广东省广州市天河区2024届高三下学期综合测试（二）英语试题（解析版）

第第页广东省广州市天河区2024届高三下学期综合测试（二）英语试题一、阅读理解阅读理解Someofthegreatestdiscoveriesinsciencehavebeencompletelyaccidental.Thenagain,maybesciencehadalittlehelp...IceCandyOneofAmerica'sfavoritesummertimetreatscameaboutthankstoaparticularlycoldnightintheSanFranciscoBayareain1905.That'swhen11-year-oldFrankEppersonforgotaglasscontainingpowderedsodamix,waterandawoodenstickoutatthedoorwayovernight.Thenextmorning,Frankdiscoveredthemixturehadfrozenaroundthestick.Hepoppeditoutofthecup,lickedit…andsummerswereneverthesame!SafetyGlassIn1903,FrenchchemistÉdouardBénédictusaccidentallydroppedaglassbottle.Tohissurprise,theglasscrackedbutwasn'tbrokenintopieces.Outofcuriosity,hecheckeditcarefully.Asitturnedout,thebottlehadn'tbeencleanedproperlyandwascoatedwithathinfilmofakindofliquidplastic.Ahappyaccidentledtothediscoveryofsafetyglass.YInMnBlueIn2009,MasSubramanian,aprofessorofmaterialsscienceatOregonStateUniversity,wastestingoutnewmaterialsforelectronicsinhislabwithgraduatestudents.Amixtureofmetalswentintothefurnace.Whatcameoutwasastrikingbluemixture.Thefirstnewbluesincecobalt(深蓝)wasdiscoveredin1802,iscalled"YInMnBlue."PenicillinIn1928,ScottishresearcherAlexanderFlemingreturnedtohislabafteratwo-weekvacationonlytodiscoverthatmold(霉菌)fromanopenwindowhadmadeanuncovereddishofbacteriadirty.Strangelyenough,themoldstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing,givingtheworlditsfirstantibiotic.1．Whichdiscoveryhasarelativelyshorthistory?A．Icecandy. B．Safetyglass.C．YInMnBlue. D．Penicillin.2．Whatdothefourdiscoverieshaveincommon?A．Sciencehelpedalot. B．Labexperimentslaidabasis.C．Theyweremadebyscientists. D．Theyweremadebychance.3．Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A．Sciencestudents. B．Curiosityseekers.C．Scienceresearchers. D．Thegeneralpublic.【答案】1．C2．D3．D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了几种意外的科学发明。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据IceCandy部分中的"OneofAmerica'sfavoritesummertimetreatscameaboutthankstoaparticularlycoldnightintheSanFranciscoBayareain1905."多亏了1905年旧金山湾区的一个特别寒冷的晚上，美国最受欢迎的夏季美食产生了；SafetyGlass部分中的"In1903,FrenchchemistÉdouardBénédictusaccidentallydroppedaglassbottle."1903年，法国化学家ÉdouardBénédictus不小心把一个玻璃瓶掉在了地上；YInMnBlue部分中的"In2009,MasSubramanian,aprofessorofmaterialsscienceatOregonStateUniversity,wastestingoutnewmaterialsforelectronicsinhislabwithgraduatestudents."2009年，Oregon州立大学的材料科学教授MasSubramanian正和毕业生一起在实验室测试新的电子材料；以及Penicillin部分中的"In1928,ScottishresearcherAlexanderFlemingreturnedtohislabafteratwo-weekvacationonlytodiscoverthatmold(霉菌)fromanopenwindowhadmadeanuncovereddishofbacteriadirty."1928年，苏格兰研究人员在休假两周后回到实验室，却发现了一扇开着窗户的霉菌把一盘没有盖子的细菌弄得很脏。可知，"银民蓝"出现的时间最短，故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Someofthegreatestdiscoveriesinsciencehavebeencompletelyaccidental."科学上一些伟大的发现完全是偶然；以及后文对这四个发明的具体介绍可知，这四个发明的共同点在于，它们都是偶然发现的，故选D。3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Someofthegreatestdiscoveriesinsciencehavebeencompletelyaccidental."科学上一些伟大的发现完全是偶然；以及下文对冰棒、安全玻璃、"银民蓝"、盘尼西林的介绍可知，这四个偶然发现的伟大发明都与生活相关的，其潜在读者为大众，是向大众介绍这些发明，故选D。阅读理解Occasionally,doctorsbecomepatientstoo.WhileIwouldn'twishill-healthonanyone,itcanbeaninspiringlessonformedicalprofessionalstosuddenlybeontheotherside.ThishappenedtomeafewmonthsagowhenIhadakidneystone,whichhaddecidedtomakeitsunwelcomepresenceknowninaratherromanticfashionjustasIwasgoingoutfordinner.ThepaincamefromabsolutelynowherebutwithinminutesIwasincapacitated.Iwasquitetakenabackbyhowastonishinglypainfulitwas.Asadoctor,Iinitiallyrefusedtobelievethatanythingwasseriouslywrong,becauseIhavewitnessedcountlessindividualscometotheemergencyroomconvincedtheyaredyingonlyfornothingmorethantrappedwindandthencreep(蹑手蹑脚)outastheyburp(打嗝)loudlyandthepaindisappears.However,theunbearablepaincontinuedtoexist,forcingmetoacknowledgethatthiswasindeedmorethanjustastubbornburp,Iwasparticularlypleasedtoreadafterwardsinamedicaltextbookthatrenalcolic,asthepainisknown,isthe"mostpainfuleventapersoncanendure,oftendescribedasbeingworsethanchildbirth."It'snowonderchronic(慢性的)paindrivespeoplemad.Whiledoctorstalkaboutpainanditsmanagement,it'shardtoputintowordshowexhaustingitreallyisuntilyou'veexperienceditforyourself.Duringmytimeinhospital,Iinteractedwithnumerousdoctors,eachexhibitingprofessionalismandkindnessbutonestuckoutinmymind.Hewasactuallythemostjuniorofthemall,butsomethingabouthismannerwasincrediblycalmingandcomforting.Wheneverhecametomybedtospeaktome,hekneltdownsohewasatmyeyelevel.Thissimpleactridmeofthestressthatotherhealthcareprofessionalsunintentionallyprojected.Justkneelingdownmadeallthedifference.Experiencingtherolereversalofdoctor-turned-patientprovidedmewithprofoundinsightsintotherealitiesofpainandeffectivepatientcare.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasetakenabackinparagraph2mean?A．Shocked. B．Impressed. C．Annoyed. D．Moved.5．Whatdidtheauthorinitiallythinkofthosepatientsintheemergencyroom?A．Pitiful. B．Understandable.C．Embarrassing. D．Ridiculous.6．Whatimpressedtheauthormostduringhisstayinhospital?A．Theintensepaincausedbythekidneystone.B．Asmallgesturebringingeaseandrelief.C．Stresscausedbythehealthcareworkers.D．Doctorswithprofessionalismandkindness.7．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A．Experiencemustbebought.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Putyourselfinsomeoneelse'sshoes.D．Healthisnotvaluedtillsicknesscomes.【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在经历了从医生到病人的角色转变后，对疼痛和有效的病人护理有了深刻的见解。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"byhowastonishinglypainfulitwas"可知，作者意识到了这种痛多么惊人，由此可推测，这里是说作者被这种惊人的痛苦给震惊到了。可推知划线词takenback意为"震惊"，和shocked意思相近。故选A。5．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Asadoctor,Iinitiallyrefusedtobelievethatanythingwasseriouslywrong,becauseIhavewitnessedcountlessindividualscometotheemergencyroomconvincedtheyaredyingonlyfornothingmorethantrappedwindandthencreep(蹑手蹑脚)outastheyburp(打嗝)loudlyandthepaindisappears."作为一名医生，我最初拒绝相信有什么严重的问题，因为我目睹了无数人来到急诊室，确信他们会仅仅因肠积气而死，然后当他们大声打了个嗝疼痛消失时就蹑手蹑脚出去了。可推知，作者目睹了无数病人因为小病小痛来到急诊室的表现，觉得他们的反应非常荒诞。故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Duringmytimeinhospital,Iinteractedwithnumerousdoctors,eachexhibitingprofessionalismandkindnessbutonestuckoutinmymind."在住院期间，我与许多医生互动，每一位医生都表现出专业精神和善良，但有一位医生在我脑海中挥之不去；以及"Thissimpleactridmeofthestressthatotherhealthcareprofessionalsunintentionallyprojected.Justkneelingdownmadeallthedifference."这个简单的举动让我摆脱了其他医疗专业人员无意中投射出来的压力。只是跪下来就完全不同了。可推测出，在住院时，一位医生的简单举动让作者感到放松和宽慰。故选B。7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"WhileIwouldn'twishill-healthonanyone,itcanbeaninspiringlessonformedicalprofessionalstosuddenlybeontheotherside."虽然我不希望任何人身体不好，但对于医疗专业人员来说，突然站在另一边可能是一个鼓舞人心的教训；以及最后一段"Experiencingtherolereversalofdoctor-turned-patientprovidedmewithprofoundinsightsintotherealitiesofpainandeffectivepatientcare."经历了医生转变为病人的角色转变，让我对疼痛和有效的病人护理的现实有了深刻的见解。可推知，由医生转变为病人的经历让作者明白了设身处地为病人着想的重要性。故选C。阅读理解USforestscouldbecomea"substantialcarbonsource"by2070,suggestingthatforestscouldworsenglobalwarminginsteadofeasingit,anewAgricultureDepartmentreportsays.USforestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofUScarbonemissions(释放),equaltothecombinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldemitupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissionsfromdecaying(腐烂)treesgobeyondtheircarbonabsorption.ThepredictionsuggeststhatthiswillrequiretheUStocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescience."Elevenpercentofourdomesticemissions.Thatisareallysignificantportion,"Rileysaid."Asweworktodecarbonize...forestsareoneofthegreatesttoolsavailable.Ifweweretolosethat,itmeanstheUSwillcontributethatmuchmore"inemissions.Thereportalsoassessesandpredictstheextentofrenewableresourcesprovidedbythenation'sforestsandundevelopedlandscapes,includingfarmlands,wetlandsandgrasslands.Accordingtothereport,thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterswhichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Developmentinforestedareas,whichthereportpredictswillcontinuetoincrease,ishavingthesameeffectaspeopleincreasinglymovetotheso-calledwildlandurbanareas.Agingforestsalsocontributeasolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andtheUSforestsarerapidlyaging.Moreaggressiveforestmanagementcanhelpbycuttingdownasmallportionofagingforeststomakewaysforyoungertreesthatabsorbmorecarbon.Athoroughstudyofeachforestshouldbedonebeforeremovingoldertrees,Rileysaid.8．WhycouldUSforestsbecomea"substantialcarbonsource"?A．Theyfailtoabsorbenoughcarbon.B．Theybegintoemitcarbonincreasingly.C．Theymayemitmorecarbonthanabsorb.D．Maturetreesoutnumberyoungtrees.9．WhichofthefollowingmayLynnRileyagreewith?A．USforestshavelosttheirroleincarbonabsorption.B．ItisurgentfortheUStoreducecarbonemissions.C．TheUShascontributedto11%carbonemissions.D．Thelossofforestscontributestolesscarbonemissions.10．Whatleadstothelossofcarbonabsorption?A．Impropertreespecies.B．Removalofagingtrees.C．Decreasingurbandevelopment.D．Frequentseverenaturaldisasters.11．Whichcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AgingForests—aMajorEmitterofCarbon.B．GrowingForests—aSolutiontoCarbonEmissions.C．ReducingForests—aThreattoGlobalWarming.D．DecayingForests—aConsequenceofGlobalWarming.【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段"USforestscouldbecomea"substantialcarbonsource"by2070,suggestingthatforestscouldworsenglobalwarminginsteadofeasingit,anewAgricultureDepartmentreportsays."美国农业部的报告称，到2070年，美国森林可能成为"重要的碳源"，这表明森林可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是减缓；以及第二段"USforestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofUScarbonemissions(释放),equaltothecombinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldemitupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissionsfromdecaying(腐烂)treesgobeyondtheircarbonabsorption.("美国森林目前吸收了美国11%的碳排放量，相当于40个燃煤发电厂的总排放量。它预测，森林吸收碳的能力将在2025年之后开始迅速下降，森林每年可能排放高达1亿吨的碳，因为腐烂的树木排放的碳超过了它们吸收的碳。可推知，美国森林成为"重要的碳源"是因为它能吸收很多的碳排放，但它的这种能力却在下降，因此由于它排放的碳比吸收的更多，从而导致它成为了"重要的碳源"，故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"ThepredictionsuggeststhatthiswillrequiretheUStocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescience."气候科学高级经理LynnRiley表示，这一预测表明，这将要求美国更快地减少碳排量，以实现零排放。可知，LynnRiley认为，美国应该立刻减少碳排量，故选B。10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Accordingtothereport,thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterswhichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise."根据该报告，碳吸收的损失在一定程度上是由自然灾害造成的，自然灾害的频率和强度都在增加。可知，碳吸收的损失在于频繁发生的自然灾害，故选D。11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"USforestscouldbecomea"substantialcarbonsource"by2070,suggestingthatforestscouldworsenglobalwarminginsteadofeasingit,anewAgricultureDepartmentreportsays."美国农业部的报告称，到2070年，森林可能成为"重要的碳源"，这表明森林可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是减缓；以及下文对美国森林的老化从而导致森林失去了吸收碳的能力可知，文章主要是讲随着树木的老化，森林正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，"老化的森林——碳的主要排放"适合作文章标题，故选A。阅读理解Artistseverywherearegetting"understandablynervous"aboutrecentadvancesinartificialintelligence.Lastmonth,awinnerofanartprizeattheColoradoStateFair"sparkedaviolentprotest"whenhepostedthenewsandexplainedthathe'dcreatedhisimageusinganAIprogram.Criticsquicklyaccused39-year-oldLanceAllenofcheating.Tobefair,Allenhadwoninthedigitalartcategoryandmadenosecretofhowtheimagehadbeenproduced.Buttherulesofartmakingareclearlychanging.Allen'screativeprocess,tobeclear,"wasnotapush-buttonoperation,"saidJasonBlaininForbes.Heclaimstohavespent80hoursonhisentry,firstonfine-tuninghistextprompts(提示),thenbytouchingupthefinalimageusingPhotoshopandsimilartools,thenarrangingtoprinttheimageoncanvas.HemadethefinishedproductusingAImuchasaphotographercreatesanimageusingacamera.ButAllen,atabletopgamedeveloper,isawedbyAI'scapabilitiesandurgesartistsandillustratorstowelcomethetechnologyratherthanfightit."Artisdead,"hesays."AIwon.Humanslost."Amoreinspiringlessontotakefromhisvictory,though,isthatimagegeneratorsarelikelyto"expandtheappreciationforandcreationofart"byopeningthefieldtopeople,likehim,whocouldneverdrawanythingasdetailedashisaward-winningimage."Ifanything,wewillhavemoreartists,"andasthetechnologyprogresses,"wemightseetheemergenceofartstylesthatnonehaveseenbefore."Youcan'tblametraditionalartistsifthey'reunhappy.Imagegeneratorsworktheirmagic,afterall,byanalyzingtheaesthetics(美学)ofmillionsofpre-existingimages.Oneofthemostcomplicatedimagegenerators"makescrystalclearjusthowdestructivethistechnologywillbe,"saidLozEliotinNewAtlas.Givenaspecificprompt,itcanproduceanimageofjustaboutanythingyoucanimagineandevenfollowthestyleofafavoriteartist'swork.Itsarrivalmarks"anincrediblepopularizationofvisualcreativity"whileaiming"aknifetotheheartofanyonewho'sspentdecadesimprovingtheirartistictechniqueshopingtomakealivingfromthem."12．WhyareartistsgettingnervousaboutAIrecently?A．AwinnerofanartprizeusedAI.B．LanceAllencheatedintheartcompetition.C．Thedigitalartwillsoondominate.D．Therewillbegreatchangesinartcreation.13．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph2?A．ItwasnoeasyworkforAllenevenwithAl.B．Allenworkedasaphotographercreatinganimage.C．AIplayedakeyroleinAllen'sartcreation.D．AlthoughwithAI,Allen'screationcountedalot.14．WhatlessoncanwedrawfromAllen'swinning?A．HumanhasbeenbeatenbyAI.B．AIwillmakeartmorepopular.C．Greaterartistsandnewartstyleswillappear.D．AIenablesamateurstowinartcompetitions.15．WhydoesLozEliotsaythenewtechnologywillbedestructive?A．Itworksbyanalyzingimagescreatedbyhuman.B．Itcanproduceimagesbeyondpeople'simagination.C．Itmakesartists'long-timeeffortmeaningless.D．Itmakesitimpossibleforartiststomakealiving.【答案】12．D13．A14．B15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了上个月，科罗拉多州博览会的一位艺术奖得主在他发布消息并解释他用AI创造后，引发了一场暴力抗议，这也标志着艺术创作的规则显然正在发生变化。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇艺术类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Artistseverywherearegetting‘understandablynervous'aboutrecentadvancesinartificialintelligence.Lastmonth,awinnerofanartprizeattheColoradoStateFair‘sparkedaviolentprotest'whenhepostedthenewsandexplainedthathe'dcreatedhisimageusinganAIprogram.Criticsquicklyaccused39-year-oldLanceAllenofcheating.Tobefair,Allenhadwoninthedigitalartcategoryandmadenosecretofhowtheimagehadbeenproduced.Buttherulesofartmakingareclearlychanging."世界各地的艺术家关于最近人工智能的最新进展感到"可以理解的紧张"。上个月，科罗拉多州博览会的一位艺术奖得主在他发布消息并解释他用AI创造后，引发了一场暴力抗议。批评者很快指出39岁LanceAllen的作弊。公平地说，Allen在数字创作类别中获胜，并毫不掩饰图像是如何产生的。但艺术创作的规则显然正在发生变化。可知，艺术家关于AI变得紧张是因为，39岁LanceAllen通过AI创作参加比赛并得奖，这就导致艺术创作的规则正在发生改变，故选D。13．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的"Allen'screativeprocess,tobeclear,‘wasnotapush-buttonoperation,'saidJasonBlaininForbes.Heclaimstohavespent80hoursonhisentry"JasonBlain在《福布斯》上提到，Allen的创作过程并不是一个按钮式的操作。他声称自己花了80个小时在参赛作品上。可知，这一段主要介绍Allen的AI创作不是一个按钮就解决的，而是通过80个小时的精心制作而成的，故选A。14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Amoreinspiringlessontotakefromhisvictory,though,isthatimagegeneratorsarelikelyto‘expandtheappreciationforandcreationofart'byopeningthefieldtopeople,likehim,whocouldneverdrawanythingasdetailedashisaward-winningimage.‘Ifanything,wewillhavemoreartists,'andasthetechnologyprogresses,‘wemightseetheemergenceofartstylesthatnonehaveseenbefore.'"从他的胜利中我们可以学到一个鼓舞人心的教训，图像生成器可能会"扩大对艺术的欣赏和创作"，向像他这种无法绘制出他获奖图像那样详细的东西的人开放这一领域。"如果有什么不同的话，那就是我们会有更多的艺术家"，随着技术的进步，"我们可能会看到前所未有的艺术风格的出现。"可知，从Allen获奖我们可以得出的教训就是，这会让艺术向更多的人开放，并出现前所未有的艺术风格，因此这都能让艺术变得更加流行，普遍，故选B。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Oneofthemostcomplicatedimagegenerators‘makescrystalclearjusthowdestructivethistechnologywillbe,'saidLozEliotinNewAtlas.Givenaspecificprompt,itcanproduceanimageofjustaboutanythingyoucanimagineandevenfollowthestyleofafavoriteartist'swork.Itsarrivalmarks‘anincrediblepopularizationofvisualcreativity'whileaiming‘aknifetotheheartofanyonewho'sspentdecadesimprovingtheirartistictechniqueshopingtomakealivingfromthem.'"LozEliot在《新地图集》中国说道，最复杂的图像生成器之一"清楚地表明了这项技术的破坏性"。只要有一个特定的提示，它就能生产出你能想象到的几乎任何东西的图像，甚至可以遵循你最喜欢的艺术家的作品的风格。它的到来标志着"视觉创作力的难以置信的普及"，同时"将一把刀对准那些花了几十年时间改进艺术技巧并希望以此谋生的人的心"。可知，LozEliot认为这项技术是具有破坏性的是因为，他认为这就是一把对准那些花了几十年时间改进艺术技巧并希望以此谋生的人的心的刀，仅仅一项技术就可以生产出你能想象的任何东西，同时也让长期创作的艺术家的努力变得毫无意义，故选C。阅读理解Doyoueverfindyourselfsavingthegoodthingsinlifeforsomedistantmomentinthefuture?Maybeyouhaveacollectionoffancyplatesthatonlyseethelightofdayonspecialoccasions,orperhapsyou'rewaitingfortheperfecttimetowearthatbeautifuldressputawayinyourcloset.16．InarecentconversationwithleadingpsychologistDr.AlisonMcClymont,weexploredtheideaofgivingourselvespermissiontoenjoythegoodthingsnow,ratherthanwaitingforanuncertainfuture.17．Sosavingpleasureforthefuturemaybepointless.Butwhydowefeeltheneedtosavethingsforbest?18．It'stypicallyBritishtosaveourcrockeryorclothesfor"special"occasions.Thismindsetmayhaveoriginatedfromtimeswhenresourceswerenotenoughandhasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.However,whenwefeelabundant,wearemorewillingtouseandappreciateourfavoritethingsregularly.Welcomingthejoyofeverydaylifecanbeseenasanactofself-love.Wearesupposedtosurroundourselveswiththingsthatbringushappiness,eveninordinarymoments.19．It'salsoaboutfindingwaystorenewourworth,fightingthenegativethoughtsthatwedon'tdeservetoenjoythegoodthingsinlife.20．Takeoutthosefancyplatesforasimpleweeknightdinner.Wearthatbeautifuldresstorunerrandsorpickupyourkidsfromschool.Celebratethesmallmomentsandmakethemextraordinary.Becauseintheend,lifeistooshorttodenyourselvesjoy.Let'sbreakfreefromthemindsetofwaitingfortheperfectmoment.Embracethejoyofeverydaylifeandmakeeverydayacelebration.A．So,whynotstartnow?B．Well,it'stimetoreconsider.C．Bydoingso,wecanboostouroverallwell-being.D．Afterall,therewillbemorehappinessinstoreforus.E．Actually,culturalandgenerationalfactorsplayacrucialrole.F．Thereasonmaybethatourwell-beingiscloselyrelatedtoabundance.G．Ifwedenyourselvessmallmomentsofjoy,wemaynevergetthemagain.【答案】16．B；17．G；18．E；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们总是将一些东西保存下来，以备后期使用，但作者却认为，我们应该在当下使用，才能发挥它最大的价值。备选项的中文意思：A.那么，为什么不现在就开始呢？B.嗯，是时候重新考虑了。C.这样做，我们可以提升整体幸福感。D.毕竟，更多的幸福在等着我们。E.实际上，文化和代际因素起着至关重要的作用。F.原因可能是我们的幸福感与富足密切相关。G.如果我们拒绝给自己享受小确幸的时刻，可能就再也没有这样的机会了。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1.看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2.首先快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3.精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4.看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5.解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。16．根据空前"Maybeyouhaveacollectionoffancyplatesthatonlyseethelightofdayonspecialoccasions,orperhapsyou'rewaitingfortheperfecttimetowearthatbeautifuldressputawayinyourcloset.(也许你收藏很多精美的餐盘，却只能在特殊场合使用它们，又或者你在等待最好的时机来穿你收藏在衣柜里的美丽裙子。)"和下段首句"InarecentconversationwithleadingpsychologistDr.AlisonMcClymont,weexploredtheideaofgivingourselvespermissiontoenjoythegoodthingsnow,ratherthanwaitingforanuncertainfuture.(在最近和心理学家Dr.AlisonMcClymont的谈话中，我们探索了允许我们自己此刻就享受好的东西的想法，而不是等到特定的未来。)"可知，空前提到了我们总是会将好的东西收藏起来，却很少使用，空后谈到了心理学家Dr.AlisonMcClymont提出要即刻就享受好东西的想法，故B项"嗯，是时候重新考虑了。"符合语境，承上启下，承接上文收藏的好东西总是很少用，引出下文心理学家Dr.AlisonMcClymont提出要即刻就享受好东西的想法，故选B。17．根据空后"Sosavingpleasureforthefuturemaybepointless.(把快乐留给未来就变得无意义了。)"可知，空后是G项"如果我们拒绝给自己享受小确幸的时刻，可能就再也没有这样的机会了。"的顺义承接，前后互为因果关系，如果我们不让自己享受快乐的小时候，我们可能就再难获得它了，因此把快乐留给未来就会变得毫无意义，故选G。18．根据空前"Butwhydowefeeltheneedtosavethingsforbest?(但是我们为什么有必要将东西保存到最好呢？)"和空后"It'stypicallyBritishtosaveourcrockeryorclothesfor"special"occasions.Thismindsetmayhaveoriginatedfromtimeswhenresourceswerenotenoughandhasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.(英国人通常把陶器或者衣服留到‘特殊'场合使用。这种心态可能起源于资源不足的时代，并代代相传。)"可知，空前提出问题，我们为什么要把东西保存下来，空后解释这种心态起源于资源不足的时代，故E项"实际上，文化和代际因素起着至关重要的作用。"符合，引出后文的具体解释，这种心态起源于资料不足的时候，且代代相处，故选E。19．根据空前"Wearesupposedtosurroundourselveswiththingsthatbringushappiness,eveninordinarymoments.(我们应该被那些能给我们带来幸福的事物所包围。)"和空后"It'salsoaboutfindingwaystorenewourworth,fightingthenegativethoughtsthatwedon'tdeservetoenjoythegoodthingsinlife.(这也是为了找到更新我们价值的新方法，与那些认为我们不配享受生活中美好事物的消极思想作斗争。)"可知，空前提到，我们应该拥有好的东西，且空后的also可知，此空与空后递进，都说明我们拥有好东西的原因，故C项"这样做，我们可以提升整体幸福感。"符合，故选C。20．根据空后"Takeoutthosefancyplatesforasimpleweeknightdinner.Wearthatbeautifuldresstorunerrandsorpickupyourkidsfromschool.Celebratethesmallmomentsandmakethemextraordinary.(拿出那些精美的盘子，做一顿简单的周末晚餐。穿上那条漂亮的裙子去跑腿或接孩子放血。庆祝那些微不足道的时候，让它们变得非凡。)"可知，空后举出了几个即刻享受美好事物的例子，故A项"那么，为什么不现在就开始呢？"符合，总结全文，提出倡议，故选A。二、完形填空完形填空WhenDarrellWorthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway."Myparentsworkedatagolfcourse.They'd21．alltheworkerstocometoThanksgivingdinner.Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway,"hesays."Iftherewasakidinthe22．whoneededdinner,hegotit."Today,Worthycarriesonthe23．athisrestaurant,whereacombinationofbarbecueandcommunity24．hasmadeitahotspot.Locals25．therestaurantforitsburgersandmeatloaf.Formany,itisalsoastopontheroadto26．.Ithasaprogramthatbringsformer27．intothekitchenforthefirsttimetohelpthem28．serviceindustryskills.Theeffortwas29．bymanagerCaseyDeGuise,whoarrivedtherewithdrugproblems."Hehadbeenrejectedfor35jobs,"Worthysays."Wesaid‘Let'stakeachance,'andhe'snever30．."Worthyhimselfknowsthatalittlehelpcangoalongway."IhadatimewhenIwasdefinitelydrinkingtoomuch,"he31．.Now,heofferstoothersthe32．heonceneeded.Hekeepsacoolerbythefrontdoorofhisrestaurantwith33．foodforanyonewhowantsit.Buthisfavoritepastimeisstillwatching34．platesturntodirtydishes."Ifwecanpaythebillsandstaff,we'rehappy,"saysWorthy."Ifwecan35．thecommunity,we'rehappier."21．A．request B．inform C．advise D．invite22．A．neighborhood B．country C．course D．family23．A．dinner B．plan C．expectation D．tradition24．A．service B．work C．life D．belief25．A．admire B．know C．thank D．evaluate26．A．recovery B．wealth C．fame D．knowledge27．A．customers B．neighbours C．addicts D．chefs28．A．present B．acquire C．advocate D．improve29．A．inspired B．made C．ruined D．continued30．A．lookeddownonme B．letmedownC．turnedmedown D．calmedmedown31．A．comments B．complains C．recalls D．argues32．A．support B．advice C．fund D．job33．A．delicious B．cool C．cheap D．free34．A．clean B．large C．full D．extra35．A．protect B．build C．feed D．help【答案】21．D；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．B；29．A；30．B；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．C；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文（新闻报道)。文章主要讲述了DarrellWorthy受到家庭的影响，秉承了家庭传统，用美食连接社区。他的餐馆不仅有美味的汉堡和肉卷，还提供社区服务，帮助吸毒者学习服务技能，让他们重获新生。

【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。21．句意："我的父母在高尔夫球场工作。他们邀请了所有的工人来吃感恩节晚餐。他们绝不会拒绝任何人，"他说。A.request要求；B.inform通知，告知；C.advise建议，劝告；D.invite邀请。根据上文"WhenDarrellWorthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway."可推知，作者的父母非常善良，因此这里应是邀请所有的工人来到感恩节晚餐。故选D。22．句意："如果邻居家有孩子需要吃饭，（他们）就会给他。"A.neighborhood附近，邻居；B.country国家；C.course课程；D.family家庭。根据前文"WhenDarrellWorthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.(DarrellWorthy小时候，感恩节意味着30个邻居在自家车道上共享一顿家常便饭。)"可知，他们家的感恩节是和邻居一起度过的，同时结合"Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway(他们绝不会拒绝任何人)"可知，Worthy的父母是友好热心的人，由此推知，如果街区里的小孩需要吃的，Worthy的父母就会给他。故选A。23．句意：今天，Worthy在他的餐馆里继续着这一传统，烧烤和社区服务的结合使它成为了一个热点。A.dinner正餐，晚餐；B.plan计划，安排；C.expectation期待；D.tradition传统。根据前文"WhenDarrellWorthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.(DarrellWorthy小时候，感恩节意味着30个邻居在自家车道上共享一顿家常便饭。)"可推知，DarrellWorthy应该从小就受到家庭的这种影响，以致于在自己的餐馆里也实行了类似的行为，即使之成为一个"家庭传统"沿袭下来。故选D。24．句意：今天，Worthy在他的餐馆里继续着这一传统，烧烤和社区服务的结合使它成为了一个热点。A.service服务；B.work工作；C.life生活，生命；D.belief信念，信仰。根据后文"Hekeepsacoolerbythefrontdoorofhisrestaurantwith__13____foodforanyonewhowantsit."可知，这里会有免费的食物提供给有需要的人，因此，这是一种社区公益服务。故选A。25．句意：当地人知道这家餐厅的汉堡和肉卷。A.admire欣赏，羡慕；B.know知道，了解；C.thank感谢；D.evaluate评价，评估。根据后文"foritsburgersandmeatloaf(因为它的汉堡和肉卷)"可推知，他的餐馆的汉堡和肉卷使其为当地人所知。故选B。26．句意：对许多人来说，这也是戒除毒瘾，康复之路上的一站。A.recovery好转，痊愈，戒除；B.wealth财富；C.fame名声，声誉；D.knowledge知识。根据后文"Ithasaprogramthatbringsformer___7___intothekitchenforthefirsttimetohelpthem____8___serviceindu