国开电大本科《管理英语3》一平台机考阅读理解选择题题库2026珍藏版

PAGEPAGE1国家开放大学本科《管理英语3》一平台机考总题库说明：资料整理于2026年2月,适用于国家开放大学本科学员一平台期末机考考试。第三大题阅读理解选择题题库本大题共包含5小题,每小题4分,共计20分。阅读短文,从A、B、C三个选项中选择一个正确答案。首字音序A★Aquestionthatoftentroublesfoodcompaniesishowtocontrolproblemslikeratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.Pestcontrolexpertssaypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymayenterfood.Theysaythefirstlineofdefenseagainstpestsistocleantheplaceswherethefoodishandledorstored.Floors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolscanbedisinfectedwithchemicalslikechlorine,iodineorbromine.Foodcontainersshouldbestoredabouthalfameteroffthegroundandabouthalfameterawayfromanywalls.Storageareasshouldbekeptdryandclean.Containersforrawmaterialssuchasrice,wheat,etc.shouldbekeptclosedandclean.Anyfoodstuffsplitduringdeliveryorhandlingshouldbeclearedupbothinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Pestsenterabuildingfromtheoutside,sopayattentiontoouterwalls.Smallstonescanbeusedtocoverthegroundandblockthegrowthofplantsandthegrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive.Checkthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.Alsoanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuildingshouldbefilled.Ratscanenterthroughaholethesizeofacoin.Amousecanpassthroughaholehalfthatsize.Supervisorsshouldmakealistofpestcontrolmeasurestobetakenbyemployees.Thiswillaidtheeffortsandalsohelpprepareforanyinspections.Inmostcountries,thereisafoodanddrugadministrationbureau,orsomeagencywithasimilarname,whichenforcesrulesnationwide,responsibleforrulesabouttheuseofpesticides,etc.However,businesseswherefoodisstored,preparedorsoldmustalsofollowstateandlocalhealthlaws.Mostofthesegovernmentaldepartmentsorbureaushavetheirwebsiteswithinformationaboutfoodsafetypoliciesandotherissues.Peoplecaneasilyaccesstheinformation.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆Where,accordingtoPestcontrolexperts,shouldpoisonsneverbeused?A.Wherefoodmaybecontaminated.[单选题]◆Fromthetext,weknowthatlikechlorine,iodineorbromineareall_________.B.chemicals[单选题]◆Outerwallsarebuilt________.A.topreventpestsfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.[单选题]◆Whyisitnecessaryforsupervisorstomakealistofpestcontrolmeasures?C.Tohelpcontrolpestsandhelpprepareforanyinspection.[单选题]◆Theresponsibilitiesofafoodanddrugadministrationbureauare_________.A.tosetuprulesabouttheuseofpesticidesandenforcesthemalloverthecountry.★Asyouresearchmusic,youwillfindmusicthatisfamiliartoyou.Youwillfindmusicwhichtellsofinterestingplacesandexcitingthingstodo.Youwillfindmusicwhichexpressesfeelingsthatareoftenyourown.Musicisanexpressionofthepeople.Asyouresearch,youwillfindmusicofpeopleatworkandplay.Youwillfindmusicexpressingloveofthecountry,loveofnature,andloveofhomeMusicisalsoanexpressionofthecomposer.Thecomposerexpresseshisownmusicalideas.Hestudiesthematerialsofmusicanddiscoverswaysofusingthem.Helooksfornewkindsofmusicalexpression.Musiccansuggestactionsandfeelingswhichweallshare.Wecanenjoyplayingandsingingmusic,dancingandlisteningtothemusicofthepeopleandthecomposersofdifferenttimesandplaces.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆Inthefirstparagraph,theauthortellsusto_______.A.findentertainment(娱乐)inmusicB.befriendlytomusicC.expressyourfeelingsinmusic[单选题]◆Fromthesecondparagraphweknowthat_______.A.youmaylistentomusicatworkoratplayB.musicsingsofthecountry,natureandhomeC.musiccanexpresshowpeopleliveworkandthink[单选题]◆Bymeansofmusic,thecomposerwishesthat_______.A.youwouldstudywiththemB.youwouldexpressyourownfeelingsC.youwouldsharehisfeelingsandideas[单选题]◆Thelastparagraphshowsthatmusicmakesitpossible_______.A.themusiccanexpressactionsandfeelingsatthesametimeB.bringunderstandingbetweenpeopleofdifferenttimesandplacesC.thatpeopleofdifferenttimeandplacescangettogether[单选题]◆WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue.Musicexpresses_______.A.people’sloveofthecountryB.peoplesmusicalideasC.thecomposer’sfeelings★AstheNationalParkServicecelebratesits100thanniversary(周年纪念),PresidentBarackObamahasannouncedtheestablishmentofonenewnationalmonument,andtheexpansion(扩大)ofanother.InMaine,morethan87,500acresofforestwillbecomegovernment-protectedparklandforthefirsttime.InHawaii,anationalmonumentcreatedbyPresidentGeorgeW.Bushin2006willexpandtoabout582,578squaremiles,fourtimesitscurrentsize.Obamahasnowcreatedorenlarged26nationalmonumentsduringhispresidency.Asaresult,hisadministrationsays,Obamahasprotectedmoreofthenation’slandthananyotherpresidenthas.Butsomeresidentsandofficials,inbothMaineandHawaii,objecttotheplans.Theysaytheirlocaleconomiesdependontheuseoftheseareas.Inestablishingthismonument,Obamatookthesideofconservationists(自然资源保护者)whowantlawstoprotectwildlands.CreatinganationalparkusuallyrequirestheapprovalofCongress.Buta1906federallawallowsthepresidenttoestablishnationalmonumentsonhisown.Theland’snewstatusasamonumentmeansthatmininganddrillingoperationsareforbiddenthere.Itmayalsoseverelylimitactivitiessuchaslogging,road-building,andhunting.SomeofMaine’spoliticianswhowanttoprotectthestate’sloggingindustriessayObamashouldnothaveactedalone.TheysayWashingtonshouldnottellthestateshowtousetheirland,especiallywhenpeople’sjobsareatstake.MainepoliticianSusanCollinssaidthepresidentshouldhavelistenedtoMainelawmakersandresidents,aswellastotheU.S.Congressbeforemakinghisdecision.However,thosewhosupportthepresident’sdecisionsaytheestablishmentofthenewmonumentwillleadtonewjobsthroughtourism.[单选题]◆Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?C.CreatingNewNationalMonuments[单选题]◆Obamahasestablishedorenlarged__________nationalmonumentsduringhistwoterms.C.26[单选题]◆Innationalmonuments,__________isforbidden.B.mining

[单选题]◆Thephrase“atstake”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto_________.C.indanger[单选题]◆Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A.ThereisnoobjectiontoPresidentObama’sdecision.首字音序D★Dinnercustomsaredifferentaroundtheworld.IfyouareadinnerguestinGhana,thisinformationwillhelpyoualot.InGhanadinnerisusuallyfromfourintheafternoontosixintheevening.Buttherearenostrictrulesabouttime.Wheneveraguestarrives,afamilyoffersfood.Whenyougotoahome,thepersonwhoreceivesgueststakesyoutothelivingroomfirst.Atthistimeeveryonewelcomesyou.Thenyougotothediningroom.Thereyouwashyourhandsinabowlofwater.Allthefoodisonthetable.InGhanayouusuallyeatwithyourfingers.Youeatfromthesamedishaseveryoneelse.Butyoueatfromonesideofthedishonly.Itisnotpolitetogetfoodfromtheothersideofthedish.Afterdinner,youwashyourhandsagaininabowlofwater.MostmealsinGhanahaveadishcalledfufu.PeopleinGhanamakefufufromthepowderofsomeplants.Sometimestheycutthefufuwithasawbecauseitisveryhard.Youmustchewfufuwell,oryoumaygetsick.Youeatfufuwiththefingersofyourrighthandonly.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆FromthepassageweknowthatinGhana_________.A.therulesfordinnertimearenotstrictB.dinnerisalwaysatsixintheeveningC.afamilyoffersfoodonlyatfourintheafternoon[单选题]◆IfyouareadingerguestinGhana,thehost(主人)alwaystakesyouto_________.A.thediningroomfirstB.thelivingroomfirstC.thekitchenfirst[单选题]◆PeopleinGhanausuallyeat_________.A.fromonesideofadishtotheotherB.withtheirfingersC.withtheirspoons[单选题]◆Infact,mostdishesinGhana_________.A.havefufuinthemB.aretoohardtoeatC.areveryhard[单选题]◆Whenyoueatfufu,you’dbetter_________.A.useyourrighthandonlyB.chewitwellC.alloftheabove★Door-knockingisthemosteffectivewayofmakingface-to-facecommunitycontact,butithasbecomealostart.Withtherecentfocusoncustomerprivacy,door-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople’slives.Butthosewhotryitforthefirsttimeareusuallysurprisedbythepleasantreceptiontheyreceive.Herearesomesuggestionsthatwillhelpyoupromoteyourservicesface-to-face.BEFOREYOUGOOUT◆BEGINWITHADOORHANGERTryleavingadoorhangertwodaysbeforeyougodoor-knocking.Itshouldbrieflydescribetheprojectandsaythatsomeonewillbearoundinperson.◆WEARANOFFICIALNAMETAGDoor-knockersshouldwearnametagswiththelogooftheirorganization.Thebestnametagswillalsoincludeacolorphotoandthenameofthecaller.◆HAVEPEOPLEKNOCKTHEIROWNBLOCKSTheeasiestwaytododoor-knockingistotryyourlocalareafirst.Beinganeighborcreatesanimmediateconnectionwiththepersonansweringthedoor;afterthat,everythingelseiseasy.◆FINDAGOODEXCUSETODOOR-KNOCKAshortsurveyaboutlocalconcernsoracurrentprojectisagoodexcuse.Figureoutresponsesforvarioussituations.WhatifthepersonwhoanswersthedoorcannotspeakEnglish?Whatifachildanswersthedoor?WHENYOUGOOUT◆WHENTOGOANDWHATTODOFIRSTThebesttimestoknockareusuallySaturdays.Onotherdays,afterdinnerisideal.Whensomeoneanswersthedoor,smileandintroduceyourself;sayyouareavolunteerand,ifithelps,statewhereyoulive.Givethenameofyourorganizationand,briefly,thereasonforthevisit.◆STATEWHATACTIONTHEOTHERPERSONSHOULDTAKEANDTHEBENEFITSTellthepersonwhattheyneedtodoandhowtheiractionswillbenefitthemselvesandothers.Ifapersonhesitates,emphasizebenefitsyou’vealreadymentionedandthen,ifnecessary,addfurtherbenefits.Ifapersonagrees,followupimmediately.Ifpossible,getadonation,asignature,orapromise.◆RECORDCONTACTINFORMATIONONTHESPOTRecordnames,addresses,e-mailaddresses,phonenumbers,andresponsestoquestionsonthespot.Youwon’trememberthemlater!特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆Whydoestheauthorsaythatdoor-knockinghasbecomealostart?A.Itisnoteffective,noonewilltakethismethodanymore.B.Peoplefocusonprivacyincreasingly,sodoor-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople’slivesC.Itisverydifficulttododoor-knocking,nooneknowshowtodoitnow.[单选题]◆Whichstepshouldbefirstlytakenwhenyoutrydoor-knocking?A.Findagoodexcusetodoor-knockB.WearanofficialnametagC.Leaveadoorhanger[单选题]◆Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseonthespotmean?A.withoutdelayB.atsomeplaceC.inadifficultsituation[单选题]◆Whichtimeisnotappropriatefordoorknocking?A.Saturdayafternoon.B.Mondaymorning.C.Thursdayevening.[单选题]◆Whowillreceivepleasantreceptionwhentheytrydoor-knocking?A.Astrangerwhoisnotlivinginthiscommunityandgivesnonoticeforhis/hervisit.B.Anoffensiveacquaintancewhocomesatanytime.C.Aneighborwhodoesgoodpreparationandhassignificantprojecttointroduce.首字音序H★HumanResourcesManagement(HRM)istheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsinanorganization.Thesetwoprocessesareimportantinthesuccessandgrowthofabusiness.Inmanagingpeople,staffingisthemostimportantcomponentofHRM.Itneedstomakeguidelinesandproceduresforhiringandplacement.Staffingalsoinvolvesthemanagementofemployeesonmatterslikemonitoringofholidays,absences,healthandsafety,disciplinaryaction,anddismissal.AnotherimportantelementofHRMinmanagingpeopleiskeepingtheemployeesinthecompany.Thetrainingofemployeestoenablethemtoimprovetheircareerdevelopmentisveryimportant.GoodHRMpoliciesensurethatthereareclearregulationswhichshowthepaylevelsforthedifferentpositionsinanorganization.Itisimportantforthestafftoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthatareavailabletothem.PerformancemanagementisanotherimportantcomponentofHRM.Thereasonforthisisthatmanyemployersuseittoevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.ThesecondaryroleofHRMisthemanagementoftherelationshipsamongpeopleinanorganization.Thisincludesstaffwithindepartmentsaswellasacrossthewholeorganization.Therelationshipbetweenstaffandmanagementisanimportantfactorinthesuccessofanorganization.Itdecideshowfastanorganizationwillrealizetheirgoals.ThefocusofHRMisthepeoplewithinanorganization.Regularplanning,monitoringandevaluationareimportantforthesuccessofHRM.Successfulmanagementensuresthatallemployeesknowtheirrole,careerdevelopmentandalsofeelpartofanorganization.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆______is/areimportantinthesuccessofabusiness.A.TeamworkspiritandhighsalaryB.TheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsC.Talentsandtheirgoals[单选题]◆ThemostimportantcomponentofHRMis______.A.staffingB.planningC.monitoring[单选题]◆Accordingtothepassage,itisimportantfortheemployeestoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthrough_______.A.noticesB.policiesC.advertisements[单选题]◆Wecanuse______toevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.A.staffingB.HRMpoliciesC.performancemanagement[单选题]◆_______isNOTmentionedinthetextaboutthesuccessofHRM.A.RegularplanningandmonitoringB.EvaluationC.Training首字音序I★I’mMichaelBush,ManagingDirectorofHoogleEngineering.IampleasedtowelcomeyouheretoourwebsiteandI’dliketotellyoualittleaboutthecompanyanditsorganization.HoogleEngineeringwassetupin1960.Itwasdividedintoseveraldepartmentsatthattime,suchasthesalesdepartment,marketingdepartment,andproductiondepartment.Lotsofmanagerswereemployedtomanageitall.Fortunatelythingsaredifferentnow.SixtypeopleareemployedbyHoogleandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsisconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofthebusiness.Themarketisglobalsoweneedtomakecontactwithcustomersworldwide,notjustlocally.Butintheolddayswewereallindifferentdepartmentsandneverspoketoeachother.Wehadatallstructure.Traditionallywehadpeopleatthefirstlevelontheshopfloor,manufacturingproductsaccordingtotheinstructionswhichtheyweregiven.Thenyouhadasupervisorylevelofpeoplewhosupervisedthemeveryday.Thenyoumoveduptothemiddlemanagement,whoweredoingthetasksofgettingnewbusiness,andthenyouhadtheseniormanagementteam,andthenyouhadtheboard,whodecidedthebusinessstrategy.Sotherewerealotoflevelsinthecompanyintheolddaysactually.Thestructuretodayisthatweformteamswithinteamstoplacepeoplewhocanmanufactureaproduct.Eachteamhasmembersthatcanmanufacturedifferentproducts.Theactualteamsnowareself-managing,sowedon’tevenhaveteamleaders.You’vegottheteams,andthenyou’vegottwopeople,onlytwopeople,whoarewhatyouthinkofasmanagement.Thisisgenerallycalledflatstructure.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆HoogleEngineeringwassetupin_________.A.thenineteenthcenturyB.thetwentiethcenturyC.thetwentyfirstcentury[单选题]◆Therearemanydifferent_________ofmanagementinatallstructure.A.kindsB.levelsC.functions[单选题]◆Peopleinaflatstructureusuallyworkin_________.A.departmentsB.familiesC.teams[单选题]◆WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？A.communicationinthecompanvisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantB.theauthorthinksthetwostructureshavethesamefunctionsC.therearemoreindividualresponsibilitiesintheflatstructure[单选题]◆Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？

A.OraanizationStructureinhoogleEngineeningB.HistorvofHooaleEngineeringC.SuccessinHoogleengineering首字音序M★MostofusknowabouttheNobelPrize,especiallytheNobelPeacePrize.butfewofusknowanythingaboutthemanwhosetthemup.HisnamewasAlfredNobel.Hewasagreatscientistandinventorhimself.Besides,hehadabigbusiness.Hisbusinessmaysurpriseyou.Hemadeandsoldexplosives.Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons.isn’tthissomethingthatsurprisesyou?ThemanwhomademoneyfromweaponsshouldsetupthePeacePrize?ThoughAlfredNobelhadalotofmoneyfromweapons,hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.HewasoneoftherichestinEurope.Whenhediedin1896,heleftbehindhimalotofmoneyandhisfamouswillAccordingtohiswill,mostofhismoneywasplacedinafund.Hewantedtheinterestfromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.TheNobelPrizesareinternational.AlfredNobelwantedthewinnerstobechosenfortheirwork,notthecountrytheycamefrom.AlfredNobelhadgivenhiswholelifetohisstudiesandworkandtothebenefitsofmankind.Hemademoneyallbyhisownefforts,buthelefttheworldsharehiswealth.Hisinventionsandwealthstaywiththeworldforever.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆Alfred’sbusinesswas_________.A.makingandsellingexplosivesB.makingexplosivesandsellingweaponsC.makingweaponsandsellingexplosives[单选题]◆NobelwantedtosetuptheNobelPeacePrizebecause_________.A.hemadeenoughmoneyB.hehatedwarC.hewantedtogetmoreinterestfromthefund[单选题]◆NobelPrizescomefrom_________.A.allNobel’smoneyinthefundB.allNobel’smoneyinhiscompanyC.alltheinterestfromthefund[单选题]◆Nobelwasa(an)_________personintheworld.A.unselfishB.kind-heartedC.interesting[单选题]◆WhichstatementofthefollowingisRightaccordingtothepassage?A.NobelPrizesareonlyforsomepeoplefromsomespecialcountries.B.MostofNobel’smoneywasusedfortheworldWars.C.Nobelworkedhardinhislifeandsavedlotsofmoneyfortheworldtoshare.首字音序O★Ofallthefamilymembers,grandparentsareprobablytheleastvalued.Theyarejustthepeoplewhohavealwaysbeenaround.Theymakeafussoverthechildreninthefamily,showofftotheirfriendstheachievementsofthischildorthatchild,andshowcountlesspicturesofnewbabies.Grandfatherscanfixanythingandgrandmothersalwayshavehomemadebiscuitsaround.Whenyouaresmall,itisfuntostaywithyourgrandparentsbecausetheyalwaysletyoudothingsyoucan’tdoathome,andofcourse,theybuyyouthings.Theyarealwaysabletobaby-sitbecausetheydon’tgooutmuchandactuallyprefertoseetheirgrandchildren.Theyareusuallygoodforasmallloannowandthenthatdoesnotneedtobepaidbackbecausetheyturneditintoagift.Yourespectfullylistentotheiradvicebutdonotfollowitbecausetheyareoldanddonotunderstandhowthingsareinthisdayandage.Youthankthempolitelyforwhattheydoforyou,andthendonotcallorvisitthemuntilyouneedsomethingelse.And,ofcourse,younevertellthemhowdeartheyaretoyoubecausetheyknowhowyoufeelaboutthemanyway.Thenallofasudden,theyarenolongertheretodothethingsthatonlygrandparentscando,andyoufindyourselfwishingthatyouhadtoldthemwhattheymeanttoyouaspeopleandnotasgrandparents.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆Whatisthepositionofgrandparentsinthefamily?A.Theyaretheleastimportantmembersofthefamily.B.Theyarethemostimportantmembersofthefamily.C.Theyaretheonesatwhomtheirchildrenorgrandchildrenusuallylaugh.[单选题]◆Whatdograndparentsneverdo?A.Lookingaftertheirgrandchildren.B.Buyingtheirgrandchildrenthings.C.Tellingtheirgrandchildrenhowdeartheyaretothem.[单选题]◆Whydon’tchildrenneedtopaybacktheloanfromtheirgrandparents?A.Grandparentsturntheloanintoagift.B.Theirparentspaybacktheloanforthem.C.Theirgrandparentsdiedbeforetheyhaveenoughmoneytopayitback.[单选题]◆Whydon’tchildrentaketheirgrandparents’advice?A.Theiradviceisnotofanyhelpinthepresentsituation.B.Theydon’tliketheadviceitself.C.Followingtheiradvicewillmakethemactlikeoldpeople.[单选题]◆Howdochildrenfeelaftertheirgrandparentsdied?A.Theyfeelsorrythatgrandparentsaretheleastvaluedinthefamily.B.Theymissthemverymuchbecausenoonedoesthethingsthatonlygrandparentsdo.C.Theyregrettheydidn’texpresstheirtruefeelingstothem.★OnChristmasEve-thenightbeforeChristmasDay-childrenalloverBritainputastockingattheendoftheirbedsbeforetheygotosleep.TheirparentsusuallytellthemthatFatherChristmaswillcomeduringthenight.FatherChristmasisverykindandhearted.Hegetstothetopofeachhouseandclimbsdownthechimneyintothefireplace.HefillseachofthestockingswithChristmaspresents.Ofcourse,FatherChristmasisn’treal.InJimandKate’shouse,“FatherChristmas”isreallyMrGreen.MrGreendoesn’tclimbdownthechimney.Hewaitsuntilthechildrenareasleep.Thenhequietlygoesintotheirbedroomsandfillstheirstockingswithsmallpresents.Whentheywereveryyoung,MrGreensometimesworearedcoat.Buthedoesn’tdothatnow.Thechildrenarenolongeryoung,andtheyknowwho“FatherChristmas”reallyis.Buttheystillputtheirstockingsattheendoftheirbeds.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆ChristmasEveis_________.A.ChristmasDayB.theeveningofChristmasDayC.thenightbeforeChristmasDay[单选题]◆FatherChristmasoftenputspresents_________.A.intochildren’shatsB.underchildren’sbedsC.intochildren’sstockings[单选题]◆Whenthechildrenwereveryyoung,_________.A.theyknewthatFatherChristmaswasn’trealB.theydidn’tknowwhoFatherChristmaswasC.theythoughttheirfatherwasFatherChristmas[单选题]◆Whenthechildrenareolder,they_________.A.knowthatFatherChristmasisreallytheirfatherB.asktheirmothertofilltheirstockingswithpresentsC.knowthatFatherChristmasisreal[单选题]◆FatherChristmascomesintothehousethroughthe_________.A.windowB.backdoorC.chimney★Oneday,PresidentLincolnwenttoaparty,Atthegathering,amancalledDouglaswasrepeatedlytalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlifeandsayingthathefirstmetLincolnwhenhewasashopassistantatavillageshop.Finallyhesaid,“AndMr.Lincolnwasaverygoodwaitertoo.”Peopleburstintolaughter,buttheyquieteddownwhenMr.Lincolnsaidquietly.“Gentlemen,whatMr.Douglashassaidistrue.Ididkeepagrocery,andIdidsellcotton,candlesandcigars,andsometimeswhisky.ButIrememberthatinthosedaysMr.Douglaswasoneofmybestcustomers.IoftenstoodononesideofthecounterandsoldwhiskytoMr.Douglasontheotherside,butthedifferencebetweenusnowis:Ihaveleftmysideofthecounter,butMr.Douglasstillstickstohisasfirmlyasever.”特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆WherewasDouglastalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife?A.Atameeting,B.Inarestaurant,C.Athome,[单选题]◆WhywasDouglasrepeatedlytalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife?A.BecausehewasfriendlytoLincoln.B.BecausehewantedotherstolookdownuponLincoln.C.BecausehewantedtotellotherpeopleaboutLincoln’shonestyasashopassistant.[单选题]◆HowdidLincolnwintheoralcompetition?A.Hewonitbytellingofhislowpositioninlifeinhisearlydays.B.HewonitbysayingDouglaswastellinglies.C.HewonitbycomparinghispresentpositionwithDouglas.[单选题]◆Whatdoyousupposethesentence“Mr.Douglasstillstickstohisasfirmlyasevermeans?”________.A.Douglaswasstillstandingontheothersideofthecounter.B.Douglasremainedadrunkard(酒鬼)andhadnotchangedabit.C.DouglaswasstilltalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife.[单选题]◆Thestoryimpliesthat___________.A.Don’tlookdownuponother’spastexperience.B.Itisnotgoodtoarguewithothers.C.Everyoneshoulddohisworkwell.首字音序Q★THEHISTORYOFQUALITYCONTROL★Qualitycontrolisaseriesofactivitiesthatensureandimprovethequalityofproductsandservice.Theterm’qualitycontrol’cameintocommonuseinthe1950sbecauseofW.EdwardDeming.His’FourteenPoints’havebecomethebibleforqualitycontrolspecialists.Whenthepost-warworldreturnedtoregularmanufacturing,Demingsaidthatinspectingproductqualityaftertheyweremadewasunacceptable.Instead,heproposedaprocessknownas’statisticalqualitycontrol’.Itwouldusecloselymonitoredperformancemeasurestocontrolqualitywhileaproductwasbeingmade.Thegoalofstatisticalqualitycontrolwastogatherdatathatwouldallowfortheconstantimprovementofmanufacturingprocesses.Thiswouldinturnimprovequalitycontrol.AnotherimportantprincipleofDeming’sbeliefswasthatuppermanagementshouldberesponsibleforqualityfailures.Hestronglybelievedthatitwaspossiblefortheworkerstoworkhardtoproducethehighestqualityproductsiftheyweregiventherighttoolsandworkingenvironment.InDeming’sownwords,’thebasiccauseofsicknessinAmericanindustryandtheresultingunemploymentisafailureoftopmanagementtomanage.’Hebelievedthatstrongleadershipledtoamotivatedworkforce.Ifstrongleadershipisthetermformanagersinaqualityenvironment,thenempowermentisthekeyconceptforworkersinDeming’ssystem.Improvededucationandtrainingarekeyfactorsinreachingemployeesandmakingthembelievethattheirincreasedparticipationintheworkprocessisanessentialpartofimprovingquality.Involvement,participation,andteamworkareseenasabsolute’musthaves’ifaqualityworkplaceistobecreated.TheJapanesewerethefirsttouseDeming’sFourteenPoints,andmadegreatsuccess.Asanexample,oneJapanesefactorydoubledproductioninjustoneyearandwasexpectingtogainanadditional25percentimprovementthefollowingyear,withnoincreaseintheamountofworkinghours.Allthishappenedasaresultofsimplyimprovingquality.Itwasinthelate1970sthatAmericanmanufacturingfactoriesrealizedthatqualitycontrolwasasignificantissue.Bythattime,JapanesefirmssuchasHondaandSonyweretakingoverlargeportionsoftheAmericanconsumermarketwhileittookmostAmericanfirmsuntilthe1990stoputqualitycontrolpracticesinplace.特别提醒：本题共5个小题,需要拉动答题框右边的滚动条使5个试题显示出来做答！！[单选题]◆AccordingtoW.EdwardDeming,whatisthebesttimetocontrolproductquality?A.Beforeaproductismade.B.Afteraproductismade.C.Duringtheproductionprocess.[单选题]◆Whentherearequalityfailures,wheredoesW.EdwardDemingthinktheblamelies?A.Intheworkforce.B.Intheuppermanagement.C.Inthetools.[单选题]◆Whichofthefollowingwillnothelptocreateaqualityworkpla