2026年英语语法高级用法练习题

2026年英语语法高级用法练习题一、动词不定式与分词作状语（5题，每题3分）1.改错题原句：Havingfinishedthereport,sheimmediatelysentittothemanager.错误分析：此处分词作状语，但逻辑主语与主句主语不一致（she应为逻辑主语，但分词的逻辑主语是"thereport"）。修改后：Finishingthereport,sheimmediatelysentittothemanager.解析：不定式作状语时，若主语一致，可直接使用；若不一致，需改为独立主格结构或从句。本句应将"Havingfinished"改为"Finishing"。2.改错题原句：Tomaketheprojectsuccessful,allteammembersmustworkhard.错误分析：不定式表目的时，若主语一致，可直接使用；但此处隐含主语为"theproject"，需改为从句。修改后：Fortheprojecttobesuccessful,allteammembersmustworkhard.解析：不定式作目的状语时，若强调目的性且主语不一致，需加"for"引导。3.改错题原句：Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.错误分析：现在分词表被动，但"thecity"是主动观察者，需改为过去分词。修改后：Seenfromthehill,thecityappearsmorebeautiful.解析：过去分词作状语时，若主语是动作的承受者，需使用被动语态。4.改错题原句：Nothavingknownthenews,theydecidedtoinvestigate.错误分析：独立主格结构中，"they"应为逻辑主语，但分词主语是"thenews"。修改后：Notknowingthenews,theydecidedtoinvestigate.解析：独立主格结构中，分词主语需与主句主语一致，否则改为从句。5.改错题原句：Beingasuccessfulentrepreneur,shehasgainedmuchexperience.错误分析：现在分词表主动，但"she"是被动承受者，需改为过去分词。修改后：Beingasuccessfulentrepreneur,shehasaccumulatedmuchexperience.解析：分词作状语时，需根据主语与动作的逻辑关系选择主动或被动形式。二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用（5题，每题3分）6.填空题IfonlyI______moretimetotravellastyear!正确答案：hadhad解析：虚拟语气中，与过去事实相反的条件句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"would/could/might+动词原形"。7.填空题Thecompanyregretsthatit______moreinvestmentlastyear.正确答案：hadinvested解析：宾语从句中的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用"had+过去分词"。8.填空题Iftheproposal______accepted,wewouldhaveavoidedtheproblem.正确答案：hadbeen解析：虚拟语气中，从句主语是被动关系，用"hadbeen+过去分词"。9.改错题原句：Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theypasstheexam.错误分析：主句动词形式错误，应为"wouldpass"。修改后：Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theywouldpasstheexam.解析：虚拟语气主句用"would/could/might+动词原形"。10.填空题It'sapitythatyou______invitedtothemeeting.正确答案：hadn'tbeen解析：表遗憾的虚拟语气，用"hadn't+过去分词"。三、定语从句与名词性从句的复杂用法（5题，每题3分）11.改错题原句：ThemanageristhepersonwhoIthinkisresponsiblefortheproject.错误分析：内嵌定语从句时，若先行词含"the"，关系代词需用"that"。修改后：ThemanageristhepersonthatIthinkisresponsiblefortheproject.解析：定语从句中，先行词含"the"且指人时，关系代词用"that"。12.填空题Whattheteamneedsis______theycancompletethetaskontime.正确答案：for解析：名词性从句中，"What..."作主语，"What"后的从句用陈述语序，"for"表原因。13.改错题原句：Thedecisionwhichwemadelastweekisveryimportant.错误分析："Thedecision"是单数，关系代词需用"that"。修改后：Thedecisionthatwemadelastweekisveryimportant.解析：定语从句中，先行词是单数可数名词时，关系代词用"That"。14.填空题Heisnotthekindofperson______youshouldtrust.正确答案：who解析：定语从句中，先行词含"the"且指人时，关系代词用"who"（口语中"that"也可）。15.改错题原句：Itisimportantthatthemanagershouldattendthemeeting.错误分析："Itisimportantthat..."结构中，"should"多余。修改后：Itisimportantthatthemanagerattendthemeeting.解析：名词性从句中，"Itisimportant/necessary/essentialthat..."结构中，从句用虚拟语气，动词用原形。四、情态动词与倒装句的复杂用法（5题，每题3分）16.改错题原句：Itispossiblethathewillnotfinishthereportontime.错误分析：可能性推测用"might/could+动词原形"，"willnot"不适用。修改后：Itispossiblethathemightnotfinishthereportontime.解析：情态动词表推测时，"might/could"比"will"更委婉。17.填空题Notonly______happybutalsotheysatisfiedwiththeresult.正确答案：werethey解析：否定词/半否定词置于句首，主谓倒装，助动词提前。18.改错题原句：Unlessyouhurry,youwillmissthetrain.错误分析：条件状语从句中，主句若用将来时，从句用一般现在时，此处"willmiss"错误。修改后：Unlessyouhurry,youwillmissthetrain.解析：条件状语从句中，主将从现原则：若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。19.填空题Hard______hetried,hecouldn'tsolvetheproblem.正确答案：hefailed解析："Hard"置于句首，主谓倒装，动词用原形。20.改错题原句：Littledoesthemanagerknowaboutthefinancialsituation.错误分析：否定词置于句首，主谓倒装，此处"does"错误，应提前。修改后：Littledoesthemanagerknowaboutthefinancialsituation.解析："Little/Scarcely/Never"等否定词置于句首，主谓倒装。五、固定搭配与特殊句式的高级应用（5题，每题3分）21.改错题原句：Thecompanyislookingforwardtotoexpanditsmarketsharenextyear.错误分析：固定搭配"lookforwardto"后需接动名词，"to"多余。修改后：Thecompanyislookingforwardtoexpandingitsmarketsharenextyear.解析：动词短语后接动名词作宾语，如"lookforwardto,getusedto,beusedto"。22.填空题Heisinterestedin______Englishmovies.正确答案：watching解析：固定搭配"beinterestedin"后接动名词，表兴趣。23.改错题原句：Themanagerinsistedonthattheemployeesshouldworkovertime.错误分析：insiston后接动名词，"that"多余。修改后：Themanagerinsistedontheemployeesworkingovertime.解析：动词短语后接动名词作宾语，如"insiston,suggestdoing"。24.填空题Thecompanyiscommittedto______sustainabledevelopment.正确答案：promoting解析：固定搭配"becommittedto"后接动名词，表承诺。25.改错题原句：Itisvitalfortheteamtobegoodatworkingunderpressure.错误分析：固定搭配"begoodat"后接动名词，"tobe"多余。修改后：Itisvitalfortheteamtoworkwellunderpressure.解析：动词短语后接动名词作宾语，如"begoodat"。六、非谓语动词的复杂结构（5题，每题3分）26.改错题原句：Havingfinishedtheproject,theteamfelttheycouldrelaxnow.错误分析：非谓语动词表主动，但"theteam"是被动承受者，需改为过去分词。修改后：Havingfinishedtheproject,theteamfelttheycouldrelaxnow.解析：现在分词作状语时，若主语是动作的承受者，需使用被动语态。27.填空题Themanageraskedtheteamtobemoreefficientin______thereport.正确答案：completing解析：不定式作宾补，表目的或结果。28.改错题原句：Thecompanyencouragedtheemployeestofollowthenewpolicy.错误分析：encouragesb.todosth.固定搭配，"tofollow"正确。修改后：Thecompanyencouragedtheemployeestofollowthenewpolicy.解析：动词不定式作宾补，表建议或命令。29.填空题Sheisproudof______asuccessfulentrepreneur.正确答案：being解析：beproudof后接动名词或名词，表自豪。30.改错题原句：Theteamfailedtocompletetheprojectontimebecauseofnotworkinghardenough.错误分析：failtodosth.固定搭配，"notworking"错误，需用动名词。修改后：Theteamfailedtocompletetheprojectontimebecauseofnotworkinghardenough.解析：动词不定式作宾语或表目的时，需加"to"。答案与解析一、动词不定式与分词作状语1.分词作状语时，逻辑主语需与主句主语一致，"Havingfinished"改为"Finishing"。2.不定式表目的时，若主语不一致，需改为"for+不定式"结构。3.过去分词表被动，"thecity"是观察者，"Seen"改为"Appearing"。4.独立主格结构中，"Notknowing"逻辑主语是"they"，无需修改。5.分词作状语时，"Being"表主动，"she"是承受者，改为"Accumulating"。二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用6.与过去事实相反用"had+过去分词"，"Ihadhad"正确。7.宾语从句中的虚拟语气，"hadinvested"表过去。8.从句主语是被动关系，"hadbeenaccepted"正确。9.主句用"would+动词原形"，"wouldpass"正确。10.表遗憾的虚拟语气，"hadn'tbeeninvited"正确。三、定语从句与名词性从句的复杂用法11.先行词含"the"且指人，关系代词用"that"，"that"正确。12."What..."作主语，"What"后的从句用陈述语序，"for"表原因。13.先行词是单数可数名词，关系代词用"That"，"that"正确。14.先行词含"the"且指人，关系代词用"who"，"who"正确。15."Itisimportantthat