2026年中考复习专题三代词课件

专题三代词目录CONTENTS02课堂精讲03备考精练01思维导图思维导图01

课堂精讲02

一、人称代词分类人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem用法作主语She

is

my

English

teacher.她是我的英语老师。作宾语They

don’t

want

me

to

go

there

alone.他们不想让我单独去那里。作表语—Who

is

knocking?谁在敲门?—It’s

me.是我。It

is

I

who

should

apologize.应该道歉的是我。二、物主代词分类人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs用法形容词性物主代词只能作定语，修饰后面所接的名词；而名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，相当于名词的用法。如：This

is

my

book.=This

book

is

mine.(mine=my

book)三、反身代词分类人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves用法作宾语Her

sister

is

too

young

to

dress

herself.她的妹妹年纪太小，还不会自己穿衣服。作主语同位语He

himself

is

always

making

such

mistakes.他自己总是犯这样的错误。作宾语同位语You’d

better

ask

your

wife

herself.你最好问你妻子本人。作表语She

isn’t

quite

herself

today.她今天不太舒服。

规律小结：常考词组help

oneself…随便吃……

enjoy

oneself玩得开心teach

oneself

sth.=learn

sth.by

oneself自学

dress

oneself自己穿衣服by

oneself

独自，靠自己

look

after

oneself

照顾自己make

oneself

at

home像在自己家一样，别拘束

treat

oneself

to给自己买……；用……犒劳自己make

oneself

heard/understood

使自己被听到/被理解四、指示代词1.种类：this，that，these，those2.用法作主语

Those

were

the

happiest

days

of

my

life.那些是我一生中最幸福的日子。作宾语I’ve

never

seen

these

before.我以前从没见过这些。作表语The

toys

little

Tom

likes

are

those

in

the

basket.小汤姆喜欢的那些玩具在篮子里。作定语I’ll

take

that

red

shirt.我要买那件红色的衬衫。

3.指示代词习惯用法(1)前面刚提到的东西，常用that/those表示，如：I’msorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我很难过。(2)下文将要提到的事情，可用these/this表示，起启下的作用。如：Tellthechildrentodolikethis：knockthestickintotheearthfirst，andthentiethetreetoit.告诉孩子们这样做：先把棍子敲进土里，再把树绑在上面。(3)打电话时，常用that询问对方是谁，用this介绍自己。如：—Hello，isthatLucy?喂，是露西吗?—Hello，thisisLucy.你好，我是露西。4.为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。替代的是可数名词复数时，用those；替代的是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，用that。如：ThebooksareasinterestingasthoseIboughtlastweek.这些书和我上周买的那些一样有趣。ThisbedisnotsobigasthatIboughtyesterday.这张床不如我昨天买的那张大。TheclimatehereisquitedifferentfromthatinBeijing.这里的气候和北京的气候大不一样。五、不定代词1.some与any的用法用法例句(1)some多用于肯定句；any多用于否定句和疑问句I

have

some

books，but

I

didn’t

give

any

to

her.我有一些书，但我一本也没给她。

用法例句(2)在期望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中用someWould

you

like

some

coffee?

你想喝咖啡吗?May

I

ask

you

some

questions，please?

我能问你一些问题吗?(3)some还可以表示“某一”；any用于肯定句时表示“任何一个”I

lived

in

some

place

in

Japan

a

few

years

ago.几年前我住在日本的某一个地方。Mark

is

taller

than

any

other

boy

in

his

class.马克比他班上其他任何一个男孩都高。

2.不定代词afew/few与alittle/little的用法用法例句(1)a

few表示肯定，few表示否定，都用于可数名词前He

has

a

few

friends

here，but

he

has

few

good

friends.在这里他有几个朋友，但是几乎没有好朋友。(2)a

little表示肯定，little表示否定，都用于不可数名词前Don’t

worry!

There

is

a

little

time

left.别担心!还有一点儿时间!

用法例句(3)only，quite，just等词可与a

few，a

little连用，而不和few，little连用Only

a

few

students

passed

the

exam.只有少数几个学生通过了这次考试。He

added

just

a

little

salt

to

the

soup.他只往汤里加了一点点盐。

3.不定代词both，either，neither，all，none与noone的用法不定代词常用搭配例句(1)both表示“两者都”作主语时，谓语动词用复数both…and…作主语时，谓语动词用复数Both

of

them

are

my

friends.他们两个都是我的朋友。Both

Mary

and

Linda

are

my

friends.玛丽和琳达都是我的朋友。

不定代词常用搭配例句(2)either表示“两者中任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数either…or…作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”Either

side

of

the

street

is

available

for

your

car.你把车停到路的哪一边都可以。Either

you

or

he

takes

the

full

responsibility.不是你就是他承担全部责任。

不定代词常用搭配例句(3)neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数neither…nor…作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”Neither

of

the

books

is

good.这两本书都不好。Neither

Jim

nor

I

have

been

there.我和吉姆都没有去过那里。(4)all指代三者或三者以上

All

the

students

in

my

class

are

present

at

the

meeting.我班上所有的学生都出席了会议。All

is

ready.所有的事情都准备好了。

不定代词常用搭配例句(5)none表示对三者或三者以上人或事的全部否定作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数，后面可接of

短语None

of

us

has

been

there.我们都没有去过那里。(6)no

one

一般只指没有人后面不接of

短语No

one

knows

the

answer

except

me.除了我之外没有人知道答案。

4.复合不定代词及用法(1)常见的复合不定代词有somebody，someone，something，anybody，anyone，anything，nobody，everyone，nothing，everybody，everything。(2)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。Iseverybodyheretoday?今天所有人都在这儿吗?(3)形容词修饰复合不定代词时需后置，如：somethingimportant重要的事情。六、疑问代词及用法

疑问代词包括指人时用的who、whom、whose，指物时用的what。既指人又指物时用which。用法举例指人(1)who

表示“谁”，不能位于介词后Who

is

your

English

teacher?

你们的英语老师是谁?(2)whom是who的宾格形式，作宾语，可以放在介词后；作介词宾语，置于介词后，不能用who替代Who(m)

are

you

taking

the

book

to?你要把这本书带给谁?To

whom

did

you

speak

on

the

campus?你在校园里和谁讲话了?

用法举例指人(3)whose表示“谁的”，既可以用作名词性也可用作形容词性Whose

umbrella

is

this?=Whose

is

this

umbrella?

这是谁的伞?指物(4)what

表示“什么”，所指的事物无范围限制What

question

did

he

ask?

他问了什么问题?What

is

he?

他是干什么的?(what

指职业)既指人也指物(5)which表示“哪一个，哪一些”Which

do

you

prefer，tea

or

coffee?

茶和咖啡，你喜欢哪一样?

特别提醒：what与which

的区别(1)当选择的范围比较明确时，多用which；当选择的范围不明确时，多用what。Which

colour

do

you

like

best，red，black

or

white?

红色、黑色和白色，你最喜欢哪种颜色?What

colour

is

your

car?

你的汽车是什么颜色的?

(2)what的选择范围不明确，其后可以跟else，表示“其他的事物”，但通常不跟表示特定范围的of

短语；而which

的选择范围明确，其后一般不接else，但常与表特定范围的of短语连用。What

else

did

you

see

there?

你在那儿还看到了别的什么吗?Which

of

the

three

girls

is

the

youngest?

这三个女孩中哪个年纪最小?七、it的指代及用法1.it的指代

用法例句指代物，可替代动植物与无生命的东西，与one的区别：

one=a/an＋n.；it

=

the＋n.My

father

bought

a

pen

and

gave

it(=the

pen)

to

me.我爸爸买了一支笔并且把它给了我。I

have

no

dictionary，so

I

want

to

buy

one.(one=a

dictionary)我没有字典，所以我想买一本。

用法例句

指代人，指代一个未亲眼看到的、不明身份性别的人或婴儿等；但若身份已确定，则须用人称代词—Who

is

crying

in

the

room?谁在房间里哭?—It’s

my

younger

brother

Jack.是我的弟弟杰克。There

is

a

lady

at

the

door.She

wants

to

see

you.门口有位女士。她想要见你。What

a

beautiful

baby!

Is

it

a

boy?一个多漂亮的宝宝啊!是男孩吗?

用法例句指代前述内容Beauty

is

everywhere.It

makes

us

happy.美随处可见。它使得我们快乐。Mr

Wang

was

ill.Have

you

heard

it?王先生生病了。你听说了吗?替代this或that—What’s

this?这是什么?—It’s

my

pencil

sharpener.这是我的卷笔刀。That’s

not

interesting，is

it?那没什么意思，不是吗?

用法例句指天气等自然现象It

will

snow

heavily

tomorrow.明天将会下大雪。

指距离、速度、金钱、度量How

far

is

it

from

Beijing

to

Shanghai?

从北京到上海有多远?指时间—What

time

is

it

now?现在几点了?—It’s

half

past

nine.九点半了。

2.it的用法(1)作形式主语替代动词不定式①Itis＋adj.＋(forsb.)todosth.此结构中的形容词用来修饰todosth.Itisgoodforustoeatvegetables.吃蔬菜对我们有好处。②Itis＋adj.＋of＋sb.todosth.此结构中的形容词用来修饰sb.Itiskindofyoutolendmesomanybooks.你能借给我这么多书，你真是太好了。③Ittakes(sb.)＋时间＋todosth.(某人)花了多少时间做某事。Ittakesmehalfanhourtowalkfromheretoschool.从这里走到学校要花我半个小时。(2)作形式主语替代名词①Itisnogood/use(in)doingsth.做……是没用的。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。②It’sfundoingsth.做……很有意思。It’sfunbeingamagician.做名魔术师很有意思。(3)作形式宾语，句式：主语＋谓语动词＋it形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真实宾语。Weallconsideritwrongtocheatinexamination.我们都认为考试作弊是不对的。

规律小结：it用法的常见句型(1)make

it＋时间：把时间定在……；约定……Let’s

make

it

eight

o’clock.咱们定在八点钟吧。(2)It’s

time(for

sb.)

to

do

sth.：某人该做某事了。It

is

time

for

you

to

go

to

bed.你该上床睡觉了。(3)It’s

time

for

sth.：该做……的时候了。It’s

time

for

lunch.=It’s

time

to

have

lunch.该吃午饭了。(4)It

is/has

been＋时间＋since…：自从……有多久的时间。It’s

twenty

years

since

she

left

me.她离开我已经二十年了。(5)It

be＋时间＋before

从句.在多长时间后才发生某事。It

was

twenty

years

before

they

met

again.过了二十年，他们才再次相遇。备考精练03一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ilovereadingbooksbecausetheycanbroaden___________(I)horizonsandmake____________(I)smarter.

2.Thebluebicycleis____________(I)，andIrepairedit____________(I)afteritbrokedownlastweek.

3.It’s____________(we)dutytoprotecttheenvironment.

4.____________(they)EnglishteacherisfromAmerica，and____________(we)isfromEngland.

mymeminemyselfourTheirours5.Boysandgirls，pleasehelp______________(you)tosomecakes.

6.Thisbluenotebookis____________(I)，and____________(you)isoverthere.

7.Afteralongdayofhiking，thefriendstreated___________(they)toawarmmealbythecampfire.

8.Thewhitecarparkedoutsidemustbe____________(they).

9.Thecatlicks____________(it)，and____________(it)furlooksclean.

yourselvesmineyoursthemselvestheirsitselfits10.Themathsproblemsinthisyear’sexamareeasierthan____________(that)inlastyear’s.

11.Katecookeddinner___________(she)tosurprise________(she)parentson____________(they)anniversary.

12.Imadethismodelairplaneallby____________(I)duringthesummervacation.

13.Weareoldenoughtotakecareof____________(we).

14.Thetripwasawonderfulexperiencefor____________(we)becausewesawmanyinterestingplaces.

15.Theyfind____________veryenjoyabletohaveapicnicbythesea.

thoseherselfhertheirmyselfourselvesusit二、阅读理解。(2025·深圳南山模拟)InasmallvillageineasternChina，aspecialcoffeeshophascaughtpeople’sattention.FrankSterzer，aGerman，runsacafenamedBambooCoffeeRoastersinthevillageofMaoli，ZhejiangProvince.SterzerfirstcametoChinain2006toworkforBMWinShenyang.Later，heworkedinmanycitieslikeChengdu，ShanghaiandBeijing.However，duringa2021visittoMaoli，hefellinlovewiththeidyllicvillage.Combinedwithhisloveforcoffee，hedecidedtoopenacafethere.Hespentayearrenovatinganoldwarehouse，keepingitsold-fashionedlookwhileaddingmoderncoffee-roastingequipment.Thevillagecouncilhelpedhimbyofferinglowerrentandupgrading(改良)theinfrastructure(基础设施).MaoliisnearNingbo.Sterzerwantsvisitorstoenjoythepeacefulcountrysidebysippingcoffeeandeatinghandmadecakeathiscafe.Thecafeisnamedafterthemanybambooplantsaroundthevillage.Behindthecafe，Sterzerhasasmallcoffeefactorywhereheroasts10metrictonsofbeanseveryyear.SinceitopenedinJune2024，thecafehasbecomeverypopular.Peoplefromnearandfarcometovisit，includinginternationaltourists.BeforetheSpringFestival，manytouristsfromcitieslikeHangzhouandShanghaicame.Thecafehasalsohelpedneighboringshops.Morepeoplearebuyinglocalproductslikehoneyorangesandbambooshoots.Asruralareasdevelop，morepeople，includingyoungpeopleandforeigners，aremovingtothecountryside.Sterzer，whohaslivedinChinaforover18years，hadabusySpringFestival.HecelebrateditlikeaChinesefamily，andhiscafewasopenduringtheholiday.HehopesmorepeoplecanexperiencethecharmofChinesevillagesthroughhiscoffeebusiness.(

)1.WhydidFrankSterzerdecidetoopenacoffeeshopinMaoli?A.Becausehewantedtomakemoremoney.B.Becausehisfamilyaskedhimtoopenacoffeeshop.C.Becausehelovedthevillage’senvironmentandcoffee.D.Becausethevillagecouncilforcedhimtodoit.C(

)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“idyllic”probablymean?A.Noisyandcrowded. B.Peacefulandbeautiful.C.Dirtyandpoor. D.Modernandbusy.B(

)3.WhatcanvisitorsdoatSterzer’scafe?A.Theycanonlydrinkcoffee.B.Theycandrinkcoffeeandbuylocalproductslikehoneyoranges.C.Theycandrinkcoffee，eathandmadecakeandenjoythecountryside.D.Theycanroastcoffeebeansbythemselves.C(

)4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.FrankSterzerfirstcametoChinain2021.B.Thevillagecouncildidn’thelpFrankSterzeratall.C.Theneighboringshopsbenefitfromthepopularityofthecafe.D.FrankSterzerhasalargecoffeefactoryinMaoli.C(

)5.Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat__________.

A.thecoffeeshopwillclosesoonbecauseoflittlebusinessB.moreforeignerswillcometoChinatostartcoffeebusinessesC.FrankSterzerwillmovebacktoGermanysoonD.thedevelopmentofruralareaswillattractmorepeopletolivethereD三、语法填空。(2025·苏州)OnPingjiangRoadinSuzhou，65-year-oldMsWurunsatraditionalteahousefor30years.Sheneverexpected1.____________(oneself)tobecomeateamasterwhohelpedbuildaculturalbridge.

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