2024-2025学年北京市平谷区高一（上期）期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

第1页/共1页2025北京平谷高一（上）期末英语2025.1注意事项1.本试卷共10页，包括四部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Doyouthinkyouarerichorpoor?Howdowe___1___whethersomeoneisrichorpoor?Justaccordingtotheamountofmoneytheyhaveintheirwallet,thebighousetheyliveinortheluxurycartheydrive?I’dliketosharemy___2___andmaybeitwillgiveyouanewview.Oneday,Ifoundmyselfwithjust10dollarsinmywalletuntilthenextpayday.Thegastankonmyoldcarwasemptytoo.SoI___3___toaconveniencestoreandput5dollarsworthofgasinthetank.AsIwaswaitinginlineto___4___,Isawthewomaninfrontofmeanxiouslysearchingthroughherpursetofindenoughcashtopayfor2gallonsof___5___.Forasecond,selfishnessheldbackmyheart,butthenIwalkedforwardandputdownmylast5dollarstohelphergetthemilkforherchildren.AsIleftthestoreIfelthappy.Mywalletwas___6___butmyheartfeltfull.Ihadnomoneybutstillfeltliketherichestmanintheworld.Ijust___7___thefeelingofrichbyhelpingothers.Itprovedtobetruethatyoucanbe___8___withoutmoneyinyourwallet.Thetruthisthemorelovewegive,themorelovewehave.Themoreweshareit,themoreit___9___insideofus.Themorewehelpothers,themorewehelpourselves.Pleasejustenjoyalltherichesoflove!It’syouwhocan_____10_____whatkindofpersonyouwillbe.1.A.make B.tell C.treat D.look2.A.reason B.decision C.experience D.mistake3.A.pickedup B.signedup C.putup D.pulledup4.A.pay B.drive C.choose D.order5.A.water B.milk C.wine D.gas6.A.lost B.worn C.empty D.poor7.A.enjoy B.reduce C.drag D.quit8.A.smart B.foolish C.poor D.rich9.A.arrives B.leaves C.grows D.moves10.A.decide B.compare C.review D.support第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下列句子和短文，根据其内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A11.I______(study)hardandgotagoodgrade.(所给词的适当形式填空)12.Thestudents______(finish)theirhomeworksofar.(所给词的适当形式填空)13.Iknowtheman______housewasdestroyedintheearthquake.(用适当的词填空)14.I’mlookingforwardto______(spend)myholidayinSanya.(所给词的适当形式填空)15.Therearedifferent______(activity)inourschoolclubs.(所给词的适当形式填空)16.______(learn)Englishwell,Imustworkharderatit.(所给词的适当形式填空)17.Doingexercisecanbuildupyour______(strong).(所给词的适当形式填空)18.Thewoman______isstandingthereismyteacher.(用适当的词填空)19.Abiglibrary______(build)inourcitynextyear.(所给词的适当形式填空)20.Look!Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteacher______(careful).(所给词的适当形式填空)B阅读短文，根据其内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Ihavebeenaseniorsecondarystudentforafewmonths.Myschoollifeis____21____(amaze).Englishisthesubject____22____interestsmemost.Lastmonth,anEnglishspeechcompetition____23____(hold)inourschool.Myteacherencouragedme____24____(take)partinitandIwonthefirstprize,whichmademefeel____25____(excite).第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheBestPlacestoGoCampinginOlympicNationalParkWithmorethan2.5millionvisitorspassingthroughitsgateseveryyear,Washington’sOlympicNationalParkranksamongthemostpopularparksintheU.S.Thebestplacestocampinsidetheparkareasfollowed.DeerParkCampgroundAddress:PortAngeles,WA98362,USAPhone+1360-565-3131JustgettingtoDeerParkCampgroundisabitofanadventure,asitrequiresdrivingalongatwistyroad.Thiscampgroundistent-only,whichmeansRVsaren’tallowed.Italsoonlyhas14campsites,whichfillupquicklyduringthepeaksummertravelseason.Thosesitesareavailableonafirst-come,first-servedbasisfromJunethroughmid-October.Cost:$15/nightHohCampgroundAddress:Forks,WA98331,USAPhone+1360-374-6925HohCampgroundislocatedintheheartoftheHohRainforest.WithoptionsfortentsandRVs,theHohCampgroundisapopularoneallyearlong.Reservationsneedtobemadeforthe72campsitesonRinsummer,withcampsitesavailableonafirst-come,first-servedbasistherestoftheyear.Cost:$24/nightStaircaseCampgroundAddress:NF-24,Hoodsport,WA98548,USAPhone+1360-877-5569StaircaseCampground’s49campsitesoperateonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.Thelocationisopenyear-round,althoughflushtoiletsandpotablewaterareonlyavailableduringthesummer.ThereareseveralcampsitesthatcanaccommodateRVs,aswellasfivewalk-in-onlylocations.Itgetssomewhatcrowdedthroughoutthesummer.Cost:$24/nightDosewallipsCampgroundAddress:Brinnon,WA98320,USAPhone+1360-565-313145DosewallipsCampgroundisawalk-in-onlylocation.DosewallipsCampgroundfeaturesapproximately30campsites,noneofwhichcanbereservedinadvance.Openforcampingyear-round,thislocationreceivesmoreguestsattheheightofthesummertravelseason.Cost:Free26.IfyouwanttocampatStaircaseCampground,youcancall______.A.+1360-374-6925 B.+1360-565-3131C.+1360-877-5569 D.+1360-565-314527.Whichcampgroundprovidesthemostcampsites?A.DeerParkCampground. B.HohCampground.C.StaircaseCampground. D.DosewallipsCampground.28.Whatdothesecampgroundshaveincommon?A.TheycanaccommodateRVs. B.Theyarewalk-in-onlylocations.C.Theycanbereservedinadvance. D.Theyaremorecrowdedinsummer.BA12-year-oldgirl’splaygroundvisionhasbecomeareality,thankstothekindnessandsupportofClearfieldCityofficialswhowelcomedhercreativityandpassion.Earlierthisyear,youngRosilinoticedthatanewplaygroundatThornockParkwasbeingbuilt,buttheequipmentseemedmoresuitableforolderkids.Concernedthatshewouldn’tbeabletoenjoyitwithheryoungersisters,Rosilitookmattersintoherownhands.Armedwithcreativityandapassionforplay,shedesignedheridealplaygroundwithdetaileddescriptionsandlabels.Withsupportfromhermom,RosilitookherdesignstoClearfield’scityhall,whereshemetwithEricHowes,thecity’scommunityservicesdirector.ImpressedbytheeffortandthoughtRosiliputintoherdrawings,Howestooktimetorevieweachofherplans.“Sheputatonoftimeintothatandalotofthought,andsheshoweditfromfourdifferentangles,”Howesexplained.AlthoughtheThornockParkplaygroundwasalreadyinprogress,thecityhadplanstobuildanewplaygroundatBicentennialPark,andRosili’sdesignswereusedintheproject.Rosiliwasinvolvedineverystepoftheprocess,workingalongsidecityofficialsandplaygroundequipmentvendorstobringherdreamtolife.OnTuesday,Rosili’sdreamplaygroundwasofficiallyopenedatBicentennialPark.Rosiliproudlycuttheribbonattheceremony,creatinganewplayspaceforchildrenofallagestoenjoy—aspacethatwasimaginedandbroughttolifebyayounggirlwhobelievedshecouldmakeadifference.29.Rosilidesignedaplaygroundbecause______.A.shedidn’tenjoyThornockPark B.itwouldmeetyoungerkids’needC.sheaimedtoshowhercreativityandpassion D.ClearfieldCityofficialsencouragedhertodoso30.FromHowes’words,wecaninferthatRosili’sdrawingswereprobably______.A.copiedfromothers B.carelessandsimpleC.detailedandwell-thought-out D.toocomplicatedtounderstand31.WhatcanwelearnabouttheplaygroundatBicentennialPark?A.Itwasdesignedforadults. B.ItwasbuiltbyRosilialone.C.Itwasdonatedbytheschool. D.Itwasdesignedbyayounggirl.32.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtoDesignaPlayground B.ANewPlaygroundatThornockParkC.TheKindnessofClearfieldCityOfficials D.AGirl’sDreamPlaygroundComesTrueCAlcohol(酒精)isthemostwidelyconsumeddrugamongyoungpeopleinsomecountries.Manyofusknowthenegativeconsequencesofconsumingalcohol,suchasgettingintoviolentbehaviorsandtrafficaccidents.However,fewerofusconsiderhowafewbingedrinkingsessionscanaffectthebrain,especiallywhenitisstilldeveloping.Tounderstandtheseeffects,weneedtolookattwokeyelements:howalcoholismetabolized,andhowitaffectsthedevelopingadolescentbrain.Alcoholismainlymetabolizedintheliver,whichprocessesthedrinkafterithasbeenabsorbed.Wecanthinkoftheliverasaspongethatabsorbsalcohol.However,whenitbecomessaturated,itlosesthiscapacity,causingtheeffectsofdrunkenness.Unfortunately,alcoholicbeveragesnotonlyhavetemporaryimpactsonthefunctioningofourbrains,theyalsohavelong-lastingeffectsonvariousaspectsofthenervoussystem.Itisimportanttonotethatduringitsdevelopment—uptotheageof25-30—thebrainisatitsmostvulnerabletotheeffectsofdrugs.Moreover,thesechangescausecertainareasofthebraintomatureearlierthanothers.Thismismatchbetweenthedevelopmentofthebrain’sreward,impulsecontrolanddecision-makingsystemsmayexplainwhyadolescentsaremorelikelytoengageinriskybehaviour.Wehavetostresstherelationshipbetweentheageofstartingalcoholconsumptionandlaterproblems.Thedataisclear:theearliersomeonestartsdrinking,thehighertheirriskofdevelopingtheseconditions.Thishighlightsthefactthatthereisnosuchthingasahealthydoseofalcohol,andnosuchthingasharmlessbingedrinking.Itiscrucialthatwepayespeciallycloseattentiontoteenagedrinking.33.Thefirstparagraphisusedto______.A.presentasolution B.providedetailcausesC.introducethetopic D.carryoutacomparison34.Whatdoestheword“temporary”underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Short-term. B.Long-term. C.Serious. D.Slight.35.Fromthetext,wecaninferthat______.A.it’ssafertodrinkattheageof28B.theeffectsofdrinkinghasnothingtodowithageC.alcoholaffectsthebrainandcausesbehaviorproblemsD.onlyteenagers’impulsecontrolsystemisaffectedbyalcohol36.Asforteenagedrinking,theauthoris______.A.worried B.indifferent C.doubtful D.supportiveDExerciseDoesGoodtoYourBrainRegularexerciseisgenerallygoodforus.However,inanewreport,researchershaveshownthatevenshortburstsofactivitycangiveusanoticeablebrainpowerboost.Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSantaBarbara,dugthrough113previousstudies.Whenitcomestoone-offexercisesessions,theresultssuggestenergeticactivitiesarebestforcognition.Inparticular,cyclingandhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)werelinkedtothebiggestdifferencesinexecutivefunctioning—that’sthepartofourcognitiveabilities.“Ourworkshowedthestrongestevidenceforapositiveeffectofsingleboutsofexerciseoncognition,”saysneuroscientistBarryGiesbrecht,fromUCSantaBarbara.Thebiggestbraingainswerefoundinexerciseslessthan30minutesinduration,andalsowhencognitionwastestedafterexerciseratherthanduringtheworkoutitself.Energeticaerobicexercisecanleadtoaslightimprovementinoverallperformanceoncognitivetasks,especiallyonthosethatprobeexecutivefunctionandmeasureresponsetime.Thatgoesforotheraspectsofhealthbesidesbrainflexibilitytoo.EarlierresearchfoundthatHIITworkscanbegoodforimprovinghearthealthandreducingtheriskoffuturehealthproblems.“Theseresultsaresurprising,consideringthatexerciseintensityisbelievedtohaveaninverted-U(倒U型)relationshipwithperformance,wheremoderateintensityexerciseleadstothegreatestimprovementswhilemoreintense,fatiguingexercisecausesdecreases,”writetheresearchersintheirpublishedpaper.Themessagehere,asithasbeeninmanypreviousstudies,isthatyoudon’tneedtodoalotofexercisetostartfeelingthebenefits—sometimesitjusttakes30minutesandeven10minutes.Thus,enhancingyourcognitiveabilitiesormaintainingbesthealthlikelydoesnotnecessitatestickingtoastrictdailyworkoutschedule,engaginginextremelyenergeticactivities,oreventakingpartinoverprolongedexercises.That’sencouragingforthoseofuswhofinditdifficulttogetintoaregularroutine.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Cognitionisbesttestedduringtheworkout.B.Cyclingisgoodforpeople’scognitiveabilities.C.Long-timeexerciseshavethebiggestimpactonthebrain.D.Energeticexercisemakeslittleimprovementoncognition.38.Whatdoesthe“inverted-Urelationship”mean?A.Lowerintensity,betterperformance. B.Higherintensity,betterperformance.C.Intensityhasnoeffectonperformance. D.Moderateintensityisbest,highermaydecline.39.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto______.A.encouragepeopletoexercise B.stresstheimportanceofHIITC.explaintheprocessofaresearch D.introducedifferenttypesofexercise第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Anewtermmeansafreshstart.Getyourtermstartedrightbypracticingthesestrategies,andyourlearningefficiencywillimprove.Getorganized.____40____Developasystematthestartofyourterm.Thismayinclude:colorcodednotebooksforeachsubject,aplannerwithimportantdatesanddeadlinesfilledoutandsoon.Ifyoukeeptrackofdeadlines,knowwheretofindeverything,andkeepawell-organizedspace,youfreeupyourmindtofocusonlearning.Getintoaroutine.Likebeingorganized,establishingaroutinehelpsyourliferunsmoothly.It’seasiersaidthandone,buttrywakingupandgoingtosleeparoundthesametimeeachday.Scheduletimeforthegym,anyclubsoractivitiesyouparticipatein,andstudying.____41____Chooseatimeofdaywhenyoufeelespeciallyproductive.____42____Maybeyou’veheardthesaying,“ShowmeyourfriendsandI’llshowyouyourfuture.”Itmaysounddramatic,butit’struethatthepeopleyouspendthemosttimewithhaveamajorinfluenceonyou.Trytomakeatleastonepositivefriendineveryclass.Meetambitiouspeoplewithclearlydefinedgoals,goodstudyhabits,andhealthylifestyles.Thesefriendscanhelpyoustayresponsible.____43____Takegoodcareofyourself.Finally,remembertopracticeself-careandhealthyhabits.Whenyoueatpoorlyanddon’tgetenoughsleep,itimpactsyourmoodandyourmind.____44____Andyou’llhaveatoughtimelearningnewconcepts.Obviously,thisisnothelpfulforasuccessfulterm.A.They’regreatstudybuddies.B.Setasidetimeforstudyeachday.C.Youmayfeelfuzzyandforgetful.D.Surroundyourselfwithmotivatedfriends.E.Organizationhelpsyoureducetensionandstress.第三部分选词填空（7分）阅读下列句子，根据句子内容，从方框中选出恰当的短语填入句子中，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A.cheerhimupB.makeaneffortC.inpersonD.areputupE.graduatedfromF.keepfitG.calmdown45.Itisimportantto______andthinkclearlybeforemakingadecision.46.Duringthefestival,manycolourfuldecorations______aroundthehouses.47.Wemust______toachieveourgoals.48.HefailedintheEnglishtestandlookedsad.Let’s______.49.Hedoessportsregularlyto______.50.ZhangTian______akeyuniversitytwoyearsago.51Don’talwayschatonline.Youneedtomeetfriends______.第四部分书面表达（共两节，25分）第一节微写作（5分）52.“近光讲堂”（JinguangLecture）活动开展以来，我们邀请各领域的专家开展了多场讲座。请参考下列问题写一段短文，说说自己参加“近光讲堂”活动的收获和感受。（40词左右）参考问题：Haveyoubenefittedfromthelectures?Why?Howdoyoufeelaboutthelectures?Why?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）53.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国的节日非常感兴趣，来信询问你最喜欢的一个中国传统节日。请你用英语回信介绍该节日，内容包括：1.节日的名称、时间；2.节日的习俗；3.……注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.C7.A8.D9.C10.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在钱包里只有10美元且车需要加油的困境下，选择帮助一位焦虑的母亲支付牛奶费用，尽管自己因此身无分文，但内心感到充实和富有。作者通过这个经历分享了对“贫穷”与“富有”的新理解，强调了给予爱和帮助他人能带来内心的富足感，并鼓励人们享受爱的财富，成为自己想要成为的人。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何辨别一个人是富有还是贫穷？A.make制作；B.tell辨别；C.treat对待；D.look看。根据空后“whethersomeoneisrichorpoor”可知我们如何辨别一个人是富有还是贫穷？故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想分享我的经历，也许它会给你一个新的视角。A.reason理由；B.decision决定；C.experience经历；D.mistake错误。根据下句“Oneday,Ifoundmyselfwithjust10dollarsinmywalletuntilthenextpayday.”我发现自己的钱包里只有10美元，直到下一个发薪日。说明我想分享我的经历。故选C项。【3题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以我把车停在一家便利店前，给油箱加了5美元的油。A.pickedup捡起；B.signedup报名参加；C.putup张贴；D.pulledup靠边停车。根据空后“toaconveniencestoreandput5dollarsworthofgasinthetank”可知我把车停在一家便利店前，给油箱加了5美元的油。故选D项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我排队付款时，我看到我前面的那个女人焦急地在她的钱包里寻找足够支付2加仑牛奶的现金。A.pay支付；B.drive开车；C.choose选择；D.order命令。根据常识和空前“Iwaswaitinginline”可知我排队付款。故选A项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我排队付款时，我看到我前面的那个女人焦急地在她的钱包里寻找足够支付2加仑牛奶的现金。A.water水；B.milk牛奶；C.wine酒；D.gas汽油。根据下句“butthenIwalkedforwardandputdownmylast5dollarstohelphergetthemilkforherchildren.”可知但后来我走上前去，放下我最后的5美元，帮她为她的孩子拿牛奶。说明前面的那个女人焦急地在她的钱包里寻找足够支付2加仑牛奶的现金。故选B项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的钱包是空的，但我的心感到充实。A.lost丢失的；B.worn穿坏的；C.empty空的；D.poor贫穷的。根据上句“butthenIwalkedforwardandputdownmylast5dollarstohelphergetthemilkforherchildren”可知但后来我走上前去，放下我最后的5美元，帮她为她的孩子拿牛奶。说明我的钱包是空的。故选C项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是通过帮助别人来享受富有的感觉。A.enjoy享受；B.reduce减少；C.drag拖拽；D.quit放弃。根据上句“Ihadnomoneybutstillfeltliketherichestmanintheworld.”可知，我没有钱，但仍然觉得自己是世界上最富有的人。说明我只是通过帮助别人来享受富有的感觉。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，钱包里没钱也可以变得富有。A.smart聪明的；B.foolish愚蠢的；C.poor贫穷的；D.rich富有的。根据上句“Ihadnomoneybutstillfeltliketherichestmanintheworld.”可知我没有钱，但仍然觉得自己是世界上最富有的人。说明事实证明，钱包里没钱也可以变得富有。故选D项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享得越多，它就越能在我们心中成长。A.arrives到达；B.leaves离开；C.grows生长；D.moves移动。根据上句“Thetruthisthemorelovewegive,themorelovewehave.”可知事实是，我们付出的爱越多，我们拥有的爱就越多。说明我们分享得越多，它就越能在我们心中成长。故选C项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：是你自己可以决定你会成为什么样的人。A.decide决定；B.compare比较；C.review复习；D.support支持。根据空后“whatkindofpersonyouwillbe”可知是你自己可以决定你会成为什么样的人。故选A项。第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）11.【答案】studied【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我努力学习并且得了个好成绩。空处所给的动词为句子谓语，根据空后的“andgot”可知句子描述的是过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填studied。12.【答案】have

finished【详解】考查时态。句意：学生们到目前为止已经完成了他们的作业。finish“完成”。sofar“到目前为止”是现在完成时的标志词，此处表示动作已经完成，句子时态用现在完成时。主语是students，因此助动词用have。故填havefinished。13.【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认识那个房子在地震中被摧毁的人。“______housewasdestroyedintheearthquake”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theman，关系词将其代入从句中修饰名词house，作定语，需用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。14.【答案】spending【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待着在三亚度假。短语lookforwardto中to为介词，本空用spend“度过”的动名词形式spending，作宾语。故填spending。15.【答案】activities【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们学校俱乐部有不同的活动。activity“活动”是可数名词，作therebe句型的主语，结合形容词different和系动词are可知，应用复数形式。故填activities。16.【答案】Tolearn【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了学好英语，我必须更加努力地学习它。“学好英语”是“我必须更加努力学习它”的目的，用动词不定式tolearn作目的状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Tolearn。17.【答案】strength【详解】考查名词。句意：做运动可以增强你的体质。buildup动词，后用名词作宾语，strong的名词是strength，buildupone'sstrength“增强体质”。故填strength。18.【答案】who##that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：站在那里的那个女人是我的老师。“______isstandingthere”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thewoman，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。19.【答案】willbebuilt【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：明年我们市将建一座大图书馆。根据时间状语“nextyear”可知，句子的时态为一般将来时。又因为句子的主语“Abiglibrary”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，即图书馆是被建造的，所以要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbebuilt。20.【答案】carefully【详解】考查副词。句意：看！学生们正在认真地听老师讲课。提示词修饰动词短语listeningto，用副词carefully作状语，意为“认真地，仔细地”。故填carefully。【答案】21.amazing22.which##/that23.washeld24.totake25.excited【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作者在高中的生活。【21题详解】考查形容词。句意：我的学校生活很精彩。设空处应用形容词作表语，指学校生活精彩，应用amazing，说明事物的特征。故填amazing。【22题详解】考査关系代司，句意：英语是我最感兴趣的科目。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为thesubject，指，从句中作主语，应用which或者that引导定语从句，故填which/that。【23题详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：上个月，我们学校举办了一场英语演讲比赛。设空处在句中作谓语,结合时间状语Lastmonth,句子应用一般过去时，主语和hold之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数名词anEnglishspeechcompetition，故填washeld。【24题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：老师鼓励我参加这次比赛，我获得了第一名,这让我感到兴奋。encouragesbtodosth.“鼓励某人做某事”，设空处应用不动式totake作宾语补足语。故填totake。【25题详解】考查形容词。句意：老师鼓励我参加这次比赛，我获得了第一名，这让我感到兴奋。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，指人感到兴奋，应用形容词excited。故填excited。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）【答案】26.C27.B28.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了奥林匹克国家公园的四个露营地。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“StaircaseCampground”部分中的“Phone+1360-877-5569”可知，如果你想在StaircaseCampground露营，可以拨打+1360-877-5569。故选C项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“DeerParkCampground”部分的“Italsoonlyhas14campsites(它也只有14个露营地)”可知，DeerParkCampground有14个露营地；根据“HohCampground”部分的“Reservationsneedtobemadeforthe72campsitesonRinsummer(夏季需要在R网站上预订72个露营地)”可知，HohCampground有72个露营地；根据“StaircaseCampground”部分的“StaircaseCampground’s49campsitesoperateonafirst-come,first-servedbasis(楼梯露营地的49个营地按先到先得的原则运作)”可知，StaircaseCampground有49个露营地；根据“DosewallipsCampground”部分的“DosewallipsCampgroundfeaturesapproximately30campsites(Dosewallips露营地大约有30个露营地)”可知，DosewallipsCampground大约有30个露营地。比较可得，HohCampground提供的露营地最多。故选B项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“DeerParkCampground”部分的“Italsoonlyhas14campsites,whichfillupquicklyduringthepeaksummertravelseason.(它也只有14个露营地，在夏季旅游旺季很快就被满了。)”；“HohCampground”部分的“WithoptionsfortentsandRVs,theHohCampgroundisapopularoneallyearlong.Reservationsneedtobemadeforthe72campsitesonRinsummer,withcampsitesavailableonafirst-come,first-servedbasistherestoftheyear.(有帐篷和房车可供选择，Hoh露营地一年四季都很受欢迎。夏季需要在R网站上预订72个露营地，其余时间露营地采用先到先得的原则。)”；“StaircaseCampground”部分的“Itgetssomewhatcrowdedthroughoutthesummer.(整个夏天都有些拥挤。)”以及“DosewallipsCampground”部分的“Openforcampingyear-round,thislocationreceivesmoreguestsattheheightofthesummertravelseason.(全年开放露营，这个地方在夏季旅游旺季接待更多的客人。)”可知，这些露营地的共同之处是在夏天更拥挤。故选D项。【答案】29.B30.C31.D32.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了12岁女孩Rosili因担心新操场不适合妹妹们，自己设计了理想操场，其设计被用于新公园建设，梦想操场最终建成开放的故事。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Earlierthisyear,youngRosilinoticedthatanewplaygroundatThornockParkwasbeingbuilt,buttheequipmentseemedmoresuitableforolderkids.Concernedthatshewouldn’tbeabletoenjoyitwithheryoungersisters,Rosilitookmattersintoherownhands.(今年早些时候，年轻的Rosili注意到索诺克公园正在建造一个新的操场，但那里的设备似乎更适合大一点的孩子。由于担心自己不能和妹妹们一起享受这个操场，Rosili决定自己动手)”可知，Rosili设计操场是因为现有的操场设备更适合大孩子，她设计的操场能满足小孩子的需求。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Howes的话“Sheputatonoftimeintothatandalotofthought,andsheshoweditfromfourdifferentangles(她在那上面花了很多时间，也想了很多，而且她从四个不同的角度展示了它)”可知，Rosili投入大量时间和思考，还从四个不同角度展示，由此可推断她的图纸很详细且经过深思熟虑。故选C项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AlthoughtheThornockParkplaygroundwasalreadyinprogress,thecityhadplanstobuildanewplaygroundatBicentennialPark,andRosili’sdesignswereusedintheproject.(虽然索诺克公园的操场已经在建设中，但该市计划在双世纪公园建造一个新的操场，Rosili的设计被用于该项目)”和最后一段中“Rosiliproudlycuttheribbonattheceremony,creatinganewplayspaceforchildrenofallagestoenjoy—aspacethatwasimaginedandbroughttolifebyayounggirlwhobelievedshecouldmakeadifference.(Rosili自豪地在仪式上剪彩，为所有年龄段的孩子们创造了一个新的玩耍空间——一个由一个相信自己可以改变世界的小女孩想象出来的空间)”可知，双世纪公园的操场是由一个年轻女孩Rosili设计的。故选D项。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A12yearoldgirl’splaygroundvisionhasbecomeareality,thankstothekindnessandsupportofClearfieldCityofficialswhowelcomedhercreativityandpassion.(由于克利尔菲尔德市官员的善意和支持，他们欣赏她的创造力和热情，一个12岁女孩对操场的设想变成了现实)”以及最后一段中“OnTuesday,Rosili’sdreamplaygroundwasofficiallyopenedatBicentennialPark.(周二，Rosili梦想中的操场在双世纪公园正式开放)”可知，文章主要围绕女孩Rosili梦想中的操场得以实现展开。D选项“AGirl’sDreamPlaygroundComesTrue(一个女孩梦想中的操场成真了)”能概括文章主要内容，适合做标题。故选D项。【答案】33.C34.A35.C36.A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了酒精对青少年大脑的影响，尤其是青少年在大脑发育期间饮酒可能带来的短期和长期危害。文章指出，尽管许多人知道饮酒可能导致暴力行为和交通事故，但较少有人意识到酒精对仍在发育中的大脑的潜在影响。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Alcohol(酒精)isthemostwidelyconsumeddrugamongyoungpeopleinsomecountries.Manyofusknowthenegativeconsequencesofconsumingalcohol,suchasgettingintoviolentbehaviorsandtrafficaccidents.However,fewerofusconsiderhowafewbingedrinkingsessionscanaffectthebrain,especiallywhenitisstilldeveloping.(酒精是许多国家年轻人中最广泛使用的药物。我们中的许多人知道饮酒的负面后果，比如引发暴力行为和交通事故。然而，较少的人会考虑几次酗酒行为会对大脑产生怎样的影响，尤其是当大脑仍在发育时。)”可知，本段提到年轻人饮酒的现象，并且指出饮酒的负面影响，尤其是对大脑的影响。因此推断这段内容主要是为了引出文章接下来要详细讨论的主题——酒精对青少年大脑发育的影响。故选C。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately,alcoholicbeveragesnotonlyhavetemporaryimpactsonthefunctioningofourbrains,theyalsohavelong-lastingeffectsonvariousaspectsofthenervoussystem.(不幸的是，酒精饮料不仅会对我们的大脑功能产生temporary的影响，还会对神经系统的各个方面产生持久性的影响。)”可知，temporary一词与long-lastingeffects（长期影响）形成对比，说明酒精对大脑的影响既有短期的，也有长期的。因此，temporary在这里表示“短期的”。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately,alcoholicbeveragesnotonlyhavetemporaryimpactsonthefunctioningofourbrains,theyalsohavelong-lastingeffectsonvariousaspectsofthenervoussystem.(不幸的是，酒精饮料不仅会对我们的大脑功能产生短暂的影响，还会对神经系统的各个方面产生持久性的影响。)”和倒数第二段“Itisimportanttonotethatduringitsdevelopment—uptotheageof25-30—thebrainisatitsmostvulnerabletotheeffectsofdrugs.Moreover,thesechangescausecertainareasofthebraintomatureearlierthanothers.Thismismatchbetweenthedevelopmentofthebrain’sreward,impulsecontrolanddecision-makingsystemsmayexplainwhyadolescentsaremorelikelytoengageinriskybehaviour.(需要指出的是，在大脑发育的阶段（即25岁至30岁期间）——也就是大脑最易受到药物影响的时期——大脑会处于一种极度脆弱的状态。此外，这些变化还会导致大脑某些区域的成熟时间早于其他区域。这种大脑奖赏、冲动控制和决策系统发育与成熟之间的不匹配，或许可以解释为什么青少年更有可能从事冒险行为。)”可知，文章提到酒精对大脑的短期和长期影响，并且指出这些影响会导致青少年更容易出现冒险行为。因此可以推断酒精会影响大脑并导致行为问题。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段“Thishighlightsthefactthatthereisnosuchthingasahealthydoseofalcohol,andnosuchthingasharmlessbingedrinking.Itiscrucialthatwepayespeciallycloseattentiontoteenagedrinking.(这凸显了一个事实：不存在所谓适量饮酒这种说法，也不存在所谓无害的狂饮这种说法。我们必须特别留意青少年饮酒问题。)”以及前文的讲述可知，作者强调青少年大脑在发育过程中对酒精的易感性，指出早期饮酒会导致长期风险，并呼吁要特别关注青少年饮酒问题。这种语气和反复的警告表明作者对青少年饮酒问题感到担忧。故选A。【答案】37.B38.D39.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了短时间的运动也能提升大脑认知能力。【37题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSantaBarbara,dugthrough113previousstudies.Whenitcomestoone-offexercisesessions,theresultssuggestenergeticactivitiesarebestforcognition.Inparticular,cyclingandhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)werelinkedtothebiggestdifferencesinexecut