中考总复习导与练 英语 语法专题试题 11简单句的句式、句子结构与句子成分 （解析版）

简单句分层优练基础练一、单项填空()1.Look!There_______someinformationabouttrafficsafetyinthisbook.

is B.are C.was D.were()2.—Cindy，doyouknowWanBuyan？—_______.Hereceivedthetitle“RoleModeloftheTimes”inMay，2023.

A.Yes，thereis B.Yes，hewill C.Yes，IdoD.Yes，Idid()3.—_______doyoutidyyourownroom？

—Twiceaweek.A.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howmuch D.Howlong()4.—_______isitfromyourhometoschool？

—Aboutthreekilometers.Howlong B.Howmuch C.HowfarD.Howoften()5._______lesstimeonthephoneatnight，oryouwillfindithardtofallasleep.

Spend B.Spending C.Tospend D.Spent()6.—Chinawonallthegoldmedalsatthe2023WorldTableTennisChampionships.—_______excitingnews!

Whata B.Howa C.How D.What()7._______interestingmovieitis!Iwanttoseeitagain.

A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howa()8.—MoreandmorewildanimalshavebeenfoundasthenaturalenvironmentimprovedinGuoluo.—_______excitingitis!

A.WhatB.HowaC.HowD.Whatan()9.—What’syourplanforthecomingDragonBoatFestival？—Mostofus_______readytomakezongzi.

A.isB.areC.haveD.has()10.—NeitherLilynorherparents_______outdoorswhentherainstormcame.

—_______luckytheywere!

A.were；What B.was；HowC.were；HowD.was,Whata答案详解：1.A由“Look！”可知时态是现在时，therebe后面的名词information是不可数名词，故选A。2.C问句是含有实义动词的一般疑问句“doyou…”，故其肯定回答用“Yes,Ido.”。3.A由答语“Twiceaweek.”可知问句是询问频率“多久一次”，故选A。4.C由答语“Aboutthreekilometers.”可知问句是询问距离“多远”，故选C。5.A本句是祈使句，开头要用动词原形，故选A。6.D本句的中心词是news，符合what引导的感叹句结构“What+（a/an）+形容词+名词！”news是不可数名词，故选D。7.B本句的中心词是movie，符合what引导的感叹句结构“What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”movie是可数名词单数，且interesting是以元音音素开头，故选B。8.C本句的中心词是exciting，符合how引导的感叹句结构“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”故选C。9.Bbereadyfor为……做准备，句子的主语是复数，故be动词用are。选B。10.Cneither…nor…连接两个并列主语，其后的谓语动词按照“就近原则”，和nor后的主语保持一致，第一空填were；第二句的中心词是lucky，符合how引导的感叹句结构。故选C。二、回答问题基础练(根据提示回答问题)1.Whendotheyhavesupper？(sixintheevening)________________________________________________________________________2.Wheredoeshework？(library)________________________________________________________________________3.WhichseasondoyoulikebetterinGuangdong，thespringortheautumn？(spring)________________________________________________________________________4.Whatcolorisyourcoat？(red)________________________________________________________________________5.Howmuchdidyoupayforthebook？(sixyuan)________________________________________________________________________答案详解：1.Atsixintheevening./Theyhavesupperatsixintheevening.问句是询问“他们什么时候吃晚饭”，根据提示可知要用“介词at+时间点”，故填“Atsixintheevening./Theyhavesupperatsixintheevening.”。2.Inthelibrary./Heworksinthelibrary.问句是询问“他在哪里工作”，根据提示可知要用“介词in+地点”，完整回答时要注意动词用第三人称单数形式works。故填“Inthelibrary./Heworksinthelibrary.”。3.Thespring./Ilikethespringbetter.问句是询问“你更喜欢广东的春天还是秋天”，完整回答时要用比较级like…better。故填“Thespring./Ilikethespringbetter.”。4.Red./Mycoatisred./It’sred.问句是询问“你的大衣是什么颜色”，故简单回答直接用颜色“Red.”；完整回答则要注意主语用Mycoat/It。故填“Red./Mycoatisred./It’sred.”。5.Sixyuan./Ipaidsixyuanforthebook.问句是询问“你付了多少钱买书”，可以直接用价钱来回答；完整回答时注意时态用一般过去时，故填“Sixyuan./Ipaidsixyuanforthebook.”。提升篇语法选择（1）Whyistheseasalt？Peopleusedtoexplainitinastory.Longago，apooroldcouple1onthecoast.Oneday，anoldstorytellercametotheirvillage.Theoldcouplegave2ameal.Inreturn，hegavethemacoffeemill(磨粉机)andsaid，“Say，‘Mill，pleasegrind(磨粉)’，andit’llmakewhateveryouwant.Tostopit，say‘Mill，pleasestopgrinding’.”

Soontheoldcouplehadamuch3life.They’dbeenhappypeople，andtheydidn’tneedmuchmore.Buttheyoungcouplenextdoorwereneversatisfied.Sooneday，theyounghusbandwenttotheold4housesecretlyandheard，“Mill，pleasegrindhotchocolate!”Hewassurprised5itcomingout.

Thentheyoungcouplestolethemill6theoldcouple.Withit，theyrode7horseandsetoffdownthecoast.Alongtheway，thehusbandshowedthemill8andasked，“Whatdoyouwantittomake？”“Oh，Idon’tknow.9notsalt？”thewifesaid.“Mill，pleasegrindsalt!”hesaid.“Itworks!”thewifeshouted.Butthentheynoticedthesaltwenteverywhere.“Makeitstop，”thewifesaid.Butthehusbanddidn’tknowhow.Finally，themill10intothesea.

Andthereit’sbeenforhundredsofyears，endlesslygrindingsalt.That’swhytheseaissalt.()1.A.havelived B.live C.lived()2.A.heB.him C.his()3.A.good B.better C.best()4.A.couple B.couples C.couple’s()5.A.see B.tosee C.seeing()6.A.fromB.in C.at()7.A.a B.anC.the()8.A.proud B.prideC.proudly()9.A.Why B.What C.How()10.A.throw B.isthrown C.wasthrown答案详解：1.C 考查动词时态。根据上文longago可知时态用一般过去时，故选C。2.B考查代词。句子缺宾语，因此用代词宾格。故选B。3.B考查形容词比较等级。much后形容词用比较级。句意：不久后，这对老夫妻过上更好的生活。故选B。4.C考查名词所有格。根据下文的house可知，此处应指老夫妻的房子，用名词所有格。故选C。5.B考查动词不定式。besurprisedtodosth.做某事感到惊讶。故选B。6.A考查介词。stealsth.fromsb.从某人处偷某物。故选A。7.A考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且horse是辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故选A。8.C考查副词。此处用副词修饰showed。故选C。9.A考查疑问词。Whynotsth./dosth.?为什么不是某物/不做某事？故选A。10.C考查动词时态与被动语态。句意：最后，磨粉机被扔进海里。此处mill与throw为被动关系，且此处应用一般过去时叙述，故选C。（2）LastAugustwewenttoawaterfall.There__1__anumberofpeopleplayinginthewater. Sittingontherockswithmyhusband，Iwaswatchingsomeparents__2__guardingtheirkidsawayfromtherocks'edges(边缘).Ifeltgladthatour8-year-oldsonWyattcouldlookafterhimself.___3___running!”Isaidtohimfromtimetotime.“__4__awayfromtheedges.”ButIsoonrelaxed，andwewereallhavingfuninthewater. Suddenly，IsawWyattsitdownbetweentworocksintherunningwater.Thenhe__5__overtheedge.“Help,please！”Icried，overandover.ButIonlyheard__6__husbandsaidtohiswife“Weareleaving！”Pleasedon'tgo！”Ibegged(乞求).Buttheywalkedstraightaway. WhenIclimbeddowntotherocks，therewasayoungwoman__7__myhusbandpullWyattoutofthewater.Shewasgivingfirstaid.“I'mLisa，anurse.I'mnotleavingyou.”“__8__warm-hearted(热心肠的)ladyyouare！”Icouldn'thelpcrying.NotonlyIbutalsomyhusbandwasthankfultoLisa.Wyattwastakentothehospitalimmediately.Thenext8hourswasasleeplessnightforus.Thenwe__9__WyattwasgoingtobeOK.“__10__canheleaveforhome，doctor？”Iasked.“In2days.” MeetingLisahasremindedmehowweneedhelpfrompeoplewedon'tknow!()1.A.was B.were C.are()2.A.nervousness B.nervousC.nervously()3.A.Don't B.Not C.No()4.A.Tostay B.Stay C.Staying()5.A.disappearsB.disappearedC.isdisappearing()6.A.a B.an C.the()7.A.helping B.help C.helped()8.A.How B.What C.Whata()9.A.weretold B.told C.tell()10.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howfar答案详解：B考查be动词。句意：有许多人在水里玩。本句是therebe句型。通篇采用一般过去时，anumberofpeople是名词复数，应该用were。故选B。C考查副词。句意：我和丈夫坐在岩石上，看着一些父母紧张地保护他们的孩子远离岩石边缘。本句不缺少任何成分，此处用副词修饰动词。nervously意为“紧张地”，符合语境。故选C。C考查祈使句。句意：不要跑！固定用法no+doing表示“禁止做某事”。故选C。B考查祈使句。句意：远离边缘。本句是祈使句，动词原形作句首。故选B。B考查动词时态。句意：然后他消失在边缘。通篇采用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。A考查冠词。句意：但我只听到一个丈夫对妻子说，“我们要走了！”“请不要走！”我恳求道。此处表示“一个丈夫”表示泛指，husband的发音是以辅音音素开头的。故选A。A考查动名词。句意：当我爬下岩石时，有一个年轻的女人正在帮我丈夫把怀亚特从水里拉出来。固定句型“therebesb.doingsth.”意为“有某人正在做某事”，故选A。C考查感叹句。句意：你真是一位热心的女士！What引导的感叹句：What+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语！故选C。A考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：然后我们被告知Wyatt会没事的。分析可知，“我们”和“告知”之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，其结构是bedone，全篇采用一般过去时。故选A。B考查固定搭配。句意：医生，他多久能回家？此处询问多久以后，且用in回答，用howsoon，通常用于一般将来时。故选B。短文填空请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。theywhatforsamebehowrelaxhoweverbusyanworldcanThesedays，peoplehaveverybusylives，workingorstudyingandspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily.__1__stressfulthelifeistoday！Sopeopleneedtodosomethingdifferenttorelaxin__2__freetime. Somepeopleliketogotothegymsothattheycankeepfitandhealthy.__3__，manypeopledon'tlikerunningorusingmachinestoexercise.Thenyoga(瑜伽)canbeagoodactivity__4__thesepeople.Inyogayoucanreachoutyourbodyandbreathedeeplyatthe__5__time.Thishelpsyourbodyandmindto__6__whileyourbodybecomesstronger.Manypeopledoyogaeveryday，anditis__7__activitywhichalltypesofpeoplecando—youngorold.Itcangiveyoumoreenergy，too. YogastartedaverylongtimeagoinIndia，butinthelastfewyearsithasbecomeverypopularalloverthe__8__.You__9__findyogaclassesinmosttownsandcitiesthesedays.There__10__alsolotsofyogavideosontheInternet，soyoucantryitathome！Ifyouwan