重庆市2025-2026学年高一英语上学期12月期中试题含解析

英语试题卷共9页。满分分。考试时间分钟。注意事项：答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题：每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanforgettotake?A.Hisphone.B.Hisglasses.C.Hiskeys.2.What’swrongwiththerice?A.Itwasmixedwithsand.B.Itwaswashedtoomanytimes.C.Itwasn’tcookedwithenoughwater.3.Whatwastheweatherlikelastnight?A.Snowy.B.Stormy.C.4.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.awalk.B.Feedtheirpet.C.Gotoananimalhospital.5.Whatsportwillthespeakersplayatthepark?A.B.Basketball.C.Badminton.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。第1页/共26页

6.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsIndia’srequest?A.Confused.B.Supportive.C.Annoyed.7.Whereistheartworknow?A.Inapalace.B.Atamuseum.C.Atabattlesite.听第7段材料，回答第、9题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.andstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Brotherandsister.9.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Atabusstation.C.Athome.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.Whydidn’tthewomanplantovisitthemuseumatfirst?A.Itscollectionsdon’tinteresther.B.Shelivesfarawayfromit.C.Theweatherisstormy.HowmanyofGogh’sartworkscanbeseenonline?A.Over200.B.Over500.C.Over700.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Findhercomputer.B.aletter.C.BookatriptoAmsterdam.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.Whatwillthemanprobablydowiththesittingroom?A.Fitsomechairsinit.B.PlaceanewTVinit.C.Changeittoagamingroom.14.Whatdoesthemanlikemostaboutthemainbedroom?A.TheB.Thesize.C.Thedecoration.15.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Ahouseagent.B.Ateacher.C.Acook.16.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Repairingahouse.B.Rentingahouse.C.Decorationahouse.听第段材料，回答第至题。17.WhathappenedtoFedererin1998?A.Hebrokearecord.第2页/共26页

B.Hewonhis20thchampionship.C.Hebecameaprofessionalathlete.18.WhydidFedererquittheRioOlympics?A.Hehurthisknee.B.Hedoubtedhisability.C.Hisfamilyheldhimback.19.WhatistheRogerFedererFoundationabout?A.Helpingalldisabledplayers.B.Supportingsportsinpoorareas.C.Strengtheningchildhoodeducation.20.WhatdoesthespeakeradmiremostaboutFederer?A.Hiskindness.B.Hissportsskills.C.Hisbusinesssuccess.第二部分阅读理解共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALearningEnglishCourseforstudentsself-studymodules,resourcesanddiscussionswithover85,000studentsinourCoursesforStudentCommunity,andliveevents.AsyouexperimentwithcreativewaystoenhanceyourEnglish,you’llgainpracticalguidanceandpeersupportfrombothcourseprofessorsandfellowlearners.Ittakesaround12hourstocompleteandincludes:·AnintroductoryGettingStartedmodule:a30-minuteinteractiveguidethatshowslearnershowtousetheplatformandsetpersonalstudygoals.·Threebasicmodules:eachlaststhreehours,includestwoshortquizzes,andendswithamini-project.·A30-minutereflectionchecklistthatunlocksonlyafterallquizzesandmini-projectshavebeenhandedin.·ApersonalizedCertificate(证书)ofAchievementwillbegivenoutoncethereflectionchecklistiscompletedandtheoverallscoreisatleast70%.Getthesupportyouneedtoapplycourseideastoyourlearninginoursupportivegroup.thisgroup,youcanlearnwithcourseprofessorsandpeerswhoalsosignupfortheprogram.Attendliveeventsledbycourseeducatorsandexperiencededucationalexperts,orwatchtherecordingsinour第3页/共26页

grouporonBilibili.Thesesessionslearningideasandachancetoaskquestionsandshareyourowninsights.1.WhatistheadvantageofLearningEnglishCourse?A.freelearningresources.B.aidstudentsindifferentways.C.organizeliveeventsregularly.D.helpstudentsgetcertificateseasily.2.Whichisamustforthecertificate?A.A30-minuteminiproject.B.Acompletedreflectionchecklist.C.Over12hoursofstudytime.D.Approvalfromthesupportteam.3.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Atravelguide.B.Ascientificreport.C.Atextbookintroduction.D.Acourseadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学生英语课程的内容、优势及获取证书的条件。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LearningEnglishCourseforstudentsself-studymodules,resourcesanddiscussionswithover85,000studentsinourCoursesforStudentCommunity,andliveevents.AsyouexperimentwithcreativewaystoenhanceyourEnglish,you’llgainpracticalguidanceandpeersupportfrombothcourseprofessorsandfellowlearners.(学生英语课程为学生提供自学模块、资源，学生还能在我们“学生课程社区”中与超过8.5课程教授和同学那里获得实用的指导以及同辈支持)”可知，该课程通过多种方式帮助学生，包括自学模块、社区讨论和直播活动等。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Self-studymodules部分“ApersonalizedCertificate(证书)ofAchievementwillbegivenoutoncethereflectionchecklistiscompletedandtheoverallscoreisatleast.(一旦反思清单完成且总分至少达到70%，将颁发个性化成就证书)”可知，获得证书的必备条件是完成反思清单且总分至少达到70%B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“LearningEnglishCourseforstudentsself-studymodules,resourcesanddiscussionswithover85,000studentsinourCoursesforStudentCommunity,andliveevents.Asyouexperiment第4页/共26页

withcreativewaystoenhanceyourEnglish,you’llgainpracticalguidanceandpeersupportfrombothcourseprofessorsandfellowlearners.(学生英语课程为学生提供自学模块、资源，学生还能在我们“学生课程社区”中与超过8.5课程教授和同学那里获得实用的指导以及同辈支持)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一门英语课程的学习模块、社区支持和直播活动等内容，目的是吸引学生报名参加，因此这篇文章最有可能来自课程广告。故选D。BAshtonSimmons,knownbyhisstagenameDanielCaesar,isaR&Bsinger.OnOctober24,2025,hereleasedhisfourthstudioalbum(专辑)SonofSpergy—aworkthatmarksakeycareerturn.Beforethis,Caesarhadalreadygainedrecognitionwithhis2023albumNeverEnough,whichreachedNo.2onBillboard’sR&BalbumsChart.However,SonofSpergywentbeyondthisachievement,markingCaesar’sfirstNo.1onanyBillboardchart.Thissuccessisatestamenttohisgrowthasanartist,showinghismusic’semotionalpower.Centeredonmendingtieswithhisfatherandexploringspirituality,thealbum’stitlehonorsCaesar’sfather,NorwillSimmons,apastorandgospelsinger,whogoesbythenickname“Spergy”.CaesaroncesharedthatSpergyhaslonginfluencedhislife,andthisalbumisrootedintheirjourneytoward“reconciliation(和解)”—athemethatshinesthroughineverypartofthework.Thereare12tracksinthealbumthatcombinesoftmelodies,heartfeltlyrics,anduniqueaudiolayers,whichtogethercreatetherichandemotionalsoundofthemusic.tellCaesar’sstory:“HaveABaby(WithMe)”talksofrenewal,whenhesings:“It’stoolateforourdreams.canmakeanewdream.”“BabyBlue”,withhisfather,mixesR&Bandgospel,endingwithSpergy’swords.Hecontinuessingingaboutchoosingthepeopletobewithinthefuturein“WhoKnows”.In“Moon”,Caesarraisesquestionsofthesoul,“Who’sgonnabemyJesus?”Thealbumendswith“SinsofFather”(withBonIver),apiano-driventrackwhereCaesarforgiveshisfather.Thefinalline—around.Oh,childofmine”—doublesasanodtohisbondwithGodandhealedrelationshipwithSpergy.ForCaesarmusicsharesvulnerability.ThroughSonofSpergy,heconfirmshisplaceasatopartistandinviteslistenerstothinkaboutfamilyandspirituality.4.HowdidtheauthorsupporttheideathatthealbumSonofSpergymarkedakeycareerturn?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Bygroupingdata.第5页/共26页

C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Bygivingdefinitions.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutCaesar’sfather?A.Hefirstsoughtreconciliation.B.HeisanR&Bsingerandpastor.C.Hehasinfluencedthenewalbum.D.Henamedthealbumafterhisnickname.6.Whichtrackreflectsthealbum’sspiritualexploration?A.Moon.B.BabyBlue.C.WhoKnows.D.HaveABaby(WithMe).7.WhatisCaesar’sexpectationforthealbum?A.topthebillboardcharts.B.showhisfather’smusicaltalent.C.sharehisreconciliationwithSpergy.D.inspirereflectiononfamilyandspirituality.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了R&B歌手DanielCaesar的新专辑《SonofSpergy》及其意义。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Beforethis,Caesarhadalreadygainedrecognitionwithhis2023albumNeverEnough,whichreachedNo.2onBillboard’sR&BalbumsChart.However,SonofSpergywentbeyondthisachievement,markingCaesar’sfirstNo.1onanyBillboardchart.(Caesar凭借2023NeverEnoughR&BSonofSpergy了这一成就，标志着Caesar首次在公告牌任何排行榜上排名第一。)”可知，作者通过将《SonofSpergy》与CaesarNeverEnoughSonofSpergyCaesar职业生涯关键转折点的观点。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Centeredonmendingtieswithhisfatherandexploringspirituality,thealbum’stitlehonorsCaesar’sfather,NorwillSimmons,apastorandgospelsinger,whogoesbythenickname“Spergy”.CaesaroncesharedthatSpergyhaslonginfluencedhislife,andthisalbumisrootedintheirjourneytoward“reconciliation(和解)”—athemethatshinesthroughineverypartofthework.(这张专辑以修复与父亲的关系和探索精神世界为中心，专辑的标题是为了纪念Caesar的父亲NorwillSimmons，他是一位牧师和福音歌手，绰号“Spergy”。Caesar曾分享说，Spergy长期以来一直影响着他的生活，而这张专辑植根于他们走向“和解”第6页/共26页

的旅程——这一主题在作品的每一部分都闪耀着光芒。)”可知，Caesar的父亲对这张新专辑产生了影响。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“In“Moon”,Caesarraisesquestionsofthesoul,“Who’sgonnabemyJesus?”(在《Moon》中，Caesar)Moon》这首歌反映了专辑对精神世界的探索。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ForCaesar,musicsharesvulnerability.ThroughSonofSpergy,heconfirmshisplaceasatopartistandinviteslistenerstothinkaboutfamilyandspirituality.(对Caesar来说，音乐分享脆弱性。通过《SonofSpergy)”可知，Caesar对这张专辑的期望是激发人们对家庭和精神世界的反思。故选D。CBornbetweenthemid-1990sandearly2010s,GenZisoftenreferredtoas“digital(数码的)natives”.Therefore,itmaycomeasasurprisethatGenZisturningawayfromscreensandheadingoutdoors.Fromforestbathingtocampingtrips,moreyoungadultsareembracingnatureaspartoftheirlives.Digitaltirednessisdrivingchange.GenZspendsmoretimeonlinethananyothergeneration,withdailyscreentimeaveraging6-9hours.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyPewResearchCentre,over60%ofGenZrespondentsreportedfeelingstressedoutbythepressuresofstayingdigitallyconnected.Therefore,natureanescape.ForGenZ,beingoutdoorsisn’tjustleisure,it’saformofessentialself-care.Surprisingly,theveryplatformsdrivingdigitaltirednessarenowfuelingnatureengagement.Socialmediaisnotjustpartoftheproblembutit’salsopartofthesolution.Populartagssuchas#Hiking,#IceBathing,#RunningClubs,andhavereceivedbillionsofviewsonline.Healthandlifestyleinfluencersshareexperiencesoftheseactivities,transformingtheimageofnatureasdesirableandreachable.Althoughaccesstonatureisstilllimitedbysafetyconcerns,cost,andurbandensity,GenZisadaptingasbestastheycan.Fromsharingequipmenttojoiningoutdoorclubs,they’refindingcreativewaystoregainaccesstopublicspaces.Reconnectingwithnatureisalsodrivenbyenvironmentalvalues.Fromecotourismtozero-wastehiking,GenZspendsoutdoortimewithpurpose.GenZisreshapingglobalmovements,usingsocialmediatospreadideasofclimateactionandredefinesustainableliving.Thisgenerationisembracingoutdoorexperiencesthatarelow-cost,low-tech,anddeeplyfulfilling.Amongalltheseactivities,runclubsandsocialfitnesseventshavetakeninpopularity.第7页/共26页

agrowingnumberofGenZpassionateaboutspendingtimeoutdoors,it’sevidentthatmanyareturningtonaturetorestorebalance,fosterconnection,andcontributetoahealthierworld.8.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph2show?A.GenZ’sdigitaloverload.B.GenZ’spreferenceforscreens.C.Thenecessityofdigitalconnection.D.Thephenomenonofonlineaddiction.9.Whichbestdescribessocialmedia’sroleforGenZ?A.B.Up-to-date.C.Problem-causing.D.Space-saving.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Onlineplatformssupportecotourism.B.GenZhasstrongenvironmentalawareness.C.Embracingoutdooractivitiesischallenging.D.Socialfitnesseventsrequiresharedequipment.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromOnlinetoOutdoors:TheCalloftheB.BeyondtheScreen:TheofOutdoorLivesC.GenZisreplacingScreenforGreenD.SocialMediaisLeadingGenZtoOutdoor【答案】8.A9.A10.BC【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Z世代虽为数字原住民，却因数字疲劳转向户外，同时借助社交媒体推动自然活动，践行环保理念的趋势。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“GenZspendsmoretimeonlinethananyothergeneration,withdailyscreentimeaveraging6-9hours.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyPewResearchCentre,over60%ofGenZrespondentsreportedfeelingstressedoutbythepressuresofstayingdigitallyconnected.(Z世代比其他任何一代人上网时间都长，日均屏幕使用时长达到6到9小时。根据皮尤研究中心近期的一项调查，超60%的Z世代受访者表示，维持线上社交的压力让他们感到焦虑。)”可知，这些数据体现出Z世代存在数字过度使用的问题。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Surprisingly,theveryplatformsdrivingdigitaltirednessarenowfuelingnature第8页/共26页

engagement.Socialmediaisnotjustpartoftheproblembutit’salsopartofthesolution.(令人惊讶的是，那些催生数字疲劳的平台如今正推动着人们走进自然。社交媒体不仅是问题的制造者，也是解决方案的一部分。)”可知，社交媒体对Z世代而言具有双面性。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Reconnectingwithnatureisalsodrivenbyenvironmentalvalues.Fromecotourismtozero-wastehiking,GenZspendsoutdoortimewithpurpose.GenZisreshapingglobalmovements,usingsocialmediatospreadideasofclimateactionandredefinesustainableliving.(与自然重新建立联系，同样ZZ世代正在重塑全球环保运动，利用社交媒体传播气候行动理念，重新定义可持续生活方式。)”可知，Z世代具备强烈的环保意识。故选B项。【题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Bornbetweenthemid-1990sandearly2010s,GenZisoftenreferredtoas“digital(数码的)natives”.Therefore,itmaycomeasasurprisethatGenZisturningawayfromscreensandheadingoutdoors.(出生于20世纪90年代中期至21世纪10年代初的Z世代常被称为“数字原住民”。因此，Z世代正远离屏幕、走向户外的现象可能会令人感到意外。)”可知，全文核心是Z世代减少Z为文章标题。故选C项。DCarlBehnke,afoodsafetyexpertatPurdueUniversity,hadlongbeencuriousabouttheactualcleanlinessofhisreusablewaterbottle.Heputpapertowelsintothebottleand,uponpullingthemout,wasshockedtoseehowdirtytheyturnedouttobe.Thisinspiredhimtodesignastudy.Behnkeandcolleaguesstoppedpassers-byalongaroadatPurdueandaskediftheywouldbehappytolendtheirwaterbottlestothemaspartoftheirresearch—toseehowcleantheywere.“Onethingthatstoodoutfromtheprojectwasthenumberofpeoplewhodidn’twanttoknowtheresults,”recallsBehnke.“Basically,theyknewthattheircleaninghabitswerepoortonon-existent—somethingthedatalatersuggested,withsomeevenrarelythinkingaboutcleaningtheirbottles.”Researchshowsthatreusablewaterbottlescancarrymillionsofbacteria.Astudyfoundthatwaterinbottlesusedbyadultswentfromabout75,000bacteria(细菌)permilliliterinthemorningtoover1-2millionbytheendoftheday.Contaminationoftencomesfromthedrinker’shands,mouth,andtheoutsideofthebottle.Thosewhodon’twashtheirhandsregularlymayintroduceharmfulgermslikeE.coliintotheirbottles.第9页/共26页

Whilemostbacteriaareharmless,theycanputsomepeopleatrisk,especiallythosewithpoorhealth.Besides,drinksthatcontainsugarcanfeedbacteria,promotinggrowthandmakingthesituationworse.Althoughseriousillnessesfromreusablebottlesarerare,it’sstillimportanttomaintaingoodhygiene(卫生).reducebacterialgrowth,it’srecommendedtocleanyourwaterbottleregularly.Behnke’sresearchindicatedthatparticipantswhousedbrushesordishwashershadthelowestbacteriacounts.Cleaningshouldinvolvehotwaterandsoap,lettingthebottlesitforabouttenminutesbeforewashingthoroughly.It’sessentialtoletthebottleair-drytopreventwetnessbuildup,whichencouragesbacteria.Andproperhandwashingbeforetouchingyourcleanbottlecanalsohelpreducecontamination.12.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepeopleinthestudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Theyactivelyhelpedwiththestudy.B.Theythoughtthestudywasnecessary.C.Theywereconfidentaboutthestudyresults.D.Theywerecleartheydidn’ttakegoodcareoftheirbottles.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Contamination”inparagraph3mean?A.dirt.B.Pollution.C.Damage.D.Sickness.14.What’sarecommendedwaytoreducebacteriagrowth?A.withcleandrytowels.B.handsregularlywithsoap.C.Usingbrusheswithhotsoapywater.D.forabouttenminuteseachtime.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.AreUsingtheRightBottle?B.DoesBottleMakeSick?C.AreCleaningBottleEnough?D.ShouldStopUsingReusableBottle?【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍可重复使用水瓶的卫生问题及对应的清洁建议。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Basically,theyknewthattheircleaninghabitswerepoortonon-existent—第10页/共26页

somethingthedatalatersuggested,withsomeevenrarelythinkingaboutcleaningtheirbottles.(自己的清洁习惯很差，甚至根本没有清洁习惯——这一点后来得到了数据的证实，有些人甚至很少考虑清洗自己的水瓶)”可知，这些人清楚自己没有好好清洁水瓶，所以才不想知道研究结果。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Contaminationoftencomesfromthedrinker’shands,mouth,andtheoutsideofthebottle.Thosewhodon’twashtheirhandsregularlymayintroduceharmfulgermslikeE.coliintotheirbottles.(Contamination通常来自饮用者的手、嘴巴以及水瓶的外部。那些不经常洗手的人可能会将大肠杆菌等有害细菌带入瓶中)”可知，该词指的是水瓶被细菌等弄脏的状态，由此猜测划线词意为“污染”，与Pollution含义相近。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Behnke’sresearchindicatedthatparticipantswhousedbrushesordishwashershadthelowestbacteriacounts.Cleaningshouldinvolvehotwaterandsoap,lettingthebottlesitforabouttenminutesbeforewashingthoroughly.(Behnke的研究表明，使用刷子或洗碗机的参与者，其水瓶的细菌数量最低。清洗时应使用热水和肥皂，先将水瓶放置约十分钟，再彻底洗净)”可知，推荐的减少细菌滋生的方法是用刷子配合热水和肥皂清洗水瓶。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段引出的水瓶清洁度研究、第三段说明的水瓶细菌污染问题以及AreCleaningBottleEnough?(你的喝水瓶洗得够勤吗？)最适合作为标题。故选C项。EexpertssayextremecoldinmanypartsoftheUnitedStatesthiswinterhasbeendrivenbyapolarvortex(涡旋).Butwhatisthisweathersystemandhowdoesitwork?TheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)definesapolarvortexasasetofpowerfulwesterlywinds—notasinglestorm,butasteadyatmosphericpattern,whichusuallytakesshapeeachyearintheArcticstratosphere,alayer16to48kilometersabovethesurfaceofthenorthernmostpointonEarth,andremainsactivemainlyduringthecoldwinterperiod.Attimes,thepolarvortexweakens,makingcoldairmassesescapeandmovesouth,whilepushingwarmerairnorth.Thiswinter,severalsucheventshavehittheU.S.andEurope,asArcticweatherforcescombinedtodrivecoldairsouthward.readings—temperaturereadingsthattakeintoconsiderationtheofwind—felltominus第11页/共26页

51degreesCelsiusintheU.S.Midwest,colderthanactualairtemperatures.TheU.S.NationalService(NWS)warnedofpossibledangerssuchasfrostbiteandhypothermiaforunprotectedskin,aswellasfrozenandbursthomewaterpipesduetoprolongedcold,addingthatmoststateswouldfacelowwindchilltemperatures,withexceptionsincludingthosewithmilderclimateslikeHawaii,CaliforniaandFlorida.Themidwesternregion,coveringstatessuchasKansas,NebraskaandMissouri,wasexpectedtobehitthehardest.NOAAnotesthepolarvortexsurroundsnotjusttheArcticbutbothofEarth’spoles,strengtheninginwinterandweakeninginsummer.Aboutonceayear,itweakensfurther,shiftingthepoleorbreakingapart,whichpushessurfacecoldairsouth.NOAA’smodelspredictlowtemperaturesforstateslikeOklahoma,Colorado,IllinoisandIowa,aswellasMontanaandtheDakotas.Somestormsmayalsobringheavysnoworflooding.16.WhichofthefollowingisNOAA’sfeatureofthepolarvortexaccordingtoNOAA’sdefinition?A.StrongB.SystemicC.RegularD.Destructive17.Whyarewindchillreadingsmentionedinthepassage?A.explainhowArcticweatherforceswork.B.stresstheseriousnessoftheextremecold.C.comparetemperaturesindifferentU.S.states.D.showtheactualairtemperatureintheMidwest.18.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheU.S.statesaffectedbylowwindchill?A.Hawaiiwillfaceslightwindchillduetoitslocation.B.Midweststatesaremoreeasilyaffectedbyextremecold.C.Californiaislikelytoexperiencethecoldesttemperatures.D.Florida’sclimatemakesitimpossibletohavelowtemperatures.19Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?A.ThehistoryofpolarvortexeventsinEurope.B.WhyCaliforniaandFloridaarelessbycold.C.NOAA’splanstoimproveweatherpredictionmodels.D.Howtoprotectoneselffromthepolarvortex’sharmful【答案】16.D17.B18.B19.D【解析】第12页/共26页

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍极涡这一气象系统的定义、运行机制，以及它引发美国冬季极端严寒天气的影响和相关预警。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)definesapolarvortexasasetofpowerfulwesterlywinds—notasinglestorm,butasteadyatmosphericpattern,whichusuallytakesshapeeachyearintheArcticstratosphere,alayer16to48kilometersabovethesurfaceofthenorthernmostpointonEarth,andremainsactivemainlyduringthecoldwinterperiod.(美国国家海洋和大气管理局将极涡定义为一股强劲的西风带——它并非单一风暴，而是一种稳定的大气模式，通常每年在北极平流层形成，该层位于地球最北端表面上方16至48公里处，且主要在寒冷的冬季保持活跃。)NOAA定义的极涡具有强劲、系统性、规律性的特点，破坏性未被提及。故选D项。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“TheU.S.NationalService(NWS)warnedofpossibledangerssuchasfrostbiteandhypothermiaforunprotectedskin,aswellasfrozenandbursthomewaterpipesduetoprolongedcold,addingthatmoststateswouldfacelowwindchilltemperatures,withexceptionsincludingthosewithmilderclimateslikeHawaii,CaliforniaandFlorida.(风寒温度——一种计入风的影响的气温读数——在美国中西部降至零下51摄氏度，比实际气温更低。美国国家气象局提醒，裸露的皮肤可能会面临冻伤、体温过低等风险，长时间的严寒还会导致家用水管冻结破裂，并补充称，除夏威夷、加利福尼亚和佛罗里达等气候较为温和的州外，大部分州都将遭遇低温风寒天气。)”可知，文中提及风寒指数是为了强调极端严寒的严重性。故选B项。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Themidwesternregion,coveringstatessuchasKansas,NebraskaandMissouri,wasexpectedtobehitthehardest.(包括堪萨斯州、内布拉斯加州和密苏里州在内的中西部地区预计受影响最为严重。)”可知，美国中西部各州更容易受到极端寒冷天气的影响。故选B项。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“TheU.S.NationalService(NWS)warnedofpossibledangerssuchasfrostbiteandhypothermiaforunprotectedskin,aswellasfrozenandbursthomewaterpipesduetoprolongedcold,addingthatmoststateswouldfacelowwindchilltemperatures,withexceptionsincludingthosewithmilderclimateslikeHawaii,CaliforniaandFlorida.(风寒温度——一种计入风的影响的气温读数——在美国中西部降至零下51摄氏度，比实际气温更低。美国国家气象局提醒，裸露的皮肤可能会面临冻伤、体温过低等风险，长时间的严寒还会导致家用水管冻结破裂，并补充称，除夏威夷、加利福尼亚和佛罗里达等气候较为第13页/共26页

)”以及第六段中的“NOAA’smodelspredictlowtemperaturesforstateslikeOklahoma,Colorado,IllinoisandIowa,aswellasMontanaandtheDakotas.Somestormsmayalsobringheavysnoworflooding.(伊利诺伊州、爱荷华州以及怀俄明州、蒙大拿州和达科他州将出现低温天气。部分风暴还可能带来强降雪或洪水灾害。)”可知，文章前文重点阐述了极涡带来的低温、严寒及各类灾害风险，按照行文逻辑，接下来最有可能讨论的是如何应对这些风险、保护自身安全的相关内容。故选D项。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)Apaidinternship(实习)isajobofteninyourchosenfieldofworkthatasalaryandiscombinedwithtraininginyourfield.Paidinternshipsarecommonforcollegestudents,whomayworkpart-timeduringtheschoolyearandfull-timeduringthevacation.Thelengthoftheinternshipisnotalwaysthesame.____20____Sometimes,itcanlastforayearortwoasknowledgeincreases.Certainfieldsmayrequirethatyougainsomeinternshipexperienceinadvancebeforegettingalicense.____21____Studentsmightseekoutpaidinternshipstoincreasetheirchancesofgettingemployedintheirchosencareer.Afewpaidinternshipsmaybecompletelyunrelatedtojobsyoumightwanttobeinbutareattractivebecausethey’refunorhaveflexiblescheduling.____22____Theyallowyoutomakesomemoneywhilelearningmoreaboutthejobsyoumightlaterapplyfor.Inaddition,engaginginapaidinternshipallowsyoutosetupconnectionswithprofessionalsandpeerswithinyourindustry.Thesenetworkingopportunitiescanprovevaluableinthefuture.Someworkopportunitiesareknownaspartiallypaidinternships.Theseusuallyastipend(生活津贴)orafixedandregularpaymentthatislessthanastandardsalary.Stipendsgreatlyandmayincludehousingaspartoftheir____23____Thereisapossibilitythatpaidinternshipsmayleadtolastingemployment.____24____Thechangefromaninterntoafull-timeemployeeislinkedtoseveralpoints,includingtheintern’sperformance,organizationalneeds,andsuitablepositions.A.However,itjustdepends.B.Notallinternshipsarepaid.C.Therearemanyadvantagesofpaidinternships.D.Usuallythemoneyjustenoughtoliveon.E.Itcanbeofshortduration,lastingonlyseveralmonths.第14页/共26页

F.Thisiscommonintheteachingfieldandmanyscientificfields.G.Moreover,paidinternshipstendtoattractabroaderpoolofapplicants.【答案】20.E21.F22.C23.D24.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍带薪实习的定义、时长、适用领域、优势、特殊类型以及转正可能性等相关内容。【20题详解】根据空前的“Thelengthoftheinternshipisnotalwaysthesame.(实习的时长并不总是相同的)”以及空后的“Sometimes,itcanlastforayearortwoasknowledgeincreases.(有时，随着知识的积累，实习时长可以达到一两年)”可知，此空应是讲述实习时长的一种情况，与后文的长时间形成对应。E选项“Itcanbeofshortduration,lastingonlyseveralmonths()”中的duration和lastingonlyseveralmonths与前文的length相呼应，且与后文的ayearortwo形成对比，符合语境。故选E项。【21题详解】根据空前的“Certainfieldsmayrequirethatyougainsomeinternshipexperienceinadvancebeforegettingalicense.(某些领域可能要求你在获得执照之前提前积累一些实习经验。)”可知，此空应是列举符合该要求的具体领域。F选项“Thisiscommonintheteachingfieldandmanyscientificfields.(这在教学领域和许多科学领域都很常见)”中的this指代前文“需要提前积累实习经验才能获证”的情况，且明确了具体的领域，符合语境。故选F项。【22题详解】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，用来概括本段内容。根据空后的“Theyallowyoutomakesomemoneywhilelearningmoreaboutthejobsyoumightlaterapplyfor.Inaddition,engaginginapaidinternshipallowsyoutosetupconnectionswithprofessionalsandpeerswithinyourindustry.(多地了解你日后可能申请的工作。此外，参加带薪实习还能让你与所在行业的专业人士和同行建立联系)”可知，本段主要讲述带薪实习的好处。C选项“Therearemanyadvantagesofpaidinternships.(带薪实习有很多好处)”能够概括本段主题，符合语境。故选C项。【23题详解】根据空前的“Theseusuallyastipend(生活津贴)orafixedandregularpaymentthatislessthanastandardsalary.Stipendsgreatlyandmayincludehousingaspartoftheir(这类实习通常会提供生活津贴，或者低于标准工资的固定定期报酬。津贴数额差异很大，有些还会将住房纳入福利范围)”可知，此空应是进一步说明这类津贴的特点。D选项“Usuallythemoneyjustenoughtoliveon.(通常这些钱仅够维持基本第15页/共26页

生活)”中的themoney指代前文的stipend，且补充说明了津贴的用途和水平，符合语境。故选D项。【24题详解】根据空前的“Thereisapossibilitythatpaidinternshipsmayleadtolastingemployment.(带薪实习有可能转化为长期工作)”以及空后的“Thechangefromaninterntoafull-timeemployeeislinkedtoseveralpoints,includingtheintern’sperformance,organizationalneeds,andsuitablepositions.(从实习生转为全职员工与多个因素相关，包括实习生的表现、公司的需求以及合适的岗位空缺)”可知，此空应是起到过渡作用，说明实习转正并非绝对的。A选项“However,itjustdepends.(不过，这要视情况而定)”中的however表转折，引出后文转正的影响因素，符合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题1分，满分分阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IrememberwhenIwas10,tokilltime,Isetmymindoncompletinga1,000-piecepuzzle(拼图).Uponfinishingit,whatsuddenly____25____mewastheprofoundsenseofsatisfactionthatcamewithpiecingeverytinyparttogether.Afterthat,puzzlesg