英语不定式1教案

不定式教案一ReviewparticipleHesentmeane-mail,______(hope)togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.C.tohopeD.hope2.________(found)in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.D.Founding3.The______(miss)boywaslastseen_______(play)neartheEastLake.A.B.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay4.Findinghercarstolen,________.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp5.Thebell____(indicate)theendoftheperiodrang,_____(interrupt)ourheateddiscussion.6.Though________(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.7.Itisbelievedthatifabookis______(interest),itwillsurely_______(interest)thereader.8.________(expose)tothesunfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.9.Generallyspeaking,when_______(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.10.Theflowers______(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.11.Thedisc,digitally_______(play)inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.12._____(put)intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantfortheresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.13.MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,______(take)advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.14.TheTownHall_____(complete)inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.15.Ideally______(locate)forBroadwaytheatersandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavoritewithmanyguests.16.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_______(kill)allfourpeopleonboard.17.Withthegovernment’said,those______(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.key1.hoping2Founded3missing;playingD5indicating;interrupting6.lacking7interesting;interest8Beingexposed9taken10smelling11.played,12Put13taking14completedlocated16killing17affected动词不定式时态\语态主动被动

一般式todotobedone

进行式tobedoing

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone

完成进行式tohavebeendoingI．时态1)动词不定式的一般式常常表示该动作“要”做，如：IdecidetogoovermylessonsonMayDay.2）动词不定式的完成式表示该动作先于谓语动词动作完成；Heseemedtohaveknownthenews.3）动词不定式的进行式表示该动作正在进行，如：Theboypretendedtobesleepingwhenhismothercameintohisbedroom.II.语态如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：

It'sagreathonourtobeinvitedtoMary'sbirthdayparty.（不定式作主语）

Itwasimpossibleforlosttimetobemadeup.（不定式作主语）

Iwishtobesenttoworkinthecountry.（不定式作宾语）

Canyoutellmewhichisthecartoberepaired?（不定式作定语）

Hewenttothehospitaltobeexamined.（不定式作状语）

在Therebe结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：Therearestillmanythingstotakecareof(tobetakencareof).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：Theseisnothingtodonow.(Wehavenothingtodonow.)Thereisnothingtobedonenow.(Wecandonothingnow.)III.动词不定式的作用不定式主语1)Toseeistobelieve2）It'seasy(forme)todothat.我做这事太容易了

easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;

thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,too不定式作表语不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：

Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.

Hisdreamistobeadoctor.不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.

②Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.

③WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定式说明主语的内容。

④Ourworkisservingthepeople.

⑤Whathelikesistakingawalkaftersupper.

⑥ThestorytoldbyMr.Wangisinteresting.

④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Servingthepeopleisourwork,而⑥句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来。

不定式作宾语1)动词+不定式

affordaimappearagreearrangeaskbedecidebothercarechoosecomedaredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavorhopefailhappenhelphesitatelearnlongmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwaitwishundertake

不定式作补语1)动词+宾语+不定式(todo)

adviseallowappointbelievecausemandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguesshireimagineimpelinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitpersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstate区别：动词+不定式

；动词+宾语+不定式

ask,

beg,

choose,

expect

,

hate,

help

intend

like,

love,

need

prefer,

prepare,

promise,

want,

wish…

I

like

to

keep

everything

tidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I

like

you

to

keep

everything

tidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I

want

to

speak

to

Tom.

我想和汤姆谈话。

I

want

you

to

speak

to

Tom.

我想让你和汤姆谈话。

2)to+be的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover,fancy(设想),feelfind,guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以为),understand

WeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.3)tobe+形容词

seem,appear,besaid,besupposed,bebelieved,bethought,beknown,bereported,hope,wish,desire,want,plan,expect,mean…

Thebookisbelievedtobeuninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思。

典型例题

CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered___thefirstcomputer.

A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented

答案：A.不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：

Ihavealotofworktodo.Sohemadesomecandlestogivelight不定式作状语1）目的状语justto(只是为了…),…onlyto(结果…,仅仅为了..),inorderto,soasto,so(such)…asto…(如此……以便……)

Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.我来仅仅是向你告别。TheyoungmanstayeduplatejusttogetagoodmarkinEnglish.

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

WhathaveIsaidtomakeyouangry.Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.

3)表原因I'mgladtoseeyou.Nicetoseeyou！Theywereveryfrightenedtoseetheterriblescene.有关soastodo1）表示目的；它的否定式是soasnottodo。

Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnottolosehisjob汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。

2)sokindasto---劳驾

Wouldyoubesokindastotellmethetime?劳驾，现在几点了?典型例题

Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto___.

A.sitB.sitonC.beseatD.besaton

答案：B.PracticeI）1.Don’tforget（下次带她来）。2.Let’sstop（休息一会儿）。3.Ican’tdecide（借哪本书）。4.Couldyoutellus（把自行车放在哪儿）？5.Hiswishis（当个警察）。6.Ireallydon’tknow（怎样处置这部机器）？7.Wemusttryourbest（挽救这个女孩）。8.Haveyougotanything（为自己辩护）。9._________________is_________________。（读书是学习）。10.IoftenhearJane（唱这首英文歌曲）。1.tobringherhere.2.tohavearest3.whichbooktoborrow4.wheretoputthebikes5.tobecomeapoliceman6.howdodealwiththemachine7.tosavethegirl8.tosayforyourself9.Toread;tolearn10.singthisEnglishsongII1．_____isbettertolovethan_____（love）.

2．I'vegottheloaf；nowI'mlookingforabreadknife_____(cut)itwith.

3．I'mglad_____(see)byhimyesterday.

4．-WhatdoyouthinkaboutEnglish?

-It'sadifficultlanguage_____(speak).

5．Hewouldratherstayathomethan_____(go)outwithyou.

6.Shepretended_____(see)mewhenIpassedby.7.Don'tforget_____(return)thisbooktoJohnwhenyouseehim.

8.Wearebothlookingforwardto_____(go)onvacationnextweek.

9.Remember_____(put)backthenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.

10.Iregretted_____(say)thattoher.

1.It；tobeloved2.tocut3.nottohavebeenseen4.tospeak5.go6.nottosee7.toreturn8going9toput10.havingsaidIII)1.Thefluisconsidered______(cause)byviruseswhicharelikelytoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.2.WhatisthebestwayMikecanthinkof____(help)Janewithherexperiment?3.Tobegoodforagriculturalpurpose,soilmusthaveinitthemineralsplants________(require).4.Weleftthesmalltown,thereclearly____(be)nopointinstaying.5.BeforeIbuyacar,Iwouldliketohaveamechanic,whomItrulytrust,______itover.6.Thegirlwasafraid___(enter)theyardbecauseshewasafraidof______(bite)bythebigdog_____(lie)atthegate.7.---Howmanyspeciesdoyoubelievewillbethreatenedwithextinctionwhenthereservoiriscompleted?---Iexpectthere______tenatleast.8.Hearingthebadnewsthathermotherwaskilledinthetrafficaccident,shecouldn’thelpbut_____(cry).9.Whathesaidatthemeetinghasprovedeffectiveandeveryonethinksitisworth______(listen)to.10.Don’tworry.Therearestillfiveminutes_______(go)andyoucantakeyourtime.1.tobecaused2.tohelp3.require4.being5.look6.toenter…beingbitten..lying7.tobe8.cry9.listening10.togoIV）练习It’sawonderplacef