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2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、AccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whichvesselisthe'stand-on'vesselinacrossingsituation?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardside

B.Thevesselontheportside

C.Thegive-wayvessel

D.Thefastervessel

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察交叉相遇局面中直航船(stand-onvessel)的定义。根据COLREGs,交叉相遇时,“让路船(give-wayvessel)”位于直航船的右舷,直航船则位于让路船的左舷(portside),因此B正确。A为让路船(右舷船需给左舷船让路);C“give-wayvessel”是让路船而非直航船;D速度快慢非判断直航/让路的依据。2、Whatdoestheterm'Piloting'refertoinmaritimeoperations?

A.Theprocessofguidingavesselintooroutofaportusinglocalknowledgeandexpertise

B.Theautomatedsystemthatmaintainsavessel'scourseusingGPSandradar

C.Thetransmissionofnavigationalwarningsbetweenshipsandshorestations

D.Thecalculationofavessel'spositionusingcelestialobservations

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语“引航”的定义。引航(Piloting)特指利用当地水域的专业知识和经验引导船舶进出港口或复杂水域,符合选项A描述。选项B描述的是自动导航系统(如GPS/雷达导航),选项C是航行警告通信,选项D是天文定位法,均不符合“引航”的定义。3、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whentwopower-drivenvesselsarecrossing,whichvesselhastherightofway(stand-onvessel)?

A.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherportside

B.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardside

C.Thefastervessel

D.Thesmallervessel

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中交叉相遇局面的航行权。正确答案为A,因为根据COLREGs,交叉相遇时,“thevesselwhichhastheotheronherportside”(右舷船为让路船,左舷船为直航船)享有优先航行权(直航船)。选项B错误,因为“thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardside”是让路船,需采取避让行动;选项C和D错误,速度和船舶大小不影响交叉相遇时的航行权判定。4、Whichnauticaltermreferstothedirection'behindthevessel'?

A.Astern

B.Ahead

C.Port

D.Starboard

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海方位术语。正确答案为A,因为“astern”在航海中特指“船尾方向”,即“behindthevessel”。选项B“Ahead”意为“向前”,指船首方向;选项C“Port”和D“Starboard”分别指“左舷”和“右舷”,均为船舶侧面方位,而非后方方向。5、WhatistheprimaryresponsibilityoftheMasterinimplementingtheSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)?

A.CompiletheSMSmanual

B.EnsuretheSMSiseffectivelyoperated

C.ConductinternalauditsofSMS

D.TraincrewforSMScompliance

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船长在安全管理体系中的核心职责。选项A'CompiletheSMSmanual'(编写SMS手册)通常由公司指定部门完成,船长负责执行而非编制;选项B'EnsuretheSMSiseffectivelyoperated'(确保SMS有效运行)是船长的法定职责,需通过日常监督、应急处置等确保体系落地;选项C'Conductinternalaudits'(执行内部审核)由指定审核员或公司安全管理部门负责;选项D'TraincrewforSMSrequirements'(培训船员符合SMS要求)属于公司培训部门职责,船长协助落实。因此正确答案为B。6、Whichtermreferstothespeedatwhichavesselcanbestoppedandturnedinagivendistance,consideringprevailingseaconditionsandnavigationalhazards?

A.Safespeed

B.Minimumspeed

C.Maximumspeed

D.Steamingspeed

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察安全航速的定义。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及航海实践,安全航速(Safespeed)是指船舶在当时环境和情况下,能够采取适当而有效的避碰行动,并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离内把船停住的速度。B选项“Minimumspeed”(最低速度)无行业定义,仅指理论下限;C选项“Maximumspeed”(最高速度)是船舶设计的最大航行速度,未考虑安全因素;D选项“Steamingspeed”(航行速度)是船舶通常航行时的速度,不涉及安全停船距离。因此正确答案为A。7、在能见度不良的水域中,锚泊船为引起附近船舶注意,应采取的信号措施是?

A.每1分钟鸣放一长声号笛

B.开启所有航行灯

C.显示号型(垂直两个球体)

D.使用雷达反射器

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察能见度不良时锚泊船的信号规定。根据《国际避碰规则》,能见度不良时,锚泊船应每1分钟鸣放一长声号笛以发出听觉信号。选项B(航行灯)是持续显示的视觉信号,在能见度不良时无法有效引起注意;选项C(号型)主要用于白天识别,非听觉信号;选项D(雷达反射器)需配合主动设备使用,本身不发出信号。因此正确答案为A。8、WhichofthefollowingisarecognizeddistresssignalundertheInternationalCodeofSignals(ICS)?

A.Singleletter'N'flag(Nflagalone)

B.Redsquareoverwhitesquare(InternationalCodeflags)

C.Greenball(Greencircle)displayedonthevessel

D.Yellowflagwithblacksquare(InternationalCodeflags)

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察国际信号规则中的遇险信号识别。根据《国际信号规则》,遇险信号需使用特定的遇险信号旗组合,其中红方旗(N旗)叠加白方旗(S旗)是国际通用的遇险信号组合(对应ICS中遇险信号代码)。选项A(单独字母旗)、C(绿色球,用于特定作业信号,非遇险)、D(黄底黑方旗,为危险货物信号)均非遇险信号。正确答案为B。9、InacrossingsituationasdefinedinCOLREGs,whichvesselisthegive-wayvessel?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardsideoftheothervessel

B.Thevesselontheportsideoftheothervessel

C.Thevesselwiththegreaterspeed

D.Thevesselwiththesmallerspeed

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察《国际海上避碰规则》(COLREGs)中交叉相遇局面的让路船定义。根据COLREGsRule14,交叉相遇局面中,‘thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardside’(即相对于让路船,他船位于本船右舷)是让路船。B错误,因左舷他船的船舶为直航船;C、D错误,速度非交叉相遇局面中判断让路船的依据。10、Innauticalterms,themeaningof'Sternway'isthevessel'sspeedwhenmovinginwhichdirection?

A.Aheadinthesterndirection

B.Aheadinthebowdirection

C.Sideways(transversemovement)

D.Acceleratingrapidly

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语含义。Sternway由“Stern”(船尾)和“way”(航行状态/速度)组成,指船舶以船尾方向前进的航行状态(即倒退航行),对应选项A。选项B(船首方向前进)应为“Bowway”;选项C(横向移动)通常称为“Sidewaysmovement”或“Drift”;选项D(快速加速)与“Sternway”无关,故正确答案为A。11、ThemainfunctionofaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)receiverinmarinenavigationisto______.

A.Determinetheship'spositionandspeed

B.Detectnearbyvesselswithinradarrange

C.Measuretheship'sdraftaccurately

D.Monitorengineperformanceparameters

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察GPS在航海中的功能。GPS通过卫星信号实时计算船舶经纬度(定位)和对地速度(测速),是船舶导航的核心设备。选项B(探测附近船舶)是雷达的功能;选项C(测吃水)需使用声呐测深仪;选项D(监测主机参数)属于船舶自动化系统(如机舱监控系统)。因此正确答案为A。12、Whenaweatherforecastindicates'mist',whichofthefollowingbestdescribesitsvisibilityrange?

A.Lessthan0.5nauticalmiles

B.0.5to1nauticalmiles

C.1to5nauticalmiles

D.5to10nauticalmiles

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察气象能见度术语。正确答案为C,根据国际气象组织标准,“mist(雾)”指能见度在1至5海里(约1.85至9.25公里)的天气现象,此时空气湿度大但能见度较清晰。选项A(<0.5海里)为“fog(浓雾)”;选项B(0.5-1海里)为“轻雾”(Fog);选项D(5-10海里)为“霾(Haze)”,均不符合“mist”的定义。13、Incaseofafireonboard,whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRSTaccordingtoSOLASregulations?

A.Immediatelyabandonthevessel

B.Callthenearestportfiredepartmentforassistance

C.Initiatetheship'sfire-fightingplanandassigncrewduties

D.Usethevessel'sdistresssignalstocallforhelp

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约下船长的火灾应急职责。根据SOLAS,船长在火灾发生时的首要任务是启动消防应急预案,明确指挥系统并分配船员执行灭火、报警、疏散等任务。选项A(弃船)为极端情况,非优先;选项B(呼叫消防队)需在本船自救基础上协调外部支援;选项D(求救)仅在火灾失控时使用。正确答案为C。14、Whenthemasterintendstomaintainaconstantcourseduringnavigation,theappropriatecommandis:

A.Setanddrift

B.Steadyheading

C.Speedcontrol

D.Positionfixing

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶操纵英语指令的理解。选项A'Setanddrift'指水流偏航和漂移,是描述船舶位置偏差的术语,非指令;选项C'Speedcontrol'仅涉及速度调节,与保持航向无关;选项D'Positionfixing'是定位操作,非航向指令。正确答案B'Steadyheading'意为“保持航向”,符合船长维持恒向航行的指令需求。15、ToobtainaMaster'sCertificateofCompetencyunderSTCW,whichofthefollowingisamandatoryrequirement?

A.Completionofarecognizedmaritimetrainingprogram

B.Minimumseaserviceof36monthsasaMaster

C.Successfulcompletionofwrittenandpracticalexaminations

D.Alloftheabove

【答案】:D

解析:STCWrequirescandidatestocompleteapprovedmaritimetrainingprograms(A),accumulateaminimumof36monthsofseaserviceasaMaster(B),andpassbothwrittenandpracticalexaminations(C).Sinceallthesearemandatoryrequirements,Disthecorrectanswer.16、Whenavesselismadefasttoaberthwithbothanchorsout,itiscalled______.

A.Singleanchoring

B.Doubleanchoring

C.Streamanchoring

D.Bothanchorsmooring

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察船舶系泊术语。选项A“Singleanchoring”指单锚泊(仅用一个锚);选项B“Doubleanchoring”并非国际海事组织(IMO)标准术语,通常不使用;选项C“Streamanchoring”指流锚泊(利用水流固定,不一定双锚);选项D“Bothanchorsmooring”(双锚系泊)是指船舶双锚出链系泊到泊位的规范表述,符合题意,因此正确答案为D。17、AccordingtoSTCWCode,whichofthefollowingisacoreresponsibilityoftheMasterregardingwatchkeeping?

A.Maintainingthevessel'snavigationalrouteandsupervisingallwatchkeepingpersonnel

B.Conductingregularengineroominspectionstoensureequipmentisoperational

C.Directlyperformingalldeckoperationswithoutdelegatingtaskstoofficers

D.Ensuringthatallcrewmemberscompletedailylogbookentriesaccurately

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察STCW公约中船长值班职责。根据STCWCode第III章,船长核心职责包括保持航线安全、监督值班人员履行职责(选项A)。选项B是轮机长职责,选项C违背分权原则(船长需授权并监督而非直接操作),选项D属于驾驶员日常文书工作,非船长核心值班职责。18、AccordingtoCOLREGs(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea),whichofthefollowingisNOTarequirementformaintainingaproperlookout?

A.Relyingsolelyonradarfordetectingnearbyvessels

B.Usingvisualandauditoryobservationinadditiontoradar

C.Consideringweatherandseaconditionswhenassessinglookoutcapability

D.Usingallavailablemeans(e.g.,VHF,AIS)todetectpotentialhazards

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶避碰规则中瞭望要求。COLREGs明确要求瞭望需结合视觉、听觉及所有可用手段(如雷达、VHF、AIS),且不可仅依赖雷达(因雷达存在盲区和局限性)。B、C、D均符合瞭望要求,而A选项“仅依赖雷达”违反瞭望规则,故正确答案为A。19、Whichisthemostimmediatedistresssignaltobetransmittedwhenashipisindangerofsinking?

A.Morsecode'SOS'

B.VHFChannel16

C.Telexmessagetonearestportauthority

D.Satelliteemergencyalert(e.g.,Inmarsat-C)

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶遇险信号的优先级。VHFChannel16(156.8MHz)是国际遇险与安全频道,船舶遇险时应立即在该频道发送清晰、简短的遇险信号(如“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday”),是最即时、最直接的海上遇险通信方式。A选项“Morsecode'SOS'”需依赖特定无线电设备(如GMDSS设备),操作复杂且响应延迟;C选项“Telexmessage”(电传)传输速度慢,不适合紧急情况;D选项“Satelliteemergencyalert”(卫星紧急警报)依赖卫星覆盖且需配合其他设备,无法替代即时VHF通信。因此正确答案为B。20、InnauticalEnglish,theterm'way'mostaccuratelyrefersto______.

A.Speedoftheshipthroughthewater

B.Distancefromthenearestland

C.Headingofthevesselrelativetothecurrent

D.Verticaldistancefromkeeltowaterline

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语“way”的定义。正确答案为A,因为“way”在航海英语中特指船在水中的前进速度或船的前进状态(如“makeway”表示船在前进)。B选项“距岸距离”对应“distancefromshore”,C选项“船的航向”对应“heading”,D选项“吃水”对应“draft”,均不符合“way”的定义。21、TheSOLASConventionappliestowhichtypeofships?

A.Allshipsengagedininternationalvoyages

B.Merchantshipsonly

C.Navalshipsandwarships

D.Fishingvesselsonly

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约(国际海上人命安全公约)的适用范围,正确答案为A。SOLAS公约适用于国际航行的所有船舶,包括客船、货船、渔船(国际航行)等,无论其所属国籍。选项B错误,SOLAS不仅适用于商船;选项C错误,军舰通常不受SOLAS约束;选项D错误,SOLAS适用于国际航行的渔船,而非仅渔船。22、UnderSTCWCode,theterm'Watchkeeping'refersto______.

A.Theresponsibilityofofficerstomaintaintheship'scourse

B.Thedutyofpersonneltoensurethesafenavigationandoperationoftheshipwhileonwatch

C.Theprocessofconductingregularinspectionsoftheship'sequipment

D.Thepracticeofusingradarfordetectingnearbyvessels

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察STCW公约值班定义知识点。正确答案为B,STCWCode中“Watchkeeping”明确指值班人员在值班期间确保船舶安全航行与操作的职责,涵盖航行、设备监控、应急处置等全流程。A选项仅描述“保持航向”,片面;C选项“设备检查”属于日常维护,非值班核心职责;D选项“雷达探测”是航行辅助手段,非值班的定义性描述。23、Whichinternationalconventionprimarilygovernsthesafetyoflifeatseaforships?

A.SOLAS

B.MARPOL

C.STCW

D.COLREGs

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际海事公约知识点。正确答案为A,SOLAS(InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea)即《国际海上人命安全公约》,专门规定船舶结构、设备及操作标准以保障海上人命安全。B选项MARPOL(《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》)侧重船舶防污染;C选项STCW(《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》)规范船员资质与值班行为;D选项COLREGs(《国际避碰规则》)仅针对船舶避让操作,未覆盖全船安全体系。24、Whenshouldanincidentinvolvingthevessel(e.g.,collision,grounding)berecordedinthelogbook?

A.Aftercompletingtheincidentinvestigation

B.Immediatelyuponoccurrence

C.Beforeproceedingtoseathenextday

D.Onlyiftheincidentcausescrewinjury

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察航海日志(Logbook)记录规范的知识点。根据《国际海道测量组织(IHO)指南》,航海日志需对船舶发生的任何事故、险情或异常情况(包括碰撞、搁浅、污染等)在发生时立即记录,以确保信息的准确性和时效性。选项A(事故调查后)会导致信息滞后;选项C(次日记录)违反“即时性”原则;选项D(仅记录人员受伤)过于片面,任何船舶相关事故均需记录。因此正确答案为B。25、TheInternationalConventionSTCWstandsfor:

A.StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers

B.SafetyofLifeatSeaConvention

C.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea

D.InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察STCW公约的英文全称。STCW公约全称是“StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers”,即《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》。选项B是SOLAS公约的英文缩写,选项C是SOLAS公约的完整名称(安全方面),选项D是《国际海运危险货物规则》(IMDGCode),均不符合题意。26、Uponcollisionwithanothervessel,whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRST?

A.Issueacollisionreporttothenearestportauthorityimmediately

B.Takeimmediatestepstoensurethesafetyofthecrew,passengers,andtheship

C.Attempttotowthecollidingvesseltoasafeberthtoavoidobstruction

D.Contacttheship'sownerforinstructionsbeforetakinganyaction

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶碰撞后的首要操作原则。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及船舶应急处理流程,船长在碰撞后首要职责是保障人员安全、船舶安全及防止污染,因此应立即采取措施确保船员、乘客及船舶安全。选项A(报告港口当局)需在确保安全后进行;选项C(拖带碰撞船)属于后续处置,需在安全评估后进行;选项D(联系船东)不应优先于保障人员安全的行动。因此正确答案为B。27、InacrossingsituationasperCOLREGs,whichvesselisobligatedtotakeearlyactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardsideoftheother

B.Thevesselontheportsideoftheother

C.Thefastervessel

D.Thelargervessel

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)交叉相遇局面。正确答案为A。根据COLREGs第9条,交叉相遇时,“thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardsideshallkeepoutoftheway”(右舷船为让路船),需主动采取避让行动。B选项“左舷船”在交叉局面中为直航船;C、D选项“速度/吨位优势”不构成让路义务,仅在追越局面中适用。28、Whatdoestheterm'freeboard'refertoinshipterminology?

A.Theverticaldistancefromtheloadwaterlinetotheupperdeckedge

B.Thehorizontaldistancebetweentwoadjacentholds

C.Themaximumspeedoftheshipincalmwater

D.Thedraftoftheshipindeepwater

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶术语定义。正确答案为A。解析:Freeboard(干舷)是船舶重要参数,指从载重水线(Loadwaterline)到上层甲板边缘的垂直距离,反映船舶储备浮力;B选项描述的是货舱间距;C选项为船速;D选项Draft(吃水)是船底到水面的距离,与干舷定义相反。29、Innauticalterminology,thephrase'wayon'means______.

A.Thevesselismakingheadwayandisundercontrol.

B.Thevesselhaslostallwayandisdrifting.

C.Thevesselismovingbackwardwithsternway.

D.Thevesselisanchoredandnotunderway.

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语理解,正确答案为A。'Wayon'referstoavesselmaintainingforwardmomentumundercontrol.OptionB('wayoff')describesavessellosingforwardmotion;OptionC('sternway')referstobackwardmovement;OptionD('anchored')isnotrelatedto'wayon'.Thus,Aiscorrect.30、AccordingtoSTCWCode,whichofthefollowingisNOTthemaster'sprimaryresponsibilityduringnavigationwatch?

A.Maintainingcontinuousandeffectivelookout

B.Directlyoperatingthesteeringgear

C.EnsuringcompliancewithSOLASregulations

D.Supervisingcrewperformance

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察STCW公约中船长职责。正确答案为B。A、C、D均为船长核心职责:保持瞭望(A)是航行安全基础;监督船员符合SOLAS等法规(C)是船长法定责任;监督船员表现(D)是STCW对船长的明确要求。而B选项“Directlyoperatingthesteeringgear”(直接操作舵机)属于驾驶员的具体操作职责,非船长主要职责。31、AccordingtoSOLASregulations,whichdocumentmustbemaintainedonboardtorecordtheoperationandstatusoftheship'snavigationequipment?

A.NavigationLogbook

B.EquipmentMaintenanceManual

C.SafetyManagementManual(SMS)

D.RadioCommunicationLog

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约对船舶导航设备记录的要求。SOLAS明确要求《航海日志》(NavigationLogbook)记录导航设备的操作、维护及状态,是法定必备文件。选项B(设备维护手册)为操作指南,非记录文件;选项C(SMS)是安全管理体系文件,不直接记录设备状态;选项D(无线电通信日志)仅记录通信内容,与导航设备无关。因此正确答案为A。32、Theofficeronwatchshouldgivetheorder'______'whenthemasterwantstheshiptoreducespeed.

A.Reducespeed

B.Slowdownimmediately

C.Stoptheengine

D.Holdspeed

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海英语指令规范。“Reducespeed”(选项A)是船长要求减速的标准指令。选项B“Slowdownimmediately”语气过强(仅紧急避让使用);选项C“Stoptheengine”是停车指令;选项D“Holdspeed”意为保持速度,与题意相反。故正确答案为A。33、Intheeventofadistresssituation,whichsignalcombinationisNOTavalidinternationaldistresssignal?

A.Threeshortandonelongblastonthewhistle(SOSsoundsignal)

B.Redrocketsorredparachuteflares(visualdistresssignal)

C.Repeatedflashesofasearchlight(continuoussearchlightflashes)

D.TheMorsecodesignalS.O.S(visualdistresssignal)

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察遇险信号的种类。正确答案为C,因为国际规则中明确禁止使用连续的探照灯闪光作为遇险信号,此类信号易被误认为正常航行灯光。选项A正确,一长两短(SOS)的笛号是国际认可的遇险听觉信号;选项B正确,红色火箭降落伞信号是国际公认的遇险视觉信号;选项D正确,摩尔斯电码S.O.S(...---...)是国际通用的遇险无线电信号。34、Iftwovesselsareonacrossingcourse,andonevesselobservestheother'ssternlight,whichrulegovernstheirinteraction?

A.Head-onsituation(Rule13)

B.Overtakingsituation(Rule14)

C.Crossingsituation(Rule15)

D.Collisionavoidance(Rule19)

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察交叉相遇局面(CrossingSituation)的定义。根据COLREGsRule14,当两船航向交叉且一船看到另一船的尾灯(sternlight)时,属于交叉相遇局面,此时有让路船和直航船之分。选项A(对遇局面)应同时看到对方的前后桅灯,排除;选项B(追越局面)需一船位于另一船的尾追方向,与尾灯无关;选项D(Rule19)为碰撞危险条款,非相遇局面,故正确答案为C。35、Duringafireonboard,whichistheFIRSTactiontotakeaccordingtotheship'sfireemergencyplan?

A.Immediatelystartthefirepumptosupplywater

B.Soundthegeneralalarmandalertthebridge/crew

C.Attempttoextinguishthefirewithavailableextinguishers

D.Closeallopeningstopreventsmokespread

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察火灾应急处置流程。船舶火灾应急中,第一步应立即发出警报(如通用报警)并通知驾驶台及相关船员,以便启动后续救援、疏散及灭火行动。选项A启动消防泵通常在火势可控后或需供水时进行;选项C直接灭火可能因未报警导致火势蔓延;选项D关闭开口是控制火势的措施,需在报警后进行。因此正确答案为B。36、Inshipmaneuveringterminology,theterm'sway'specificallydescribestheship'smovementinwhichdirection?A.Alongthelongitudinalaxis(foreandaft)B.Perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxis(sideways)C.Verticaldirection(upanddown)D.Diagonallyacrosstheship'slength

A.Alongthelongitudinalaxis(foreandaft)

B.Perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxis(sideways)

C.Verticaldirection(upanddown)

D.Diagonallyacrosstheship'slength

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶操纵术语中横荡(sway)的定义。在船舶操纵学中,sway特指船舶沿垂直于首尾线(纵轴)方向的横向运动。选项A描述的是纵荡(surge),选项C为垂荡(heave),选项D为斜向运动,均不符合sway的定义。因此正确答案为B。37、Whatdoestheradiocall'Mayday,Mayday,Mayday'indicateinmaritimecommunication?

A.Generalsafetywarning

B.Emergencydistresssignal

C.Vessel'sroutinepositionreport

D.Navigationinstruction

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察国际遇险通信规则。'Mayday'是国际通用的遇险求救信号,由船舶、飞机等遇险时连续发送,用于请求紧急援助。选项A'Generalsafetywarning'(一般安全警告)通常使用'Pan-Pan'信号;选项C'Vessel'sroutinepositionreport'(船舶常规船位报告)使用'NavigationalMessage'格式;选项D'Navigationinstruction'(航行指令)不属于求救信号范畴。因此正确答案为B。38、Thefullformof'IMO'inmaritimecontextis______.

A.InternationalMaritimeOffice

B.InternationalMarineOrganization

C.InternationalMaritimeCommission

D.InternationalMaritimeOrganization

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察国际海事组织的英文缩写知识点,正确答案为D。因为IMO的标准全称是InternationalMaritimeOrganization(国际海事组织),而选项A的InternationalMaritimeOffice(国际海事局)是IMO下属机构;选项B的InternationalMarineOrganization是错误拼写,应为Maritime;选项C的InternationalMaritimeCommission并非国际海事组织的官方名称。39、Whichinternationalconventionsetstheminimumstandardsforthetraining,certification,andwatchkeepingofseafarers?

A.SOLAS(InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea)

B.MARPOL(InternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips)

C.STCW(StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingConvention)

D.COLREGs(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea)

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察国际海事公约的核心内容。STCW公约(StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers)明确规定了海员培训、证书和值班的最低标准,确保船舶安全航行。A选项SOLAS公约聚焦船舶结构安全和救生设备;B选项MARPOL公约针对船舶防污染;D选项COLREGs是避碰规则,规范船舶航行避让行为。因此正确答案为C。40、AccordingtotheInternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers(STCW),whichofthefollowinginformationisNOTtypicallyrecordedintheMaster'sLogbook?

A.Dailyweatherobservations

B.Positionfixesandtrack

C.Statusofnavigationequipment

D.Cargoloading/unloadingprocedures

【答案】:D

解析:TheMaster'sLogbookisrequiredtorecordessentialnavigationandoperationaldetails,includingdailyweatherobservations(A),positionfixesandtrack(B),andthestatusofnavigationequipment(C).Cargoloading/unloadingproceduresareprimarilytheresponsibilityoftheChiefOfficerandarerecordedinthecargolog,nottheMaster'sLogbook.Thus,Disthecorrectanswer.41、WhichdocumentisNOTrequiredforaMaster'sCertificateofCompetencyundertheSTCWConvention?

A.CertificateofCompetency

B.MedicalFitnessCertificate

C.PassengerList

D.ContinuousTrainingRecord

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察STCW公约对船长适任证书的要求。CertificateofCompetency(适任证书)是必备的;MedicalFitnessCertificate(健康证明)是STCW要求的基础文件;ContinuousTrainingRecord(连续培训记录)用于证明船长持续符合技能要求。而PassengerList(乘客名单)是船舶航行中需记录的临时文件,不属于适任证书本身的必备文件,因此正确答案为C。42、Whenavesselisanchoredinrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichsoundsignalshoulditemiteveryminute?

A.Oneprolongedblasteveryminute

B.Twoshortblastseverytwominutes

C.Threeshortblastseveryminute

D.Oneshortblastfollowedbytwolongblasts

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中的声号规定。根据COLREGsRule34,锚泊船在能见度不良时(如雾、霾中),应每分钟鸣放一长声(prolongedblast)以表明自身位置。选项B的两短声不符合锚泊船规定;选项C的三短声通常用于引航船等特殊船舶;选项D的组合声号无对应锚泊场景,故正确答案为A。43、WhichdocumentismandatoryforaMastertocarryonboardduringinternationalvoyages?

A.InternationalCertificateofFitnessforSeafarers(STCW)

B.InternationalCargoDeclaration

C.SOLASCertificateofCompliance

D.Ship'sStabilityBooklet

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察船舶法定证书要求。正确答案为C。解析:SOLAS(《国际海上人命安全公约》)证书是船舶航行国际航线的必备文件,证明船舶符合安全标准;A选项STCW证书是船员个人资质证明,由船长管理而非携带;B选项货舱申报单是港口作业文件;D选项船舶稳性手册是操作指南,非强制携带的证书。44、船舶航行日志(VoyageLog)中,无需记录的内容是?

A.船舶航速、航向及船位

B.能见度、气象条件及设备运行状态

C.货物装卸量及舱位调整情况

D.主机、舵机等关键设备的操作指令

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察航海日志记录规范。航行日志主要记录船舶航行过程中的动态(航速、航向、船位、气象、设备状态、操纵指令等)。选项C货物装卸量属于大副或理货报告范畴,非航行日志内容;选项A、B、D均为航行日志核心记录内容,故排除。45、Whentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachinghead-on,whichCOLREGsrulegovernstheircollisionavoidanceactions?

A.Rule14(Head-onsituation)

B.Rule15(Crossingsituation)

C.Rule16(Actionbyvesselinsight)

D.Rule17(Responsibilityclauses)

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)的核心条款,正确答案为A。解析:Rule14明确规定,当两机动船航向相反(对遇局面)时,两船应各自向右转向,以避免碰撞,且双方均负有同等避让责任。选项B的Rule15适用于“Crossingsituation”(交叉相遇局面),即一船从另一船右舷或左舷横越其前方,此时让路船需采取避让行动;选项C的Rule16强调“互见中船舶的行动原则”,属于一般性转向避让要求,不针对特定局面;选项D的Rule17仅明确不同局面下的责任分配,未规定具体避让动作。46、WhichofthefollowingisacorerequirementoftheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code?

A.ThemastershallensuretheshipoperateswithavalidSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)

B.Theshipmustcarryaminimumof10lifejacketsforcrewmembers

C.Thevessel'sradioequipmentmustpassannualinspections

D.Theship'screwmustattendmonthlysafetydrills

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察ISM规则核心要求。ISM规则要求建立并维护有效的安全管理体系(SMS),船长负责确保SMS的合规运行。B选项救生衣数量、C选项无线电年检、D选项月度演练均非ISM规则强制要求(属于具体操作细节)。因此正确答案为A。47、WhichVHFchannelshouldbeusedforemergencydistresscallsatsea?

A.Channel16

B.Channel6

C.Channel13

D.Channel70

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察VHF通信规范。正确答案为A。解析:Channel16(156.8MHz)是国际公认的遇险与安全频道,适用于直接语音紧急呼叫;Channel6(156.525MHz)主要用于港口交通协调;Channel13(156.550MHz)用于近岸VHF通信;Channel70(156.525MHz)为数字选择性呼叫(DSC)专用,需配合其他设备使用。遇险紧急呼叫应优先使用16频道。48、WhichofthefollowingisthemainfunctionofaVHFDSC?

A.Totransmitdistresssignals(Mayday,Pan-Pan)overVHFchannel16

B.Toprovidelong-rangecommunicationviasatellite

C.Tobroadcastnavigationalwarningstoallships

D.Todetectunderwaterobstaclesandmeasuredepth

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察GMDSS设备功能。正确答案为A,VHFDSC(甚高频数字选择性呼叫)主要通过VHF16频道发送遇险信号(Mayday)、紧急信号(Pan-Pan);B选项卫星通讯由Inmarsat设备负责;C选项航行警告由NAVTEX系统播发;D选项测深由回声测深仪(echosounder)完成,均为错误选项。49、UnderSOLASConvention,whichstatementaboutlifeboatsisCORRECT?

A.Lifeboatsmustbelaunchedwithin10minutesinallseaconditions

B.Eachlifeboatmustcarrysurvivalsuppliesforatleast72hours

C.Thenumberoflifeboatsmustexceedtotalcrew/passengersbyone

D.Lifeboatdavitsshouldlifttheboatinonecontinuousoperation

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约对救生艇的要求。SOLAS规定救生艇需配备足够的生存物资(如食品、淡水、药品等),通常至少维持72小时。A选项中“10分钟”为模糊时间,SOLAS要求的是“迅速释放”(promptlylaunched)而非固定分钟数;C选项救生艇数量需满足所有人员,而非“多一艘”;D选项救生艇释放通常需分步操作(如释放装置、起吊等),非“连续操作”。因此正确答案为B。50、UnderSTCWConvention,theminimumrequirementsforawatchkeepingofficerincludeallEXCEPT______.

A.Competenceinseamanship

B.Proficiencyinnavigation

C.Abilitytohandleemergencies

D.Masteryofalllanguages

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察STCW公约值班驾驶员要求。STCW公约(《国际海员培训、发证和值班标准公约》)要求值班驾驶员具备:A.航海技能(seamanship)、B.导航熟练度(navigation)、C.应急处理能力(emergencies)等专业能力。选项D“Masteryofalllanguages”(精通所有语言)并非公约强制要求,值班人员仅需具备英语沟通能力,无需掌握所有语言,因此正确答案为D。51、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Give-wayvessel

B.Stand-onvessel

C.Crossingvessel

D.Overtakingvessel

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中让路船的定义。Give-wayvessel(让路船)必须主动采取行动,避免与直航船(Stand-onvessel)碰撞,而直航船仅需保持航向和航速。选项B“Stand-onvessel”(直航船)无主动避让义务;选项C“Crossingvessel”(交叉相遇船)和D“Overtakingvessel”(追越船)是特定类型船舶,规则中明确让路船(Give-wayvessel)需承担主动避让责任,因此A为正确答案。52、WhichVHFchannelisprimarilyusedfordistressandsafetycommunicationsatsea?

A.Channel13

B.Channel16

C.Channel70

D.Channel87A

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察VHF遇险通信频道规范。国际海事规则明确VHFChannel16(156.8MHz)为全球统一的遇险与安全专用频道,适用于船舶间紧急通信(选项B)。选项C(Channel70)主要用于安全通信但非遇险优先频道;选项A(13频道)用于船舶与港口VHF通话;选项D(87A)为常规安全频道,均不符合题意。53、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,theMastermayauthorizeanofficertomaintainthenavigationwatchinwhichofthefollowingsituations?

A.Whenthevisibilityisreducedduetoheavyfog

B.Whentheofficerhassufficientexperienceinallweatherconditions

C.Whenthevesselisinanopenseawithgoodvisibilityandnonearbyvessels

D.Whentheshipisinanarrowchannelwithclearwaterdepth

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察STCW公约中航行值班授权规则。根据STCW公约A-VI/1部分,船长可授权驾驶员保持航行值班的前提是:船舶处于安全水域、能见度良好、周围无航行障碍物或其他船舶。选项A错误,因能见度不良(如大雾)时驾驶员瞭望受限,船长不得授权;选项B仅强调经验,忽略环境安全要求;选项D错误,狭水道航行需船长亲自监督,因航道复杂易发生碰撞。选项C符合“开阔水域、能见度良好、无附近船舶”的安全条件,故正确。54、TheElectronicChartDisplayandInformationSystem(ECDIS)isprimarilydesignedto______.

A.Providereal-timeweatherandoceanographicdata

B.Displaynauticalchartswithrouteplanningandobstaclewarnings

C.Calculateshippositionusingsatellitesignals(GPS)

D.TransmitdistresssignalsviaGMDSSequipment

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察ECDIS的核心功能。ECDIS作为电子海图系统,核心是显示电子海图(nauticalcharts),并具备航线规划(routeplanning)、障碍物警示(obstaclewarnings)、航迹记录等功能。A选项属于气象传真系统功能;C选项为GPS定位功能;D选项为GMDSS通信功能。因此正确答案为B。55、Whennavigatinginanarrowchannel,theMastershould______toensuresafepassage.

A.DelegatethenavigationresponsibilitytotheChiefOfficer

B.Remaininthecabintoreviewtherouteplan

C.Beonthebridgetopersonallysupervisethenavigation

D.Requestthepilottoleavethebridgeimmediately

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察狭水道航行中船长的指挥职责。船长需亲自在驾驶台监督航行以确保安全(选项C正确)。选项A违背船长决策职责,选项B无法履行指挥职能,选项D错误(引航员在狭水道航行中通常需留任驾驶台协助)。56、Whennavigatingincoastalwaters,whichequipmentisprimarilyusedtodeterminetheexactdepthofwaterunderthevessel?

A.Echosounder

B.Radar

C.GPSreceiver

D.Magneticcompass

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶助航设备的功能。正确答案为A。解析:Echosounder(回声测深仪)通过声波反射测量水深,是获取精确水深信息的核心设备;Radar(雷达)主要用于目标探测与避碰;GPSreceiver(全球定位系统)用于定位坐标;Magneticcompass(磁罗经)用于确定航向。因此,测深作业中应优先使用回声测深仪。57、Whennavigatinginrestrictedvisibility,whichsoundsignalshouldbeusedbyavessel?

A.Oneprolongedblastfollowedbytwoshortblasts

B.Oneshortblast

C.Twoprolongedblasts

D.Threeshortblasts

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶在能见度不良时的声号规则。根据《国际避碰规则》,机动船在能见度不良(如雾中)航行时,应每2分钟鸣放一长两短声(选项A),以表明本船动态。选项B(一短声)通常用于互见中船舶避让的信号;选项C(两长声)无标准使用场景;选项D(三短声)是引航船在船首方向有引航员时的特定信号,均不符合题意。故正确答案为A。58、Whichnavigationalinstrumentisusedtomeasurethehorizontalanglebetweentheship'sheadingandatargetobject?

A.MagneticCompass

B.Gyrocompass

C.AzimuthCircle

D.EchoSounder

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察航海仪器功能。AzimuthCircle(方位圈)用于测量船舶航向与目标物标的水平方位角(即目标相对于船舶的方向)。选项A(磁罗经)和B(陀螺罗经)主要测量船舶自身航向,选项D(回声测深仪)用于测量水深,与方位角无关。因此正确答案为C。59、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedirectionofthewindrelativetotheship'sheading?

A.Anemometer

B.Windvane

C.Magneticcompass

D.Echosounder

【答案】:B

解析:Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingtheinstrumentusedtomeasurewinddirection.OptionBiscorrectbecauseawindvaneisspecificallydesignedtoshowthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingrelativetotheship'sheading.OptionA,anemometer,isusedtomeasurewindspeed,notdirection.OptionC,amagneticcompass,isusedtodeterminethedirectionoftheship'sheading,notthewinddirection.OptionD,anechoso

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