浙江省精诚联盟高三上学期一模英语试题

学年第一学期浙江省精诚联盟适应性联考高三英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分分）第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenwillthenexttraintoCentralParkarrive?A.At9:45.B.At9:50.C.At9:55.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,whichplatformdoIneedforthesubwaytoCentralPark?M:Platform3,GateB.Thenexttrainwillarrivein5minutes.It’s9:50W:Thankyouverymuch!M:weleHaveagoodday!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Goshoppingforbabyclothes.B.thecousinandthenewborn.C.Sharethenewswithotherrelatives.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Didyouhearthenews?Ourcousinwentintolaborandhadherbabylastweek.M:Ohmygoodness,that’sgreat!meeverything!W:Thelittleangelweighed8pounds6ounces—isn’tthatperfect?M:havetovisitthem!I’mdyingtocuddlethatsweetnewborn!W:Let’splanavisitthisweekend.I’llbringthecutestbabyoutfitIcanfind!第1页/共29页3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdidthemanthinkoftheEnglishprogram?A.Itwaspoorlyproduced.B.Itwasdifficulttounderstand.C.Itwasinterestingandeducational.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IloveScienceFrontiers!Itwassuchaninterestingprogram.Robin,Ihopeyouenjoyeditandlearnedsomething.M:Actually,Idozedhalfwaybecausemanytechnicalwordswerewayovermyhead.W:Ohdear!Maybeweshouldfindadocumentarywithsimplerexplanationsnexttime.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdidJamiladothismorning?A.ShedidsomegardeningB.Shepaintedsomeflowers.C.Shepickedsomevegetables.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:looktired,Jamila.Didyouhaveabusymorning?W:Iwateredtheplantsinthevegetablegardenandweededtheflowerbeds.M:Nowonder!Gardeningcanbeexhausting.Didyoufinishalltheworkinyourbackyard?W:Almost.Istillneedtoplantsomesunflowers,butI’lldothat5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.askafavorfromhim.B.remindhimofaproject.C.updatehimonherproject.【答案】A【解析】W:I’msorelievedthesummertermisfinallyover,butProfessorThomasgavemeextratimeforthefinal第2页/共29页project.M:meantheoneyou’vebeenstrugglingwith?W:Exactly!Andsinceyou’vealreadypletedyourssowell...M:Iseewherethisisgoing...What’sgivingyoutrouble?第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Afieldtrip.B.Anexhibition.C.Asciencemuseum.7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hewillexplorethemuseumalone.B.Heforgetsthedeadlinefortheapplication.C.Hewillhandinthepermissiondocument【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:HeyJack,haveyouheardabouttheupingfieldtriptothesciencemuseum?M:HiJenny!Iheardaboutit.Itsoundslikeit’llbefun.W:Definitely!Haveyousubmittedyourpermissionslipyet?M:Notyet,butIplantodoitW:Don’tforget.ThedeadlineisFriday.M:Thanksforthereminder,Jenny.I’llgetitdone.W:Noproblem,Jack.It’llbegreattoexplorethemuseumtogether.M:I’mlookingforwardtoit.I’veneverbeentothatmuseumbefore.W:Meneither.Iheardtheyhavesomereallycoolexhibits.第3页/共29页8.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Helosthisairticket.B.Hefailedtocatchhisflight.C.Hedidn’tknowhowtorebook.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Findaplacetohaveadrink.B.Purchaseaticketforthenextflight.C.tothecustomerserviceforhelp.10.Whomightbethewoman?A.Acafeattendant.B.Anairportmember.C.Acustomerserviceagent.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Imissedmyconnectingflight.WhatshouldIdo?W:I’msorrytohearthat.needtogototheairline’scustomerservicedesk.Whichairlinewereyouflyingwith?M:ItwasUnitedAirlines.W:TheUnitedAirlinesdeskisjustaroundthecornertoyourleft.Theycanhelpyourebookyourflight.M:Thankyou.DoyouknowifI’llhavetopayforanewticket?W:Itdependsontheairline’spolicy.Thecustomerserviceagentswillbeabletogiveyoumoreinformationaboutthat.M:Alright,Ihopetheycanhelp.IsthereaplacetositwhileIwait?W:thereareseatingareasnearthecustomerservicedesks.canalsofindacafenearbyifyouneedtograbadrinkorasnack.M:Thanksforallyourhelp.W:wele.Goodluck,andIhopeyougetyourflightsortedoutquickly.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】第4页/共29页Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closefriends.B.Brotherandsister.C.andstudent.12.WhatwillMariaprobablydo?A.GotoBilly’shousetohelphim.B.untilBillyfinisheshischores.C.Playhernewvideogamebyherself.13.WhatisMaria’sadviceondoingchoresforBilly?A.Finishthemassoonaspossible.B.Leavethemalltothelastminute.C.AlwaysdothemonFridayafternoons.【答案】A12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:HeyBilly.Doyouwanttoeoverafterschool?M:HeyMaria.No.Ihavetofinishmychores.Ididn’tdothemallweek,sonowIhavetodothemalltoday.W:Whatdoyouhavetodo?M:Raketheyardandcleanmyroom.W:Isthatgoingtotakealongtime?M:Haveyouseenmyroom?Itlookslikeatornadowentthroughit.W:Whydidn’tyoucleanitbefore?M:Ihatecleaning.Doyouhavechores?W:butItrytofinishthemassoonaspossible.M:smart!Now,IhavetospendFridayafternoondoingchores.W:That’stoobad.I’vegotanewvideogameIwanttoshowyou.M:Doyouwanttohelpmewithmychores?W:Noway!I’mgoingtoenjoymyFridayafternoon.M:IbettergettoworkorI’llbedoingitafterdinnertoo.W:Finishyourchoresearliernexttime.M:IIsaythateveryweek.第5页/共29页14.WhatisBillgoingtodotonight?A.Stageanewplay.B.InviteJoantoaplay.C.hisdaughter’splay.15.WhatdoesBillsayabouthisdaughter?A.Shewilltakeatest.B.Sheisacollegestudent.C.Sheisproudofheracting.16.WhyisBill’sdaughternervous?A.Herprofessorwillbepresent.B.Shehasnoexperienceinacting.C.Theaudiencewillgradeherwork.17.Whatcanwelearnabouttheplay?A.Itispartofaschoolproject.B.Theprofessorchosethecast.C.Bill’sdaughteristheleadrole.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:HiBill.Whyareyoudressedup?M:OhhiJoan.CarolandIaregoingtoaplaytonight.Mydaughteristheleadactress.W:Ohreally?Howexciting!M:Thiswillbeherfirstperformance.Sheisadramastudentincollege.W:I’dlovetoseeherperformsomeday.Letmeknowwhenshewillbeonstageagain.M:Ok.Iwill.I’msoexcitedandproudofherW:Isshenervous?M:sheisverynervous.Butshelovesacting,sothiswillbeatruetestforher.W:Isthispartofherschoolassignment?M:No.Thisissomethingsheauditionedforonherown.W:Shewontheleadpart?M:Shewasshocked.Herdramaprofessorisingtoo.W:Howdoesshefeelaboutthat?M:She’smorenervousaboutherdramaprofessorthantherestoftheaudience.第6页/共29页W:Butsheisnotgoingtobegradedonit.M:butshewantstodowellinfrontofhim.W:Iunderstand.havealovelytimetonight!18.Whatisthedeadlinefortheessay?A.October19th.B.October18th.C.October20th.19.Whatwillhappeniftheessayislate?A.Theteacherwon’tgradeitatall.B.Thestudentcanresubmitnextweek.C.Theteacherwillsenditbackwithinaday.20.Whatformattingruleismentionedfortheessay?A.UseicSansfont.B.Listreferencesintheorderused.C.Usesize12fontforthemaintext.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【详解】Iwanttoexplainafewthingsaboutyouressay.Firstofall,thedeadlineforthisessayisOctoberthe18th.Notthe19th,nottwodayslaterbecauseyourdogwasilloryourputerbroke—the18th.Ifit’slate,Iwon’tmarkit.Iwon’tevenreadityou’llfailtheassignment!So,pleasehanditinontime.canemailmetheessays.I’llreplytosayI’vegotit.IfIdon’treplywithinaday,itmightmeanIdidn’tgetit,sopleaseemailmeagaintomakesure.canalsobringapapercopyoftheessaytomybutlet’sbekindtothetrees,OK?Emailisbetterforthetreesandforme.Don’tforgetthatyoumustreferenceeveryideaorquoteyouusethatisn’tyourownidea.Andthelastpageofyouressayshouldbealistofallthebooksyouused,inalphabeticalorder,notintheorderyouusedthem!Andlastly,makeiteasyformetoread!Thatmeansusingaclearfont.Arialisbest,butNewRomanisfinetoo.NoticSansplease!Size12fontfortheessay,andsize14forthetitlesandsubheadings.Andusepagenumbers.Anyquestions?第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分分）第7页/共29页阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A&LogintoMyLibraryAccounttoseerenewals,checkouts,holds,overdueitemsandfines.ForinformationaboutborrowingmaterialsnotownedbyPennState,visitourInterlibraryLoanwebpages.ForitemsatanyPennStatecampus,click“Iwantit”ontheitemsyoufindintheLibrariesCatalog.ForitemsnotownedbyPennState,useInterlibraryLoan.IStudents,facultyItemPennStatealumni(校友)andvisitorsandBooks1semester4weeksDVDs14days14daysEZBorrow12weeksN/AItemFine/MaximumAdditionalfeesCourseReserves$2/hour,$100max.After10days:$25processingfeeSpecialLoans$3/day,$15max.After30days:$25processingfee●“I’vealreadyreturnedthisitem—whydidIreceiveanoverduenotice?”First,checkthedateandtimethatthenoticewassent.It’spossiblethatthenoticewassentbeforeyoureturnedtheitem.canalsocheckyourcurrentlistofcheckoutsatMyLibraryAccount.Iftheitemdoesnotappearonthatlist,ithasalreadybeenremovedfromyouraccount.Ifyoubelievethatyoureceivedanoverduenoticeforanitemthatyou’vereturned,pletetheonlineClaimReturnedFormtoinitiatealibrarysearch.●“Ihaveaquestionaboutabill.”第8页/共29页QuestionsaboutlibrarybillscanbereferredtoyourlocalPennStatelibraryorsubmittedthroughourBillQuestionForm.Pleasebesuretosupplyasmuchinformationaspossible.21.HowlongcanaformerPennStatestudentborrowabook?A.1semester.B.4weeks.C.14days.D.12weeks.22.Whatisthetotalfineforacoursereserveitemthatisonemonthoverdue?A.$25.B.$40.C.$100.D.$125.23.OnwhichoccasionshouldyoufillintheClaimReturnedForm?A.haveaquestionaboutyourlibrarybill.B.forgettoreturntheitemontheduedate.C.receiveanoverduenoticeafterreturningtheitem.D.failtofindthereturneditemonyourcheckoutlist.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了宾夕法尼亚州立大学图书馆的借阅规则、续借方式、逾期罚款政策以及账户问题处理方法。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据IBooks(书籍)”在“PennStatealumniandvisitors(宾夕法尼亚州立大学校友和访客)”列下显示为“4weeks(4周)”可知，一名前宾夕法尼亚州立大学校友属于此类别，因此借书期限为4周。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据CourseReserves(课程预定)”的罚款为“$2/hour,$100max.(每小时2美元，最高100美元)”，且“Additionalfees(额外费用)”中规定“After10days:$25processingfee(逾期10天后，加收25美元处理费)”。由此可知，如果逾期30天，基础罚款已达最高限额1003010天后的25125美元。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据部分中“Ifyoubelievethatyoureceivedanoverduenoticeforanitemthatyou’vereturned,pletetheonlineClaimReturnedFormtoinitiatealibrarysearch.()”可知，当归还物品后仍收到逾期通知时可填写归还申报表单。故选C。第9页/共29页BPeoplecasuallydescribethemselvesaspeoplepleasersastheymightdescribetheirhaircolorormusicpreference.However,peoplepleasingcanbeaveryrealmentalhealthproblem,oftenassociatedwithobsessivepulsivedisorder(OCD)(强迫症).Approvalseekingbehaviorisselfinjuriousbynature.satisfythisobsession,wemustbeinauthentic(不真实的)andreducedversionsofourselves,overlyofthepreferencesofothers.Essentially,ourmainpulsionisavoidanceofcausingdistressinothers.Fewthingsmakemeshakemorethanaconfrontation(对抗).Iseethisbehaviorasaresponsetomychildhood,whichwasfilledwithintensefear.Mysingleparenthadweeklymomentsofbeingangryandabusive.Ilearnedearlyonthatmysafetydependedonmymother’sviewofme.SoIbegantopredictwhatmymotherwantedmetodoandsay.BythetimeIwasinmiddleschool,overapologizingandshiftingmypersonalitytopleaseothersbecamefirmlyestablishedinmysocialbehavior.Formostadultpeoplepleasers,includingme,itfeelsnaturaltoclingonto(依赖)thefortofagreeability.Evenwithmyownchildren,Igiveupmyownauthority.IrecentlynoticedthatwhenIsaytheword“no,”myvoicestrikesanunfortableregister.Ichallengeanddispleasemyclients,butonlybecauseitisdemandedforeffectivetreatment.Peoplepleasingisclearlyholdingmeback;butwhatmakesmeclingon?IamstartingtorealizethatIamavoidingtheuncertaintyofpeople’sreactions.WhenIamuniversallyagreeable,Irarelyhavetogooutsidemyfortzoneininterpersonaldynamics.Authenticinteractivitywithothersrequirestakingarisk.Displeasedpeoplearestressful.Sothekeyseemstobeexposure.ThemoreinteractionsIexperiencewhereIamnotpleasingothers,themorefortIgainwiththisdynamic.AsIpracticesaying“no,”myvoicewillnaturallydeepen.Confidencewillewithrepetition.people’snegativereactionsareuncertain,butnotdangerous.ThelessIpeopleplease,themoreIwillwelegrowthintomyinterpersonalrelationships.Thechallengeofothersis,infact,ajoyousopportunity.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vigilant”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.B.Fond.C.Uncertain.D.Mindful.25.Whydoestheauthormentionherchildhood?A.justifyherapprovalseekingbehavior.B.anexampleofpeoplepleasingbehavior.第10页/共29页C.explainthereasonforherpeoplepleasingbehavior.D.stresstheoffamilyeducationonone’ssocialbehavior.26.Whatpreventstheauthorfromgettingridofpeoplepleasing?A.Herdislikeofherauthenticself.B.Herfearoffacingdispleasedpeople.C.Herignoranceofinterpersonaldynamics.D.Hermisunderstandingofthefortzone.27.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttodealwithpeoplepleasing?A.Practiceauthenticity.B.Interactmorewithothers.C.Ignorepeople’snegativereactions.D.Seekfortfromexistingrelationships.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了取悦他人这一行为背后的心理原因及其影响，并提出了应对策略。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“satisfythisobsession,wemustbeinauthenticandreducedversionsofourselves,overlyvigilantofthepreferencesofothers.(版”的自己，还得时刻高度______他人的喜好。)”可知，讨好型人格的人为了迎合他人，会时刻留意他人的喜好。由此可知，vigilant意为“留意的”。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Iseethisbehaviorasaresponsetomychildhood,whichwasfilledwithintensefear.Mysingleparenthadweeklymomentsofbeingangryandabusive.Ilearnedearlyonthatmysafetydependedonmymother’sviewofme.SoIbegantopredictwhatmymotherwantedmetodoandsay.(我认为这种讨好行为源于我那段充满极度恐惧的童年。我的单亲母亲每周都会有几次发怒、谩骂的时刻。我很小就意识到，自己能否平安度日，全取决于母亲对我的看法。于是，我开始揣测母亲希望我做什么、说什么。)”可知，作者提到她的童年是为了解释她取悦他人的行为的原因。故选C。【26题详解】Peoplepleasingisclearlyholdingmeback;butwhatmakesmeclingon?IamstartingtorealizethatIamavoidingtheuncertaintyofpeople’sreactions.WhenIamuniversallyagreeable,Irarelyhavetogooutsidemyfortzoneininterpersonaldynamics.Authenticinteractivitywithothersrequirestakingarisk.Displeasedpeoplearestressful.(讨好型人格显然在阻碍我的发展，但究竟是什么让我难以摆脱它呢？我渐渐意识到，我是在逃避他人反应的不确定性。当我一味迎合所有人时，在人际交往中就几乎不用走出自己的第11页/共29页舒适区。与他人进行真诚的互动，本身就需要承担风险。面对那些面露不悦的人，我总会感到压力重重。)”可知，难以摆脱讨好型人格，是因为害怕面对他人反应的不确定性，以及他人不悦时给自己带来的压力。故选B。【27题详解】Sothekeyseemstobeexposure.ThemoreinteractionsIexperiencewhereIamnotpleasingothers,themorefortIgainwiththisdynamic.AsIpracticesaying“no,”myvoicewillnaturallydeepen.Confidencewillewithrepetition.(因此，解决问题的关键似乎在于主动尝试。我经历的拒绝讨好他人的互动越多，就越能适应这种相处模式。当我反复练习说“不”时，语气自然会变得坚定有力。自信会在一次次的练习中逐渐建立。)”可知，作者提出解决方法是“exposure”，也就是主动尝试不讨好他人的互动，练习说“不”。这些做法的核心都是展现真实的自我。故选A。CInnovationconsultantsadvisetheirclientsto“thinkoutsidethebox”toboostcreativityandadaptability.So,whatisthisbox,andhowdoesonethinkoutsideit?Originally,the“box”tracesbacktotheninedotproblem.Thegoalofthisclassicpuzzleissimple:Connectallthedotsina9dotarray(点阵)usingnomorethanfourstraightlinesandwithoutliftingyourpenfromthepage.Ifthispuzzlehasyoustuck,you’renotalone.Thenineequallyspaceddotsgivetheimpressionofasquareorbox.realizingit,youmayassumethatthelinesmustbedrawnwithintheboundariesofthedots.solvethepuzzle,youmustletgoofthatassumption—youmustthinkoutsidethebox!Inthecorrectsolutions,thelinesalwaysextendoutsideofthesquare.Forstarters,we’renotputers;wetakementalshortcuts.relyonlifeexperienceandcontexttomakeeducatedguesseswhenfacedwithambiguous(含糊的)orpartialinformation.Intheninedotproblem,weinstantlyrecognizethepatternofasquare,despitethemissinglines.chooseshortcutswhenwehavelimitedtimeorinformation;inotherwords,becausewehavenoalternative.Butwealsocutcornersoutofhabit.InthewordsofpsychologistSusanFiske,wearecognitivemisers(认知吝啬鬼)—wespendaslittleofourcognitiveresourcesaspossible.So,althoughweinterpretsituationsquickly,werarelydoubtthetruthfulnessofthesefirstimpressions.Asaresult,wemayfindourselvesrestrictedbyourownfalseassumptions—stuckinthe“box”.Innovativethinkingemphasizeschange.Itbeginswithasimpleact:makingaconscioustoseethingsfromdifferentangles.Thispracticenaturallyleadsyoutoquestionthepresentsituationandthinkunconventionally,breakingyoufreefromthenorm(标准).Bydefinition,thissortofthinkingismoreoriginal.Anopenandflexible第12页/共29页mindalsoallowsonetoadaptmoreeasilytounexpectedsituations.Andbestofall,youdon’thavetobeaninnovatororentrepreneurtothinkoutsidethebox.Byembracinglittlechanges,you’llautomaticallybeemoreflexible.28.Whichofthefollowingisapossibleanswertothe9dotproblem?A.B.C.D.29.Whatdoesthe“box”refertointhetext?A.Classicpuzzles.B.Quicksolutions.C.Falseassumptions.D.ConstantInnovations.30.Whichofthefollowingisareasonfortakingshortcuts?A.Alackofreliablefirstimpressions.B.Limitedlifeexperienceandcontext.C.Restrictedcreativityandimagination.D.Atendencytominimizecognitive31.Whatisthekeytodevelopinginnovativethinking?A.Understandingthenorm.B.Exploringnewperspectives.C.Adaptingtothechangingworld.D.Acceptingunexpectedsituations.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“九点谜题”为切入点，解释了“跳出盒子思考”的内涵，分析了人题、打破常规。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Connectallthedotsina9dotarrayusingnomorethanfourstraightlinesandwithoutliftingyourpenfromthepage.(用不超过四条直线连接9个点阵中的所有点，过程中笔尖不能离开纸面。)”可知，只有选项B符合要求。故选B。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“realizingit,youmayassumethatthelinesmustbedrawnwithintheboundariesofthedots.solvethepuzzle,youmustletgoofthatassumption—youmustthinkoutsidethebox!(你可能会下意识地假定，线条必须画在点的边界范围内。而要解开这道谜题，你必须抛开这个假设——也就是说，你必须跳出盒子！)”及第五段中“Asaresult,wemayfindourselvesrestrictedbyourownfalseassumptions—stuckinthe‘box’.(结果就是，我们可能会被自己的错误假设所束缚，陷入‘盒子’之中。第13页/共29页)C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“chooseshortcutswhenwehavelimitedtimeorinformation;inotherwords,becausewehavenoalternative.Butwealsocutcornersoutofhabit.InthewordsofpsychologistSusanFiske,wearecognitivemisers—wespendaslittleofourcognitiveresourcesaspossible.(我们在时间或信息有限时会选择走捷径；换句话说，是因为我们别无选择。但我们也会出于习惯偷懒。用心理学家苏珊·菲斯克的话来说，我们都是‘认知吝啬鬼’——会尽可能少地消耗认知资源。)”可知，选择走捷径的原因在于人们倾向于尽可能减少认知消耗。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Innovativethinkingemphasizeschange.Itbeginswithasimpleact:makingaconscioustoseethingsfromdifferentangles.(创新思维强调变革。它始于一个简单的举动：有意识地努力从不同角度看待事物。)”可知，培养创新思维的关键在于从不同角度看待事物，也就是探索新的视角。故选B。DScreensaresteadilytakingovermoreandmoreofourlife,leadingsomeresearcherstoworryabouttheoflongtermuseonolderadults’brain.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthismightleadtosocalled“digitaldementia”—thatdependingondigitaltechnologythroughoutourlifemightharmcognitive(认知的)functioninginourlateryears.Butnewresearchindicatesthisviewdoesn’tappeartobetrue,atleastforthe“digitalpioneer”generationwhofirstroutinelyusedsmartphones,putersandtheInternet—andwhoarenowreachingtheagewhencognitivedeclineoftenstartstoappear.InapaperpublishedonMondayinNatureHumanBehaviour,researchersanalyzed57studiesofdigitaltechnologyuseandcognitivefunctioninmorethan400,000olderadultsacrosstheworld.Theyfoundthatpeopleinthe“digitalpioneer”generationwhoengagedmorewithdigitaltechnologydidnothavehigherratesofcognitivedecline.Infact,technologyusewasassociatedwithlowerratesofcognitivedecline.Onereasonsomeresearchersworriedabout“digitaldementia”waspreviousresearchthatlinkedtelevisionviewing,apassiveactivity,withnegativeoutessuchasanincreasedriskofAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默症).“Onthesurface,mostputerorsmartphonescreentimemightseemsimilarlypassive,”saysthenewpaper’scoauthorMichaelScullin,aneuroscienceresearcheratBaylorUniversity.“Butforthisgroupofmiddleagedandolderadults,phonesandputershavebeenusedformentallystimulatingactivitiesandforsocialconnections,第14页/共29页suchassolvingpuzzles,engagingwiththenews,chattingwithfriends,orusingremindersandalarmstohelpwithdailyactivities.”“Thisstudyprovidesastrongchallengetothewidespreadfearsabout‘digitaldementia’andhighlightsthepotentialoftechnologyasatoolforcognitiveenrichment,”saysChiaraScarampi,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofGeneva,whowasnotinvolvedwiththestudy.“‘Digitaldementia’hasalwaysfeltlikeacatchybutoverstatedconcepttome,”sheadds.“Cognitiveoffloading—usingtoolslikeremindersorGPS—isnotharmfulbynature.Infact,itcanfreeupcognitiveresourcesformoreplextasks.”32.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“digitalpioneer”generation?A.Theyareaddictedtodigitaltechnology.B.Theystartusingdigitaltoolsatanoldage.C.Theyarethefirsttousedigitaltoolsregularly.D.Theystartsufferingfromsharpcognitivedecline.33.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thewidespreaduseofdigitaltools.B.Theanalysisofthenewresearchfinding.C.Thegreatplexityofmentalactivities.D.Theimplicationofthepreviousresearchfinding.34.WhatisScarampi’sattitudetoward“digitaldementia”?A.Approving.B.C.Critical.D.Unclear.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ResponsibleUseMatters.B.CognitiveDeclineIsn’tJustaboutAging.C.DigitalMayActuallyEnhanceOurLife.D.UseIsn’tDrivingDementiainOlderAdults.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】字先驱”一代并未出现更高的认知衰退风险，反而可能因技术使用（如解谜、社交）降低认知衰退概率，反驳了“数字痴呆症”的担忧。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butnewresearchindicatesthisviewdoesn’tappeartobetrue,atleastforthe“digitalpioneer”generationwhofirstroutinelyusedsmartphones,putersandtheInternet—andwhoarenowreaching第15页/共29页theagewhencognitivedeclineoftenstartstoappear.(字先驱”一代而言是如此。这一代人是第一批常规使用智能手机、电脑和互联网的群体，如今他们正步入C。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Onereasonsomeresearchersworriedabout“digitaldementia”waspreviousresearchthatlinkedtelevisionviewing,apassiveactivity,withnegativeoutessuchasanincreasedriskofAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默症).“Onthesurface,mostputerorsmartphonescreentimemightseemsimilarlypassive,”saysthenewpaper’scoauthorMichaelScullin,aneuroscienceresearcheratBaylorUniversity.“Butforthisgroupofmiddleagedandolderadults,phonesandputershavebeenusedformentallystimulatingactivitiesandforsocialconnections,suchassolvingpuzzles,engagingwiththenews,chattingwithfriends,orusingremindersandalarmstohelpwithdailyactivities.”(一些研究人员担忧“数字痴呆症”的原因之一，是此前有研究将看电视这种被动活动与负面结果（如阿尔兹海默症患病风险增加）关联起来。贝勒大学的神经科学研究员、该新性。但对于这一群体的中老年人来说，手机和电脑一直被用于刺激性的脑力活动和社交联系，比如解谜、关注新闻、与朋友聊天，或是使用提醒和闹钟功能协助日常活动”)”可知，本段通过对比被动看电视（导脑力活动反而降低认知衰退率。选项B“Theanalysisofthenewresearchfinding.(对新研究发现的分析。)”概括了段落核心。故选B。【34题详解】‘Digitaldementia’hasalwaysfeltlikeacatchybutoverstatedconcepttome,”sheadds.“Cognitiveoffloading—usingtoolslikeremindersorGPS—isnotharmfulbynature.Infact,itcanfreeupcognitiveresourcesformoreplextasks.”(认知资源”)”可知，斯卡拉皮认为“数字痴呆症”吸睛但言过其实，同时强调技术辅助（如提醒功能）能释放认知资源，本质无害，肯定其技术作用，表明她对“数字痴呆症”这一说法持批判态度。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Theyfoundthatpeopleinthe“digitalpioneer”generationwhoengagedmorewithdigitaltechnologydidnothavehigherratesofcognitivedecline.Infact,technologyusewasassociatedwithlowerratesofcognitivedecline.(事实上，使用技术反而与较低的认知衰退比例相关。)”并通读全文可知，文章核心是新研究推翻“长期使第16页/共29页用数字技术导致老年人‘数字痴呆’”的观点，证明数字技术使用不仅不引发认知衰退，反而可能降低衰D“UseIsn’tDrivingDementiainOlderAdults(技术使用不会导致老年痴呆症)”能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I反向的)Thereareplentyofreasonstolookforwardtogoinghome,buttherearealsoanumberofchallengesinvolvedinreadjusting.____36____Somestudentswhofacedthesechallengesandsurvivedthemwell,madealistofsymptoms(症状)ofreversecultureshock.Afterallthenewnessandstimulationofyourtimeabroad,returningtofamily,friendsandoldroutinescanseemverydull.Butit’suptoyoutofindwaystooveresuchnegativereactions.____37____Findculturaloutletsthatyouhadn’ttriedoutbefore,learnanewhobbyortakeadaytobeatouristinyourowntown.Remember:Noonewillbeasinterestedinhearingaboutyouradventuresorvictoriesasyouwillbeinsharingthem.____38____It’ssimplyareflectionofthefactthatonceyourfriendsorfamilyhaveheardthehighlights,they’llfeellikethey’veheardeverything.Sobebriefinsharingyourtalesofadventure.____39____Afewpeoplewillmisinterpretyourwordsoractionsinsuchawaythatmunicationisdifficult.Forexample,whatyoumayhaveetothinkofashumormaybeseenasshowingBeawareofhowyoumaylooktoothersandhowyourbehaviorislikelytobeinterpreted.Beinghomecoupledwiththepressuresofjob,familyandfriendsoftenmakereturneesworriedthatsomehowtheywill“lose”theexperience.____40____Maintainyourcontacts.topeoplewhohaveexperiencessimilartoyours.Rememberandhonoryourhardworkandthefunyouhadwhileabroad.A.can’texplain.B.Peoplemisunderstand.Cdonothavetoletthathappen.D.Thisisnotarejectionofyouoryourachievements.第17页/共29页E.tointegrateyournewperspectiveintoyouroldhome.F.Thesecanbeespeciallytoughbecausetheyareoftenunexpected.G.Thebestpreparationisflexibility,opennessandtemperedoptimism.【答案】36.F37.E38.D39.B40.C【解析】【导语】76本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了“逆向文化冲击”（回国后重新适应原文化）的常见挑战（如无聊、沟通误解、经历流失）及应对建议。【36题详解】由上文“Thereareplentyofreasonstolookforwardtogoinghome,buttherearealsoan