第06讲 必修二 Unit 4 History and Traditions（知识全梳理-考点精准练）（寒假预习讲义）（原卷版）

19/21第06讲必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（寒假预习讲义）内容导航考点聚焦：归纳核心考点&高考考点，有的放矢重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固复习提升：真题感知&综合提升专练，全面突破核心句型和语法思维导图知识精讲重点01核心词汇速记一、重点速记（核心知识浓缩）1.高频名词：kingdom（王国）、ancestor（祖先）、philosophy（哲学）、feast（盛宴；节日）、evidence（证据）、achievement（成就）、location（地点）2.关键动词：conquer（征服；占领）、defend（防御；保卫）、surround（围绕；包围）、announce（宣布）、belong（属于）、charge（收费；控告）3.重要形容词：individual（单独的）、chief（最重要的）、fascinating（迷人的）、legal（合法的）、surrounding（周围的）、puzzled（困惑的）4.核心短语：breakaway(from)（脱离；逃脱）、aswellas（和；还）、leavebehind（遗留；留下）keepyoureyesopen(for)（留心）、referto（谈到；查阅）、takeover（接管）、belongto（属于）重点02核心语法速记1.时态重点：现在完成时（表动作持续/影响）、过去完成时（表“过去的过去”，用于历史事件因果分析）2.非谓语动词：过去分词作定语/宾补（表被动/完成，如“thegoodsboughtonline”“keepsbinformed”）3.经典句式：what引导宾语从句（如“Manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.”）；if省略结构（如“Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?”）二、重难点梳理（深度解析+突破）（一）词汇重难点1.易混词辨析（1）historyvstradition：history侧重“历史事件/进程”，是客观发生的过往；tradition侧重“代代相传的习俗/理念”，是历史沉淀的文化内核（2）defencevsdefend：defence（n.防御），defend（v.防御），派生词defensive（adj.防御性的）（3）customvscustomervscustoms：custom（n.风俗；习惯），customer（n.顾客），customs（n.海关）2.短语用法拓展（1）breakawayfrom：需加宾语，表“脱离某个组织/群体/状态”，如“Theregionbrokeawayfromthekingdom.”（2）belongto：无被动语态、无进行时，常用现在时，如“Theoldmansionbelongstoalocalfamily.”（3）charge：搭配灵活，“chargesbforsth”（向某人收费），“chargesbwithsth”（控告某人某事）3.语法重难点1.过去完成时的精准应用标志：by+过去时间点、before+过去从句、until+过去时间点场景：历史事件因果分析，如“Hadsteamenginesnotemerged,Asiantextiletraditionsmighthaveevolveddifferently.”（虚拟语气中过去完成时的应用）易错点：避免与一般过去时混淆，关键看“是否存在先后顺序”，先发生的用过去完成时，如“Whenwearrivedatthemuseum,theexhibitionhadalreadystarted.”2.过去分词作定语/宾补的核心用法作定语：位于名词后，表被动/完成，如“thecemeterylocatedonthehill”（位于山上的公墓）、“thetraditionpasseddownfromancestors”（祖先传承的传统）作宾补：常见于“keep/have/get+宾语+过去分词”结构，表“使某事被做”，如“keeptherelativesinformedoftheinvestigation”（让亲属了解调查进展）、“havethewatchrepaired”（把手表修好）查漏补缺（易错点突破+误区纠正）（一）高频易错点清单1.词汇类易错点（1）belongto的语态错误：误写为“isbelongedto”，正确用法为主动形式表被动含义（2）puzzled与puzzling混淆：puzzled（人感到困惑的），puzzling（事物令人困惑的）（3）charge的搭配错误：误写为“chargesbsth”，正确搭配为“chargesbforsth”（收费）、“chargesbwithsth”（控告）2.语法类易错点（1）过去完成时滥用：未明确“过去的过去”的时间逻辑，直接用过去完成时，如误写为“HetoldmeheworkedinBeijingfor5years.”（正确：hadworked，因“工作”发生在“告诉”之前）非谓语动词主动/被动混淆：如误写为“thenotepinningtothedoor”（正确：pinned，note与pin是被动关系）、“findpeopleseated”（正确，seated表状态，而非sitting的主动动作）（3）“with+宾语+宾补”结构错误：误写为“withnoagreementreaching”（正确：reached，agreement与reach是被动关系）（二）误区纠正技巧1.时态判断三步法：①找时间标志词；②梳理动作先后顺序；③确定“是否存在过去的过去”（过去完成时）或“与现在的关联”（现在完成时）非谓语动词判断口诀：“主动、进行ing，被动ed；表状态用ed”好题精练即时巩固（分层练习+解析）（一）基础巩固题1.词汇填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）（1）The________(surround)areaoftheoldcastleisnowapopulartouristattraction.（2）Shewas________(puzzle)bythestrangetraditionsheobservedduringthefeast.（3）Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto________(defence)thecountry’sculturalheritage.（4）Bythetimewearrivedatthecemetery,thememorialceremony________(already,end).2.短语翻译①脱离封建统治________②属于某个历史悠久的家族________③留心观察传统习俗的变化________④遗留下来的文化瑰宝________（二）能力提升题1.语法单选（聚焦易错点）①Theactress,______forherwonderfulactingskill,willbeinterviewedbyaTVstationnextweek.（）A.toknowB.knowingC.beingknownD.known②Withnoagreement_____,bothsidesagreedtospendanotherday_____themainproblems.（）A.toreach;todiscussB.reached;discussingC.reaching;discussingD.reached;todiscuss③Hewassurprisedtofindalotofpeople________atthebackoftheroom________masks.（）A.seating;wearingB.sat;woreC.sitting;wornD.seated;wearing真题感知一、单项选择1．（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）Afterthemovieended,shefoundheroldfriendjust______inthefront.A．seated B．seating C．SeatsD．toseat2．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）Comparedwithdigitalinvitations,printedonesareneitherpracticalnor________.A．legal B．outdated C．specific D．cost-effective3．（24-25高一下·江西吉安·期末）—Arethereanycheaprestaurant________?—Yes,thereisonenexttotheshoppingmall.A．surrounding B．forward C．attaching D．nearby4．（24-25高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）Hiswatchisbroken,hewantstohaveit________.A．repairing B．repaired C．torepair D．toberepaired5．（24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepus______aboutwhatishappeningathomeandabroad.A．informing B．informed C．toinform D．beinginformed二、选词填空（23-24高一下·广东广州·期末）用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。tonamebutafew;takeadvantageof;inmemoryof;beaboutto;

insiston;keeptrackof;belongto1．TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebratedQuYuan,apatrioticpoetinancientChina.2．ActivitiesintheScienceandTechnologyFestivalincluderobotexhibition,sciencelectures,appreciationofsciencefictions,.3．Tomgiveuprunningwhenhiscoachapproachedhimandencouragedhimwithsomeinspiringwords.4．Alicehisgoldenopportunityandimprovedheroverallability.5．Thepaintingsanunknownartisthavegainedgreatpopularityintheartshow.三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）SafeguardingFestivalsintheDigitalAgeTraditionalfestivals,rootedincenturiesofculturalheritage,arefacingunprecedented(前所未有的)challenges,becauseglobalizationandurbanization1(destroy)manypracticesoverthepastdecades.Innovativeapproachesare2urgentdemandtokeeppacewiththetimes.InChina,3governmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestodigitizeendangeredcustoms.Forexample,theannualMiaoNewYearcelebration,4involvescomplicateddances,isbeingrecordedthrough3Dscanning.Thisenablesyoungergenerations5(access)heritageengagingly.Communityprojectsalsohelptorevivetraditions.InFujian’sGutianTown,Hakkavillagerspartnerwith6(school)toofferhands-onworkshopsteachingtraditionallanternmakingtechniques.Weaklyworkshops7(lead)byheritageexpertsguidestudentsthrough12craftsteps,whileencouragingmodernelementslikesolarlightinganddigitalpatterns.8(additional),socialmediacontributetoculturalexchangeduringfestivalslikeMid-Autumn,whenusersworldwideshare9(they)celebrationoffamilyreunionandharvest.Thesedigitalinteractionspreservetraditions,ensuring10(price)heritageevolveswithtechnology.综合提升练提升精练巩固提升一、单句语法填空1．Theaccusedhadtodefend(them)incourttoprovetheirinnocence.2．Theessaywaswrittendefenceofthenewarchaeologicaltheories.3．Theartifacts(belong)tothelostcitywerediscoveredrecently.4．Theempireeventuallybrokeintosmallerkingdoms.5．Isitsafetohangoutinthe(surround)districtatnight?6．Janekeptmoving,butthefarthershewalked,the(confuse)shebecame.7．Noneofusknewtheexact(locate)oftheisland.8．Great(achieve)havebeenmadesincelastyear.9．Allofthe(evident)suggestswehavereasonstobepositive.10．Londonisanancientportcitythathasahistory(date)allthewaybacktoRomantimes.二、根据汉语提示单词拼写11．Alotof(证据)indicatedthatstresscouldpartlyberesponsiblefordisease.12．Thenewhotelhasabeautiful(位置).13．In(辩护)oftheseathletes,I’dliketosaythattheyhavetriedtodothebesttheycould.14．Withsoftclouds(环绕)themountaintop,highschoolstudentsfeelasenseofpeaceandcalm.15．Theydefendedtheirown(合法的)rightsinthisway.三、根据首字母提示单词拼写16．Thehousebtotheoldmanwasbuilthundredsofyearsago.17．Ambulancesquicklytooktheinjuredtoanhospital.18．TheUnitedStateshas374overseasmbasesinabout140countries.19．Heisanexcellentlawyerwithagoodbrain,whohasmadegreataallhislife.20．Cthefearandconcentratingonwhatyouaredoing—that’swherethebiggestjoycomesfrom.四、选词填空bejoinedto,breakawayfrom,belongto,aswellas,militarydefence,besurroundedby,makegreatachievements,fightabattleagainst,keepyoureyesopen,resultin21．Whatprofessionalsociety(协会)doesshe?22．Sometimes,severalkingdomseachothersothatthepowerwasincreased.23．Theancientpeoplebuilttowersindifferentlocationsfor.24．Thecompanywantstoitsdownmarketimage.25．Theaccidentheavylossesbecausemanyculturalrelicsweredestroyed.26．Histwo-storeybrickhomewhichtalltreesisinshape.27．Weshouldpollutiontoprotectourenvironment.28．Hegavemesomegoodtipssomewarnings.29．Theevidenceshowsthattheyhaveinmanyways.30．YoumustifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.六、七选五StreetEatsWhenitcomestorunningarestaurant,thethreemostimportantfactorsarelocation,location,andlocation!36Thesemobilerestaurantscansellfoodatthebusiestcornersinacitywithoutpayingthehighcostofrentingapermanentspace.Theysetupearlyinthemorningandselltheirfoodoveratinycounterorthroughawindow.37However,mobilefoodvendorsarenotanewidea.Infact,theyhavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears.Nearlytwothousandyearsago,thestreetsofRomewerefilledwithfoodcartssellingalltypesofmeals,fromsweetsandsnackstoheartydinners.38Manydidnothaveovens,whichmadepreparingahotmealathomeimpossible.Soinstead,ancientRomansboughttheirfoodonthestreet.Theyateandsocializedwiththeirneighbors,strengtheningthecommunityandhelpingthelocaleconomyatthesametime.AncientGreecehadfoodcartstoo.39InSparta,peopleatemealsofporridgeorsouponthego.MobilefoodvendorsalsohavealonghistoryinSoutheastAsia.InIndonesiaandMalaysia,foodsellersofthelatenineteenthcenturycarriedtheirmini-restaurantsontheir,backs!Thesemini-restaurantsweremadeupofastove,twostools,andasmalltable.40.Thesuccessofmobilefoodvendorsliesintheirabilitytoadapttotheneedsofmodernsociety.Theyprovideafastandconvenientdiningoptionforthoseonthego,whilealsoofferingauniqueandauthenticdiningexperience.Astheworldcontinuestourbanizeandbecomemoremobile,it’slikelythatmobilefoodvendorswillcontinuetothriveandevolve.A．Thatiswhatmakesfoodcartssuchacleveridea.B．Foodcartscouldbringvendorshandsomeincomes.C．VendorswithwoodencartssoldfriedfishtothepeopleofAthens.D．ThepeopleofRomelivedintinyhomeswithoutmuchspacetocook.E．Attheendoftheday,theyarepackedupandpulledawaybyacarortruck.F．Streeteatsoftenremindyouofthegoodtimesyouspendwithyourfriends.G．Theycouldbeputtogetherandcarriedhereandthereinsearchofcustomers.能力提升一、完形填空HeritageEducationChina’s“CulturalandNaturalHeritageDay”1onthesecondSaturdayofJuneeveryyear.Manycelebrationsare2ontheday.Thereisnodoubtthatdifferentkindsofcelebrating3acrossthecountrywillarouse(唤醒)public4oftheimportanceofculturalheritageprotectionand5theyoungpeopletolovethefinetraditionalcultureofthemotherland.Chinafacesaheavytasktoprotectandrescueitscultural6.Weneedtoconsider7theharmofthelackofawarenessaboutculturalheritageprotection.Thus,heritage8isoneofourmainapproaches(方法).Peoplecannotproperlyvalueculturalheritageiftheydonotknowwhyitis9orhowtoprotectit.Overthepastseveralyears,theprotectioncentrehas10overahundrededucationalseminars(研究会)todifferentgroups,suchasschools,governmentoffices,11thegeneralpublic.Manypeoplehaveattendedtheseminars.Typically,eachseminar12twotothreehoursand13ofaninformativepresentation,followedbyalongerquestion-and-answersessionanddiscussion.Eachattender14limitedknowledgeofculturalheritageconsideredittobejusttheForbiddenCityandtheGreatWall.Peopleoftenthinkthatthedutyonly15tothegovernment.So“CulturalandNaturalHeritageDay”willbeawelcomeopportunitytoeducatepeopleonworldheritageprotection.1．A．falls B．revises C．applies D．prevents2．A．updated B．suggested C．protested D．held3．A．accesses B．adventures C．affairs D．activities4．A．determination B．promotions C．awareness D．professions5．A．inspire B．persuade C．limit D．identify6．A．proposals B．discoveries C．wonders D．relics7．A．creatively B．seriously C．extremely D．anxiously8．A．civilization B．information C．education D．contribution9．A．important B．awkward C．official D．confusing10．A．insisted B．presented C．designed D．exchanged11．A．aslongas B．asgoodas C．aswellas D．asmuchas12．A．demands B．prefers C．lasts D．stresses13．A．organizes B．consists C．forms D．beco