北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案与解析）

北京市朝阳区2025~2026学年度第一学期期未试题英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。YesterdayIwasflyinghomeafteraweekaway.We____1____ourflightandleftontime,butwhenwereachedthedestination,weweretoldthepilotswereflyingustoasmallerairportbecauseofbadweather.Whenwedeplaned,Ifiguredoutitwasmore-than-oneplanethathadbeendiverted(改变航线).Everybodywas____2____wheretheydidn’twanttobe.Peoplewerealltryingtogetonthefewflightsleavingthatevening.Ikeptcheckingmyphone,onlytodiscoverIhadbeenrebookedonaflight.Yay!Irantothenewgate,choseaseat,andscarfedmysnackssinceIhadn’teatenlunch.Soon,myrowwas____3____bya20-somethingwomaninthemiddle.She____4____aconversation,andsaidthatshefelt___5___becauseshehadatightconnectingflight.Ifshe____6____it,she’dstayovernightintheairport.Nothavingeatenallday,sheaskediftherewouldbeanywheretobuyfoodwhenwearrivedat9:45p.m.Itoldhermanyplaceswouldn’tbeopenthatlate.Then,Ihandedhertworicebars,____7____shedidn’tfindfoodbeforehernextflight.Shewas____8____,holdingthesnackswithhervoiceshakingalittle.“Really?Whatareyougoingtoeat?”ItoldherI’dbehomeanhourafterwelandedandIalreadyknewdinnerwouldbe____9____.Butshecouldbetravelingallnight.Thecrewturnedthelightsoffinthecabin,andI____10____listenedtothebarscrunching(嘎吱地嚼)forminutes.SheneededthemalotmorethanIdid!Andyes,whenIgothomeacoupleofhourslater,therewasabowlofwarmnoodlesforme.1.A.changed B.delayed C.boarded D.canceled2.A.stuck B.dragged C.hidden D.invited3.A.visited B.joined C.blocked D.reserved4.A.cutin B.brokeoff C.keptup D.struckup5.A.bored B.shocked C.worried D.confused6.A.lost B.made C.found D.missed7.A.evenif B.asthough C.sothat D.incase8.A.inspired B.touched C.satisfied D.interested9.A.wasted B.packed C.waiting D.cooling10.A.happily B.curiously C.confidently D.gratefully第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A语法填空。OnOctober1,JaneGoodallpassedaway____11____(natural)attheageof91.Shewasfamousforbeingthefirsttoobservechimpanzeesusetoolstocatchtermites(白蚁)inTanzania.From1985onwards,shecampaignedtirelessly____12____(protect)chimpanzees’habitats,whichmadeheralegendaryfigurewhosestoryfeaturesinChinesetextbooks.Besides,sheinspiredgenerationstocarefornature,____13____(prove)oneperson’spassionandperseverancecandrivemeaningfulchangefortheplanet.B语法填空Althoughpositiveenergyissometimesviewedasanabstractideaitcanbeapproachedfromvariousperspectives.Spiritually,positiveenergyisoftenassociatedwithinnerpeace.Scientifically,energycanbemeasured____14____brainwavesandstresshormones.Sofar,research____15____(show)ourmentalstatesdirectlyinfluenceouremotion.So,focusingonpositiveenergy,wefosterageneralsenseofwell-being.Environmentalsomatters.Choosingtheveryenvironment____16____offerscalmnessandinspiration,youcansignificantlyimproveyourenergylevels.C语法填空。Scientistsfoundtheoldestandmostcompletesetoffossilsofadome-headed(圆顶头)dinosaur____17____(call)apachycephalosaur.Pachycephalosaurswereplant-eatingdinosaursknownfortheirthickdomes.Thefossils____18____(discover)inMongoliain2019.Theyincludeacompleteskull,whosedomewasfullygrown,suggestingthatthecreatureslikelypractisedhead-hittingbeforematurity.Thesample,whichisbetween108millionand115millionyearsold,____19____(represent)anewspeciesandcanthrowlighton____20____thesecreaturesdeveloped.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)AThePlantaformIndoorGardenisa26-inch-tallegg-shapedsmartgardenthatmakesgrowingfresh,organicvegetablessimple,allyearround.Withnoneedforsunlightorsoil,justaddwaterandnutrients,andthesystem’sautonomousfeaturestakecareoftherest—monitoringwaterlevels,temperature,andlighting,ensuringfreshfoodforhomewithlittleeffort.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?NutrientAbsorption:Bycreatinganutrient-richfogfromwaterandnutrients,thesystemdeliversessentialnutritiondirectlytotheplants’roots,resultinginhealthierandfaster-growingplants.Built-inTechnology:ThePlantaformisequippedwithsensorsthatmonitorkeyenvironmentalfactorssuchastemperature,fanspeed,andlightlevels.ThesmartLEDlightsinitcanimitate(模仿)naturalsunlight,ensuringyourplantsreceiveconsistentlightingevenduringthedarkestwintermonths,regardlessofoutdoorconditions.App-controlled:YoucanmanageasmanyPlantaformIndoorGardensasyouwishfromthesamePlantaformAccount.Whetherathomeorinaworkplace,youcancontrolallyourgardensconvenientlywithintheapp,andreceivetailorednotifications:whenit’stimetoremovetheprotectivecovertoallowyouryoungplantstogrowintheopenair.whenit’stimetorefillthewatertanks,ensuringyourplantsalwayshaveenoughwater.whenyourplantsarereadytobeharvested,soyoucanenjoyfreshproduceatitspeak.whenit’stimetorunaQuickCleaningCycleaftereachgrowthcycleends.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoreachouttousatsupport@.We’reheretohelpyougrowwithconfidenceandsuccess!21.WiththePlantaform,userscan.A.operateasoil-basedgardenB.plantvegetablesonceayearC.harvestfoodwithhardworkD.growplantswithoutsunlight22.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?A.Itsendsnutritiontotheplants’roots.B.Itadjustslightingtooutdoorconditions.C.Itexaminestheplants’healthwithsensors.D.Itrequiresseparateaccountsforeachgarden.23.ThePlantaformappwillsendanotificationwhen.A.thewatertankistoofullB.theproduceisperfectlyripeC.aQuickCleaningCycleendsD.thegardenneedsmovingoutsideBLikemanyparents,wecanonlyputoffourkids’askingforadogsolonguntilwefinallygivein.Lastfallwelookedthroughdog-rescuewebsitesand,beforelong,adoptedEtti,aspottedDalmatian:ItwasroughatfirstbecausealthoughEttiisasweet,lovingdogwithus,she’shighlyreactivetoanythingelsethatmoves:people,dogs,cats,etc.Thankfully,we’vefoundanexcellenttrainer.OnachallengingtrainingsessionduringwhichIbecamefrustrated,hesaid:“Sir,youdon’tgetthedogyouwant.Yougetthedogyouneed.”Irememberthinkingtomyself,“Need?DoIreallyneedananxious,high-strungDalmatian?”Infact,thelastthingIneededwasmorestressinmyalreadystress-filledlife.Yet,overtime,I’vecometoappreciatethewisdomofthisexpression.WhenItookEttionawalktheotherday,mywholebodytensedup,scanningtheenvironmentforpossibledanger.Anunsuspectingpasser-bycrossedthestreettowardusandEttibarkedloudly.Isaidtoher,“You’resoworkeduptoday,Etti.What’sgoingon?”AndthenithitmethatthroughoutourwalkI’dbeentheonewhowastenseandworriedaboutthedayahead.Intheend,maybeEttiwasjustactingoutwhatIwasfeeling,servingasagoodreminderthatIneedtopayattentiontomymoodsandhowtheyaffectthose—bothdogsandhumans—aroundme.AnothernotablethingaboutEttiistheeasewithwhichsheshiftsfromonemoodtothenext.Ettidoesn’tkeepthinkingaboutwhathappenedlastweek,yesterday,oreventwominutesago.Eachmomentforherisanew“now”.Thisisn’ttosaythatshe’snotaffectedbyherpast.Ettiisarescuesowhoknowswhatshehadtodealwithinherpreviouslife.However,shedoesnotletitdragherdownanddeterminewhatcomesnext,unlikemostofushumans.WhenwewereconsideringadoptingEttilastfall,wereadthroughherdescriptionontherescuesiteandgotagoodlaughatthestatementthatshewouldneedhelp“beingthebestdogshecanbe.”Yet,wehadneverthoughtthatshewasactuallytheonethatguidedustobethebetterhumans.24.WhatbotheredtheauthorshortlyafteradoptingEtti?A.Etti’shistoryasarescue.B.Etti’ssensitivitytomovingthings.C.Etti’sneedforprofessionaltraining.D.Etti’sinabilitytogetalongwiththefamily.25.Howdidtheauthorfeeluponhearingthetrainer’swords?A.Empowered. B.Hopeless.C.Appreciative. D.Unconvinced.26.WhatdoesthestorytellusaboutEtti?A.Shegotmoodyeasilyafterreceivingtraining.B.Sheremindedherownertocareaboutothers.C.Shemirroredherowner’sinneremotionalstate.D.Shewasfreefromtheimpactofherpastexperience.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everydoghasitsday.B.Loveme,lovemydog.C.Misfortunebetterscharacter.D.Withunexpectedwisdom,werise.CWhat’sthefirstthingyounoticewhenyoustepintoamuseum?Isitthelong-fadedcolorsofancientobjectsfromallaroundtheworldorthewhisperedsoundsofvisitorsdiscussingwhattheysee?Museumsallowustoindirectly“experience”thepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses,suchassightorhearing,butmoreoftenthannot,smellismissing.Wedon’tthinkaboutsmellwhenstudyingthepast.Oneoftheproblemsisthatitisincrediblyhardtostudy.Thescents(香味)andsmellshadalreadybeengonebeforearchaeologists(考古学家)couldcomeandstudythesites.“Newchemicalandbiomolecular(生物分子)methodsinarchaeologyhavekindofreopenedthedoortocontinuetostudythesethings.Ofcourse,whatwehavefromancienttextscanalsohelpalot,”saysBarbaraHuber,anarchaeochemistfromGermany.“Whenwedofindallthesedetails,theycanenrichourunderstandingofalotofaspectsofpastwaysoflife,includingmedicine,tradeandsocialstatus.”Inthestudyofancientmaterials,thestudyoftradeandtheincenseroadwasalwaysaninterestingpointforresearchers.Buttheproblemisthattheincenseroadwasoftenlookedatfromtheperspectiveofclassicalscholars—namelytextsfromancientGreeceorancientRome.Fromtheverybeginning,thestoryoftheincenseroadwastoldbyoutsiders,whowerealsonotcontemporary.“Wedon’thaveanyevidencefromtheearlierperiods,theIronAgeandtheBronzeAgeinancientArabia,”Hubersays.“Soitwasveryinterestingtotrackdownmolecularremainsthatcantellusalotaboutancientmaterials.Inonecasestudy,HuberandherteamlookedatthecontentofincenseburnersandfoundPeganum—amedicinalandpsychoactiveplant.Theyrealizedthatintheseincenseburners,specifically,peopleactuallyuseditformedicinalorpsychoactivepurposes.Thiswasinterestingbecausethepracticeofincenseburningseemstonotonlybesensorialbutalsohavethismedicinalcomponent.Thestudyrevealedsomethingwherewehadabsolutelynoidea:medicinalpracticesinancientArabia.We,allofasudden,hadanideaofhowpeopleusedtheirlocalpharmacopoeia—thedocumentofmedicinalingredientsissuedbythegovernmentfortreatingillnesses;inthiscase,theyburnedPeganumandthenprobablybreathedthesmoke—notjustappliedittotheskinordrankit.Thepracticeofburningincenseisstillpartofpeople’slivestoday,butitgoesallthewayback.Andifwefollowittotherootsofwhereitbegan,historyisn’tsomethingthatweonlysee.28.WhydoestheauthorraisetwoquestionsinParagraph1?A.Tostressaprejudice.BTocomparephenomena.C.Torevealalimitation.D.Tointroduceanexperience.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Incenseremainshelpedidentifyancientmedicinalpractices.B.Sensorialpurposesofincenseburningusedtobeoverlooked.C.Theuseofmedicinalincenseneededapprovalfromgovernment.D.Thetradeontheincenseroadwaswitnessedbyclassicalscholars.30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whysmellsareabsentwhenwestudythepast.B.Howarchaeologistsscentoutsmellsofthepast.C.Howwecanbringlong-lostsmellsintomodernlife.D.Whychallengesariseinthestudyofhistoricalsmells.DNearly2millionyearsago,oneofourancestorsdevelopedbonecancerintheirfoot.Thefateofthisindividualisunknown,butthefossilisedremainsleavenodoubtthatcancerhasbeenapartofourstoryforaverylongtime.Butthesecancercellsweren’ttheonlyinternalthreatourancestorsfaced.Theirsurvivalwasalsothreatenedbyindividualsattemptingtounderminethegroup.Attheheartofthestoryisthisquestion:ishumannatureselfishoraltruistic,competitiveorcooperative?Theanswerhasprofoundimplicationsforhowweaimtostructuresociety.Ifwearebornaltruists,theninstitutionsareunnecessary.Butifselfishnessdominates,strongcontrolisessential.Inthelanguageofevolutionarybiology,wehaveacooperationdilemma:therearesituationswhereitisinourinterest,toworkwithothers,andtherearesituationswhereitisnot.Asaresult,visiblerivalry(竞争)wasreplacedbywhatIcall“invisiblerivalry”—theabilitytohideselfish,competitiveintentionswhilemaintainingtheappearanceofacooperativenature.Inotherwords,weevolvedtocompeteinacooperativeworld.Thisiswheretheanalogy(类比)withcancerarises.Humanity’slonghistoryoflivingwiththediseasemeanswehaveevolvedbiologicalmechanismstoreducetheriskitposes.Manyreactionsatthecellularlevelevolvedtohelpourbodiesfightoffcancers.Itisthisstrongimmunesystemthatexplainswhy,althoughwearefrequentlyexposedtoviruses,theseoftendon’tleadtoillness.Similarly,thethreatstooursocialgroupsposedbytheevolutionofinvisiblerivalryledustodeveloppracticesandinstitutionstomaximizecooperation.Icallthisourculturalimmunesystem.However,justascancersfindwaystoescapefromourimmunesystems,someindividualsusetheirintelligencetodestabilizethegroup’ssocialnormsfortheirownbenefit.Tofighttheenemy,wecanboosttheculturalimmunesystem,muchlikehowwecanimproveourbiologicalimmunesystemsthroughhealthylifestylesandvaccination.Butthisisn’tgoingtohappenuntilwefirstrecognizetheproblemthatinvisiblerivalryposes.Inmyview,thebestwayisthrougheducation.Weareallpartoftheculturalimmunesystem.Ifweunderstandourevolutionaryheritage,wewillbeopen-eyedtothedangerthatfreeloadersposetosocietyandplaceourtrustmoreclear-sightedly—muchasthebody’sdefencesystemlearnstorecognizetheagentsassociatedwithcancerstodealwiththem.Wemustworktogethertostayonestepaheadofhumanity’sopportunisticnature.Withoutbeliefs,normsandaproperunderstandingofhumannature,weareatthemercyofourselfishbiologicalheritage.Evolutionhasmadeusthiswaybutwecanlearntoovercomeit.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Far-sighted. B.Humane.C.Self-interested. D.Adaptable.32.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheculturalimmunesystem?A.Itcontributestohumanity’scompetitivenessB.Humandishonestyissaidtobeitsbyproduct.C.Internalthreatsinsocietycannotescapefromit.D.Itcanbeimprovedthroughenhancingcooperation.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theminority’sselfishnessdoesn’tmeancancersforsocietyBItishardtomaintaintheappearanceofacooperativenature.C.WeneedagreeonthefactthatinvisiblerivalrybringsharmD.Thestabilityofsocietyliesinhumanity’sopportunisticnature.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheCureforSocialIllsB.TheMercyofHumanityCTheValueinInstitutionsD.TheRootofInvisibleRivalry第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)Formostofus,frisson,anintenseemotionalpleasureaccompaniedbytearsandgoosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩),issomethingthathappensunexpectedlyandrarely.Butwhatiftherewasawayyoucouldexperiencethisfeelingmore?Theanswermaylieintheartof”slowlooking“.Slowlookingistheactofobservinganartworkforanextendedperiodoftime.Thatcouldbeanuninterruptedfiveminutes,anhour,orevenanentireday.____35____However,slowlookingextendsbeyondagallerysetting.It’ssimilartomeditation(冥想),butit’snotlimitedtokeepingusfocusedonthebreathandclosedeyes.____36____Inmanyways,itistheartofsimplynoticing,withoutdistractions,andwithoutgivingintotheurgetomakeita“productive”activity.Sohowtotryslowlooking?Itmighttakesometimetogetusedto.____37____.Whetherit’sobservingaworkofart,gardening,staringoutthewindowduringyournexttrainjourney,birdwatching,orpausingduringawoodlandwalktoobservetheplantlifearoundyou,therearecountlesswaystoslowlookeveryday.____38____Whenweslowdown,the“restanddigest”modeofournervoussystemrisesup.Thisrelaxationofmindcreatesspacefornewthoughtsandfeelingstosurface.Thisiswhenwemightstarttonoticesmallthingsinourenvironment.____39____Wesimplynotice.Webecomethewitness,causingasmallyetprofoundshiftthatsupportsreducedanxiety,andimprovedoverallwell-being.ASlowlookingoffersvaluablementalbenefits.B.Butit’ssomethingwecouldstartaddingtoourdailylife.C.Certainkindsofartmaybebettersuitedforslowlookingthanothers.D.Expertsrecommendgoingtoanartexhibitionwhentherearefewerpeople.E.Itisbasedontheideathattounderstandanartwork,youneedtospendtimewithit.F.Instead,ittakesusoutintothesensoryworldinwhichlightshiftsandwindwhispers.G.Forexample,leavesdancinginthewindandthewingbeatsofabirdpassingoverheadrevealthemselves.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)任务型阅读Thinkaboutthetoughestperiodofyourlife.Thetimeyoufeltmostlost,mostchallenged,mostbroken.Itprobablyfeltlikeanimpassiblewall,adeadend.Butwhatifthatwallwasactuallyadoorway?Whatifthestruggleitselfwastheverythingyouneededtogrow?There’sabeautiful,ancientLatinphrasethatexpressesthisideaperfectly:AdAstraperAspera.Ittranslatesto”atoughroadleadstothestars,“anditisoneofthemostpowerfulandinspiringphilosophicalideaseverpackedintofourlittlewords.Thisphraseisn’tsomemodern,feel-goodstatement.It’sold.Reallyold.It’sbeenadoptedasamottobycountlessfamilies,cities,andevenusedbyspaceprograms,whichisbeautifullyliteral.Thephrasehaslastedforcenturiesbecauseitspeakstoafundamentaltruth:greatnessisnotbornfromcomfort.Let’sbreakitdown.The“Aspera”partmeans“hardships”or“difficulties”.Thisisn’tjustaboutminorinconveniences.Itreferstothereal,painfulstrugglesoflife-failure,loss,anddoubt.Ourmoderncultureoftenteachesustoavoidpainatallcosts,toseekthesmoothest,easiestpath.But“AdAstraperAspera”challengesthatview.Itsuggeststhatthe“Aspera”isnotadetour(绕道)fromthepath;itisthepath.The“Astra”partofthephrasemeans“thestars”.Thestarsrepresentyourbiggestdreams,andyourbestself.Itcouldbeaspecificgoal,likestartingabusinessorhealingarelationship.Oritcouldbeastateofbeing,likefindingpeace,wisdom,orpurpose.Thebeautyofthephraseisthat“thestars”arepersonaltoyou,butthemessageisuniversal:Thejourneytothestarsisnotaflight;it’saclimbupajagged(崎岖的)mountain.40.Whatdoesthephrase“AdAstraperAspera”literallymean?____________________________________________________________________________________41.Whyhasthephrase“AdAstraperAspera”lastedforcenturies?____________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Thebeautyofthephrase“AdAstraperAspera”isthatbothitsmessageandthe“Astra”areuniversal.____________________________________________________________________________________43.Howcan“Aspera”leadyouto“Astra”?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________第二节44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你参加了题为“描绘城市色彩”(TheColorofACity)的英语征文活动，你的外国好友Jim对你的征文内容很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.你选择的城市和它的色彩;2.说明色彩选择的理由。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。YesterdayIwasflyinghomeafteraweekaway.We____1____ourflightandleftontime,butwhenwereachedthedestination,weweretoldthepilotswereflyingustoasmallerairportbecauseofbadweather.WhenwedeplanedIfiguredoutitwasmore-than-oneplanethathadbeendiverted(改变航线).Everybodywas____2____wheretheydidn’twanttobe.Peoplewerealltryingtogetonthefewflightsleavingthatevening.Ikeptcheckingmyphone,onlytodiscoverIhadbeenrebookedonaflight.Yay!Irantothenewgate,choseaseat,andscarfedmysnackssinceIhadn’teatenlunch.Soon,myrowwas____3____bya20-somethingwomaninthemiddle.She____4____aconversation,andsaidthatshefelt___5___becauseshehadatightconnectingflight.Ifshe____6____it,she’dstayovernightintheairport.Nothavingeatenallday,sheaskediftherewouldbeanywheretobuyfoodwhenwearrivedat9:45p.m.Itoldhermanyplaceswouldn’tbeopenthatlate.Then,Ihandedhertworicebars,____7____shedidn’tfindfoodbeforehernextflight.Shewas____8____,holdingthesnackswithhervoiceshakingalittle.“Really?Whatareyougoingtoeat?”ItoldherI’dbehomeanhourafterwelandedandIalreadyknewdinnerwouldbe____9____.Butshecouldbetravelingallnight.Thecrewturnedthelightsoffinthecabin,andI____10____listenedtothebarscrunching(嘎吱地嚼)forminutes.SheneededthemalotmorethanIdid!Andyes,whenIgothomeacoupleofhourslater,therewasabowlofwarmnoodlesforme.1.A.changed B.delayed C.boarded D.canceled2.A.stuck B.dragged C.hidden D.invited3.A.visited B.joined C.blocked D.reserved4.A.cutin B.brokeoff C.keptup D.struckup5.A.bored B.shocked C.worried D.confused6.A.lost B.made C.found D.missed7.A.evenif B.asthough C.sothat D.incase8.A.inspired B.touched C.satisfied D.interested9.A.wasted B.packed C.waiting D.cooling10.A.happily B.curiously C.confidently D.gratefully【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C6.D7.D8.B9.C10.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者结束一周的行程乘飞机回家，航班虽准时起飞，却因天气原因备降小型机场。在改签后的航班上，作者遇到一位因担心赶不上转机而焦虑的女士，她还没吃饭。作者便将自己的米糕分给了她，这个小小的善举温暖了对方，也让作者收获了助人的快乐。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们登机后准时起飞，但抵达目的地时，却被告知由于天气恶劣，飞行员要把我们降落到一个更小的机场。A.changed改变；B.delayed延误；C.boarded登机；D.canceled取消。根据后文“leftontime”可知，此处是先登机再起飞，“boardaflight”为固定搭配，意为“登机”。故选C项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有人都被困在了自己不想待的地方。A.stuck困住；B.dragged拖拽；C.hidden隐藏；D.invited邀请。根据后文“wheretheydidn’twanttobe.”可知，航班因天气改降其他机场，乘客们无法抵达原定目的地，处于被困的状态，“bestuck”表示“被困住”。故选A项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一位二十多岁的女士坐到了我这一排的中间座位。A.visited拜访；B.joined加入、落座；C.blocked阻挡；D.reserved预订。根据后文“bya20-somethingwomaninthemiddle”可知，作者已经选好座位，女士过来坐在同一排，“join”在此处表示“加入到（某排座位）中”。故选B项。4题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她主动开启了一段对话，说自己很担心，因为她的转机航班时间很紧张。A.cutin插嘴；B.brokeoff中断；C.keptup维持；D.struckup开启（对话、友谊等）。根据后文“aconversation,andsaid”可知，女士主动和作者搭话，“strikeupaconversation”是固定搭配，意为“主动攀谈”。故选D项。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她主动开启了一段对话，说自己很担心，因为她的转机航班时间很紧张。A.bored无聊的；B.shocked震惊的；C.worried担心的；D.confused困惑的。根据后文“shehadatightconnectingflight”以及赶不上就要在机场过夜可知，女士内心很担忧。故选C项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果错过这趟转机航班，她就得在机场过夜了。A.lost丢失；B.made做到；C.found发现；D.missed错过。根据前文“tightconnectingflight”的语境，赶不上转机航班就会滞留，“miss”符合此处含义。故选D项。【7题详解】考查连词短语辨析。句意：随后，我递给她两块米糕，以防她在下一趟航班前买不到吃的。A.evenif即使；B.asthough好像；C.sothat以便；D.incase以防。作者担心女士后续买不到食物，所以提前给她米糕，“incase”引导目的状语从句，表“以防万一”。故选D项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她十分感动，拿着零食，声音微微有些颤抖。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.touched感动的；C.satisfied满意的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据前文“Then,Ihandedhertworicebars”以及后文“holdingthesnackswithhervoiceshakingalittle.”可知，素不相识的作者主动给她食物，女士内心充满感激和感动。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，我们降落一小时后我就能到家，而且我知道家里已经有晚餐在等着我了。A.wasted浪费；B.packed打包；C.waiting等待；D.cooling冷却。根据文末“therewasabowlofwarmnoodlesforme”可知，作者回家就能吃到准备好的晚饭，“bewaiting”符合语境。故选C项。【10题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：机组人员调暗了客舱的灯光，我欣慰地听着她嘎嘣嘎嘣嚼米糕的声音，听了好一会儿。A.happily欣慰地、高兴地；B.curiously好奇地；C.confidently自信地；D.gratefully感激地。根据后文“listenedtothebarscrunching(嘎子地嚼)forminutes.”可知，作者看到自己的食物帮到了需要的人，内心是欣慰且开心的。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A语法填空。OnOctober1,JaneGoodallpassedaway____11____(natural)attheageof91.Shewasfamousforbeingthefirsttoobservechimpanzeesusetoolstocatchtermites(白蚁)inTanzania.From1985onwards,shecampaignedtirelessly____12____(protect)chimpanzees’habitats,whichmadeheralegendaryfigurewhosestoryfeaturesinChinesetextbooks.Besides,sheinspiredgenerationstocarefornature,____13____(prove)oneperson’spassionandperseverancecandrivemeaningfulchangefortheplanet.【答案】11.naturally12.toprotect13.proving【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了动物学家JaneGoodall的生平贡献与深远影响。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：10月1日，JaneGoodall在91岁时自然离世。空处修饰动词短语passedaway，需用副词形式，natural的副词形式为naturally。故填naturally。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从1985年起，她不知疲倦地发起运动，以保护黑猩猩的栖息地，这使她成为一位传奇人物，其事迹也被收录在中国的教科书中。本句已有谓语campaigned，空格处用非谓语形式，此处表目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填toprotect。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，她激励了一代又一代人关爱自然，这也证明了一个人的热爱与毅力能够为地球带来有意义的改变。本句已有谓语inspired，空格处用非谓语形式，动词prove与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，且动作与谓语动词inspired同时发生，所以空处需用现在分词proving作伴随状语。故填proving。B语法填空Althoughpositiveenergyissometimesviewedasanabstractidea,itcanbeapproachedfromvariousperspectives.Spiritually,positiveenergyisoftenassociatedwithinnerpeace.Scientifically,energycanbemeasured____14____brainwavesandstresshormones.Sofar,research____15____(show)ourmentalstatesdirectlyinfluenceouremotion.So,focusingonpositiveenergy,wefosterageneralsenseofwell-being.Environmentalsomatters.Choosingtheveryenvironment____16____offerscalmnessandinspiration,youcansignificantlyimproveyourenergylevels.【答案】14.by15.hasshown16.that【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出正能量虽看似抽象，却可从多维度解读。14题详解】考查介词。句意：从科学角度来说，能量可以通过脑电波和压力激素来测量。此处表示“通过某种方式或手段”，用来引出测量能量的具体载体，需用介词by。故填by。【15题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，研究已经表明我们的心理状态会直接影响情绪。时间状语Sofar（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语research为不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，show的现在完成时结构为ha