英语不动词时态变化表详解

在英语的广阔天地中，动词无疑是构建句子的核心骨架。而在众多动词中，不规则动词以其变化多端的特性，常常成为英语学习者在时态运用中面临的一大挑战。与规则动词遵循“加-ed”的简单模式不同，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式千差万别，难以一概而论。掌握这些不规则变化，对于准确运用各种时态、理解句意以及进行有效沟通至关重要。本文旨在深入剖析常见不规则动词的时态变化，并辅以实用的变化表与例证，助力学习者更好地掌握这一难点。不规则动词的核心变化：理解三种基本形式不规则动词的时态变化，主要体现在其原形(BaseForm)、过去式(PastTense)和过去分词(PastParticiple)这三种核心形式上。这三种形式是构成英语各种复杂时态（如现在完成时、过去完成时）以及被动语态的基石。*原形(BaseForm):动词的基本形态，用于一般现在时（主语非第三人称单数）、不定式（to+动词）以及情态动词之后。*过去式(PastTense):用于表示过去发生的动作或状态，主要用于一般过去时。*过去分词(PastParticiple):常用于现在完成时、过去完成时、被动语态，以及作为形容词修饰名词。常见不规则动词时态变化表及用法示例以下是一些英语中最常用、也最容易混淆的不规则动词及其三种基本形式的变化表，并附带简要的用法示例，以帮助理解和记忆。动词原形(BaseForm)中文释义过去式(PastTense)过去分词(PastParticiple)用法示例(Examples):-------------------:-------:------------------:-------------------------:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------arise出现arosearisenAproblemaroseyesterday.(昨天出现了一个问题。)/Thesunhasarisen.(太阳已经升起。)awake醒来awoke/awakedawoken/awakedSheawokeatdawn.(她黎明时分醒来。)/Hehasawokenfromhisdream.(他已从梦中醒来。)be(am,is,are)是was(were)beenIamhappy.(我很高兴。)/Theywerehere.(他们曾在这里。)/HehasbeentoParis.(他去过巴黎。)bear忍受；生育boreborne/bornSheborethepainsilently.(她默默忍受痛苦。)/Hewasbornin1980.(他生于1980年。)beat击打beatbeatenHebeatthedrumloudly.(他大声击鼓。)/Theteamhasbeatenallopponents.(该队已击败所有对手。)begin开始beganbegunThemeetingbeganatnine.(会议九点开始。)/Wehavebeguntheproject.(我们已开始这项工程。)bend弯曲bentbentHebentthestick.(他把棍子弄弯了。)/Theroadhasbentsharply.(道路急转。)bet打赌bet/bettedbet/bettedIbetonthewronghorse.(我赌错了马。)/Hehasbetallhismoney.(他已赌上了所有钱。)bind捆绑boundboundTheyboundtheprisoner.(他们捆绑了囚犯。)/Thebooksareboundinleather.(这些书是皮面装订的。)bite咬bitbittenThedogbitme.(狗咬了我。)/Ihavebeenbittenbyamosquito.(我被蚊子叮了。)bleed流血bledbledHisnosebledprofusely.(他流了很多鼻血。)/Hehasbledforhiscountry.(他为祖国流过血。)blow吹blewblownThewindblewallnight.(风刮了一整夜。)/Thecandlehasblownout.(蜡烛被吹灭了。)break打破brokebrokenHebrokethewindow.(他打破了窗户。)/Thevasehasbeenbroken.(花瓶已被打破。)bring带来broughtbroughtShebroughtagift.(她带来了一份礼物。)/Theyhavebroughtgoodnews.(他们带来了好消息。)build建造builtbuiltTheybuiltahouse.(他们建了一所房子。)/Thebridgehasbeenbuilt.(桥已建成。)burn燃烧burned/burntburned/burntThefireburnedbrightly.(火烧得很旺。)/Thetoasthasburnt.(面包片烤焦了。)buy买boughtboughtIboughtabookyesterday.(我昨天买了一本书。)/Shehasboughtanewcar.(她买了辆新车。)catch抓住caughtcaughtHecaughttheball.(他接住了球。)/Thethiefhasbeencaught.(小偷已被抓住。)choose选择chosechosenShechosethereddress.(她选了那条红裙子。)/Theyhavechosenhimastheirleader.(他们选他为领袖。)cost花费costcostThebookcost10dollars.(这本书花了10美元。)/Thismistakehascostusdearly.(这个错误让我们付出了高昂代价。)cut切cutcutHecutthecake.(他切了蛋糕。)/Thepaperhasbeencutintopieces.(纸已被剪成碎片。)do(does)做diddoneIdomyhomeworkeveryday.(我每天做作业。)/Hediditwell.(他做得很好。)/Theyhavedonetheirbest.(他们已尽了最大努力。)draw画drewdrawnShedrewapicture.(她画了一幅画。)/Thecurtainshavebeendrawn.(窗帘已拉上。)drink喝drankdrunkHedrankaglassofwater.(他喝了一杯水。)/Shehasdrunktoomuchcoffee.(她喝了太多咖啡。)drive驾驶drovedrivenHedrovetowork.(他开车去上班。)/Shehasdrivenmanymiles.(她已开了很多英里。)eat吃ateeatenIatelunchatnoon.(我中午吃的午饭。)/Haveyoueatenyet?(你吃了吗？)fall落下fellfallenTheleavesfellinautumn.(树叶在秋天落下。)/Hehasfallenill.(他生病了。)feed喂养fedfedShefeedsthecateveryday.(她每天喂猫。)/Thebabyhasbeenfed.(婴儿已喂过了。)feel感觉feltfeltIfeelcold.(我觉得冷。)/Shefelthappy.(她感到高兴。)/Hehasfeltbettersinceyesterday.(从昨天起他感觉好多了。)fight打架foughtfoughtTheyfoughtbravely.(他们勇敢地战斗。)/Theyhavefoughtmanybattles.(他们打了许多仗。)find找到foundfoundIfoundmykeys.(我找到了我的钥匙。)/Thelostchildhasbeenfound.(迷路的孩子已被找到。)fly飞flewflownThebirdflewaway.(鸟飞走了。)/TheyhaveflowntoLondon.(他们已飞往伦敦。)forget忘记forgotforgotten/forgotIforgothisname.(我忘了他的名字。)/Shehasforgottentobringherbag.(她忘了带包。)forgive原谅forgaveforgivenHeforgavehermistake.(他原谅了她的错误。)/Theyhaveforgiveneachother.(他们已互相原谅。)freeze结冰frozefrozenWaterfreezesat0°C.(水在零度结冰。)/Thelakehasfrozen.(湖已结冰。)get得到gotgot/gottenIgotalettertoday.(我今天收到一封信。)/Hehasgot(US:gotten)better.(他已好转。)give给gavegivenShegavemeapresent.(她给了我一份礼物。)/Ihavegivenhimmyadvice.(我已给他提了建议。)go(goes)去wentgoneIgotoschooldaily.(我每天上学。)/Hewentthereyesterday.(他昨天去那儿了。)/Theyhavegonetothepark.(他们去公园了。)hang悬挂hunghungHehungthepictureonthewall.(他把画挂在墙上。)/Theclotheshavebeenhungouttodry.(衣服已挂出去晾干。)have(has)有hadhadIhaveacar.(我有一辆车。)/Shehadacat.(她曾有一只猫。)/Theyhavehadbreakfast.(他们已吃过早饭。)hear听见heardheardIheardanoise.(我听到一个声音。)/Shehasheardthenews.(她已听到这个消息。)hide躲藏hidhiddenTheboyhidbehindthedoor.(男孩躲在门后。)/Thetreasurehasbeenhiddenforyears.(宝藏已隐藏多年。)hit打hithitHehittheball.(他击中了球。)/Theshiphashitarock.(船触礁了。)hold握住heldheldSheheldhishand.(她握着他的手。)/Themeetinghasbeenheld.(会议已召开。)hurt伤害hurthurtHehurthisleg.(他伤了腿。)/Shehashurtmyfeelings.(她伤了我的感情。)keep保持keptkeptKeepquiet,please.(请保持安静。)/Hekeptthesecret.(他保守了秘密。)/Ihavekeptthisbookforaweek.(这本书我借了一周了。)know知道knewknownIknowhimwell.(我很了解他。)/Sheknewtheanswer.(她知道答案。)/Hehasknownherforyears.(他认识她很多年了。)learn学习learned/learntlearned/learntShelearnsEnglish.(她学英语。)/Helearned/learnttoswim.(他学会了游泳。)/Ihavelearned/learntalot.(我学到了很多。)leave离开leftleftHelefthomeearly.(他早早离开了家。)/ShehasleftforBeijing.(她已动身去北京。)lend借出lentlentIlenthimmypen.(我把笔借给他了。)/Hehaslentmesomemoney.(他借给我一些钱。)let让letletLetmehelpyou.(让我帮你。)/Shelethimgo.(她让他走了。)lie躺laylainHeliesonthebed.(他躺在床上。)/Shelaythereallday.(她在那儿躺了一整天。)/Thebookhaslainonthetable.(书一直在桌上放着。)lose丢失lostlostIlostmywallet.(我丢了钱包。)/Shehaslostherway.(她迷路了。)make制作mademadeHemakestoys.(他制作玩具。)/Shemadeacake.(她做了个蛋糕。)/ThiscarismadeinJapan.(这辆车是日本制造的。)mean意思是meantmeantWhatdoesthiswordmean?(这个词是什么意思？)/Hemeantnoharm.(他并无恶意。)/Herwordshavemeantalottome.(她的话对我意义重大。)meet遇见metmetImeethimeveryday.(我每天遇见他。)/Wemetyesterday.(我们昨天见面了。)/Theyhavemetbefore.(他们以前见过面。)pay支付paidpaidIpaymybillsmonthly.(我每月付账单。)/Hepaidthebill.(他付了账。)/Haveyoupaidtherent?(你交房租了吗？)put放putputSheputsthebookontheshelf.(她把书放在书架上。)/Heputitthere.(他把它放在那儿了。)/Thecuphasbeenputonthetable.(杯子已放在桌上。)read读read(发音不同)read(发音不同)Ireadbookseveryday.(我每天读书。)/Shereadtheletteraloud.(她大声读了那封信。)/Ihavereadthisbooktwice.(这本书我读了两遍。)ride骑roderiddenHeridesabiketowork.(他骑自行车上班。)/Sherodeahorse.(她骑了马。)/Theyhaveriddenformiles.(他们骑了好几英里了。)ring响rangrungThebellringsatnoon.(钟在中午敲响。)/Thephonerang.(电话铃响了。)/Thebellhasrung.(铃已经响过了。)rise升起roserisenThesunrisesintheeast.(太阳从东方升起。)/Theriverroseaftertherain.(雨后河水上涨了。)/Thetemperaturehasrisen.(温度已经上升了。)run跑ranrunHerunsfast.(他跑得快。)/Theyrantocatchthebus.(他们跑去赶公共汽车。)/Shehasrunamarathon.(她跑了马拉松。)say说saidsaidHesayshello.(他说你好。)/Shesaidshewashappy.(她说她很高兴。)/What