2026年中考复习专题十五 主谓一致课件

专题十五主谓一致谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫作主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一、语法一致原则语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。1.一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词、动词不定式、动名词短语或从句时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.为人民服务是我极大的幸福。2.当主语后面跟由aswellas、alongwith、with、togetherwith、but、except、besides等引导的短语时，其谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited.

老师和同学们都很兴奋。3.由and或both...and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。The

poet

and

writer

has

come.这位诗人兼作家已经来了。4.主语为eachof或由any-、every-、some-、no-构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Somebody

is

using

the

phone.

有人正在用电话。5.表示成双或成对的衣物或工具的名词，如glasses、shoes、trousers、chopsticks、scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

如果这类名词前用a

pair

of等修饰，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。This

pair

of

shoes

is

Tom’s.这双鞋是Tom的。二、意义一致原则意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义所决定。主语构成谓语示例表时间、距离、价格等的名词单数Ten

years

is

quite

a

long

time.“the＋形容词”表示一类人复数The

young

need

to

care

for

the

old.主语构成谓语示例集体名词如family、class、team、group、public、government、police等取决于主语的意义My

family

are

crazy

about

singing.“the＋姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人复数The

Browns

are

on

vacation.①“a

number

of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。“the

number

of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。The

number

of

women

workers

in

this

factory

is

120.这个工厂女职工的人数是120。②a

lot

of/lots

of/plenty

of...作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后的名词。③“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后的名词。70％

of

the

workers

in

this

factory

are

women.这个工厂70％的工人是妇女。三、就近一致原则就近一致是指谓语动词的数要跟与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。1.用or、notonly...butalso...、either...or...、neither...nor...等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。NotonlyIbutalsosheisenjoyingthefilm.我和她都在津津有味地看电影。2.在Therebe句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。There

are

three

books

and

a

pen

on

the

desk.桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。3.以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。Here

is

a

letter

and

some

books

for

you.

这里有一封信和一些书要给你。1.(2023福建)NiePeng____(be)ayoungvillagerinNiejiazhuang.Heiscrazyaboutclaysculpturehandicrafts.2.(2025漳州二检)Thebuildingsarenowopentotourists，butthere______(be)stillmanyfamilieslivingtogetherinthem.123456789101112isare3.(2025福州一检)Itoftenhasahandleofwood，anditalways______(use)realanimalhairforitsbrush.4.(2025泉州二检)Whatisspecialaboutthispaintingisthatit_______(make)thingsupcloselookveryreal，butthingsfarawaylookmorelikeadream.123456789101112usesmakes5.(2025宁德一检)AsatraditionalChinesesnack，tanghulu

______(have)alonghistorydatingbacktotheSongDynasty.6.(2025厦门一检)Makinglacquerware(漆器)____________(require)patienceandskills.123456789101112hasrequires7.(2024福州二检)Iamonlysuggestingthatyoushouldthinkwiselyaboutwhetherthethingyouareplanningtodoorbuy____(be)reallyworthwhileorwhetheritsbenefits(利益)willlastforalittlewhile.8.(2024南平二检)Men’sTangzhuanghasaspecialcollar，opensinthefront，andhasbuttons.ItstartedoutlookinglikeTangDynastyclothes，butnowit____(be)modern.123456789101112isis9.(2024三明二检)AprimaryschoolinNanjinghasjustopenedaherbfarm.Morethan30herbsareplanted.Studentsthere_____(be)guidedbydoctorsfromaTCMhospitaltotelldifferentherbsandlearnplantdevelopment，medicalvalueaswellasgrowingherbs.10.(2024漳州二检)There____(be)dozensofidioms，expressions，sayingsthatarerootedinxiangqi.123456789101112areare11.(2024莆田二检)DuringtheSpringFestival，LiuHuiminsetsupafurnace(熔炉)withhisteam.Insidethefurnace，there____(be)burning-hotliquid(液体)iron.12.(2023泉州二检)Theymetagainthefollowingyear.These_______(be)theonlychancesforthemtomeetfacetoface，althoughtheycontinuedwiththeirrelationshipthroughpoetry.123456789101112iswere【补充训练】选择填空(

)1.—Thenumberofworkersinthisfactory

over200.—Someofthemarewomenworkers.A.is

B.are

C.be(

)2.—What’sinthepictureonthewall？—There

ateacherandsomestudentsplayingsoccerontheplayground.A.has B.are C.is123456789101112AC(

)3.BothMikeandI

readyforthenewhighschoollife.A.are B.am C.is(

)4.NotonlyJimbutalsohissister

afewcitiessincetheycametoChina.A.havevisited B.hasvisited C.visited123456789101112AB(

)5.—Whatareyougoingtodotomorrowafternoon？—There

awonderfulmovieandIwouldliketowatchitwithmyfriends.A.isgoingtohave

B.isgoingtobe C.willhave(

)6.About

ofthestudentsinourclass

totheplanofhelpingtheoldpeoplethisweekend.A.twothirds；agree B.twothirds；agrees C.twothird；agrees123456789101112BA(

)7.Thewriterandspeaker

aspeechonChinesecultureinthehallnow.A.aregiving B.isgiving C.willgive(

)8.Tomwithhisfriendsoften

totheol