2026年船长考证英语试题库100道含答案（考试直接用）

2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、Incaseofavesselindistress,whichVHFchannelshouldbeusedforemergencyvoicecommunication?

A.Ch16

B.Ch70

C.Ch13

D.Ch08

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶遇险VHF通信频道使用。正确答案为A，Ch16（156.8MHz）是国际公认的遇险与安全频道，用于船舶遇险时的紧急语音呼叫。B选项Ch70主要用于DSC遇险信号传输；C选项Ch13（156.525MHz）多用于港口作业沟通；D选项Ch08（156.4MHz）为交通管制频道，非遇险频道。2、Whichisthemostimmediatedistresssignaltobetransmittedwhenashipisindangerofsinking?

A.Morsecode'SOS'

B.VHFChannel16

C.Telexmessagetonearestportauthority

D.Satelliteemergencyalert(e.g.,Inmarsat-C)

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶遇险信号的优先级。VHFChannel16（156.8MHz）是国际遇险与安全频道，船舶遇险时应立即在该频道发送清晰、简短的遇险信号（如“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday”），是最即时、最直接的海上遇险通信方式。A选项“Morsecode'SOS'”需依赖特定无线电设备（如GMDSS设备），操作复杂且响应延迟；C选项“Telexmessage”（电传）传输速度慢，不适合紧急情况；D选项“Satelliteemergencyalert”（卫星紧急警报）依赖卫星覆盖且需配合其他设备，无法替代即时VHF通信。因此正确答案为B。3、Inmaritimenavigation,whatdoestheterm'Way'referto?

A.Theforwardspeedoftheshiprelativetothewater

B.Theabilityoftheshiptomaintainasteadycourse

C.Theanglebetweentheship'sheadingandthetruenorth

D.Therateatwhichtheshipischangingdirection

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶操纵术语。Way特指船舶相对于水的前进速度（船速），是船舶航行中的核心参数。B选项描述的是船舶“保向性”（SteeringAbility）；C选项“headingtotruenorth”是船首向，与Way无关；D选项“changingdirectionrate”对应“turningrate”（转舵速率），非Way的定义。因此正确答案为A。4、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,thelifeboatshallbeabletolaunchwithin______minutesincaseofemergency.

A.5

B.10

C.15

D.20

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备要求。SOLAS明确规定，救生艇应能在紧急情况下10分钟内完成释放，以确保遇险人员快速撤离。A选项5分钟过短，C和D选项超过公约最低标准。因此正确答案为B。5、WhichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRSTupondiscoveringanoilspillfromtheship?

A.ImmediatelyreportthespilltothenearestportstateauthorityviaVHFradio.

B.Deployoilcontainmentboomstopreventfurtherspreadoftheoil.

C.Usechemicaldispersantstobreakuptheoilslickandreduceenvironmentalimpact.

D.Contactthecompany'spollutioncontroldepartmentforguidanceoncleanupprocedures.

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察MARPOL公约附则I中船长对船舶污染事故的应急响应。正确答案为A，根据MARPOL公约，船长发现溢油后必须立即向最近的港口国当局或海事机构报告，报告内容包括溢油位置、数量、类型等关键信息，以便启动应急响应。选项B错误，部署围油栏属于后续应急措施，非首要步骤；选项C错误，使用化学分散剂需在专业指导下进行，船长不得擅自使用；选项D错误，联系公司应在报告之后，首要任务是确保污染信息被及时传递给主管机关。6、AccordingtoSTCWCode,whichofthefollowingistheprimaryresponsibilityofthewatchkeepingofficerduringnavigationwatch?

A.Operatingthemainengine

B.Maintainingaproperlookout

C.Recordingentriesinthenavigationlog

D.Managingthecrew'sdailytasks

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察STCW公约中航行值班驾驶员的核心职责。正确答案为B，因为根据《STCW公约》（1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约），保持正规瞭望是航行值班驾驶员的首要职责，是确保船舶航行安全的基础。选项A（操作主机）属于驾驶台操作职责，但非瞭望范畴；选项C（记录航海日志）由航行值班驾驶员负责，但属于航行记录而非瞭望职责；选项D（管理船员日常任务）通常由船长或大副负责，非瞭望值班的核心内容。7、Whichinstrumentistypicallyusedforobtainingtwoormoredistancemeasurementstofixedobjectstodeterminetheship'sposition?

A.Radar

B.GPS

C.Log

D.Sextant

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察雷达定位原理。Radar（雷达）可通过测量船与两个或以上固定物标（如陆标、灯浮标）的距离进行定位（如两方位定位法）。GPS通过卫星信号定位，不依赖固定物标；Log（计程仪）仅测量船速和航程；Sextant（六分仪）用于天文定位（测天体高度）。因此正确答案为A。8、TheInternationalConventionSTCWstandsfor:

A.StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers

B.SafetyofLifeatSeaConvention

C.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea

D.InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察STCW公约的英文全称。STCW公约全称是“StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers”，即《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》。选项B是SOLAS公约的英文缩写，选项C是SOLAS公约的完整名称（安全方面），选项D是《国际海运危险货物规则》（IMDGCode），均不符合题意。9、Whatisthefullformoftheabbreviation'EPIRB'usedinmaritimeemergencies?

A.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon

B.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadarBeacon

C.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingBroadcastBeacon

D.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingBiometricBeacon

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际海事应急设备的英文全称。EPIRB（EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon）是遇险船舶发射遇险信号的关键设备，通过无线电信号定位遇险位置。B选项中的“RadarBeacon”（雷达信标）对应SART（搜救雷达应答器），与EPIRB功能不同；C选项“BroadcastBeacon”（广播信标）无此标准缩写；D选项“BiometricBeacon”（生物信标）属于无关术语。因此正确答案为A。10、WhichstatementabouttheInternationalCodeofSignals(ICS)isCORRECT?

A.ICSsignalsaremandatoryforallshipsnavigatingininternationalwaters.

B.ICSuseslettersandnumberstorepresentmessagesforcommunicationatsea.

C.TheICSdistresssignalisrepresentedbytheletter'Q'(singleflaghoist).

D.ICSsignalsmustbesentinpairs(e.g.,twoflags)toconveymeaningfulmessages.

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际信号规则（ICS）的核心内容。正确答案为B，ICS通过字母、数字和符号组合成信号码组（如字母码、数字码、组合码），用于船舶间的通信（如船舶动态、气象、求救等信息）。选项A错误，ICS为推荐性信号规则，非强制使用；选项C错误，字母“Q”旗（单旗）是“请求引航”信号，遇险信号为“N”旗（单旗）+“R”旗（单旗）组合（“NR”）；选项D错误，ICS信号可通过单旗、双旗或多旗组合发送，并非必须成对。11、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whatmeansshouldanavigatingofficeronwatchuseforlookout?

A.Visual,auditory,radar,VHF

B.Visual,auditory,radar,electronicnavigationaids

C.Onlyvisualandauditorymeans

D.OnlyradarandAIS

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察STCW公约中航行瞭望的要求。正确答案为B，瞭望应综合运用视觉、听觉、雷达及电子助航设备，以全面掌握船舶周围环境。A选项VHF属于通信工具，非瞭望手段；C错误，电子设备是瞭望的重要辅助；D错误，忽略了视觉、听觉等基本瞭望手段。12、WhichweathersystemischaracterizedbyacentrallowpressureandcounterclockwisewindcirculationintheNorthernHemisphere?

A.TropicalCyclone

B.Anticyclone

C.Mid-latitudeCyclone

D.MonsoonDepression

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海气象学基础知识。热带气旋（TropicalCyclone）在北半球因科里奥利力呈逆时针旋转，中心气压极低（低压），符合题干描述。选项B错误，反气旋（Anticyclone）为中心高压，北半球顺时针旋转；选项C错误，温带气旋虽中心低压，但常伴随锋面活动，旋转特征不如热带气旋典型；选项D错误，季风低压是热带气旋的一种特殊类型，题干问“天气系统类型”，热带气旋更具代表性。故正确答案为A。13、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whichdocumentmustthemasterkeepreadilyavailableonboard?

A.Ship'sInternationalCargoDeclaration

B.Ship'sSafetyManagementCertificate(SMC)

C.InternationalLoadLineCertificate

D.PassengerListforallvoyages

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约核心文件要求。正确答案为B，《船舶安全管理证书（SMC）》是SOLAS公约要求船长随时备妥的关键文件，证明船舶符合安全管理规范；A选项载货申报单非强制必备；C选项载重线证书（LoadLineCertificate）虽重要，但非“随时可用”的核心管理文件；D选项乘客名单仅客船需按类型准备，均为错误选项。14、Incaseofafireonboard,whichradiocommunicationprocedureshouldtheMasterusetoimmediatelyalertnearbyvessels?

A.Mayday

B.Pan-Pan

C.DistressSignal

D.SignalFlagQ

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶遇险通讯程序。Mayday是国际海事遇险信号中最紧急的通讯方式，适用于船舶面临碰撞、火灾等危及生命安全的情况；Pan-Pan用于紧急但非危及生命的情况（如设备故障）；DistressSignal（遇险信号）是信号类型统称，非具体通讯程序；SignalFlagQ（字母旗Q）是视觉遇险信号，非无线电通讯的首选方式。因此正确答案为A。15、WhichdocumentismandatoryforaMastertocarryonboardduringinternationalvoyages?

A.InternationalCertificateofFitnessforSeafarers(STCW)

B.InternationalCargoDeclaration

C.SOLASCertificateofCompliance

D.Ship'sStabilityBooklet

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察船舶法定证书要求。正确答案为C。解析：SOLAS（《国际海上人命安全公约》）证书是船舶航行国际航线的必备文件，证明船舶符合安全标准；A选项STCW证书是船员个人资质证明，由船长管理而非携带；B选项货舱申报单是港口作业文件；D选项船舶稳性手册是操作指南，非强制携带的证书。16、GPS定位系统中，用于提高定位精度的差分GPS英文缩写是？

A.DGPS

B.GPS

C.GLONASS

D.AIS

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海导航设备英文缩写。DGPS（DifferentialGPS）即差分全球定位系统，通过地面差分基准站向船舶提供修正数据，大幅提高GPS定位精度；选项B“GPS”为基础全球定位系统，无差分修正功能；选项C“GLONASS”是俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统，与差分无关；选项D“AIS”为船舶自动识别系统，非定位系统。因此正确答案为A。17、Whenavesselisnavigatinginreducedvisibility,whichequipmentshouldbeusedtoensuresafety?

A.Radar

B.AIS

C.VHF

D.EPIRB

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶在能见度不良时的导航设备使用。正确答案为A，因为雷达是在能见度不良时探测周围船舶和障碍物的主要设备。B选项AIS主要用于船舶定位和自动识别；C选项VHF用于船舶间通信，不用于探测；D选项EPIRB是遇险报警设备，非日常航行使用。18、Whichinternationalmaritimesignalflagindicates'Ihaveapilotonboard'?

A.Flag'P'(Papa)

B.Flag'H'(Hotel)

C.Flag'N'(November)

D.Flag'Y'(Romeo)

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestiontestsinternationalsignalflags.ThecorrectanswerisA:Flag'P'(Papa)isspecificallyusedtoindicateapilotisonboard.B(Hotel)signalsmedicalassistance;C(November)indicatesaground;D(Romeo)indicatesinabilitytomove.Theseoptionstestrecognitionofstandardsignalflagmeanings.19、Whentwopower-drivenvesselsarecrossing,whichvesselshallkeepoutofthewayaccordingtotheCOLREGs?

A.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherportside

B.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardside

C.Thelargervessel

D.Thevesselwitharedlightonstarboard

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察避碰规则中交叉相遇船的责任。根据《国际海上避碰规则》，当两艘机动船交叉相遇时，有他船在本船右舷的船（即让路船）应承担避让责任，采取早而明显的行动避免碰撞。选项A描述的是直航船（他船在左舷），选项C无此规则，选项D涉及航行灯（红灯表示左舷船），与交叉相遇规则无关。因此正确答案为B。20、Whichofthefollowingtermsreferstoaself-propelledvesseldesignedprimarilyforcarryingcargo?

A.Passengership

B.Cargoship

C.Tugboat

D.Fishingvessel

【答案】：B

解析：ThisquestionexaminestheEnglishterminologyofshiptypes.ThecorrectanswerisBbecausea'Cargoship'isaself-propelledvesselmainlydesignedfortransportinggoods.OptionA,'Passengership',ismainlyusedforcarryingpassengers.OptionC,'Tugboat',ismainlyusedfortowingothervesselsorobjects.OptionD,'Fishingvessel',ismainlyusedforfishingoperationsanddoesnotmeettherequirementsofthequestion.21、Whenthemasterintendstomaintainaconstantcourseduringnavigation,theappropriatecommandis:

A.Setanddrift

B.Steadyheading

C.Speedcontrol

D.Positionfixing

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶操纵英语指令的理解。选项A'Setanddrift'指水流偏航和漂移，是描述船舶位置偏差的术语，非指令；选项C'Speedcontrol'仅涉及速度调节，与保持航向无关；选项D'Positionfixing'是定位操作，非航向指令。正确答案B'Steadyheading'意为“保持航向”，符合船长维持恒向航行的指令需求。22、Whichofthefollowinginformationmustberecordedintheship'slogbookaccordingtointernationalregulations?

A.Vessel'sheading,speed,position,weatherconditions,visibility

B.Alldetailsofengineroomoperations

C.Crewmembers'dailyschedulesandmeals

D.Detailsofnavigationequipmentmaintenance

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据《国际海上避碰规则》，航海日志需记录船舶动态（航向、航速、船位）、航行环境（天气、能见度、海况）及关键操作，对应选项A。选项B（机舱操作细节）属于机舱日志；选项C（船员日程）为船上管理记录；选项D（设备维护）属于设备维修记录，均非航海日志核心内容，故正确答案为A。23、AccordingtoSOLASandIMOrequirements,whenmustasignificantnavigationaleventberecordedintheship'slogbook?

A.Immediatelyuponoccurrenceoftheevent

B.Duringthedailylogsummaryattheendofthewatch

C.Aftertheeventisfullyresolvedandrisksareeliminated

D.WhentheMasterchangesshiftsandtheeventisreportedbytheofficerofthewatch

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海日志的记录规范。根据SOLAS和IMO要求，航海日志需实时记录关键事件，确保信息准确及时。选项B延迟至每日总结易遗漏细节；选项C延迟至风险消除后记录会导致信息失真；选项D依赖换班报告不符合“谁发现谁记录”的原则。正确答案为A，强调航海日志的实时性和准确性要求。24、Whatdoesthephrase'puttheshipabout'meaninnavigation?

A.Stoptheship

B.Puttheshipinreverse

C.Changethedirectionoftheship(turnaround)

D.Increasetheship'sspeed

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察船舶操纵指令术语。正确答案为C，“puttheshipabout”意为“掉头”，即改变船舶航向；A选项“Stoptheship”通常对应“bringtheshiptoahalt”；B选项“Puttheshipinreverse”指倒车；D选项“Increasetheship'sspeed”指加速，均为错误选项。25、Whennavigatinginrestrictedvisibility,whichmeasureisNOTtakentoavoidcollision?

A.Reducingspeed

B.Anchoringinasafeposition

C.UsingVHFtobroadcastthevessel'sintentions

D.Maintainingtheoriginalcourse

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察能见度不良时的避碰措施。选项A'Reducingspeed'是必要措施（降低船速以增加反应时间）；选项B'Anchoringinasafeposition'是极端情况下的有效避碰手段；选项C'UsingVHFtobroadcastthevessel'sintentions'符合《国际避碰规则》第9条（船舶在能见度不良时应使用VHF广播避让意图）。选项D'Maintainingtheoriginalcourse'会导致船舶无法及时避让，直接违反“保持安全航速并采用避碰行动”的基本原则，因此为错误选项。26、WhichisthecorrectVHFdistresscallformatforavesselinimmediatedanger?

A.Mayday,Mayday,Mayday

B.Distress,Distress,Distress

C.SOS,SOS,SOS

D.Help,Help,Help

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察VHF遇险信号的标准格式。Mayday是国际海事组织（IMO）规定的VHF遇险信号，必须以三个重复的“Mayday”发送，清晰明确地表明船舶处于紧急危险状态。选项B“Distress”非标准格式；选项C“SOS”是摩尔斯电码信号，VHF中已不常用；选项D“Help”无国际标准遇险含义，因此A为正确答案。27、Inanemergencysituationatsea,theprioritychannelforurgentdistresscallsonVHFradiois______.

A.Channel13

B.Channel16

C.Channel70

D.Channel06

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察VHF遇险通信频道。正确答案为B。国际海事规则规定，VHFChannel16（频道16）是国际遇险与安全专用频道，遇险时优先使用该频道进行紧急呼叫。选项A（港口作业频道）、D（常规通信频道）非遇险专用；选项C（DSC频道70）主要用于数字报警，语音紧急呼叫仍以频道16为优先。28、船舶发生火灾时，船长在指挥应急行动时的首要任务是？

A.组织扑灭火灾

B.确保所有船员安全撤离

C.保护船舶主机及舵机

D.记录火灾事故详情

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶应急指挥的优先级。根据《国际海事规则》，船舶应急行动中，“人员安全”是首要原则，船长需优先确保船员及乘客的生命安全，再考虑财产保护。选项A（扑灭火灾）需在人员安全前提下进行；选项C（保护主机）是次要目标；选项D（记录详情）属于事后工作。因此正确答案为B。29、WhicherrortypeinGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)positioningisprimarilycausedbysatelliteclockinaccuracies?

A.Ionosphericdelay

B.Ephemeriserror

C.Clockerror

D.Multipathinterference

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察GPS定位误差的成因。卫星时钟误差（Clockerror）是由于卫星自身原子钟的计时偏差导致的定位误差，属于主要误差源之一。选项A电离层延迟由大气电离层对信号的折射引起；选项B星历误差（Ephemeriserror）源于卫星轨道数据偏差；选项D多路径误差（Multipathinterference）由信号反射干扰造成。正确答案为C，卫星钟差直接影响时间同步精度，进而导致定位偏差。30、AccordingtoSOLASChapterIII,theminimumnumberoflifebuoysrequiredonacargoshipwithagrosstonnageof1000GTis______.

A.6

B.8

C.10

D.12

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约救生设备要求知识点。正确答案为A，根据SOLASChapterIII，1000GT货船需至少配备6个救生圈（每500GT至少1个，且首尾、两舷分布不少于2个/舷）。B选项8个为小型客船标准，C选项10个和D选项12个均为大型船舶（如2000GT以上）的额外配置要求，不符合题干“minimum”（最低）条件。31、Whatdoestheabbreviation'SOLAS'standforinmaritimesafety?

A.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea

B.InternationalConventiononMaritimePollutionPrevention

C.InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

D.InternationalSafetyManagementCode

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约的英文全称知识点。SOLAS是SafetyofLifeatSea的缩写，其完整英文全称是InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea（《国际海上人命安全公约》），是保障船舶和海上人命安全的核心公约。选项B对应MARPOL公约（防止船舶造成污染）；选项C是IMDGCode（国际海运危险货物规则）；选项D是ISMCode（国际安全管理规则），均不符合题意。32、Inmarinestability,whatdoestheabbreviation'GM'represent?

A.GeneralMetacentricMoment

B.GeometricMeanofStability

C.InitialMetacentricHeight

D.GrossMassoftheShip

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察船舶稳性的基本参数术语。正确答案为C，因为GM（InitialMetacentricHeight）是船舶初稳心高度的标准缩写，反映船舶初始稳性储备。A选项‘GeneralMetacentricMoment’（一般稳性力矩）为错误术语；B选项‘GeometricMeanofStability’（稳性几何平均值）非船舶稳性参数；D选项‘GrossMassoftheShip’（船舶总质量）与稳性参数无关。33、Whichofthefollowingbestdefines'safespeed'accordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)?

A.Safespeedisthespeedatwhichthemastercantakeproperandeffectiveactiontoavoidcollisionandstopintimeinaccordancewiththeprevailingcircumstances.

B.Safespeedisthespeedthatallowstheshiptomaintainacoursechangeofatleast30degreeswithinashortdistance.

C.Safespeedisthemaximumspeedtheshipcanreachwithoutexceedingtheengine'sratedRPM.

D.Safespeedisdeterminedsolelybytheship'sdraftandthedepthofwaterinthenavigablechannel.

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察COLREGs中安全航速的定义。正确答案为A，因为COLREGs明确规定安全航速是指船长能够采取适当而有效的避碰行动，并在适合当时环境和情况的距离内把船停住的速度。选项B错误，安全航速不要求特定转向角度；选项C错误，安全航速并非由发动机转速决定，而是基于环境条件；选项D错误，安全航速与水深无关，而是综合考虑能见度、通航密度、船舶操纵性能等因素。34、Whichofthefollowingistheappropriatedistresssignaltousewhenavesselisinimmediatedangerofsinking?

A.Threeshortblastsontheship'swhistle

B.MaydaycallviaVHFchannel16

C.Flashinglightfromahand-heldsignallamp

D.Threeredrocketsfiredsimultaneously

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察遇险信号的正确使用场景。Mayday是国际通用的船舶遇险呼叫，通过VHF16频道（国际遇险与安全频道）发出，适用于船舶沉没等紧急危险情况。选项A是船舶操纵信号（如离泊前的警告），C是一般遇险信号但非最优先方式，D是国际遇险信号弹但通常用于白天且需配合其他信号，不如Mayday直接明确。35、AccordingtotheInternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers(STCW),whichofthefollowinginformationisNOTtypicallyrecordedintheMaster'sLogbook?

A.Dailyweatherobservations

B.Positionfixesandtrack

C.Statusofnavigationequipment

D.Cargoloading/unloadingprocedures

【答案】：D

解析：TheMaster'sLogbookisrequiredtorecordessentialnavigationandoperationaldetails,includingdailyweatherobservations(A),positionfixesandtrack(B),andthestatusofnavigationequipment(C).Cargoloading/unloadingproceduresareprimarilytheresponsibilityoftheChiefOfficerandarerecordedinthecargolog,nottheMaster'sLogbook.Thus,Disthecorrectanswer.36、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Give-wayvessel

B.Stand-onvessel

C.Crossingvessel

D.Overtakingvessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中让路船的定义。Give-wayvessel（让路船）必须主动采取行动，避免与直航船（Stand-onvessel）碰撞，而直航船仅需保持航向和航速。选项B“Stand-onvessel”（直航船）无主动避让义务；选项C“Crossingvessel”（交叉相遇船）和D“Overtakingvessel”（追越船）是特定类型船舶，规则中明确让路船（Give-wayvessel）需承担主动避让责任，因此A为正确答案。37、WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectfullformofSOLAS?

A.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea

B.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofNavigationatSea

C.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofShipOperations

D.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofMaritimeTraffic

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约的英文全称。SOLAS（《国际海上人命安全公约》）的标准全称为“InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea”（选项A）。选项B将“Life”错误替换为“Navigation”（航行）；选项C混淆为“ShipOperations”（船舶操作）；选项D混淆为“MaritimeTraffic”（海上交通），均不符合公约正式名称。故正确答案为A。38、Whennavigatinginanarrowchannel,whichtermdescribesthevessel'sactionofmaintainingasafepositionalongthechannel'scenterline?

A.Tacking

B.Keepingtothefairway

C.Stern-to

D.Deadslow

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察狭水道航行术语。正确答案为B。A选项“Tacking”（抢风调向）指船舶改变航向以迎风航行，不适用于狭水道安全航行；C选项“Stern-to”（尾对船）指船舶以尾部朝向障碍物，不符合狭水道航行规则；D选项“Deadslow”（极慢速）仅描述航速，非航行策略术语。而“Keepingtothefairway”（沿航道行驶）是狭水道航行中保持安全位置的标准表述。39、Inmarinenavigation,theterm'astern'primarilyreferstowhichdirection?

A.Forwarddirectionoftheship

B.Rearwarddirectionoftheship

C.Portsideoftheship

D.Starboardsideoftheship

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察航海基础术语，正确答案为B。在航海英语中，'astern'特指船舶的后方（船尾方向）。选项A（Forward）是'forward'的含义（前方）；选项C（Port）和D（Starboard）分别是左舷和右舷，均与方向词'astern'无关。40、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whichstatementaboutthemaster'snavigationwatchresponsibilityisCORRECT?

A.Themastershallbeonthebridgewhenevertheshipisnavigatinginrestrictedvisibility.

B.Themastermustpersonallyassumecommandofthebridgewatchduringallnavigationoperations.

C.Themastermaydelegatethenavigationwatchkeepingdutiestothechiefofficerifthevisibilityisgood.

D.Themastershallensurethatthebridgeismannedwithatleasttwoqualifiedofficersatalltimes.

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中船长在航行值班中的职责。正确答案为A，SOLAS公约第V章明确要求，当船舶在能见度不良水域航行时，船长必须亲自在驾驶台指挥，确保船舶安全航行。选项B错误，船长仅在必要时（如能见度不良、通航密集等特殊情况）亲自指挥，非所有航行操作均需亲自指挥；选项C错误，船长不得随意将航行值班职责完全委托给大副，需根据实际情况决定；选项D错误，STCW公约对驾驶台人员配备有具体要求（如至少一名驾驶员和瞭望人员），并非强制“至少两名”。41、WhichVHFchannelisinternationallydesignatedfordistressandsafetycommunications?

A.Channel13

B.Channel16

C.Channel10

D.Channel70

【答案】：B

解析：ThisquestiontestsknowledgeofVHFcommunicationchannels.Channel16(B)istheinternationaldistressandsafetychannelforVHFradio,usedforurgentmaritimedistresssignals.Channel13(A)istypicallyusedforport-to-portcommunicationsinsomeregions,Channel10(C)isnotastandarddistresschannel,andChannel70(D)isusedforDigitalSelectiveCalling(DSC)distressalertsbutnotfordirectvoicecommunication.Thus,Biscorrect.42、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,thelifeboatsofashipshouldbestowedsuchthattheycan______.

A.Belaunchedonlyfromtheportside

B.Belaunchedonlyfromthestarboardside

C.Berapidlylaunchedfromeitherside

D.Bestowedinthehighestdecktoensurevisibility

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生艇存放要求。正确答案为C。SOLAS公约明确救生艇应设计为能从船的两侧迅速降落，以确保船舶遇险时（如倾斜、沉没），可从任一舷侧快速释放，保障应急救援效率。选项A、B错误，仅单侧存放无法应对复杂海况下的双向应急需求；选项D错误，最高甲板易受船舶倾斜影响，且不利于快速降落操作。43、Inshiphandling,whatdoesthecommand'Puttheengineastern'mean?

A.Slowdowntheenginetoaminimumspeed

B.Reversethepropellertomovetheshipbackward

C.Increaseenginespeedtomaximumahead

D.Maintainthecurrentcourseandspeed

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶操纵指令中“astern”的含义。“Puttheengineastern”意为“将主机倒车”，即通过反转螺旋桨使船舶后退。选项A是“slowahead”或“idle”的含义，C是“fullahead”（全速前进），D是“maintaincourse”（保向保速），均不符合题意。44、Whichstatementabout'free-falllifeboat'iscorrect?

A.Itislaunchedbygravitywithoutmechanicalassistance,typicallyusedinhigh-speedvessels

B.Itisatypeoflifeboatthatrequiresmanualloweringbycrewmembers

C.Itisdesignedtobelaunchedonlywhentheshipisstationary

D.Itisequippedwithaself-rightingmechanismtopreventcapsizing

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察救生艇类型“free-falllifeboat”的特点。自由降落救生艇（free-falllifeboat）通过重力自由降落，无需机械辅助，常用于高速船舶或要求快速撤离的场景。选项B描述的是传统救生艇（如降落式救生艇），C错误（自由降落艇可在航行中使用），D是救生艇通用安全设计（非自由降落艇特有）。45、Whenashipcollidesatsea,whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRST?

A.Immediatelyissuedistresssignals(e.g.,SOS)

B.Ensurethesafetyofallcrewandpassengers

C.Documentthecollisiontime,location,anddetails

D.Reporttheincidenttotheshipowner

【答案】：B

解析：Maritimesafetyprioritizeshumanlife.Whiledistresssignals(A)maybeneededlater,ensuringcrew/passengersafetyistheimmediatepriority.Documentation(C)occurspost-accident,andshipownerreporting(D)issecondary.CorrectanswerisB.46、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whatisthedefinitionof'safespeed'?

A.Thespeedatwhichthemasterfeelscomfortablenavigating

B.Aspeedthatallowsthevesseltostopwithinadistanceappropriatetotheprevailingconditions

C.Themaximumspeedallowedintheareabylocalregulations

D.ThespeedsetbytheGPStomaintainpositionaccuracy

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察《国际避碰规则》中安全航速的定义。根据COLREGs，安全航速是指“aspeedwherethevesselcanbestoppedinadistanceappropriatetotheprevailingcircumstancesandconditions”（即能在适合当时环境和情况的距离内停车的速度）。选项B符合定义；选项A（舒适速度）非法规定义；选项C（地方限速）与安全航速无关；选项D（GPS设定速度）错误，GPS仅用于定位而非设定航速。因此正确答案为B。47、WhenamasterreceivesadistressalertviaInmarsat-C,thefirstactionshouldbeto______.

A.Issueadistresssignal(e.g.,S.O.S.)

B.ContactthenearestMaritimeRescueCoordinationCenter(MRCC)

C.Determinetheexactlocationandnatureofthedistress

D.Abandonthevesselimmediatelyifindanger

【答案】：C

解析：Thisquestionfocusesonthemaster'sinitialresponsetodistressalerts.AccordingtoSOLASandmaritimeprotocols,thefirststep(C)istogatherinformationaboutthedistresslocationandnaturetodecidetheappropriaterescueaction.Issuingasignal(A)isprematurewithoutlocationconfirmation.ContactingMRCC(B)issubsequenttoassessingthesituation.Abandoningship(D)isalastresort,notthefirstaction.Thus,Ciscorrect.48、WhatisthecorrectChinesetranslationforthemarineweatherterm'Lowpressuresystem'?

A.Highpressuresystem

B.Lowpressuresystem

C.Frontalsystem

D.Cyclonicsystem

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察气象术语翻译。“Lowpressuresystem”直译为“低气压系统”，对应选项B。选项A（高压系统）为“Highpressuresystem”；选项C（锋面系统）为“Frontalsystem”，与低压无关；选项D（气旋系统）虽常伴随低压，但“Lowpressuresystem”的标准翻译为“低压系统”，故正确答案为B。49、Themastershouldenterintheship’slogbookallimportanteventsaffectingthesafetyoftheship,EXCEPT______.

A.Collisions

B.Groundings

C.Minorweatherdamage

D.Manoverboard

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及《航海日志管理规则》，船舶日志需记录所有影响船舶安全的重要事件，包括碰撞（A）、搁浅（B）、人员落水（D）等。选项C“Minorweatherdamage”（轻微天气损坏）因未达到影响安全的程度，通常无需详细记录，因此正确答案为C。50、WhichistheinternationallyrecognizedvisualdistresssignalspecifiedinSOLASChapterIIIformaritimeemergencies?

A.Rocketparachutesignal(redororangeflares)

B.VHFChannel16voicedistresscall

C.Inmarsat-Cdistressalertviasatellite

D.AISdistresspositionreportwiththeappropriateicon

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中遇险信号的分类。SOLASIII明确规定，视觉遇险信号包括火箭降落伞信号（Rocketparachutesignal）、手持红光信号等。选项B是VHF遇险通信频道，但“voicecall”本身非信号类型；选项C是Inmarsat-C遇险报警，属于无线电电子信号；选项D是AIS设备的遇险功能，非独立信号。正确答案为A，因其是SOLAS明确的视觉遇险信号类型。51、Whichofthefollowingtermsinnavigationreferstotheactualspeedofthevesselrelativetotheground(seabed)?

A.Speedoverground(SOG)

B.Boatspeed

C.Relativespeed

D.Speedthroughwater(STW)

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海核心术语，正确答案为A。在航海中，“Speedoverground(SOG)”即对地速度，指船舶相对于海底或固定参考点的实际航速，是船长判断船舶航行位置和到达时间的关键指标。选项B“Boatspeed”（船速）表述模糊，非标准术语；选项C“Relativespeed”（相对速度）指两物体间的速度差，与对地速度无关；选项D“Speedthroughwater(STW)”（船速）仅反映船舶相对于水流的速度，未考虑水流影响。52、Whichcommandisusedtoimmediatelystopthevessel'sforwardmovement?

A.Harda-port

B.Puttheenginesastern

C.Stopengines

D.Fullspeedahead

【答案】：C

解析：Thisquestionfocusesonshipmaneuveringcommands.'Stopengines'directlymeanstohaltthepropulsionsystemoftheship,whichcanimmediatelystoptheforwardmovement.'Harda-port'isacommandtoturntheruddertotheleft,whichisforchangingdirectionratherthanstopping.'Puttheenginesastern'isforreversingtheenginestoslowdownorback,butitdoesnotstoptheshipimmediately.'Fullspeedahead'istoincreasetheship'sspeed.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.53、UndertheCOLREGs(InternationalRulesforPreventingCollisionsatSea),whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollisionwhentwovesselscross?

A.Stand-onvessel

B.Give-wayvessel

C.Overtakingvessel

D.Anchoredvessel

【答案】：B

解析：COLREGsdefine'Give-wayvessel'astheoneobligatedtotakeearlyavoidanceactionincrossingsituations.'Stand-onvessel'(A)maintainscourse/speed.'Overtaking'(C)isadifferentscenario,and'Anchoredvessel'(D)hasright-of-wayoverapproachingvessels.CorrectanswerisB.54、Whichfireextinguishingsystemisessentialforcombatingelectricalfiresintheengineroom?

A.CO2system

B.Foamsystem

C.Watermistsystem

D.Drychemicalpowdersystem

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestionassessesfiresafetyknowledge.ThecorrectanswerisA:CO2systemsarecriticalforelectricalfiresbecausetheyextinguishbydisplacingoxygenwithoutwaterorresiduedamage.B(foam)andD(drypowder)contaminateequipment;C(watermist)riskselectricalshock.CO2istheonlynon-conductive,non-damagingoptionforengineroomelectricalfires.55、Whichtermreferstotheleftsideofashipwhenfacingthebow?

A.Port

B.Starboard

C.Stern

D.Bow

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海基本术语。正确答案为A，因为“Port”在航海中特指船舶面向船首时的左侧（左舷）；B选项“Starboard”为右舷（面向船首时右侧）；C选项“Stern”指船尾；D选项“Bow”指船首，均不符合题意。56、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepclearofanothervessel?

A.Stand-onvessel

B.Give-wayvessel

C.Overtakingvessel

D.Crossingvessel

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中船舶行动责任的知识点。根据COLREGs，让路船（Give-wayvessel）的核心义务是尽早采取行动以避免与他船碰撞，而直航船（Stand-onvessel）仅在必要时才需采取行动。选项A的直航船无主动避让义务；选项C的追越船需在追越过程中承担让路责任，但题干为一般性场景，“Give-wayvessel”是最直接的责任主体；选项D的交叉船需根据具体航向判断，并非统一承担避让责任。因此正确答案为B。57、Whatdoestheabbreviation'EPIRB'standforinmaritimesafetyequipment?

A.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon

B.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadarBeacon

C.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingVHFBeacon

D.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingSatelliteBeacon

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestionassessesmaritimeequipmentterminology.EPIRB(A)isdefinedasanEmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon,adevicethattransmitslocationdataviasatelliteforsearchandrescue.OptionBconfusesitwitharadarbeacon(e.g.,SART),CincorrectlyusesVHFinsteadofradio,andDmisclassifiesitassatellite-basedonly(EPIRBscanusebothsatelliteandradiofrequencies).Thus,Aiscorrect.58、Uponcollisionwithanothervessel,whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRST?

A.Issueacollisionreporttothenearestportauthorityimmediately

B.Takeimmediatestepstoensurethesafetyofthecrew,passengers,andtheship

C.Attempttotowthecollidingvesseltoasafeberthtoavoidobstruction

D.Contacttheship'sownerforinstructionsbeforetakinganyaction

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶碰撞后的首要操作原则。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及船舶应