2026年考研英语阅读与翻译专项练习题目集

2026年考研英语阅读与翻译专项练习题目集一、阅读理解（共4题，每题2分，共8分）题目1（2分）题干：阅读以下短文，回答问题："Digitalizationhasreshapedtheglobalmanufacturinglandscape,particularlyinEastAsia.CountrieslikeChinaandSouthKoreahaveleveragedadvancedroboticsandAItoboostproductivity.However,thisshifthasalsocreatedjobdisplacementconcerns.ArecentreportbytheInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO)highlightsthatwhile30%ofmanufacturingjobsinChinamaybeautomatedby2030,newrolesindataanalyticsandsystemmaintenanceareemerging.Howdothesechangesimpactworkers'skillrequirementsandregionaleconomicinequality?"问题：Whatistheprimarycontradictionaddressedinthepassage?A)Theconflictbetweentechnologicaladvancementandjobsecurity.B)ThecompetitionbetweenChinaandSouthKoreaindigitalmanufacturing.C)ThedeclineoftraditionalmanufacturingindustriesinEastAsia.D)TheroleoftheILOinmonitoringautomationtrends.答案：A解析：文章明确指出数字化带来的机遇（如生产力提升）与挑战（如就业流失）的矛盾，故A项正确。B项仅提及部分内容，C项未涉及，D项为背景信息，非核心矛盾。题目2（2分）题干：Readthefollowingexcerptandanswerthequestion:"InSoutheastAsia,theriseofe-commercehasdisruptedsmall-scaletraders.WhileplatformslikeShopeeandLazadahaveenabledruralentrepreneurstoreachglobalmarkets,localregulationsandinfrastructuregapsremainbarriers.A2023studybytheASEANSecretariatrevealsthatonly15%ofsmallbusinessesinVietnamhavefullyadaptedtodigitalpaymentsystems.Howcanregionalcooperationalleviatethesechallenges?"问题：Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboute-commerceinSoutheastAsia?A)Ithaseliminatedtraditionaltradeentirely.B)Itbenefitsruralareasbutfacesregulatoryobstacles.C)ItissolelydominatedbyChinesecompanies.D)Ithasnoimpactonsmall-scaleentrepreneurs.答案：B解析：文章指出电商促进农村贸易的同时，存在法规和基础设施限制，故B项准确。A项过于绝对，C项未提及，D项与事实不符。题目3（2分）题干："TheEuropeanUnion’sGreenDealaimstomakethebloccarbon-neutralby2050.However,industrieslikesteelandcementarguethatstricteremissionstargetswillforcethemtorelocatetoregionswithlaxerregulations.A2024EuropeanPolicyJournalarticlenotesthat40%ofGermansteelproducersmayshiftoperationsoutsidetheEUifnofinancialincentivesareprovided.Whatcouldmitigatethisindustrialexodus?"问题：WhatisthemainconcernofsteelandcementindustriesundertheGreenDeal?A)Highproductioncostsduetorenewableenergyadoption.B)Lossofmarketaccessinnon-EUcountries.C)Forcedrelocationtoavoidstricterenvironmentallaws.D)Insufficientinvestmentingreentechnologies.答案：C解析：文章明确提到企业因环保法规可能迁出欧盟，故C项为正确答案。A、B、D均为干扰项。题目4（2分）题干："InAfrica,mobilebankinghasrevolutionizedfinancialinclusion,butruralareasstilllackreliableinternetconnectivity.A2023WorldBankreporthighlightsthatonly25%ofruralTanzaniansusedigitalbankingservices.Governmentsarenowexploringsatellite-basedsolutionstobridgethisgap.Howcouldsuchinitiativesimpacteconomicgrowthintheregion?"问题：Whatisthepotentialbenefitofsatellite-basedbankingsolutionsinAfrica?A)Reducedrelianceontraditionalbankinginfrastructure.B)Completeeliminationoffinancialexclusion.C)Increasedgovernmentcontroloverruraleconomies.D)Highertransactionfeesduetoadvancedtechnology.答案：A解析：文章指出卫星技术可解决农村金融接入问题，故A项为合理推论。B项过于理想化，C、D项与文意不符。二、翻译（共2题，每题5分，共10分）题目5（5分）原文："Despitetherapiddevelopmentofrenewableenergy,energystorageremainsabottleneckforlarge-scaleadoption.Innovationsinbatterytechnologyandhydrogenstoragearecriticaltostabilizinggrids.However,highcostsandlimitedsupplychainshinderprogress.Policymakersmustprioritizeinvestmentinthissectortoensureasustainableenergyfuture."翻译要求：将以上段落翻译成中文，注意术语准确性和逻辑连贯性。答案：尽管可再生能源发展迅速，但储能技术仍是大规模应用的主要瓶颈。电池技术和氢能存储的创新对于稳定电网至关重要。然而，高昂的成本和有限的供应链限制了其发展。政策制定者必须优先投资该领域，以确保可持续的能源未来。解析：1."bottleneck"译为"瓶颈"符合行业术语；2."gridstabilization"译为"稳定电网"准确传达原文含义；3.被动语态（"arecritical"）转化为中文主动句式，符合表达习惯；4."supplychains"译为"供应链"避免直译"链条"，更专业。题目6（5分）原文："TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedvulnerabilitiesinglobalsupplychains,particularlyinSoutheastAsia.FactoryclosuresinVietnamandIndonesialedtoshortagesofelectronicscomponents.Toaddressthis,multinationalcorporationsarediversifyingproductionbases.However,thisshiftmayincreasecarbonemissionsduetolongerlogisticsnetworks.Abalancedapproach—combiningresiliencewithsustainability—isneededtobuildapost-pandemiceconomy."翻译要求：将以上段落翻译成中文，注意长句拆分和逻辑衔接。答案：新冠疫情暴露了全球供应链的脆弱性，尤其在东南亚地区。越南和印尼的工厂关闭导致电子元件短缺。为应对这一问题，跨国公司正分散生产基地。然而，这一转变可能因物流网络延长而加剧碳排放。