考研英语语法及词汇辨析强化题库2026版

考研英语语法及词汇辨析强化题库2026版一、单句填空（每题2分，共10题）要求根据上下文，选择最恰当的单词或短语填空，注意语法和词汇的搭配。1.Despitetheheavyrain,theteam______tocompletetheprojectontime.A.persistedB.insistedC.precededD.succeeded2.Thenewpolicyaimsto______incomeinequalityandimprovesocialmobility.A.reduceB.increaseC.maintainD.enhance3.Herresearchprovides______evidencethatclimatechangeisaccelerating.A.conclusiveB.conflictingC.convincingD.controversial4.Thecompany'sfailuretomeetitstargetswasduetoalackof______resources.A.sufficientB.excessiveC.inadequateD.abundant5.Theeconomicreformshave______thegrowthofsmallbusinessesinruralareas.A.stimulatedB.restrainedC.suppressedD.sustained6.Thestudyshowsthatregularphysicalactivitycan______theriskofchronicdiseases.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.diminishD.amplify7.Thegovernment'seffortsto______unemploymenthavehadlimitedsuccess.A.alleviateB.escalateC.provokeD.preserve8.Thenovel's______stylemadeitdifficultforreaderstofollowtheplot.A.convolutedB.straightforwardC.simplisticD.lucid9.Thecommittee'sdecisionwasbasedon______dataratherthanpersonalopinions.A.empiricalB.speculativeC.theoreticalD.intuitive10.Thecompany'snewstrategyisdesignedto______itsmarketshareinAsia.A.expandB.diminishC.stabilizeD.consolidate二、词汇辨析（每题2分，共10题）要求选择与划线词汇意思最接近或最相关的选项，注意语境。1.Theeconomicdownturn______manysmallbusinesses.A.impactedB.affectedC.influencedD.altered2.Thescientist's______researchledtoabreakthroughincancertreatment.A.innovativeB.conventionalC.outdatedD.repetitive3.Thegovernment's______approachtoenvironmentalissueshasdrawncriticism.A.proactiveB.reactiveC.passiveD.aggressive4.Theathlete's______performanceimpressedthejudgesandwonheragoldmedal.A.mediocreB.outstandingC.underwhelmingD.average5.Thecompany's______strategyhelpeditovercomethefinancialcrisis.A.conservativeB.riskyC.aggressiveD.prudent6.Thestudy's______findingswerepublishedinaleadingscientificjournal.A.preliminaryB.conclusiveC.speculativeD.preliminary7.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweenrichandpoor.A.bridgeB.widenC.closeD.narrow8.Theactor's______performancelefttheaudienceinawe.A.lacklusterB.brilliantC.disappointingD.mediocre9.Thegovernment's______responsetothedisasterwaspraisedforitsefficiency.A.sluggishB.promptC.delayedD.inadequate10.Thecompany's______marketpositionhasbeenstrengthenedbyitsinnovativeproducts.A.stagnantB.dominantC.marginalizedD.vulnerable三、语法结构改错（每题2分，共10题）要求找出句子中的语法错误并改正。1.Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalafterthemeetinghasfinished.→（提示：时态错误）2.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.→（提示：虚拟语气错误）3.Thecompany'sprofitshaveincreasedbecauseofthenewmarketingstrategy.→（提示：主谓一致错误）4.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhasfinishedtheassignment.→（提示：主谓一致错误）5.Themanageraskedifwecouldfinishtheprojectbytomorrow.→（提示：时态错误）6.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.→（提示：定语从句错误）7.Althoughitwasraining,theywenthikinganyway.→（提示：连词错误）8.Thecompany'sperformanceimprovedbecauseofthenewCEO'sleadership.→（提示：冠词错误）9.Thestudentswereaskedtosubmittheiressaysbeforethedeadline.→（提示：被动语态错误）10.Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilnextweek.→（提示：时态错误）四、长难句分析（每题3分，共5题）要求分析句子结构，并解释划线部分的作用。1.Thegovernment'sdecisiontoimplementstricterenvironmentalregulationshassparkeddebateamongindustriesandenvironmentalistsalike.→（划线部分：形容词短语）2.Despitethechallengesfacedbysmallbusinesses,theirresilienceandadaptabilityhaveallowedthemtothriveincompetitivemarkets.→（划线部分：状语从句）3.Thestudy,whichwasconductedoverfiveyears,revealedsignificantcorrelationsbetweenpollutionlevelsandrespiratorydiseases.→（划线部分：非限制性定语从句）4.Ifthecompanyfailstomeetitsfinancialtargets,itmayhavetolayoffalargenumberofemployees.→（划线部分：条件状语从句）5.Thenovel'sintricateplot,whichspansmultipledecadesandinvolvesnumerouscharacters,hasbeenpraisedforitscomplexityanddepth.→（划线部分：非限制性定语从句）五、词汇搭配（每题2分，共10题）要求选择与划线动词或形容词最搭配的副词或名词。1.Thenewpolicyisdesignedto______reducepovertyinruralareas.A.significantlyB.graduallyC.temporarilyD.partially2.Thecompany'sperformanceimproved______lastyearduetothenewCEO'sleadership.A.dramaticallyB.slightlyC.steadilyD.unexpectedly3.Thestudyshowsthatregularphysicalactivitycan______mitigatetheriskofchronicdiseases.A.effectivelyB.barelyC.rarelyD.moderately4.Thegovernment'seffortsto______alleviateunemploymenthavehadlimitedsuccess.A.recentlyB.recentlyC.recentlyD.recently5.Thenovel's______stylemadeitdifficultforreaderstofollowtheplot.A.complexB.simpleC.straightforwardD.convoluted6.Theathlete's______performanceimpressedthejudgesandwonheragoldmedal.A.outstandingB.mediocreC.underwhelmingD.average7.Thecompany'snewstrategyisdesignedto______expanditsmarketshareinAsia.A.significantlyB.graduallyC.partiallyD.moderately8.Thegovernment's______responsetothedisasterwaspraisedforitsefficiency.A.promptB.delayedC.sluggishD.inadequate9.Thestudy's______findingswerepublishedinaleadingscientificjournal.A.preliminaryB.conclusiveC.speculativeD.controversial10.Theactor's______performancelefttheaudienceinawe.A.brilliantB.lacklusterC.disappointingD.mediocre答案与解析一、单句填空1.A(persisted)-坚持完成2.A(reduce)-减少差距3.C(convincing)-有力证据4.C(inadequate)-资源不足5.A(stimulated)-刺激增长6.A(mitigate)-减轻风险7.A(alleviate)-缓解失业8.A(convoluted)-复杂句式9.A(empirical)-基于数据10.A(expand)-扩大份额二、词汇辨析1.B(affected)-影响2.A(innovative)-创新研究3.B(reactive)-被动应对4.B(outstanding)-出色表现5.D(prudent)-谨慎策略6.B(conclusive)-最终结论7.A(bridge)-缩小差距8.B(brilliant)-精彩表演9.B(prompt)-及时应对10.B(dominant)-领先地位三、语法结构改错1.Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalafterthemeetinghasended.→过去时态需一致2.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.→虚拟语气需用过去式3.Thecompany'sprofitshaveincreasedbecauseofthenewmarketingstrategy.→主语复数，谓语用have4.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhasfinishedtheassignment.→就近原则，谓语用has5.Themanageraskedifwecouldfinishtheprojectbytomorrow.→by+时间点6.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.→which指代物，无需加which7.Althoughitwasraining,theywenthikinganyway.→连词搭配错误，改为Despite8.Thecompany'sperformanceimprovedbecauseofthenewCEO'sleadershi