2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解题库含长难句解析

2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解题库含长难句解析一、主旨题（共3题，每题2分）1.题目Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.A)thehistoricaldevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologiesB)theeconomicandenvironmentalimpactsoffossilfuelsC)thechallengesandopportunitiesintransitioningtocleanenergyD)theroleofgovernmentpoliciesinpromotingsustainabledevelopment答案与解析答案：C解析：主旨题需通读全文，把握文章核心观点。本文围绕“清洁能源转型”展开，分析其面临的挑战与机遇，选项C准确概括了文章主旨。选项A（历史发展）和选项B（化石燃料影响）仅涉及部分内容，选项D（政府政策）虽被提及，但并非全文核心。2.题目Whatisthemainargumentofthepassage?A)Renewableenergyistheonlysolutiontoclimatechange.B)Thetransitiontocleanenergyrequiressignificantinvestmentandinnovation.C)Governmentsubsidiesareessentialforthegrowthofrenewableenergyindustries.D)Fossilfuelswillremaindominantintheglobalenergymarketfordecades.答案与解析答案：B解析：文章强调清洁能源转型面临的现实挑战，如资金、技术等，选项B精准反映此观点。选项A过于绝对，选项C（政府补贴）和选项D（化石燃料主导）仅是部分论据，非核心论点。3.题目Thepassagesuggeststhatthefutureofenergywilldependon______.A)technologicaladvancementsinsolarandwindpowerB)thewillingnessofconsumerstoadoptsustainablepracticesC)internationalcooperationtoreducecarbonemissionsD)thebalancebetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection答案与解析答案：D解析：文章指出能源发展需兼顾经济与环境，选项D体现此平衡关系。选项A（技术进步）、选项B（消费者行为）和选项C（国际合作）虽被提及，但并非决定性因素。二、细节题（共4题，每题2分）1.题目Accordingtothepassage,whatisonemajorobstacletotheadoptionofrenewableenergy?A)Highinitialcostsofsolarpanels.B)Lackofgovernmentsupport.C)Insufficientinfrastructureforwindturbines.D)Publicresistancetonewenergysystems.答案与解析答案：A解析：文中明确提到“thehighupfrontinvestmentinrenewabletechnologiesisasignificantbarrier,”即选项A。其他选项虽被提及，但非主要障碍。2.题目ThepassagementionsastudybyGreenTechResearchthat______.A)predictsa50%increaseinrenewableenergyusageby2030B)highlightstheinefficiencyofcurrentsolarfarmsC)criticizesgovernmentsubsidiesforcleanenergyD)arguesthatwindpowerismorecost-effectivethanhydroelectricpower答案与解析答案：A解析：文中引用GreenTechResearch的预测数据（“a50%riseinsolarandwindcapacityby2030”），选项A与之吻合。其他选项与原文不符。3.题目Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofcoalpower?A)Itwillbecompletelyreplacedbyrenewablesourcesby2050.B)Itwillremainrelevantonlyindevelopingcountries.C)Itwillfaceincreasingcompetitionfromcleanenergy.D)Itwillreceivemoregovernmentfundingtoimproveefficiency.答案与解析答案：C解析：文章指出“coalwillstillplayarole,butitsdominanceisdecliningduetocompetitionfromrenewables,”即选项C。其他选项过于绝对或与原文矛盾。4.题目Thephrase"atippingpoint"inthepassagerefersto______.A)themomentwhenrenewableenergybecomesmoreaffordableB)thepointwhenfossilfuelsarephasedoutgloballyC)themomentwhenenvironmentalregulationsbecomestricterD)themomentwhencleanenergytechnologiesarefullymature答案与解析答案：A解析：文中提到“renewablesmayreachatippingpointwherecostsdropsignificantly,”即选项A。其他选项扩大或曲解了原文含义。三、推理题（共3题，每题2分）1.题目Iftheauthorweretodiscussnuclearenergy,whatstancemighttheytake?A)Stronglysupportitasacarbon-freealternative.B)Argueagainstitduetosafetyconcerns.C)Recommenditasabridgetorenewableenergy.D)Suggestitisunnecessaryforenergytransitions.答案与解析答案：C解析：文章虽未直接提及核能，但强调“intermediatesolutions”的重要性，核能可作为过渡方案，选项C符合逻辑推理。2.题目Whatcanbeinferredabouttheattitudeofrenewableenergyadvocates?A)Theyarepessimisticaboutthefutureoffossilfuels.B)Theybelievetechnologicalinnovationalonecansolveclimateissues.C)Theyareconcernedabouttheeconomiccostsofcleanenergy.D)Theyprioritizeenvironmentalgoalsovereconomicgrowth.答案与解析答案：D解析：文章多次强调平衡经济与环境，选项D反映这种务实态度。其他选项过于片面或极端。3.题目Thepassagesuggeststhatifgovernmentsfailtoact,whatwilllikelyhappen?A)Renewableenergywillneverbecomemainstream.B)Fossilfuelusagewilldeclinenaturally.C)Energypriceswillrisesignificantly.D)Technologicalprogresswillstagnate.答案与解析答案：C解析：文中指出“policysupportiscriticaltoavoidhigherenergycosts,”即选项C。其他选项过于绝对或与原文矛盾。四、词汇题（共3题，每题0.5分）1.题目Theword"subsidies"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A)taxesB)incentivesC)regulationsD)penalties答案与解析答案：B解析：原文“governmentsubsidies”指政府资助，即“incentives”（激励措施）。其他选项词义不符。2.题目Theword"obstacles"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A)opportunitiesB)barriersC)benefitsD)solutions答案与解析答案：B解析：原文“significantobstacles”指挑战或障碍，即“barriers”（障碍）。其他选项与语境矛盾。3.题目Theword"tippingpoint"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A)aturningpointB)aproblemC)adelayD)afailure答案与解析答案：A解析：原文“reachingatippingpoint”指关键转折，即“aturningpoint”（转折点）。其他选项偏离词义。五、长难句解析（共2题，每题2分）1.题目"Despitethehighupfrontinvestmentrequiredforrenewabletechnologies,theirlong-termeconomicbenefits—suchasreducedoperationalcostsandminimalmaintenance—makethemaviablealternativetofossilfuels."Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesentence'sstructure?A)Adverbialclausemodifyingthemainclause.B)Independentclausewithacompoundpredicate.C)Dependentclausefollowedbyanappositivephrase.D)Mainclausewithaparticipialphrase.答案与解析答案：A解析：句子结构：-主句：Theirlong-termeconomicbenefitsmakethemaviablealternative.-让步状语从句：Despitethehighupfrontinvestmentrequiredforrenewabletechnologies.选项A准确描述了让步状语从句修饰主句的关系。2.题目"Thetransitiontocleanenergyisnotmerelyatechnological