2026年研究生英语综合水平测试题

2026年研究生英语综合水平测试题PartI:ReadingComprehension(40分)（共4题，每题10分）Passage1(10分)Title:TheFutureofRenewableEnergyinNortheastChinaNortheastChina,knownforitsvastcoalreserves,hasbeenfacingincreasingpressuretotransitiontowardrenewableenergysources.Inrecentyears,theregionhasmadesignificantstridesindevelopingwindandsolarpower,leveragingitsabundantlandandrelativelylowpopulationdensity.TheChinesegovernment’s"dualcarbon"goalshavefurtheracceleratedtheseefforts,withpoliciesincentivizinginvestmentingreentechnologies.However,challengesremain,includinginfrastructurebottlenecksandtheintermittencyofwindandsolarpower.Localgovernmentsareexploringsolutionssuchasenergystoragetechnologiesandgridupgradestoensurestability.Expertssuggestthatby2030,renewableenergycouldaccountforover30%oftheregion’stotalenergymix,reducingrelianceoncoalandmitigatingclimatechangeimpacts.Questions:1.WhatistheprimarychallengeNortheastChinafacesintransitioningtorenewableenergy?(2分)2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestheChinesegovernmentplantosupportthistransition?(3分)3.Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentoaddresstheissueofintermittencyinwindandsolarpower?(5分)Passage2(10分)Title:UrbanizationandEnvironmentalSustainabilityinShanghaiShanghai,aglobalmegacity,hasbeengrapplingwiththeenvironmentalconsequencesofrapidurbanization.Thecity’spopulationgrowthhasledtoincreasedpollution,trafficcongestion,andresourcedepletion.Toaddresstheseissues,Shanghaihasimplementedseveralsustainableurbanplanninginitiatives.Theseincludeexpandinggreenspaces,promotingpublictransportation,andadoptingsmartcitytechnologiestooptimizeenergyuse.Additionally,thecityhassetambitioustargetstoreducecarbonemissionsby2050.Whileprogresshasbeenmade,criticsarguethatmoreaggressivemeasuresareneededtoachievetrueenvironmentalsustainability.Initiativessuchascarbontradingandstricteremissionsregulationsarebeingconsideredtofurtherdrivechange.Questions:1.WhatarethemainenvironmentalchallengesShanghaifacesduetourbanization?(2分)2.DescribetwosustainableurbanplanninginitiativesbeingimplementedinShanghai.(4分)3.Whatroledosmartcitytechnologiesplayinaddressingthesechallenges?(4分)Passage3(10分)Title:TheImpactofDigitalEconomyonRuralChinaThedigitaleconomyhasbeentransformingruralareasinChina,offeringnewopportunitiesforeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivelihoods.E-commerceplatformshaveenabledfarmerstodirectlyselltheirproductstoconsumers,bypassingtraditionalintermediaries.Thishasnotonlyincreasedfarmers’incomesbutalsoreducedfoodwaste.Additionally,mobilepaymentsystemsandfinancialtechnologieshavemadefinancialservicesmoreaccessibletoruralpopulations.However,disparitiesremain,asmanyruralareaslackreliableinternetinfrastructure,limitingtheirabilitytofullyparticipateinthedigitaleconomy.Thegovernmentisworkingtobridgethisdigitaldividethroughinvestmentsinruralbroadbandnetworksanddigitalliteracyprograms.Questions:1.HowhasthedigitaleconomybenefitedruralfarmersinChina?(3分)2.Whatchallengesdoruralareasfaceinparticipatinginthedigitaleconomy?(4分)3.Describethegovernment’seffortstoaddressthesechallenges.(3分)Passage4(10分)Title:CulturalPreservationinInnerMongoliaInnerMongolia,withitsrichethnicheritage,hasbeenfacingchallengesinpreservingitstraditionalcultureamidrapidmodernization.Theriseofurbanizationandglobalizationhasledtoadeclineintraditionalpracticessuchashorseracinganddairyfarming.However,localcommunitiesandthegovernmentaretakingstepstorevitalizetheseculturaltraditions.Effortsincludeestablishingculturalparks,organizingfestivals,andintegratingtraditionalknowledgeintoschoolcurricula.Additionally,tourisminitiativesarepromotingculturalexperiencesforbothdomesticandinternationalvisitors.Whiletheseeffortsarepromising,expertswarnthatculturalpreservationmustbebalancedwitheconomicdevelopmenttoensurelong-termsustainability.Questions:1.WhatthreatsdoesrapidmodernizationposetotraditionalcultureinInnerMongolia?(2分)2.列举threewaysInnerMongoliaisworkingtopreserveitsculturalheritage.(4分)3.Whyisitimportanttobalanceculturalpreservationwitheconomicdevelopment?(4分)PartII:Vocabulary(10分)（共5题，每题2分）1.Thecompany’sstridesinrenewableenergyhavebeenincentivizedbygovernmentpolicies.A.setbacksB.advancementsC.delaysD.failures2.Thecity’sambitioustargetsaimtomitigatecarbonemissionsby2050.A.modestB.achievableC.realisticD.challenging3.Thedisparitiesbetweenurbanandruralareashighlighttheneedforequitabledevelopment.A.similaritiesB.gapsC.overlapsD.uniformities4.Intermittencyinwindandsolarpowerrequiressolutionssuchasenergystorage.A.reliabilityB.consistencyC.efficiencyD.sustainability5.Therevitalizationoftraditionalcultureinvolveseffortstokeepitaliveforfuturegenerations.A.destructionB.neglectC.preservationD.abandonmentPartIII:ClozeTest(10分)（共5题，每题2分）Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)has1.transformativeeffectsonvariousindustries.Inhealthcare,AI-powereddiagnostictoolshave2.significantlyimprovedaccuracyandefficiency.However,ethicalconcernsremain,particularlyregardingdataprivacyandalgorithmicbias.Policymakersareworkingto3.theseissuesthroughstricterregulationsandtransparencyrequirements.Additionally,AIis4.inoptimizingsupplychains,reducingcosts,andenhancingcustomerexperiences.AsAIcontinuestoevolve,itsintegrationintodailylifewill5.bothopportunitiesandchallengesforsociety.1.A.profoundB.minimalC.gradualD.temporary2.A.enhancedB.diminishedC.delayedD.compromised3.A.addressB.ignoreC.exacerbateD.overlook4.A.utilizedB.neglectedC.restrictedD.abandoned5.A.presentB.excludeC.eliminateD.ignorePartIV:Translation(15分)（共1题，15分）TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"China’scommitmenttosustainabledevelopmentisevidentinitseffortstobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.Thegovernmenthasimplementedpoliciestoreducepollution,promoterenewableenergy,andprotectbiodiversity.Theseinitiativesnotonlyaimtoimprovethequalityoflifeforitscitizensbutalsocontributetoglobalclimategoals.However,challengesremain,asthecountrycontinuestonavigatethecomplexitiesofurbanizationandindustrialization.Successwilldependonthecollectiveeffortsofpolicymakers,businesses,andcommunitiestoembracesustainablepracticesandinnovation."PartV:Writing(25分)（共1题，25分）Title:TheRoleofTechnologyinSustainableDevelopmentManyarguethattechnologyisadouble-edgedswordwhenitcomestosustainabledevelopment.Whileitofferssolutionstoenvironmentalchallenges,italsocontributestoresourcedepletionandpollution.Writeanessay(200-250words)discussingtheroleoftechnologyinpromotingsustainability.IncludeexamplesfromChina’srenewableenergysectororurbanplanninginitiatives.答案与解析PartI:ReadingComprehensionPassage1(10分)1.Theprimarychallengeisinfrastructurebottlenecksandtheintermittencyofwindandsolarpower.(2分)2.Thegovernmentincentivizesinvestmentingreentechnologiesthroughpolicies.(3分)3.Measuresincludeenergystoragetechnologiesandgridupgrades.(5分)Passage2(10分)1.Environmentalchallengesincludepollution,trafficcongestion,andresourcedepletion.(2分)2.Initiatives:expandinggreenspacesandpromotingpublictransportation.(4分)3.Smartcitytechnologiesoptimizeenergyuseandimproveefficiency.(4分)Passage3(10分)1.Benefits:directsales,increasedincomes,reducedfoodwaste.(3分)2.Challenges:lackofinternetinfrastructure.(4分)3.Governmentefforts:broadbandinvestmentsanddigitalliteracyprograms.(3分)Passage4(10分)1.Threats:urbanizationandglobalizationdecliningtraditionalpractices.(2分)2.Threeways:culturalparks,festivals,integratingtraditionalknowledgeintocurricula.(4分)3.Importance:balancingculturalpreservationwitheconomicdevelopmentensureslong-ter