新一代大学英语（第二版）综合教程4（智慧版） Unit 5课件 B4U5 Journey into space iExplore 2

外语教学与研究出版社江南大学CONTENTS12Buildingyourlanguage3SharingyourideasReadingUNIT5ReadingStructureTextreadingTextunderstandingUNIT5StructureReadingReadthetexttolearnaboutthehistoryofhumanexplorationofSaturn.Fillinblanks1-10withONEwordfromthetexttocompletethesummary.Youmaychangethewordformwhennecessary.Thenanalyzethestructureofthetextbywritingdowntheparagraphnumbersinblanks11-15.ThetextexplorestheevolutionofourunderstandingofSaturn,fromGalileo’sinitialobservationsin1)__________

tothemodern-dayinsightsprovidedbyNASA’sCassini

spacecraft.Galileo,usinghis2)_______________

telescope,waspuzzledbySaturn’sappearance,mistakingits3)________

fortwomoons.Itwasn’tuntil1659thatChristiaanHuygenscorrectlyidentifiedSaturn’sringsasaflat,4)_________

disk.Fastforwardto2004,whenNASA’sCassini

spacecraftbegan5)___________

Saturn,sendingback6)______________

newdata.1610astronomicalringscircularorbitingremarkableUNIT5ReadingOneparticularlyfamousimageshowsEarthasatiny7)_______

inthebackground,highlightingthevastnessofspaceandthejourneyofhumanexploration.Thetextalsoreflectsonthe8)________________

inCassini’simages,whichremindusofthe9)__________

effortbehindthesetechnologicalachievements.ReadersareencouragedtoobserveSaturnwiththeirowneyes,emphasizingthewonderofseeingcelestialbodiesfirsthand,evenwithsimple10)______________.dotimperfectionshumanbinocularsUNIT5Reading11)PartOne:______________IntroductiontoGalileo’stelescopeandearlydiscoveries12)PartTwo:

_____________Galileo’snotesandthediscoveryofSaturn’srings13)PartThree:

___________ModernexplorationwithNASA’sCassinispacecraft14)PartFour:_____________ThefamousCassiniimageanditssignificance15)PartFive:_____________ImperfectionsinCassini’simagesandhumanconnectionParas.1-4Paras.5-6Paras.7-8Paras.9-11Paras.12-13UNIT5TextreadingFromGalileotoCassaniReadingUNIT5In1609,Galileointroducedtotheworldhisnewinvention,theastronomicaltelescope.Itopenedupnewopportunitiestoexploreaterritorythatallpriorgenerationshadregardedasfamiliar–thenightsky.Inshortorder,hewasmakingmajordiscoveries.Buttheskyisverybig,andGalileo’stelescopewasverysmall.Hehadtochoosehistargetscarefully.1Inthatcontext,Saturnwasnothingspecial,theleastoftheknownplanets,justabrightpointinablacksky.AyearelapsedbeforehefinallypeeredatSaturnforthefirsttimein1610.2ReadingUNIT5Galileoimmediatelyrealizedthatthiswassomethingnewanddifferent,buthewasunabletomakesenseoftheviewinhistinyeyepiece.HedescribedSaturnas“triune”inform,mistakingSaturnanditsringsforaplanetstraddledbytwoclosemoons.TheyresembleMickeyMouseearsinhissketch.3AnyonewhohaseverlookedthroughatelescopewillremembertheirfirstviewofSaturn.Galileo’sotherearlydiscoveriesretaintheirallure:themountainsofthemoon,Venusasawaxingandwaningcrescent,andJupiterwithitsfourlittlecompanionmoons.Butwehaveseenothermountains,othercrescents,andothermoons.TheringsofSaturnremainsomethingdifferent,somethingtrulyunearthly.4ReadingUNIT5Ittooktheworld’sastronomersanotherhalf-centurytofigureoutexactlywhattheyallwereseeing.In1659,DutchastronomerChristiaanHuygenswasthefirsttodescribeSaturn’sringsasaflat,circulardisk,andtheconceptofaringedplanetfirstenteredthehumanimagination.6Galileo’snotesandsketchessurvivefromthatnightin1610.Theycapturehisthoughtsbutprobablynothisemotions.Wescientistsaretaughttowritedispassionatelyandpreferablyinthepassivevoice.“Theplanetwasobserved…,”not“Whatthe…isthis?”Theinterrobangneverappearsinthescientificliterature.5Reading!UNIT5Today,Ithinkwehavebecomeabitspoiled.NASA’sCassinispacecrafthasbeenorbitingSaturnsinceJuly2004.Everyday,itsendsbackremarkablenewdatadescribingtheplanetanditsretinueofringsandmoons.IthasrevealedplumesofdustventingfromcracksinthesurfaceofthemoonEnceladus.IthasshownussunlightglintingoffthesmoothsurfaceofalakeonTitan.Wehaveseentheflashesofmeteoriteshittingtherings.WithSaturn’snew-foundfamiliarity,wesometimesforgettobeamazed.7ReadingUNIT5LetmerevisitoneofthemostfamousimagesfromtheCassinimission.ItwastakenafewyearsagoasCassiniflewthroughtheshadowofSaturn.Theviewisstunning.Athinfringeofsunlightencirclesanotherwisedarkplanet.Therings,litfrombehind,showstartlingcolorsandcontrast.SurroundingitallisthefaintbluishglowofthefinedustejectedbyEnceladus.Thepictureisamosaicofsmallerimages,painstakinglyassembledbyCassini’simagingscientists.Itisflawless.8ReadingUNIT5Isometimeswonderiftheflawlessnessistheproblem.WhenCassini’simagesareprocessedtodigitalperfection,weunconsciouslybegintoregardthemasthecreationsofsomemadartist,notphotographsfromarealcameraorbitingarealplanet.10Ontheleftsideofthemosaic,justabovetherings,isalittledot.Inthepicture,itisnothingspecial,justabrightpixelinablacksky.Butweknowbetter.ThisisplanetEarth,seenfromthefarsideoftheringsofSaturn.In1610,Galileopointedhishand-madetelescopeoutfromtheEarthtoseeSaturnforthefirsttime.About400yearslater,wehaveatelescopeofourown,farmoresophisticatedbutstillbuiltbyhand,outatSaturn,lookingback.9ReadingUNIT5Cassini’scamerasarenodifferent,andmanyoftheimagesfromSaturn’sshadowshowthesefamiliarpatternsoflensflareandsaturation.Thesetileswereleftoutwhenthemosaicwasassembled.However,theyrevealadifferenttruth,onenotaboutSaturnbutaboutthecamera.Itisimperfect.Itwasbuiltbyhumanhands.12Asanamateurphotographer,IknowwhathappenswhenIpointmycameratowardthesun.Igetlensflare,thosecirclesoflightthatappearinsomanyofoursnapshotsfromthebeachortheballpark.Toomuchsunlightbouncesaroundinsidetheoptics,followingpathsthatthelens-makersdidnotintend,andleavingbehindextraneouscirclesoflightonthesensororfilm.11ReadingUNIT5Onceinawhile,itwillbeeasytorepeatGalileo’sexperiment.Shortlyaftersunset,looktowardthewest,andyoumightseethreeplanetsinaline.ThebrightestisVenus.AboveitandtotheleftisMars,distinctlyreddishbutmuchfainter.Andjustbeyondthat,Saturn.Checkthemout.AnypairofbinocularshaslensesfarsuperiortotheonesinGalileo’sinvention.Butbewarned–whatyouseewillnotresemblethelatestreleasesfromtheCassinimission.Ifyouareverylucky,youmightmakeoutSaturn’srings.OrmaybeyouwilljustseeMickey’sears.Ormaybejustafuzzydot.But,nomatter,becauseyouwillbeseeingitwithyourowneyes.Thataloneoughttobeenoughtoinspireaninterrobangortwo.13ReadingUNIT5TextunderstandingHowhavehumanbeings’observationsofSaturnchangedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology?Readthetextandcompletethetable.1WhathappenedReading16091610WhathappenedObservationsofSaturn“Triune”inform,Saturnanditsringsbeingmistakenforaplanetstraddledbytwoclose3)__________GalileopeeredatSaturnforthefirsttime.The1)______________telescopewasinvented.Abright2)_________inablackskymoonsastronomicalpointWhathappenedObservationsofSaturnUNIT5WhathappenedReading16592004WhathappenedObservationsofSaturn•6)______________ventingfromcracksinthesurfaceofthemoonEnceladus•7)__________glintingoffthesmoothsurfaceofalakeonTitan•8)___________________hittingtheringsCassinistartedto5)_______Saturn.HuygensdescribedtheringsofSaturn.A4)_______,circulardiskflatPlumesofdustorbitSunlightFlashesofmeteoritesWhathappenedObservationsofSaturnUNIT5Checkyourunderstandingofthetextbychoosingthebestanswertoeachofthequestions.21WhydidGalileomistakeSaturnanditsringsforaplanetstraddledbytwoclosemoons?A.HehadanimaginativeviewofSaturn.B.Saturnwasjustabrightpointinthesky.C.TheringslookedlikeMickeyMouseears.D.Theeyepieceofthetelescopewastoosmall.√ReadingUNIT5TextunderstandingTextunderstanding2WhichofthefollowingwasnotdiscoveredbyGalileo?A.Themountainsofthemoon.B.ThecompanionmoonsofJupiter.C.Venusasawaxingandwaningcrescent.D.TheplumesofdustejectedbyEnceladus.√Reading3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“...wehavebecomeabitspoiled”?A.Theinterrobangcannowappearinscientificliterature.B.CassinienablesustohavesomuchinformationaboutSaturn.C.PeoplearemoreinterestedinfindingoutthedetailsofSaturn.D.Newdataaboutouterspacecapturesourthoughtsandemotions.√UNIT5

4Whatdoestheword“view”in“Theviewisstunning”(Para.8)referto?A.ApictureofCassini.B.TheshadowofSaturn.C.AnunusualimageofSaturn.D.ThefigureofaCassiniengineer.√Reading

5

WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredifGalileo’sexperimentisrepeated?A.OnemayseeVenus,Mars,andSaturninaline.B.Onemayfeelamazedbythesunsetinthewest.C.OnemayrealizetheflawsofGalileo’stelescope.D.Onemaywonderattheflawlessnessofdigitalperfection.√UNIT5ReadingCulturenotesSaturn:Itisthesecondlargestplanetofthesolarsysteminmassandsizeandthesixthindistancefromthesun.SaturnisnamedaftertheRomangodofagriculture.ThemostamazingfeatureofSaturnisitsringsystem,whichiscomposedmostlyoficeparticles,aswellassomerockydebrisanddust.Saturnhas274confirmedmoonsinitsorbit,farmorethananyotherplanetinoursolarsystem.TitanisthelargestmoonofSaturn,andtheonlymooninthesolarsystemknowntohavecloudsandadenseatmosphere.UNIT5ReadingCulturenotesEnceladus:ItisthesecondnearestofthemajorregularmoonsofSaturnandthebrightestofallitsmoons.ThemostdistinctivefeatureofEnceladusisthatitismostlycoveredbyfreshandcleanice.Thus,itbecomesoneofthemostreflectivebodiesofthesolarsystem.Althoughverysmall,itpossessesawiderangeofsurfacefeatures,suchasold,heavilycrateredregions.ItwasfirstdiscoveredbyWilliamHerschelonAugust28,1789.Since2005,peoplehavegainedadeeperunderstandingofEnceladus,owingtothemultipleclosefly-bysofCassini.UNIT52)priora.existingorarrangedbeforesth.elseorbeforethepresentsituation先前的；

较早的；事先安排的

e.g.Wereservetherighttomakechangestotheschedulewithoutpriornotice.3)句中thatallpriorgenerationshadregardedasfamiliar作定语从句，修饰先行

词territory，thenightsky作territory的同位语。Reading

Itopenedupnewopportunitiestoexploreaterritorythatallpriorgenerationshadregardedasfamiliar–thenightsky.(Para.1)1)territoryn.[U]aparticularareaofexperienceorknowledge（经验或知识的）领域e.g.Thecompanyisexpandingitsbusinessterritoryacrossmultiplemarkets.1LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

AyearelapsedbeforehefinallypeeredatSaturnforthefirsttimein1610.(Para.2)elapse:vi.(fml.)

ifaparticularperiodoftimeelapses,itpasses（时间）流逝，过去e.g.Severalmonthselapsedbeforehiscasewasbroughttotrial.2LanguagepointsUNIT5

2)straddlevt.tobeonbothsidesofsth.横跨；跨越e.g.Ourfarmstraddlesthebusyrailwaylinenearthevillage.3)mistakesth.forsth.else

把…误认为是…e.g.Inthedimlight,shemistookthestrangerforherlong-lostfriendandrantogreethimwithopenarms.Reading

HedescribedSaturnas“triune”inform,mistakingSaturnanditsringsforaplanetstraddledbytwoclosemoons.(Para.3)1)triunea.threeinone三合一的e.g.Thetriunenatureofthedeviceallowsittofunctionasaphone,acamera,andaGPSnavigator.3LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

Galileo’sotherearlydiscoveriesretaintheirallure:themountainsofthemoon,Venusasawaxingandwaningcrescent,andJupiterwithitsfourlittlecompanionmoons.(Para.4)1)wax

vi.(ofthemoon)toseemtogetgraduallybiggeruntilitsfullformcanbeseen

（月亮）渐圆，渐满

e.g.Asthemoonbegantowax,itscrescentshapegrewbrighterandlargereachnight.4LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

2)wanevi.(ofthemoon)toappearslightlysmallereachdayafterbeingroundandfull（月亮）缺，亏

e.g.Afterthefullmoon,itstartedtowane,graduallyshrinkingintoathincrescent.3)waxandwane(mainlyliterary)tobecomebiggerorstrongerandthensmallerorweaker兴衰；盛衰；（月的）盈亏e.g.Interestintheshowhaswaxedandwanedovertheyears,dependingonitscastandstoryline.UNIT5Reading“Theplanetwasobserved…,”not“Whatthe…isthis‽”Theinterrobangneverappearsinthescientificliterature.(Para.5)interrobang:n.[C](alsointerbang)问叹号（“‽”，将问号与惊叹号合并而成的标点符号，用在修辞性疑问句的后面）Theinterrobangisanonstandardpunctuationmarkusedinvariouswrittenlanguagesandintendedtocombinethefunctionsofthequestionmark,orinterrogativepoint,andtheexclamationmark,orexclamationpoint,knowninthejargonofprintersandprogrammersasa“bang.”5LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingIn1659,DutchastronomerChristiaanHuygenswasthefirsttodescribeSaturn’sringsasaflat,circulardisk,andtheconceptofaringedplanetfirstenteredthehumanimagination.(Para.6)1)circulara.shapedlikeacircle圆形的；

环形的e.g.Onemanbuiltacircularbarnforhiscows.2)diskn.

athinflatroundobject圆盘；圆片e.g.Thecirculardiskwascarefullyplacedonthetable.6LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingIthasrevealedplumesofdustventingfromcracksinthesurfaceofthemoonEnceladus.(Para.7)

plume:n.[C]acloudofsmoke,dust,etc.whichrisesupintotheair飘升的烟状物（如烟、尘等）e.g.Ablackplumeofsmokeroseabovethecity,darkeningtheskyandspreadingfear.7LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

Athinfringeofsunlightencirclesanotherwisedarkplanet.(Para.8)

fringe:n.[C]theouteredgeofsth.边缘；边界

e.g.Ninaremainedonthefringeofthecrowd,observingpeople’sinteractionsandexpressionsquietly.8LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingSurroundingitallisthefaintbluishglowofthefinedustejectedbyEnceladus.(Para.8)1)glown.

[sing.]asoftsteadylight光亮；光辉e.g.Theroomisfilledwithasoftgloweverymorning.2)ejectvt.tosuddenlysendsth.out喷射；射出e.g.Themachinesuddenlyejectedsteam,startlingthetechnicians.3)本句为倒装句，句子主干正常的语序是Thefaintbluishglowissurroundingitall。9LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingThepictureisamosaicofsmallerimages,painstakinglyassembledbyCassini’simagingscientists.Itisflawless.(Para.8)1)painstakingly:

ad.inawaythatshowsyouhavetakenalotofcareormadealotofeffort精心地；悉心地；刻苦地

e.g.Theoldpaintingwaspainstakinglyrestoredtoitsformerglory.2)Thetwosentences,togetherwiththeothersentencesinParagraphs8and9,describeindetailoneofthemostfamousimagesfromtheCassinimission.Sscanlearnfromthesesentenceshowtocraftdetailedandvividdescriptionsofobjects.10LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

About400yearslater,wehaveatelescopeofourown,farmoresophisticatedbutstillbuiltbyhand,outatSaturn,lookingback.(Para.9)

sophisticated:a.asophisticatedmachine,system,method,etc.isverywelldesignedandveryadvanced,andoftenworksinacomplicatedway（机器、系统、方法等）复杂的，精密的，尖端的

e.g.Theseareamongthemostsophisticatedweaponsintheworld.11LanguagepointsUNIT5Reading

Igetlensflare,thosecirclesoflightthatappearinsomanyofoursnapshotsfromthebeachortheballpark.(Para.11)Inthissentence,“thosecirclesoflightthatappearinsomanyofoursnapshotsfromthebeachortheballpark”istheappositiveof“lensflare.”Anappositiveisawordorphrasethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Theuseofanappositivehelpsreadersunderstandorclarifythemeaningofaword,especiallyifthewordmightbeunfamiliarortechnical.Here,theappositiveclarifies“lensflare”byofferingafamiliaranddescriptiveexample.12LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingToomuchsunlightbouncesaroundinsidetheoptics,followingpathsthatthelens-makersdidnotintend,andleavingbehindextraneouscirclesoflightonthesensororfilm.(Para.11)1)opticn.[U](~s)[pl.]（仪器中的）光学部件e.g.Thetelescope’sopticswerecarefullycleanedtoensureclearobservationofdistantstars.2)extraneousa.(fml.)notbelongingtoordirectlyrelatedtoaparticularsubjectorproblem无关的；无直接联系的e.g.Thereportcontainstoomuchextraneousinformation.13LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingAnypairofbinocularshaslensesfarsuperiortotheonesinGalileo’sinvention.(Para.13)1)binocularsn.[pl.]apairofspecialglasses,thatyouholduptoyoureyestolookatobjectsthatarealongdistanceaway双筒望远镜e.g.Thelensofthebinocularswasofhighquality.2)superiortosb./sth.

优于…胜过…e.g.Thenewsoftwareissuperiortotheoldversionintermsofspeedandefficiency.14LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingButbewarned–whatyouseewillnotresemblethelatestreleasesfromtheCassinimission.(Para.13)release:n.[C]athingthatismadeavailabletothepublic,esp.anewfilmormusicrecording新发行的东西；（尤指）新电影，新专辑e.g.Thisyearhasbeenfilledwithexcitingnewreleases,includingpopularmoviesandhitmusicalbums.15LanguagepointsUNIT5ReadingTranslationofthetexts从伽利略到“卡西尼号”

1609年，伽利略将他的新发明——天文望远镜介绍给了全世界。这给予了人们新的机会去探索先人们熟悉的领域——夜空。很快，伽利略就有了重大发现。但是天空非常辽阔，伽利略的望远镜却很小，他必须谨慎选择观察目标。1

在当时的背景下，土星并没有什么特别之处，它是已知行星中最不起眼的一颗，不过是黑暗天空中的一个亮点而已。而伽利略用了一年的时间，终于在1610年第一次窥见了土星。2UNIT5Reading

伽利略立刻意识到这是一个全新的、与众不同的发现，但他却无法通过微小的望远镜弄清楚自己看到的究竟是什么。他认为土星是由三个天体组成的，误以为土星及其星环是一颗被两个近距离卫星包围的行星。在伽利略的草图里，它们的形状就像米老鼠的耳朵。3

任何一个用望远镜观察过土星的人都会记得土星留给他们的第一印象。伽利略早期的其他发现仍然有其自身的魅力：月亮上的群山，金星的盈亏，木星和它的四颗小卫星。但是我们也见过其他的山脉，其他的新月以及其他的卫星，土星环仍是那么与众不同，充满神秘感。4UNIT5Reading

伽利略在1610年的某个晚上写的笔记和画的草图得以保存至今。这些笔记和草图记录了他的想法，但可能没有记录下他的情绪。科学家们被教导说要冷静客观地记录，最好使用被动语态。他们会写“观察到一颗星球……”，而不是“这究竟是个什么东西‽”这种问叹号在科学文献中从未出现过。5

全世界的天文学家又花了半个世纪的时间才弄清楚他们看到的究竟是什么。1659年，荷兰天文学家克里斯蒂安·惠更斯第一次将土星环描述为一个平坦的圆环盘，有环行星的概念首次进入人类脑海。6UNIT5Reading

今天，我觉得我们有点被宠坏了。美国国家航空航天局的“卡西尼号”太空船自2004年7月以来一直围绕土星运行。每一天它都会发回大量的新数据，对土星、土星环及其卫星加以描述。它展示了土卫二表面的裂缝中喷出的缕缕尘埃。它还向我们展示了土卫六上，一个光滑的湖面上反射着阳光。我们还看到了陨石撞击土星环时出现的闪光。随着我们对土星越来越了解，我们有时会忘记这些新发现多么令人惊奇。7UNIT5Reading

让我重温一下“卡西尼号”任务中最著名的图像之一。这是几年前“卡西尼号”飞过土星暗面时所拍摄的。图上的景色令人叹为观止。一缕阳光环绕着一颗原本黑暗的行星，从后面点亮的光环呈现出令人惊叹的色彩和对比度。围绕着这一切的是土卫二喷出的微尘所发出的微弱蓝光。这幅图是由“卡西尼号”的图像研究员用很多更小的图片精心拼成的马赛克效果图。它完美无瑕。8UNIT5Reading

在这幅马赛克图的左侧、土星环的上方有一个小圆点。这在图上并不特别，只是黑暗天空中一个明亮的像素点。但是我们很清楚那是从远方的土星环所看到的地球。1610年，伽利略第一次在地球上用他的手工望远镜观察到了土星。而大约400年后，我们在土星上用我们自己的、虽然是手工制作但更精密的望远镜回看地球。9

有时候我想知道完美无瑕是否正是问题所在。“卡西尼号”拍摄的图像被处理为完美的数码相片后，我们开始不自觉地把它看作是某个疯狂艺术家的作品，而不是由一个绕着真实星球的真实相机所拍摄的照片。10UNIT5Reading

作为一名业余摄影师，我知道当我把镜头对准太阳时会发生什么。会出现镜头眩光，我们在沙滩或者棒球场拍摄的很多照片中都会出现这种光圈。过强的太阳光在镜头的感光元件中反射，而其反射路径是镜头制造商没有考虑到的，于是就会在传感器或者胶片上留下多余的光圈。11“卡西尼号”的相机并没有什么不同，许多土星背光图像中都呈现出我们所熟悉的镜头眩光以及饱和度。在合成马赛克图时这些小块就被舍弃了。然而，它们却揭示了一个不一样的事实，与土星无关，但与相机有关。相机并不完美，因为它是由人类制造的。12UNIT5Reading

人们偶尔也能重复伽利略的实验，这并不是一件难事。日落之后不久，如果你向西望去，可能会看到三颗行星连成一条线。最亮的那颗是金星。在它的上方偏左的那颗是火星，显露出明显的红色但却要暗得多。再远一些就是土星。仔细看看它们。如今任何双筒望远镜的镜头都要比伽利略所发明的先进得多。但是要注意——你看到的和“卡西尼号”最新发布的不一样。如果你运气非常好，你可能会看到土星环。或者你可能会看到米老鼠的耳朵。或者可能只看到一个模糊的小点。但是没关系，因为你会用你的双眼来观察它。仅凭这一点就足以让人惊叹！13UNIT5BuildingyourlanguageReplacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsbelow.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.1flawlesselapse resembleextraneouscircularamateurprior1Severaldecadeshavepassedsincethelaunchofthefirstsatelliteandhumanityhasachievedremarkableprogressinspaceexploration.2Thespacecraftismovinginaroundorbitaroundtheplanet,constantlygatheringvaluabledataaboutitsatmosphereandsurface.3Whileourcalculationofthedistancebetweenplanetscanneverbeperfect,wecanstrivetomakeitasaccurateaspossible.WordsandexpressionsUNIT5Buildingyourlanguage4Anon-expertspaceenthusiastdesignedasmallrocketprototypetostudyatmosphericconditions.5Thetwinsisterslookverymuchlikeeachother,makingitdifficultforpeopletotellthemapart.6Theastronautsreviewedthepreviousflightdatatopreparefortheupcomingspacewalk.7Thescientistswerecarefultoremoveanyirrelevantfactorsthatmightaffecttheaccuracyoftheexperiment.flawlesselapse resembleextraneouscircularamateurpriorUNIT5Buildingyourlanguage1haveelapsed2circular3flawless4Anamateur5resemble6prior7extraneousUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageCompletethesentenceswiththewordsandexpressionsbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.2peeratastronomicalmakeoutunearthlyleaveoutinshortorder1Fewpeopleevergetthechanceto________theuniversefromtheworld’stopobservatories.2Wemaynotseethisplanetwithournakedeyes,becauseitissofaraway,butwecan_____it____throughatelescope.3Theimageofthecomet’s(彗星)tail,stretchingmillionsofkilometersintospace,hadan________beautythatleftastronomersinawe.peeratmakeoutunearthlyWordsandexpressionsUNIT5Buildingyourlanguage4Thetelescopewassoadvancedthatitallowedustosee____________eventshappeningindistantgalaxies.5Whendesigningaspacecraft,engineersmustnot__________anycriticalcomponents,asevenasmalloversightcouldleadtomissionfailure.6Thegroundcontrolteamresponded____________totheunexpectedsignalloss,quicklyrestoringcommunicationwiththespacecraft.astronomicalleaveoutinshortorderpeeratastronomicalmakeout

unearthlyleaveoutinshortorderUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageCollocationsADJECTIVESWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:discovery majorrecentscientificVERBSWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:imagination usehavelackNOUNSWHICHOFTENGOAFTER:CompletethesentencesaccordingtotheChineseinbrackets,usingsuitableexpressionsfromthecollocationbox.Makechangeswherenecessary.1________________________(新科学发现)arebeingmadeallthetime.Newscientificdiscoveriesastronomical telescopediscoveryinformationrevealtruthsecretfactUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageCollocationsADJECTIVESWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:discovery majorrecentscientificVERBSWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:imagination usehavelackNOUNSWHICHOFTENGOAFTER:2Itisinterestingtotracethedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologythrough____________________________(历史上的天文发现).3Scientistssaythatthesolareclipses(日食)thatoccurredinAugustmay______________________(透露一些隐藏的真相)abouttheuniverse.astronomicaldiscoveriesinhistoryastronomical telescopediscoveryinformationrevealtruthsecretfact

revealsomehiddentruthUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageCollocationsADJECTIVESWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:discovery majorrecentscientificVERBSWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:imagination usehavelackNOUNSWHICHOFTENGOAFTER:4Asanastrophysicist,Dr.Waldonnever____________________(缺乏想象)aboutthewondersoftheuniverse.5The__________________________________(大量天文信息)collectedbymoderntelescopesenablesustoknowmoreabouttheuniverse.lacksimaginationastronomical telescopediscoveryinformationrevealtruthsecretfactlargeamountofastronomicalinformationUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageCollocationsADJECTIVESWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:discovery majorrecentscientificVERBSWHICHOFTENGOBEFORE:imagination usehavelackNOUNSWHICHOFTENGOAFTER:6AnadvancedX-rayobservatoryhas____________________(揭示了很多奥秘)abouttheuniversethatarelargelyhiddenfromopticaltelescopes.revealedmanysecretsastronomical telescopediscoveryinformationrevealtruthsecretfactUNIT5BuildingyourlanguageVocabularylearningstrategiesPrefix“astro-”Theprefix“astro-”comesfromtheGreekword“ástron,”meaning“star.”Itisusedtodescribethingsrelatedtostars,space,ortheuniverse.Forexample,an“astronaut”issomeonewhotravelsintospace.Recognizingthisprefixcanhelpyouunderstandwordsrelatedtospaceandcelestialobjects.UNIT5BuildingyourlanguageMatcheachofthewordsstartingwith“astro-”toitscorrectdefinition.1astrophotography2astronomy3astrolabe4astrodynamicsThestudyoflifeintheuniverse,includingthepossibilityoflifeonotherplanets.Thebranchofdynamicsdealingwiththemotionandgravitationofnaturalandartificialobjectsinspace.Thepracticeoftakingphotographsofcelestialobjects.Anancienttoolusedtomeasurethepositionofstarsandplanets.Thescientificstudyofstars,planets,andotherobjectsinspace.