高三近五年首考真题及二次开发（教师版）

近五年浙江省首考语法填空真题练习及二次开发真题复现2025年1月浙江首考英语语法填空Thepriceoffashion–economicallyandenvironmentally–hasledtotheriseof56newwayofdressing,andit’sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.Aspeoplenowchoosetowearmoreclothesfewer57(time),clothingrentalserviceshavebeeincreasinglypopular.“Ithinkit’sanamazingidea,”saysTanyaPerilli,whoownsaclothingrentalshop.“Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinstead58thefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowear59arenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobes(衣柜)orcontributingtolandfill.”Tanya’sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomen60(rent)ratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensive61(solve)toonetimeeventdressing.Theconcept62(be)certainlynotnew–menhavebeenrentinggoodsuitsfordecades–butforfemaleshoppers,itisjusttakingoff.Thisclothingasservicemodelfollowsthebroadersocietalmovementtowardssharedeconomies.Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecialoccasiondressestolessformalclothing,63sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalongertermrentalperiod.“Ireallywanttomakethisworkfor64(people)livestoday,andIknowthatdoesn’talwaysmean65(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend,”shesays.答案56.a57.times58.on/upon59.and60.torent61.solution62.is63.that/which64.people’s65.returning2024年1月浙江首考英语语法填空(真题)Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamilysizethisandmultibuythat.Wearesousedtobeingofferedextrathatweoftencan’tsay“no”to56_____(benefit)fromthebargains.Butisitreallyagoodideatobuymorethanweneed?Theproblemisthatmanyofthese“deals”leadustobuythingswedon’treallywant,57_____need.Worsestill,someofthemendupbeingthrownaway.Infact,it’sbeenfoundthataboutathirdofallfoodboughtintheUK58_____(throw)awayeachyear.Onesupermarketchainhasdecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Theyhavestartedanewproject59_____encouragescustomerstobuyonlywhattheyneed.Theideaissimple:insteadofofferingmultibuydeals,theyofferdiscountsonsingleitems.Thisway,customerscangetthebestpricewithout60_____(criticise)forwastingfood.Theprojecthasbeenagreatsuccesssofar.Notonlyhavecustomersstartedbuyingless,butthey61_____(offer)morechoices.Thesupermarkethasalsonoticedthatmorepeople62_____(start)tobringtheirownbagsandcontainers,whichisbetterfortheenvironment.Theprojecthasbeendesignedtohelppeoplemakebetterchoices,anditseemstobeworking.It’sagreatexampleofhowbusinessescanhelptoreducewaste.Perhapsothersupermarketswillfollow,andwe’llseemoreprojectslikethisin63_____future.Afterall,smallchangescanmakeabigdifference,andperhapssomeofthemoreforwardlooking64_____(one)mayyeteoutwithawholerangeof“justforyou”packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.Shopsarenotcharities,andtheypricegoodsintheway65_____willmakethemthemostmoney.答案56.tobenefit57.or58.isthrown59.that/which60.beingcriticised61.areoffered62.havestarted63.the64.ones65.that/which2023年1月浙江首考英语语法填空ThetermhutongappearedfirstduringtheYuan Dynasty,56_____itwasusedtodescribethenarrowstreetsthatdividedtheurbanareaintosmallblocks.Thewordhutong,57_____(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,laterbecameamontermforallnarrowstreetsinBeijing.IntheYuanDynasty,thecitywas58_____(surround)byaseriesofconcentriccircles(同心圆).Thecloseronelivedtothecenterofthecircles,thehigherone’ssocialstatus.Ordinarypeople59_____(notpermit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehighrankingofficials60_____(feature)spaciouscourtyardsandelegantdecorations.Astimewenton,hutongandsiheyuan61_____(space)becamemoreaccessibletomonpeople.Thelayoutofhutongalsochanged,withsomebeing62_____(simple)instructure.Today,hutongarenotjustresidentialareas;theyarealsoplaceswherepeoplecanexperiencetraditionalculture.Theyserve63_____venuesforvarious64_____(event),suchasfolkartperformancesandteaceremonies.ManytouristsvisitBeijingtowalkthrough65_____hutongandadmiretheuniquearchitectureofthesiheyuan.答案56.when57.originally58.surrounded59.werenotpermitted60.featured61.spacious62.simpler63.as64.events65.the2022年1月浙江首考英语语法填空Cobbisoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics36_____arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andothereventsisabigpartofanacademic’slife,butitalsocontributestoglobalwarming.Cobbandothersare37_____(view)aspioneersinthemovementtoreducecarbonfootprintsinacademia.Theseacademicsarenotonlyreducingtheirownairtravelbutalso38_____(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,39_____(rough)200academics–manyofthemclimatescientists–40_____(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak41_____shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthreequartersof42_____time,theyagreed.Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe43_____(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans44_____(continue)thepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding,”shesays,“areallypositivechange.”AndforCobb,thepersonalbenefitisthatshenowhasmoretimeforherchildrenandresearch,whichwasalways45_____(important)partofherjob.答案36.who/that37.viewed38.changing39.roughly40.havepromised41.if/whether42.the43.invitation44.tocontinue45.themostimportant2021年1月浙江首考英语语法填空Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier56_____thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool57_____givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga58_____(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and2559_____(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased60_____2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain61_____(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.TheresearchersalsofoundthatruralareashavecaughtupwithurbanareasintermsofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries62_____(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,thedifferencehadnarrowed63_____(great).ThereasonsfortheriseinruralBMIarenotfullyunderstood,butsomefactorsinclude64_____(low)levelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.Thestudyshowsthatmoreattention65_____(need)tobepaidtoruralareasinthefightagainstobesity.答案56.and57.that/which58.person’s59.isconsidered60.by61.was62.studied63.greatly64.lower65.needs考点分析序考点频比高频考法典型例句(年份+题号+答案)1动词时态612%1.一般现在时(客观事实/常态，主谓一致)2.一般过去时(过去时间背景)3.现在完成时(since引导时间状语)1.2025.162:Theconcept(be)notnew→is(一般现在时，主谓一致)2.2023.160:Thestory(feature)localcharacters→featured(一般过去时)3.2022.140:We(promise)toprotecttheenvironment→havepromised(现在完成时)2动词语态714%1.一般现在时被动(主谓一致+被动)2.一般过去时被动(含否定形式)3.非谓语被动(动名词被动式)1.2024.158:Rubbish(throw)everywhere→isthrown(一般现在时被动)2.2023.159:Visitors(notpermit)totakephotos→werenotpermitted(一般过去时被动否定)3.2024.160:Hefeared(criticise)byothers→beingcriticised(动名词被动)3非谓语动词714%1.不定式:目的状语、后置定语、动词宾语2.动名词:介词宾语、固定搭配(meandoing)3.过去分词:后置定语(表被动)1.2025.160:Tanya’sshopoffersclothesforwomen(rent)→torent(不定式作目的状语)2.2025.165:Shesuggested(return)theclothes→returning(动名词作宾语)3.2021.162:Thedata(study)byexperts→studied(过去分词作定语)4动词变名词36%加后缀变形:tion/sion/ution(invite→invitation；solve→solution)1.2025.161:providingacheaper(solve)→solution2.2022.143:Hesentan(invite)tohisfriend→invitation3.2021.160:Weneedtofinda(resolve)→resolution6单复数36%1.可数名词复数(fewer修饰/固定搭配)2.替代词复数(ones指代复数名词)1.2025.157:fewer(time)→times2.2023.164:various(event)→events3.2024.164:Thesearebetter(one)→ones7所有格24%1.单数名词所有格('s)2.名词所有格(people’s)1.2021.158:a(person)idea→person’s2.2025.164:respect(people)choices→people’s8形容词变副词36%加后缀ly(quick→quickly；careful→carefully)1.2024.159:Hespoke(slow)totheelderly→slowly2.2023.157:Shefinishedthework(careful)→carefully3.2022.145:Theteamworked(efficient)→efficiently9其它24%1.比较级(more+多音节词)2.原级(as...as结构)1.2024.165:Thisis(important)thanthat→moreimportant2.2022.142:Theboxisas(heavy)asthatone→heavy10并列连词36%1.顺承并列(and连接并列结构)2.否定并列(or连接否定成分)1.2025.159:Sheboughtclothes(and)shoes→and2.2024.157:Youcantakeit(or)leaveit→or3.2021.156：and(连接并列宾语从句)11从属连词612%1.定语从句引导词(that/which/who/when)2.宾语从句引导词(if/whether表“是否”)1.2025.163：that/which(定语从句，先行词service)2.2024.159：that/which(定语从句，先行词project)3.2024.165：that/which(定语从句，先行词way)4.2023.156：when(定语从句，先行词YuanDynasty)5.2022.136：who/that(定语从句，先行词academics)6.2022.141：if/whether(宾语从句，表“是否”)12介词36%固定搭配(focuson/serveas/participatein)1.2025.158:focus(on)thequality→on2.2024.156:serve(as)ateacher→as3.2023.158:participate(in)theactivity→in13冠词48%1.不定冠词(a/an修饰可数名词单数)2.定冠词(the表特指)1.2025.156:Itis(a)goodidea→a2.2024.159:Hesaw(the)film→the14代词24%1.物主代词(his/her/their)2.反身代词(oneself作宾语)1.2023.162:Shelost(her)key→her2.2022.146:Hetaught(himself)English→himself二次开发一、派生词fashion(n.)时尚→fashionable(adj.)时尚的rent(v.)租赁；(n.)租金→rentaladj./n.adj./n.)租赁的；租赁业务solve(v.)解决→solution(n.)解决方案person(n.)人 →personal(adj.)个人的→personally(adv.)亲自地style(n.)风格；(v.)设计→styling(n.)造型、款式设计benefit(v./n.)受益、好处→beneficial(adj.)有益的future(n.)未来→futuristic(adj.)未来主义的、超前的forward(adv./adj.)向前、前进的→ forwardlooking(adj.)有远见的、前瞻性的original(adj.)原始的、最初的→originally(adv.)最初地、原本→origin(n.)起源surround(v.)包围、环绕→surrounded(过去分词/adj.)被包围的→surrounding(adj.)周围的permit(v./n.)允许、许可→permitted(过去分词/adj.)被允许的→permission(n.)许可space(n.)空间；(v.)隔开→spacious(adj.)宽敞的→spaciously(adv.)宽敞地simple(adj.)简单的→simpler(比较级)更简单的/simplest(最高级)最简单的→simplify(v.)简化event(n.)事件、活动→eventful(adj.)多事的、充满活动的academic(n./adj.)学者；学术的→academia(n.)学术界→academically(adv.)学术上view(v./n.)看待、观点→viewpoint(n.)观点change(v./n.)改变、变化→changeable(adj.)易变的rough(adj.)粗略的、粗糙的→roughly(adv.)大约、粗略地promise(v./n.)承诺、答应→promising(adj.)有前途的invite(v.)邀请→invitation(n.)邀请、邀请函important(adj.)重要的→importantly(adv.)重要地→importance(n.)重要性measure(v./n.)测量、措施→measurement(n.)测量、测量结果→measurable(adj.)可测量的recognize(v.)认可、认出→recognized(过去分词/adj.)被认可的→recognition(n.)认可consider(v.)认为、考虑→consideration(n.)考虑great(adj.)伟大的、极大的 →greatly(adv.)大大地、非常→greatness(n.)伟大need(v./n.)需要→needy(adj.)贫困的、需要帮助的二、超纲词单词词性词义landfilln.垃圾填埋场、填埋的垃圾overstuffv.过度填充、塞满multibuyadj./n.多买优惠的；多买优惠活动bargainsn.特价商品、便宜货(超纲义项，核心义为“交易”)concentricadj.同心的venuen.场所、场地carbonfootprintn.碳足迹(个人/组织产生的二氧化碳排放量)remotelyadv.远程地、遥远地rewardingadj.有意义的、值得的、有回报的squaredadj./adv.平方的、平方地obesityn.肥胖症、肥胖三、合成词合成词构成方式中文释义familysize名词+名词家庭装的、适合全家的multibuy前缀+动词多买优惠的forwardlooking副词+现在分词有远见的、前瞻性的onetime数词+名词一次性的(补充，原文未直接出现，同类合成词)highranking形容词+现在分词高级别的、身居高位的concentriccircles形容词+名词同心圆folkart名词+名词民间艺术teaceremony名词+名词茶道、茶艺carbonfootprint名词+名词碳足迹climatechange名词+名词气候变化ruralareas形容词+名词农村地区urbanmen形容词+名词城市男性threequarters数词+名词四分之三四、长难句原句：Thepriceoffashion–economicallyandenvironmentally–hasledtotheriseofanewwayofdressing,andit’sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too. 句法分析：主干为“Thepriceoffashionhasledtotheriseofanewwayofdressingandit’sbeginningtotakeoff”，其中“–economicallyandenvironmentally–”是插入语，补充说明“thepriceoffashion”的两个维度；“it”指代前文的“anewwayofdressing”；“takeoff”此处意为“兴起、流行”。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：时尚的代价——无论是经济上还是环境上——催生了一种新的着装方式，这种方式在澳大利亚也开始兴起。)原句：Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinsteadonthefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowearandarenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobesorcontributingtolandfill.句法分析：主干为“Customerstodaylookpastthefactandfocusinsteadonthefact”；两个“that”均引导同位语从句，分别解释说明两个“fact”的具体内容；第二个同位语从句中包含两个并列谓语“havesomethinguniquetowear”和“arenotoverstuffing...orcontributing...”。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：如今的消费者不再在意物品是二手的这一事实，反而更关注自己能穿上独特的衣服，且不会塞满自己的衣柜，也不会产生垃圾填埋的问题。)原句：Shepackagestheclothesinawaythatfeelspersonal,addinglittletouchestomakepeople’sliveseasier,likeincludinganotewithstylingtips.句法分析：主干为“Shepackagestheclothesinaway”；“thatfeelspersonal”是定语从句，修饰先行词“away”；“addinglittletouches...likeincludinganotewithstylingtips”是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中“tomakepeople’sliveseasier”是不定式作目的状语，说明“addinglittletouches”的目的。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：她以一种极具个性化的方式包装衣服，添加一些小细节来方便人们的生活，比如附上一张带有造型建议的便签。)原句：Wearesousedtobeingofferedextrathatweoftencan’tsay“no”tobenefitingfromthebargains.句法分析：主干为“Wearesousedtobeingofferedextrathat...”，是“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句；“usedtodoingsth.”意为“习惯于做某事”；“beingofferedextra”是动名词的被动形式，作介词“to”的宾语；从句中“benefitingfromthebargains”作介词“to”的宾语。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：我们已经非常习惯被提供额外的商品，以至于常常无法拒绝从这些特价商品中获益。)原句：Notonlyhavecustomersstartedbuyingless,buttheyareofferedmorechoices.句法分析：主干为“Notonlyhavecustomersstartedbuyingless,buttheyareofferedmorechoices”，是“Notonly...but(also)...”引导的并列句，且“Notonly”位于句首，主句采用部分倒装(have置于主语customers前)；前半句中“startedbuying”是“startdoingsth.”结构，意为“开始做某事”；后半句为被动语态。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：消费者不仅开始减少购买量，而且还能获得更多选择。)原句：Afterall,smallchangescanmakeabigdifference,andperhapssomeofthemoreforwardlookingonesmayyeteoutwithawholerangeof“justforyou”packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.句法分析：主干为“smallchangescanmakeabigdifferenceandperhapssomeofthemoreforwardlookingonesmayyeteoutwith...”，是并列句；“themoreforwardlookingones”中“ones”指代前文的“supermarkets”；“eoutwith”意为“推出、提出”；“awholerangeof”意为“一系列的”；“justforyou”是后置定语，修饰“packsizes”。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：毕竟，微小的改变能带来巨大的影响，或许一些更具前瞻性的超市还会推出一系列“专为你定制”的包装规格，并附上特别优惠。)原句：ThetermhutongappearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty,whenitwasusedtodescribethenarrowstreetsthatdividedtheurbanareaintosmallblocks.句法分析：主干为“ThetermhutongappearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty”；“whenitwasusedtodescribethenarrowstreets”是定语从句，修饰先行词“theYuanDynasty”，其中“it”指代“thetermhutong”；“thatdividedtheurbanareaintosmallblocks”也是定语从句，修饰先行词“thenarrowstreets”；“beusedtodosth.”意为“被用来做某事”；“o...”意为“把...分成...”。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：“胡同”一词最早出现在元朝，当时它被用来描述将城区划分成小街区的窄街。)原句：Thecloseronelivedtothecenterofthecircles,thehigherone’ssocialstatus.句法分析：主干为“Thecloser...,thehigher...”，是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，意为“越...，越...”；前半句“onelivedtothecenterofthecircles”是完整的句子结构，“thecloser”修饰谓语动词“lived”；后半句“one’ssocialstatus”是名词短语，“thehigher”修饰该短语。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：一个人住得离同心圆中心越近，社会地位就越高。)原句：Today,hutongarenotjustresidentialareas;theyarealsoplaceswherepeoplecanexperiencetraditionalculture.句法分析：主干为“hutongarenotjustresidentialareas;theyarealsoplaces”，是并列句；“wherepeoplecanexperiencetraditionalculture”是定语从句，修饰先行词“places”，“where”在从句中作地点状语；“residentialareas”意为“住宅区”；翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：如今，胡同不仅仅是住宅区；它们也是人们可以体验传统文化的地方。)原句：Cobbisoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademicswhoarecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.句法分析：主干为“Cobbisoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics”；“whoarecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange”是定语从句，修饰先行词“academics”，其中“becauseofclimatechange”是原因状语；“cutbackon”意为“减少、削减”。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：科布是因气候变化而减少航空旅行的少数但日益增多的学者之一。)原句：OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,roughly200academics–manyofthemclimatescientists–havepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.句法分析：主干为“roughly200academicshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossible”；“OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci”是地点状语，“calledNoFlyClimateSci”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“awebsite”；“–manyofthemclimatescientists–”是插入语，补充说明“200academics”；“sincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago”是时间状语从句，引导现在完成时。翻译练习：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(答案：在一个名为“无飞行气候科学”的网站上，大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前这项行动启动以来，承诺尽量减少飞行。)原句：ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplanstocontinuethepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding,”shesays,“areallypositivechange.”句法分析：第一句是并列句，主干为“ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtraveldownandsheplanstocontinuethepractice”，“lastyear”是时间状语，“by75%”是程度状语；第二句是直接引语，由两个并列的名词短语“afairlyrewarding”和“areallypositivechange”组成，补充说明“it”(指代前文的“thatapproach”)；“bringdown”意为“降低、减少”；“fairly”意为“相当、非常”。翻译