【答案】《Diagnosisandtreatmentofcommoncriticalconditionsandemergenciesincardiology》(浙江大学)章节期末慕课答案

【答案】《Diagnosisandtreatmentofcommoncriticalconditionsandemergenciesincardiology》(浙江大学)章节期末慕课答案有些题目顺序不一致，下载后按键盘ctrl+F进行搜索Chapter1:AcuteCoronarySyndrome章节测试1.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthealgorithmofadmitordischargeofacutecoronarysyndrome?

选项：

A、firsttroponinnegative,dischargefromtheEDwithearlycardiologyfollow-up

B、firsttroponinnegative,considerdeltatroponin

C、firsttroponinpositive,considerpotentialACS

D、troponinplaysasthekeyroleinthealgorithmofadmitordischarge

答案：【firsttroponinnegative,dischargefromtheEDwithearlycardiologyfollow-up】2.单选题：Whichsymptomisnotcorrespondtoacutecoronarysyndrome?

选项：

A、palpitations

B、pressure,squeezing,oraburningsensationacrosstheprecordium

C、precordiumpainradiatetotheneck,shoulder,jaw,back,upperabdomen,oreitherarm

D、increasedexercisetolerance

答案：【increasedexercisetolerance】3.单选题：Whichphysicalfindingisnotcorrespondtoacutecoronarysyndrome?

选项：

A、hypertension

B、diaphoresis

C、signsofleftheartfailure

D、Babinskisignpositive

答案：【Babinskisignpositive】4.单选题：Whichconditionisnotacutecoronarysyndrome?

选项：

A、ST-segmentelevationmyocardialinfarction

B、non–ST-segmentelevationmyocardialinfarction

C、pulmonaryembolism

D、unstableangina

答案：【pulmonaryembolism】5.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthepathogenesisofSTEMI?

选项：

A、startedwithatherosclerosis

B、plaqueformation,progression

C、plaqueulceration,fissuring,erosion

D、plaquegraduallygrowandblockbloodvessels

答案：【plaquegraduallygrowandblockbloodvessels】6.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutthetimelimitofdoortoballoontimeforpatientwithSTEMI?

选项：

A、within90minitues

B、within2hours

C、within24hours

D、dependsontheriskstratificationofpatients

答案：【within90minitues】7.单选题：Whichpotentialcomplicationisnotcorrespondtoacutecoronarysyndrome?

选项：

A、stroke

B、pulmonaryedema

C、ruptureofthepapillarymuscle

D、leftventricularfreewall,andventricularseptum

答案：【stroke】8.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthediagnosisofSTEMI?

选项：

A、STelevationinECG

B、troponinelevation

C、acutechestpatin

D、theresultsofthecardiacmarkersisessentialbeforethediagnosisofSTEM

答案：【theresultsofthecardiacmarkersisessentialbeforethediagnosisofSTEM】9.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutthereperfusiontherapyofNSTEMI?

选项：

A、shouldnotbeperformed

B、shouldbeperformedbasedonriskstratificationofNSTEMIpatients

C、shouldbeperformedassoonaspossible

D、shouldbeperformedin24hoursnomatterwhatriskstratificationofNSTEMIpatients

答案：【shouldbeperformedbasedonriskstratificationofNSTEMIpatients】10.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateabouttheetiologyofACS?

选项：

A、mostcasesofACSoccurfromapreviouslyseverelesion

B、mostcasesofACSoccurfromapreviouslystableplague

C、mostcasesofACSoccurfromagraduallyworseningseverelesion

D、mostcasesofACSoccurfromdisruptionofapreviouslynonseverelesion

答案：【mostcasesofACSoccurfromdisruptionofapreviouslynonseverelesion】Chapter2:AtrialFibrillation章节测试1.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthe2023ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRSGuidelineforAF?

选项：

A、catheterablationofAFreceivesaClass1indicationasfirst-linetherapyinappropriatelyselectedpatientswithheartfailurewithreducedejectionfraction

B、antiarrhythmicdrugsarereasonableforlong-termmaintenanceofsinusrhythmforpatientswithAFwhoarenotcandidatesforcatheterablation,whodeclineit,orwhopreferit

C、itoffersaClass1indicationforantiarrhythmicdrugtherapy

D、theguidelineupgradesitsrecommendationofleftatrialappendageocclusiondevicestoahigherClass2alevelbasedonadditionaldataonsafetyandefficacy

答案：【itoffersaClass1indicationforantiarrhythmicdrugtherapy】2.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthetreatmentforantithromboticprotectioninpatientswithACSandconcomitantAF?

选项：

A、long-termoralanticoagulanttherapyisrecommendedforpatientswithAFandaCHA2DS2-VAScscoreofatleast2inmenandatleast3inwomen

B、long-termoralanticoagulanttherapyshouldbeconsideredinpatientswithAFandaCHA2DS2-VAScscoreof1inmenand2inwomen

C、mostexpertsagreethataspirintherapyisbeneficialforpatientswithAFwhoareatlowriskforthromboticevents

D、AnantithromboticregimencomprisingaP2Y12inhibitorandafactorXainhibitorwithoutaspirinhasbeenshowntoreducebleedingriskinpatientswithAFandACS

答案：【mostexpertsagreethataspirintherapyisbeneficialforpatientswithAFwhoareatlowriskforthromboticevents】3.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttherate-controlstrategyforatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、non-dihydropyridine

B、calciumchannelblockers

C、beta-blockers

D、rivaroxaban

答案：【rivaroxaban】4.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、rhythmisirregularlyirregular

B、oftennormalheartbeat

C、Pwavesarediscernible

D、echocardiographycanhelpthediagnosisofatrialfibrillation

答案：【rhythmisirregularlyirregular】5.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthe2023ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRSGuidelineforAF?

选项：

A、catheterablationofAFreceivesaClass1indicationasfirst-linetherapyinappropriatelyselectedpatientswithheartfailurewithreducedejectionfraction

B、antiarrhythmicdrugsarereasonableforlong-termmaintenanceofsinusrhythmforpatientswithAFwhoarenotcandidatesforcatheterablation,whodeclineit,orwhopreferit

C、itoffersaClass1indicationforantiarrhythmicdrugtherapy

D、theguidelineupgradesitsrecommendationofleftatrialappendageocclusiondevicestoahigherClass2alevelbasedonadditionaldataonsafetyandefficacy

答案：【itoffersaClass1indicationforantiarrhythmicdrugtherapy】6.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheclassificationofatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、paroxysmalAF:episodesofAFthatterminatespontaneouslywithin7days

B、persistentAF:episodesofAFthatlastmorethan7daysandmayrequireeitherpharmacologicorelectricalinterventiontoterminate

C、long-standingpersistentAF:AFthathaspersistedformorethan1month

D、permanentAF:whenbothpatientandclinicianhavedecidedtoabortanyfurtherrestorationstrategiesaftersharedclinicaldecisionmaking

答案：【long-standingpersistentAF:AFthathaspersistedformorethan1month】7.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、atrialfibrillationhasnoassociationwithothercardiovasculardiseases

B、atrialfibrillationischaracterizedbyanregularandoftenrapidheartbeat

C、theexactmechanismsbywhichcardiovascularriskfactorspredisposetoAFarefullyunderstood

D、catecholamineexcess,hemodynamicstress,atrialischemia,atrialinflammation,metabolicstress,andneurohumoralcascadeactivationareallpurportedtopromoteAF

答案：【catecholamineexcess,hemodynamicstress,atrialischemia,atrialinflammation,metabolicstress,andneurohumoralcascadeactivationareallpurportedtopromoteAF】8.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheconsiderationtousearhythm-controlorarate-controlstrategyforatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、riskofstroke

B、likelihoodofmaintainingsinusrhythmaftersuccessfulcardioversion

C、presenceofcomorbidities

D、candidacyforAFablation

答案：【riskofstroke】9.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheclassificationofatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、paroxysmalAF:episodesofAFthatterminatespontaneouslywithin7days

B、persistentAF:episodesofAFthatlastmorethan7daysandmayrequireeitherpharmacologicorelectricalinterventiontoterminate

C、long-standingpersistentAF:AFthathaspersistedformorethan1month

D、permanentAF:whenbothpatientandclinicianhavedecidedtoabortanyfurtherrestorationstrategiesaftersharedclinicaldecisionmaking

答案：【long-standingpersistentAF:AFthathaspersistedformorethan1month】10.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、atrialfibrillationhasnoassociationwithothercardiovasculardiseases

B、atrialfibrillationischaracterizedbyanregularandoftenrapidheartbeat

C、theexactmechanismsbywhichcardiovascularriskfactorspredisposetoAFarefullyunderstood

D、catecholamineexcess,hemodynamicstress,atrialischemia,atrialinflammation,metabolicstress,andneurohumoralcascadeactivationareallpurportedtopromoteAF

答案：【catecholamineexcess,hemodynamicstress,atrialischemia,atrialinflammation,metabolicstress,andneurohumoralcascadeactivationareallpurportedtopromoteAF】11.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheassociationbetweenatrialfibrillationandstroke?

选项：

A、lifetimeriskfordevelopmentofAFare1in4formenandwomenover40yearsofage

B、AFincreasestheriskofstrokebyafactorof5

C、AFincreasestheriskofheartfailurebyafactorof5

D、AFassociatedstrokescarryanapproximate50%mortalityriskwithin1year

答案：【AFincreasestheriskofheartfailurebyafactorof5】12.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttherate-controlstrategyforatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、non-dihydropyridine

B、calciumchannelblockers

C、beta-blockers

D、rivaroxaban

答案：【rivaroxaban】13.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthe2014AHA/ACC/HRSguidelineforthemanagementofpatientswithatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、assessriskofstrokeinpatientswithnonvalvularAFbytheCHA2DS2-VAScscore

B、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint0prefernoantithrombotictherapy

C、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint1consideraspirin

D、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepointmorethan2preferoralanticoagulantlikewarfarinorNOACs

答案：【CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint1consideraspirin】14.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、patientslessthan65yearsofageandwithloneAFprefernoantithrombotictherapy

B、patientsmorethan65yearsofageorwithriskfactorsshouldbeassessedtheriskofstrokebytheCHA2DS2-Vascscore

C、CHA2DS2-Vascscore0prefernoantithrombotictherapy

D、CHA2DS2-Vascscoremorethan1preferVKA,andNOACisanalternativeoption

答案：【CHA2DS2-Vascscoremorethan1preferVKA,andNOACisanalternativeoption】15.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthe2014AHA/ACC/HRSguidelineforthemanagementofpatientswithatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、assessriskofstrokeinpatientswithnonvalvularAFbytheCHA2DS2-VAScscore

B、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint0prefernoantithrombotictherapy

C、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint1consideraspirin

D、CHA2DS2-VAScscorepointmorethan2preferoralanticoagulantlikewarfarinorNOACs

答案：【CHA2DS2-VAScscorepoint1consideraspirin】16.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、rhythmisirregularlyirregular

B、oftennormalheartbeat

C、Pwavesarediscernible

D、echocardiographycanhelpthediagnosisofatrialfibrillation

答案：【rhythmisirregularlyirregular】17.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、patientslessthan65yearsofageandwithloneAFprefernoantithrombotictherapy

B、patientsmorethan65yearsofageorwithriskfactorsshouldbeassessedtheriskofstrokebytheCHA2DS2-Vascscore

C、CHA2DS2-Vascscore0prefernoantithrombotictherapy

D、CHA2DS2-Vascscoremorethan1preferVKA,andNOACisanalternativeoption

答案：【CHA2DS2-Vascscoremorethan1preferVKA,andNOACisanalternativeoption】18.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthetreatmentforantithromboticprotectioninpatientswithACSandconcomitantAF?

选项：

A、long-termoralanticoagulanttherapyisrecommendedforpatientswithAFandaCHA2DS2-VAScscoreofatleast2inmenandatleast3inwomen

B、long-termoralanticoagulanttherapyshouldbeconsideredinpatientswithAFandaCHA2DS2-VAScscoreof1inmenand2inwomen

C、mostexpertsagreethataspirintherapyisbeneficialforpatientswithAFwhoareatlowriskforthromboticevents

D、AnantithromboticregimencomprisingaP2Y12inhibitorandafactorXainhibitorwithoutaspirinhasbeenshowntoreducebleedingriskinpatientswithAFandACS

答案：【mostexpertsagreethataspirintherapyisbeneficialforpatientswithAFwhoareatlowriskforthromboticevents】19.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheconsiderationtousearhythm-controlorarate-controlstrategyforatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、riskofstroke

B、likelihoodofmaintainingsinusrhythmaftersuccessfulcardioversion

C、presenceofcomorbidities

D、candidacyforAFablation

答案：【riskofstroke】20.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheassociationbetweenatrialfibrillationandstroke?

选项：

A、lifetimeriskfordevelopmentofAFare1in4formenandwomenover40yearsofage

B、AFincreasestheriskofstrokebyafactorof5

C、AFincreasestheriskofheartfailurebyafactorof5

D、AFassociatedstrokescarryanapproximate50%mortalityriskwithin1year

答案：【AFincreasestheriskofheartfailurebyafactorof5】Chapter3:HeartFailure章节测试1.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthepharmacologictherapyofheartfailure?

选项：

A、diuretics

B、vasodilators

C、inotropicagents

D、0.9%NSinfusion

答案：【0.9%NSinfusion】2.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheFraminghamminorcriteriaforthediagnosisofheartfailure?

选项：

A、paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea

B、dyspneaonordinaryexertion

C、adecreaseinvitalcapacitybyonethirdthemaximalvaluerecorded

D、pleuraleffusion;tachycardia(rateof120bpm)

答案：【paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea】3.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthemanagementofheartfailure?

选项：

A、rightheartcatheterizationshouldbeconsideredinallpatientsinwhomHFisthoughttobeduetoconstrictivepericarditis,restrictivecardiomyopathy,congenitalheartdisease,andhighoutputstress

B、SGLT2IsarerecommendedforpatientswithHFrEFtoreducetheriskofhospitalizationanddeathduetoHF

C、hearttransplantationisrecommendedforpatientswhohaveadvancedHFthatisrefractorytomedical/devicetherapyandwhodonothaveabsolutecontraindications

D、SGLT2inhibitorsarenotrecommendedinheartfailurepatientswithouttype2diabetesmellitus

答案：【SGLT2inhibitorsarenotrecommendedinheartfailurepatientswithouttype2diabetesmellitus】4.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheSGLT2inhibitorsforHF?

选项：

A、SGLT2inhibitorsreducedall-causedeath,aswellasreadmissionsforHF

B、SGLT2inhibitorswerealsoassociatedwithahighervolumeofdiuresisdespiteuseoflowerdoseloopdiuretics

C、ResearchfoundthatSGLT2inhibitorsdidnotreducetheincidenceofAFinpatientswithHF

D、SGLT2inhibitorsarerecommendinpatientswithHFrEF,ratherthanHFpEF

答案：【SGLT2inhibitorsarerecommendinpatientswithHFrEF,ratherthanHFpEF】5.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthepharmacologictherapyofheartfailure?

选项：

A、diuretics

B、vasodilators

C、inotropicagents

D、0.9%NSinfusion

答案：【0.9%NSinfusion】6.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthesignsandsymptomsofheartfailure?

选项：

A、exertionaldyspneaand/ordyspneaatrest

B、orthopnea

C、acutepulmonaryedema

D、aphasia

答案：【aphasia】7.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthemanagementofheartfailure?

选项：

A、addinghypertonicsalineduringtreatmentofacutedecompensatedHF

B、normalfluidintakeisgenerallyconsideredtobe1.5to2.5L/day(correspondingto15-30mL/kg/day)

C、amoreliberalfluidpolicyisonethatisover2.5-3.0L/day

D、arestrictivefluidpolicyistypicallyonethatislessthan1-1.5L/day

答案：【addinghypertonicsalineduringtreatmentofacutedecompensatedHF】8.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheSGLT2inhibitorsforHF?

选项：

A、SGLT2inhibitorsreducedall-causedeath,aswellasreadmissionsforHF

B、SGLT2inhibitorswerealsoassociatedwithahighervolumeofdiuresisdespiteuseoflowerdoseloopdiuretics

C、ResearchfoundthatSGLT2inhibitorsdidnotreducetheincidenceofAFinpatientswithHF

D、SGLT2inhibitorsarerecommendinpatientswithHFrEF,ratherthanHFpEF

答案：【SGLT2inhibitorsarerecommendinpatientswithHFrEF,ratherthanHFpEF】9.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheNewYorkHeartAssociation(NYHA)classificationsystemofheartfailure?

选项：

A、classI:nolimitationofphysicalactivity

B、classII:slightlimitationofphysicalactivity

C、classIII:markedlimitationofphysicalactivity

D、classIV:totallylimitationofphysicalactivity

答案：【classIV:totallylimitationofphysicalactivity】10.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthemanagementofheartfailure?

选项：

A、rightheartcatheterizationshouldbeconsideredinallpatientsinwhomHFisthoughttobeduetoconstrictivepericarditis,restrictivecardiomyopathy,congenitalheartdisease,andhighoutputstress

B、SGLT2IsarerecommendedforpatientswithHFrEFtoreducetheriskofhospitalizationanddeathduetoHF

C、hearttransplantationisrecommendedforpatientswhohaveadvancedHFthatisrefractorytomedical/devicetherapyandwhodonothaveabsolutecontraindications

D、SGLT2inhibitorsarenotrecommendedinheartfailurepatientswithouttype2diabetesmellitus

答案：【SGLT2inhibitorsarenotrecommendedinheartfailurepatientswithouttype2diabetesmellitus】11.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheevidence-basedBNPandNT-proBNPcutoffvaluesfordiagnosingheartfailure?

选项：

A、age>17,NT-proBNP>500consideredHFlikely

B、age21-50,NT-proBNP,>450consideredHFlikely

C、age50-75,NT-proBNP,>900consideredHFlikely

D、age>75,NT-proBNP,>1800consideredHFlikely

答案：【age>17,NT-proBNP>500consideredHFlikely】12.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthemanagementofheartfailure?

选项：

A、addinghypertonicsalineduringtreatmentofacutedecompensatedHF

B、normalfluidintakeisgenerallyconsideredtobe1.5to2.5L/day(correspondingto15-30mL/kg/day)

C、amoreliberalfluidpolicyisonethatisover2.5-3.0L/day

D、arestrictivefluidpolicyistypicallyonethatislessthan1-1.5L/day

答案：【addinghypertonicsalineduringtreatmentofacutedecompensatedHF】13.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheevidence-basedBNPandNT-proBNPcutoffvaluesfordiagnosingheartfailure?

选项：

A、age>17,NT-proBNP>500consideredHFlikely

B、age21-50,NT-proBNP,>450consideredHFlikely

C、age50-75,NT-proBNP,>900consideredHFlikely

D、age>75,NT-proBNP,>1800consideredHFlikely

答案：【age>17,NT-proBNP>500consideredHFlikely】14.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheAmericanCollegeofCardiology/AmericanHeartAssociation(ACC/AHA)stagingsystemofheartfailure?

选项：

A、stageA:nocorrespondingNYHAfunctionalclassification

B、stageB:correspondswithpatientswithNYHAclassI

C、stageC:themajorityofpatientswithheartfailureareinthisstage,correspondswithNYHAclassesI,II,IIIandIV

D、stageD:CorrespondswithpatientswithNYHAclassIIIandIV

答案：【stageD:CorrespondswithpatientswithNYHAclassIIIandIV】15.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheNewYorkHeartAssociation(NYHA)classificationsystemofheartfailure?

选项：

A、classI:nolimitationofphysicalactivity

B、classII:slightlimitationofphysicalactivity

C、classIII:markedlimitationofphysicalactivity

D、classIV:totallylimitationofphysicalactivity

答案：【classIV:totallylimitationofphysicalactivity】16.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthesignsandsymptomsofheartfailure?

选项：

A、exertionaldyspneaand/ordyspneaatrest

B、orthopnea

C、acutepulmonaryedema

D、aphasia

答案：【aphasia】17.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthecauseofheartfailure?

选项：

A、structuralabnormalitiesthataffecttheperipheralandcoronaryarterialcirculation,pericardium,myocardium,orcardiacvalves,thusleadingtoincreasedhemodynamicburdenormyocardialorcoronaryinsufficiency

B、anincreasedhemodynamicburdenorareductioninoxygendeliverytothemyocardiumresultsinimpairmentofmyocardialcontraction

C、overtheartfailuremaybeprecipitatedbyprogressionoftheunderlyingheartdiseaseorvariousconditionsormedicationsthatalterthehomeostasisofheartfailurepatients

D、ischemiccardiomyopathiesareknowngeneticcausesofheartfailure

答案：【ischemiccardiomyopathiesareknowngeneticcausesofheartfailure】18.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheAmericanCollegeofCardiology/AmericanHeartAssociation(ACC/AHA)stagingsystemofheartfailure?

选项：

A、stageA:nocorrespondingNYHAfunctionalclassification

B、stageB:correspondswithpatientswithNYHAclassI

C、stageC:themajorityofpatientswithheartfailureareinthisstage,correspondswithNYHAclassesI,II,IIIandIV

D、stageD:CorrespondswithpatientswithNYHAclassIIIandIV

答案：【stageD:CorrespondswithpatientswithNYHAclassIIIandIV】19.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheFraminghamminorcriteriaforthediagnosisofheartfailure?

选项：

A、paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea

B、dyspneaonordinaryexertion

C、adecreaseinvitalcapacitybyonethirdthemaximalvaluerecorded

D、pleuraleffusion;tachycardia(rateof120bpm)

答案：【paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea】20.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthecauseofheartfailure?

选项：

A、structuralabnormalitiesthataffecttheperipheralandcoronaryarterialcirculation,pericardium,myocardium,orcardiacvalves,thusleadingtoincreasedhemodynamicburdenormyocardialorcoronaryinsufficiency

B、anincreasedhemodynamicburdenorareductioninoxygendeliverytothemyocardiumresultsinimpairmentofmyocardialcontraction

C、overtheartfailuremaybeprecipitatedbyprogressionoftheunderlyingheartdiseaseorvariousconditionsormedicationsthatalterthehomeostasisofheartfailurepatients

D、ischemiccardiomyopathiesareknowngeneticcausesofheartfailure

答案：【ischemiccardiomyopathiesareknowngeneticcausesofheartfailure】期末测试期末测试1.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateregardingtheworkupofACS?

选项：

A、normaltroponinforthefirsttimecanexcludethepossibilitythatchestpainisischemicinorigin

B、CKMBlevelsalonemaybeusedtodetectACS

C、coronaryangiographyisroutinelyindicatedasafirst-linetestfordiagnosisofACS

D、high-sensitivitycardiactroponinisthemostvaluablelaboratorytestingindetectingmyocardialinfarctions

答案：【high-sensitivitycardiactroponinisthemostvaluablelaboratorytestingindetectingmyocardialinfarctions】2.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutheartfailure?

选项：

A、thecommonpathophysiologicstatethatperpetuatestheprogressionofheartfailureisextremelycomplex,regardlessoftheprecipitatingevent

B、compensatorymechanismsexistoneveryleveloforganization,fromthesubcellularallthewaythroughtoorgan-to-organinteractions

C、heartfailuredevelopswhentheheart,viaanabnormalityofcardiacfunction(detectableornot),failstopumpbloodataratecommensuratewiththerequirementsofthemetabolizingtissuesorisabletodosoonlywithanelevateddiastolicfillingpressure

D、thelistofcausesresponsibleforpresentationofapatientwithheartfailureexacerbationisverylong,andsearchingfortheproximatecausetooptimizetherapeuticinterventionsisawasteoftime

答案：【thelistofcausesresponsibleforpresentationofapatientwithheartfailureexacerbationisverylong,andsearchingfortheproximatecausetooptimizetherapeuticinterventionsisawasteoftime】3.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutthetimelimitofdoortoneedletimeforpatientwithSTEMI?

选项：

A、within30minitues

B、within2hours

C、within24hours

D、dependsontheriskstratificationofpatients

答案：【within30minitues】4.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutthepresentationofACS?

选项：

A、exertionaldyspneaduetoACScanresolveswithpainandimproveswithrest

B、hypertensiontypicallyindicatesventriculardysfunctionduetomyocardialischemia

C、ralesonpulmonaryexaminationmaysuggestrightventriculardysfunctionoraorticvalveregurgitation

D、womenarelesslikelytohaveatypicalsymptomscomparedwithmen

答案：【exertionaldyspneaduetoACScanresolveswithpainandimproveswithrest】5.单选题：Whatisacardinalsymptomofleftventricular(LV)heartfailure?

选项：

A、Chestpainatrest

B、Dyspnea

C、Abdominalswelling

D、Paresthesiasinthehandsandfeet

答案：【Dyspnea】6.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthetreatmentforantithromboticprotectioninpatientswithACSandconcomitantAF?

选项：

A、formanypatients,theuseofadirectoralanticoagulantplusaP2Y12inhibitorearlyafterACSand/orpercutaneouscoronaryinterventionwouldbemostadvantageous

B、inpatientswhoareathighbleedingrisk,ashortercourseoftripletherapyisappropriate

C、theuseofdualantiplatelettherapycansufficientlyprotectpatientsagainststroke

D、oralanticoagulantmonotherapy,eitheradirectoralanticoagulantorvitaminKantagonist,doesnotprotectpatientsagainstnewcoronaryevents

答案：【theuseofdualantiplatelettherapycansufficientlyprotectpatientsagainststroke】7.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateaboutthe2016ESCguidelinesforthemanagementofatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、NOACsarerecommendedoverVKAsoraspirininpatientswithapreviousstroke

B、afterTIAorstroke,combinationtherapyofOACandanantiplateletisrecommended

C、followingaTIAorstrokewhileonanticoagulation:anticoagulationshouldbeinterruptedfor3to12daystoassessacutestrokeandbleedingriskafteramoderatetosevereischemicstroke

D、followingICH,treatthecauseofbleedingandreinitiateOACafter4to8weeks

答案：【afterTIAorstroke,combinationtherapyofOACandanantiplateletisrecommended】8.单选题：WhichofthefollowingisaccurateaboutthereperfusiontherapyofSTEMI?

选项：

A、shouldnotbeperformed

B、shouldbeperformedbasedonriskstratificationofSTEMIpatients

C、shouldbeperformedassoonaspossible

D、shouldbeperformedin24hours

答案：【shouldbeperformedassoonaspossible】9.单选题：Duringcardiopulmonarystresstestingwiththe6-minutewalkassessment,whatdistancewalkedisconsideredanormalvalue?

选项：

A、300feet

B、1500feet

C、600feet

D、1200feet

答案：【1500feet】10.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisnotaccurateabouttheanticoagulationtherapyinatrialfibrillation?

选项：

A、goalsarepreventischemicstroke

B、considerminimizehemorrhagicstroke

C、isthecornerstoneofAFmanagement

D、isrecommendedforallAFpatients

答案：【isrecommendedforallAFpatients】11.多选题：Whichofthefollowing