalterritory.第14题ThegoalofTerritorialSpacePlanningistoachieveeffectivecontrolandscientificgovernanceoftheterritorialspace,andfindingabalancebetweendevelopmentandconservation.第15题Localgovernmentarrangeproductionspace,livingspace,andecologicalspacescientificallybyTerritorialSpacePlanninginChina.Unit4Exercises第1题WhoisthedesigneroftheCentralPark,NewYork,NY?AEbenezerHowardBFrederickLawOlmstedCIanLennoxMcHarg

DIeohMingPei第2题WhoisthedesigneroftheEmeraldNecklace,Boston,MA?AEbenezerHowardBIeohMingPeiCIanLennoxMcHarg

DFrederickLawOlmsted第3题WhofirstproposedtheconceptofGardenCitiesAEbenezerHowardBIeohMingPeiCIanLennoxMcHargDFrederickLawOlmsted第4题Whoistheauthorof《DesignwithNature》andsuggestedtheSuitabilityanalysisframework.AEbenezerHowardBIeohMingPeiCIanLennoxMcHargDFrederickLawOlmsted第5题AccordingtothePercolationTheory,ifweadopt8-connectedrule,whatthedensityofmediumisreached,thepenetrantcansuddenlymovefromoneendofthemediummaterialtotheother.A20%B40%C60%D80%第6题WhichmodelcanbeusedtodescribetheLandscapepattern.Alayer-cakemethodBPoint-line-planeCpatch-corridor-matrixDAggregate-with-outliers第7题WhatarethemainresearchsubjectsofLandscapeEcology?AStructureoflandscapeBFunction

oflandscapeCDynamicchangesoflandscapeDAnimalsinthelandscape正确答案：ABC第8题WhicharethecommontypesofMetapopulation?ALevinsMetapopulationBMainland-islandMetapopulationCPatchyMetapopulationDNonequilibriumMetapopulationEIntermediatetypeMetapopulation正确答案：ABCDE第9题WhataretheelementsoflandscapesecuritypatternproposedbyYuKongjian.ASourceBRadiatingroutesCStrategicpointsDBufferzonesEInter-sourcelinkage正确答案：ABCDE第10题Whatarethemaindirectionsforthedevelopmentoflandscapeplanningmethods?

AIntegratedLandscapeEcologyPlanningSystemBThe"LayerCake"PlanningModel

basedonSuitabilityAnalysisCIndispensablePatternsDAggregate-with-outliersElandscapesecuritypattern正确答案：AB第11题Thetheoryofislandbiogeography

predictsthatthenumberofspeciesispositivelyrelatedtoislandsize.第12题TheMainland-islandMetapopulation

ismorestablethanthoseofothertypes.第13题TheNonequilibriumMetapopulationismorelikelytogoextinct.第14题Landscapeprocessesarenaturalprocessesandhavenothingtodowithhumans.第15题Thecharacteristicsofresearchobjectswillchangewiththespatialortemporalscale.Unit5Exercises第1题WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttraditionalChinesevillagesistrue?AThepurposeofprotectingtraditionalvillagesisjusttobringeconomicbenefitstothelocalgovernment.BTraditionalvillagesarethosewithalonghistoryCAllofoldvillagesshouldbeprotected.DTraditionalvillagesarethecommonspiritualsourceoftheChinesepeople.第2题WhatwasthedevelopmentpatternoftraditionalvillagesinKoreainthelaterperiodofdevelopment?

ACitizenledmodelBCultivatedbythegovernmentCGovernment-leddevelopmentmodelDGuidedbythedevelopmentofenterprises第3题Whatis

themaintraditionalvillageconservationplanningmethodmentioned

inthisUnit？AConstructlandscapesecuritypatternBAnalysisoftraditionalvillagefeaturescaleCAplanningmethodcombininglandscapesecuritypatternandfeaturescaleDHigh-qualitydevelopmentoftraditionalvillages第4题Atthevillagescale,whatdoweusuallypaymoreattentionto?AEcologicalenvironmentBStreetpatternCBuildingsDReligiousplace第5题InChina,whataretherequirementsforinclusioninthenationallistoftraditionalvillages?

AThetraditionalarchitecturalfeaturesofthevillageareintactBThelocationandpatternofvillageshavetraditionalcharacteristicsCVillageintangibleculturalheritagecanbepassedonlivelyDBeautifulvillagescenery正确答案：ABC第6题WhatkindofsupporthasthevillageofNoyers-BocageinFrancereceivedintheprocessofdevelopment?

ApublicBenterpriseCexpertDgovernment正确答案：ABCD第7题Whatarethe"featurescales"mentionedinthislessonreferto?

ATheurbanscaleBThecourtyardscaleCThesettlementscaleDThevillagescale正确答案：BCD第8题Inthisunit,fromwhataspectstoputforwardthestrategyoftraditionalvillageconservationplanning?AFive-linecontrolofvillageareaBConstructionofvillagepatternCZoningprotectionofsettlementDThebuildingsofthecourtyardareprotectedbyclassification正确答案：ACD第9题Intheearlystagesofdevelopment,the"NewvillageMovement"inSouthKoreamainlyadoptedagovernment-leddevelopmentmodel.第10题Thetraditionalvillageculturecontainsthefinetraditionsandvaluesystemsofallnationalities.第11题Traditionalvillageconservationplanningusuallydividesvillagesintocoreprotectionareas,constructioncontrolareasandenvironmentalcoordinationareas.第12题The"fivelines"inthe"fivelinescontrol"referstotheroadredline,theconstructionredline,thewaterblueline,theconstructionpurplelineandthemountaingreenline.第13题Theconservationoftraditionalvillagescanpromotethedevelopmentofruraltourism.第14题Theprotectionanddevelopmentoftraditionalvillagesarecontradictoryandcannotbeachievedatthesametime.第15题Wedon'tneedtokeepthetraditionalcustomsbecausetheyareoutoffashion.Unit6Exercises第1题WhichcountryadoptedWaterSensitiveUrbanDesign"(WSUD)AChinaBAustraliaCAmericaDBritain第2题Accordingtothedefinitionofspongecity,whatistheessentialpart

intheconstructionofspongecity?

A

PurifyandtreatrainwaterBIncreasetherateofrainwaterinfiltrationCReducesurfacerunoffDBuildlargereservoirs第3题Whichofthefollowingisnotameasureofspongecityconstruction?ARoofgardenBImpoundmentCHardenedpavementDSodditch

第4题Intheconstructionofspongecity,whatisthebestchoiceofpavementmaterialforurbanmainroads?AAsphaltpavementBCementconcretepavementCTimberDstone第5题Urbandevelopmentbringsmanywateruseproblems.Whichofthefollowingaretrue?

AWaterpollutionBWaterecosystemdamageCWatershortageDWatersecurityrisks正确答案：ABCD第6题Whatarethemaincausesofrainfallpollutiontourbanwaterenvironment?APrimaryrunoffpollutionBExtensivegroundhardeningCCombinedflowcontroloverflowpollutionDWaterresourcesshortage正确答案：ABC第7题Whichofthefollowingarecorrectwaystobuildspongecities?AProtectionregionalaquaticsystemBEcologicalrestorationCChangethethinkingofdrainageandfloodpreventionbyLowimpactdevelopmentDBuildingrainwaterutilizationandreclaimedwaterreuse正确答案：ABCD第8题Whatarethebenefitsofspongecityconstructiontothecity?AAlleviatewaterloggingproblemsBImprovetheurbanwaterenvironmentCPurifyingtheinitialrainpollutionDImprovethequalityofthecityandenhancethesenseofgainofthemasses正确答案：ABCD第9题InthecaseofQinglongLakeWetlandPark,whatarethewaysofpurifyingthewater?ASetuppollutioninterceptionfacilitiesBAquaticplantpurificationCAquaticanimalpurificationDChemicalpurification正确答案：ABC第10题TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthefirstcountrytoputforwardLIDdesignconceptandgreeninfrastructureconstruction.第11题"Sustainabledrainage"intheUKincludesarangeoftechnologiesforthesustainablemanagementofsurfacewater.第12题InChina,spongecitydesigncanbesummarizedasanintegrateddrainagesystemof“Infiltration,Retention,Storage,Purification,UtilizationandDischarge”.第13题Raingardensaredesignedtodelaytheamountofrainwaterthatcanformoverashortperiodoftime.第14题Greenroofisoneoftheimportantmeasurestorealizespongecitydesign.第15题Spongecitiescaneffectivelyreduceurbanwaterlogging.Unit7Exercises第1题WhatisnottrueaboutthecharacteristicsofEco-community?AHarmonyBEntiretyCIndependenceDPersistence第2题WhatisthebasicfunctionalunitofacityAResidentBConstructionCRoadDCommunity第3题RegardingtothepurposeofEco-community,whichofthefollowingdescriptionsiscorrect?AReducinggreenhousegasemissionsBUtilizeresourcesmoreeffectivelyCIncreaseeconomicreturnsDProtectbiodiversityandthenaturalenvironment正确答案：ABD第4题InwhatwayshasBedZEDreduceditswaterconsumptionbyonethirdcomparedtotheaveragehome?AConservingwaterBDecreased

watersuppliesCUsingrainwaterDRecyclingsewage正确答案：ACD第5题Whatistheprincipleof“3R”

?A

ReduceBReuseCRecycleDRecovery正确答案：ABC第6题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutecologicalcommunityplanning?AThecommunityusedroofgreeningandverticalgreeningtoreducecarbonemissions.BTheplacementofindustrialareasaroundcommunitiescanprovidealargenumberofnearbyjobs

andreducetheneedforlong-distancetransportation.CTheperfectpublicservicesysteminthecommunitycan

bringsomelocalemploymentopportunities.DThecommunityincreasedgreenareaby

multiplewaystoimprovecarbonsequestration.正确答案：ABCD第7题Intermsofenergyfacilities,theBedZEDreducesenergyconsumptionthroughsolarenergyutilization,wallenclosures,cogenerationplants,photovoltaiccells,andtheuseofenergy-savingdevicesinthebuildings.第8题TheBedZEDencouragespeopletousepublictransportationbylimitingthenumberofparkinglotsformotorvehicles.第9题Designers,buildersandmanagersagreedatthebeginningoftheconstructionoftheBEdZEDthat2/3ofthehouseswereallocatedassocialhousing,and1/3weresoldintherealestatemarket.第10题Villagesaretheconcentrationofpopulation,construction,transportation,industryandlogistics,andarethelargestcarbonemitters.第11题AlloftheEco-communityshouldadoptstheringradialroadnetworkstructure.第12题InthegreenspaceplanningofEco-community,weshoulduselocalplantspeciesasmuchaspossible.第13题Ecologicalcommunitiesareexpensivetobuildandthereforeuneconomical.第14题Garbageclassificationisthebasicrequirementofecologicalcommunity.

第15题Themodeoftransportationiscrucialtothecarbonsinkandenergyconsumptionofecologicalcommunities.Unit8Exercises第1题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutagricultureistrue?AAgricultureisnotthemainproductionactivityforthedevelopmentofhumansociety.BAgriculturallandcoversonlyonetenthoftheworldlandarea.CFarmlandprovideshabitatandfoodsourcesformanyspecies.DProtectingfarmlandbiodiversityhasnoeffectonexistingprotectedareas.第2题WhatisthefirststepintheAESplanimplementationprocess?ASelectbiodiversitytargetsBDesignascoringsystemandfarmplanCDeterminetherewardmechanismDImplementtheplan第3题Whatistheappropriateproportionofnaturalandsemi-naturalhabitatsinfarmland?

A1%~3%B3%~8%C5%~8%D8%~10%第4题WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofNbSarecorrect?ANbSisaholisticconceptthatactivelyleveragesecosystemservicestoaddressmajorcrisesandrisksfacinghumansociety.BNbSemphasizesmakingfulluseoftheproductionfunctions,regulatoryfunctions,supportingfunctionsandculturalservicesoftheecosystemtoaddressarangeofmajorthreatsfacinghumansociety.CNbScanbringavarietyofeconomic,environmentalandsocialbenefits,suchasreducinginfrastructurecosts,creatingjobs,promotinggreeneconomicgrowth,andimprovinghumanhealthandwell-being.DNbScancontributingtotheachievementoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.正确答案：ABCD第5题Whatarethecorrectdescriptionsofhowtoplanfarmlandlandscape?ABuildadiverseecologicallandscapepatternandconservesemi-naturalhabitatstability.BImprovetheconnectivityofecologicallandscapeandbuildecologicalnetworks.CCreatediverseecologicallandscapepatchesandmaintainlandscapeheterogeneity.DBuildanengineeringsystemforfarmlandbiodiversityconservation,includinglandlevelingproject,roadproject,watersystemengineeringproject,shelterforestnetworkprojectandsoon.正确答案：ABCD第6题Whichofthedescriptionsofnaturalenemiesofpestsarecorrect?ANaturalenemiesofpestsmainlyliveinthespaceofsunlight.BThedistributionofthepredatorsofpestsinthefarmlandisuneven.CThepredatorsofpestshaveaconsiderabledensityinthevegetationbeltwithawidthofabout1m.Dthepredatorsofpestsmainlyliveinthedarkspacesuchasgrassattheborderofthefieldorbarkcracksunderleaves.正确答案：BCD第7题whichofthefollowingareecologicalservicefunctionoffarmlandecologicallandscape?ASoilconservationBWaterpurificationCEntertainmentDLeisureEPestcontrol正确答案：ABCDE第8题Theecologicalservicefunctionoffarmlandecologicallandscapeismainlyreflectedinmanyaspects,suchasbiodiversity,soilconservation,Waterpurification,pestcontrol,Pollinationofflowers,nutrientcycling,floodcontrolanddisasterresistance,landscapeculture,entertainmentandleisureetc.第9题IntheUnitedStateofAmerica,themainprotectionpolicyoffarmlandiscalled"AES".第10题Onlyincities,NbScangiveusinnovativeideasandmethodstodealwiththebiodiversitycrisisandthesocialchallengesitbrings.第11题Inagriculturallandscape,weshouldpayattentiontothediversificationofpatchesandvegetationtypes.第12题Theuseofnativenectarplantscaneffectivelyincreasethenumberofpollinatorsandimproveyieldandecologicalservicefunctions.第13题Thewildflowerbuffercancreateagoodplantlandscapewherepestcontrolandfarmlandlandscapeorganicallycombined,resultinamutuallybeneficialagriculturalecologicallandscape.第14题Agriculturallandmaintainsabout30%oftheworld'swildandendangeredspecies.Unit9Exercises第1题Howmuchofthebuildingsaccountfortotalenergy

usearoundtheworld?A30%B40%C50%D60%第2题Howmuchofthebuildingsaccountforcarbondioxideemissionsaroundtheworld?A1/3B2/3C1/2D3/4第3题WhicharethebasicprinciplesingreenbuildingdesignprocessAEconomyofResourcesBLifeCycleDesignCSavingcostDHumaneDesign正确答案：ABD第4题What

arethecharacterofGreenbuildings?AEfficientmanagementofenergyandwaterresources

BRestorationandprotectionofenvironmentalqualityCEnhancementandprotectionofhealthandindoorenvironmentalqualityDReinforcementofnaturalsystemsEIntegrationofthedesigndecision-makingprocess正确答案：ABCDE第5题Whatarethekeyconsiderationsofagreenbuilding?AReducedenergyandwateruseBHealthyindoorenvironmentalqualityCSmartmaterielselectionDThebuilding’seffectonitssiteEThecostofthebuilding.正确答案：ABCD第6题GreenBuildingsarehigh-performancestructuresthatalsomeetcertainstandardsforreducingnaturalresourceconsumption.第7题GreenBuildingscanalsobecalledsustainablearchitecture.第8题Greenbuildingsrepresentgreenplants,hightechnologyandhighcost.第9题Buildingscanonlyhaveimpactsonthepeoplewhoinhabitthemeveryday.第10题Greenbuildingrequirescooperationofarchitectsandengineers.第11题GreenBuildingsdonotmakeanybusinesssense.第12题AtPost-Buildingphase,oldmaterialsshouldbethrewaway.第13题Biophilicdesignisthepracticeofconnectingpeopleandnaturewithinourbuiltenvironmentsandcommunities.第14题Indoorgardensisoneofthebiophilicdesignstrategies.第15题MiesVanDerRohe’sFarnsworthHouseisaclassicexampleofbophilicarchitecturaldesign.第16题Passivedesignstrategiesfocusonutilizingthenaturalenvironmenttoprovideheating,cooling,ventilation,andlightingtoabuilding.Unit10Exercises第1题WhichofthefollowingstatementsisthebestsummaryofChinesestylecourtyards?AAdvocatingandlearningfromnatureBPayattentiontothesecludedartisticconception,simpleandquietCPrecise,symmetricallinesDYearningfornature,advocatingnature.第2题Thestepsofcourtyarddesignare