2026年外语能力提升之语法和词汇自测题集

2026年外语能力提升之语法和词汇自测题集第一部分：语法结构题（共10题，每题2分，合计20分）说明：本部分题目主要考察考生对英语语法结构的掌握程度，包括时态、语态、从句等。1.时态与语态Directions:Choosethecorrectformoftheverbtocompletethesentence.1.She______(have)ameetingat10AMtomorrow.A.hasB.ishavingC.willhaveD.had2.Thereport______(write)byJohnyesterdayevening.A.waswrittenB.wroteC.iswrittenD.willwrite3.Bythetimeyouarrive,we______(finish)theproject.A.willhavefinishedB.willfinishC.havefinishedD.arefinishing4.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldapologizeimmediately.A.amB.wereC.wasD.are5.Thepackage______(deliver)bytheendoftoday.A.willbedeliveredB.willdeliverC.isdeliveredD.willdeliver2.从句用法Directions:Completethesentencewiththecorrectrelativeclause.6.Thecompany______(establish)in1998isnowagloballeader.A.whichwasfoundedB.thatfoundedC.wasfoundedD.founded7.Shelovesreadingbooks______(tell)truestories.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom8.Theman______Ispoketolastnightismynewboss.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose9.Thehotel______westayedlastyearhasbeenrenovated.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when10.Thedecision______thecommitteemadelastweekwillaffectourfutureplans.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom第二部分：词汇应用题（共15题，每题1分，合计15分）说明：本部分题目主要考察考生对词汇的理解和运用能力，包括同义词辨析、固定搭配等。1.同义词辨析Directions:Choosethebestwordtocompletethesentence.11.Thenewpolicyaimsto______economicgrowthwhileprotectingtheenvironment.A.boostB.reduceC.slowdownD.maintain12.Despitethechallenges,she______hergoalswithdetermination.A.achievedB.failedC.abandonedD.neglected13.Thecompany'sprofitshave______significantlyoverthepastyear.A.declinedB.increasedC.stabilizedD.fluctuated14.Hisexplanationwasso______thatnoonecouldunderstandit.A.clearB.confusingC.conciseD.accurate15.Themeetingwas______duetolackofpreparation.A.successfulB.productiveC.chaoticD.organized2.固定搭配Directions:Choosethebestcollocationtocompletethesentence.16.Shehasa______backgroundininternationaltrade.A.strongB.weakC.diverseD.limited17.Theprojectisfacingsome______challenges.A.minorB.majorC.temporaryD.insignificant18.Weneedtoimproveour______tomeetthemarketdemand.A.competitivenessB.capabilityC.efficiencyD.flexibility19.Thereportprovidesa______analysisofthecurrenteconomicsituation.A.comprehensiveB.superficialC.biasedD.incomplete20.His______approachtoproblem-solvingishighlyeffective.A.innovativeB.traditionalC.outdatedD.passive3.上下文词汇Directions:Completethesentencewiththemostappropriateword.21.Theconferencewill______nextmonthinTokyo.A.holdB.takeplaceC.occurD.commence22.Thecompany's______istoexpanditsmarketshareglobally.A.missionB.goalC.objectiveD.purpose23.Thenewpolicywill______thecompany'soperationssignificantly.A.impactB.affectC.influenceD.alter24.Theteam'sperformancehasbeen______byseveralkeymembersleavingthecompany.A.weakenedB.strengthenedC.improvedD.enhanced25.Thereporthighlightstheneedforbetter______betweendepartments.A.coordinationB.communicationC.collaborationD.cooperation第三部分：综合填空题（共10题，每题2分，合计20分）说明：本部分题目要求考生根据上下文填入合适的单词，考察词汇和语法综合运用能力。Directions:Fillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewords.26.Thecompany's______intheAsianmarkethasbeenimpressive.(填：presence)27.Weneedto______ourstrategiestoadapttothechangingmarketconditions.(填：adjust)28.ThenewCEOhasa______backgroundinfinanceandtechnology.(填：strong)29.Theprojectwas______duetoinsufficientfunding.(填：delayed)30.His______approachtonegotiationhashelpedthecompanysecureseveralkeycontracts.(填：aggressive)31.Thereportprovidesa______analysisofthecompany'sfinancialperformance.(填：detailed)32.Theteam's______hasbeenevidentintherecentsuccessoftheproject.(填：effort)33.Thecompany's______istobecomeagloballeaderintheindustry.(填：ambition)34.Thenewpolicywill______thecompany'soperationssignificantly.(填：affect)35.Theconferencewill______nextmonthinLondon.(填：takeplace)第四部分：改错题（共10题，每题2分，合计20分）说明：本部分题目要求考生找出句子中的错误并改正。Directions:Identifytheerrorinthesentenceandcorrectit.36.Shedidn'tfinishedherreportontime.Error:finished→Correct:finishedCorrectsentence:Shedidn'tfinishherreportontime.37.Themeetingwillstartsat3PM.Error:starts→Correct:startCorrectsentence:Themeetingwillstartat3PM.38.IfIwereyou,Iwillapologizeimmediately.Error:will→Correct:wouldCorrectsentence:IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizeimmediately.39.Thereportwaswritebythemarketingteam.Error:write→Correct:writtenCorrectsentence:Thereportwaswrittenbythemarketingteam.40.Bythetimeyouarrive,wewillhavefinishtheproject.Error:finish→Correct:finishedCorrectsentence:Bythetimeyouarrive,wewillhavefinishedtheproject.41.Thecompanywhichfoundedin1998isnowagloballeader.Error:founded→Correct:wasfoundedCorrectsentence:Thecompanywhichwasfoundedin1998isnowagloballeader.42.Shelovesreadingbooksthattelltruestories.Error:Noerror.43.ThemanIspoketolastnightismynewboss.Error:Noerror.44.Thehotelwherewestayedlastyearhasbeenrenovated.Error:Noerror.45.Thedecisionwhichthecommitteemadelastweekwillaffectourfutureplans.Error:which→Correct:thatCorrectsentence:Thedecisionthatthecommitteemadelastweekwillaffectourfutureplans.答案与解析第一部分：语法结构题1.1.C;2.A;3.A;4.B;5.A解析：-1.将来时态，表示计划中的动作。-2.被动语态，过去时态。-3.将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间点完成的动作。-4.虚拟语气，与现在事实相反。-5.将被动语态，将来时态。2.6.A;7.A;8.A;9.A;10.B解析：-6.定语从句，先行词是公司，指物，用which。-7.定语从句，先行词是books，指物，用which。-8.定语从句，先行词是man，指人，用who。-9.定语从句，先行词是hotel，指物，用where。-10.定语从句，先行词是decision，指物，用that。第二部分：词汇应用题11.A;12.A;13.B;14.B;15.C16.A;17.B;18.A;19.A;20.A21.B;22.C;23.A;24.A;25.B解析：-11.boost：提升；reduce：减少；slowdown：减缓；maintain：维持。-12.achieved：实现；failed：失败；abandoned：放弃；neglected：忽视。-13.declined：下降；increased：增加；stabilized：稳定；fluctuated：波动。-14.clear：清晰的；confusing：令人困惑的；concise：简洁的；accurate：准确的。-15.chaotic：混乱的；successful：成功的；productive：有成效的；organized：有组织的。-16.strong：强大的；weak：弱的；diverse：多样的；limited：有限的。-17.minor：小的；major：大的；temporary：暂时的；insignificant：无意义的。-18.competitiveness：竞争力；capability：能力；efficiency：效率；flexibility：灵活性。-19.comprehensive：全面的；superficial：表面的；biased：有偏见的；incomplete：不完整的。-20.innovative：创新的；traditional：传统的；outdated：过时的；passive：被动的。-21.takeplace：发生；occur：发生；commence：开始。-22.objective：目标；goal：目标；purpose：目的；mission：使命。-23.impact：影响；affect：影