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2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、Whatdoesthephrase'puttheshipabout'meaninnavigation?
A.Stoptheship
B.Puttheshipinreverse
C.Changethedirectionoftheship(turnaround)
D.Increasetheship'sspeed
【答案】:C
解析:本题考察船舶操纵指令术语。正确答案为C,“puttheshipabout”意为“掉头”,即改变船舶航向;A选项“Stoptheship”通常对应“bringtheshiptoahalt”;B选项“Puttheshipinreverse”指倒车;D选项“Increasetheship'sspeed”指加速,均为错误选项。2、船舶在能见度不良时锚泊,应鸣放的号笛信号是?
A.一长声
B.两短一长声
C.三短声
D.五短声
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察《国际海上避碰规则》中锚泊船号笛信号规则。根据规则,锚泊船在能见度不良水域时,应每1分钟鸣放一长声(锚泊信号),以表明锚泊状态;选项B“两短一长声”是机动船在狭水道航行时的号笛信号;选项C“三短声”为遇险信号;选项D“五短声”非标准号笛信号。因此正确答案为A。3、Whichcommandisusedtoindicatethattheshipshouldturntoportwithmaximumrudder?
A.Hardaport
B.Hardastarboard
C.Portturn
D.Starboardturn
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶操纵指令术语。船舶操纵中,“Hardaport”是标准指令,意为“左满舵”,用于指示船舶以最大左舵角转向,因此A正确。B“Hardastarboard”意为“右满舵”,方向错误;C“Portturn”和D“Starboardturn”表述模糊,非国际通用的操纵指令术语。4、Innauticalterminology,thephrase'wayon'means______.
A.Thevesselismakingheadwayandisundercontrol.
B.Thevesselhaslostallwayandisdrifting.
C.Thevesselismovingbackwardwithsternway.
D.Thevesselisanchoredandnotunderway.
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察航海术语理解,正确答案为A。'Wayon'referstoavesselmaintainingforwardmomentumundercontrol.OptionB('wayoff')describesavessellosingforwardmotion;OptionC('sternway')referstobackwardmovement;OptionD('anchored')isnotrelatedto'wayon'.Thus,Aiscorrect.5、WhichofthefollowingistheabbreviationfortheInternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers?
A.SOLAS
B.MARPOL
C.STCW
D.COLREG
【答案】:C
解析:本题考察STCW公约的英文缩写及全称。STCW是《InternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers》(《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》)的缩写,是海员培训、发证和值班标准的核心公约。选项ASOLAS为《国际海上人命安全公约》(SafetyofLifeatSea);选项BMARPOL为《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》(InternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips);选项DCOLREG是《国际避碰规则》(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea),均不符合题意。6、船舶航行日志(VoyageLog)中,无需记录的内容是?
A.船舶航速、航向及船位
B.能见度、气象条件及设备运行状态
C.货物装卸量及舱位调整情况
D.主机、舵机等关键设备的操作指令
【答案】:C
解析:本题考察航海日志记录规范。航行日志主要记录船舶航行过程中的动态(航速、航向、船位、气象、设备状态、操纵指令等)。选项C货物装卸量属于大副或理货报告范畴,非航行日志内容;选项A、B、D均为航行日志核心记录内容,故排除。7、Inshipmaneuveringterminology,theterm'sway'specificallydescribestheship'smovementinwhichdirection?A.Alongthelongitudinalaxis(foreandaft)B.Perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxis(sideways)C.Verticaldirection(upanddown)D.Diagonallyacrosstheship'slength
A.Alongthelongitudinalaxis(foreandaft)
B.Perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxis(sideways)
C.Verticaldirection(upanddown)
D.Diagonallyacrosstheship'slength
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察船舶操纵术语中横荡(sway)的定义。在船舶操纵学中,sway特指船舶沿垂直于首尾线(纵轴)方向的横向运动。选项A描述的是纵荡(surge),选项C为垂荡(heave),选项D为斜向运动,均不符合sway的定义。因此正确答案为B。8、Whatdoestheradiocall'Mayday,Mayday,Mayday'indicateinmaritimecommunication?
A.Generalsafetywarning
B.Emergencydistresssignal
C.Vessel'sroutinepositionreport
D.Navigationinstruction
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察国际遇险通信规则。'Mayday'是国际通用的遇险求救信号,由船舶、飞机等遇险时连续发送,用于请求紧急援助。选项A'Generalsafetywarning'(一般安全警告)通常使用'Pan-Pan'信号;选项C'Vessel'sroutinepositionreport'(船舶常规船位报告)使用'NavigationalMessage'格式;选项D'Navigationinstruction'(航行指令)不属于求救信号范畴。因此正确答案为B。9、AccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whichvesselisthe'stand-on'vesselinacrossingsituation?
A.Thevesselonthestarboardside
B.Thevesselontheportside
C.Thegive-wayvessel
D.Thefastervessel
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察交叉相遇局面中直航船(stand-onvessel)的定义。根据COLREGs,交叉相遇时,“让路船(give-wayvessel)”位于直航船的右舷,直航船则位于让路船的左舷(portside),因此B正确。A为让路船(右舷船需给左舷船让路);C“give-wayvessel”是让路船而非直航船;D速度快慢非判断直航/让路的依据。10、Whennavigatinginanarrowchannel,whichofthefollowingisaprimaryconcernforthehelmsman?
A.Maintainingaconstantspeedregardlessoftrafficdensity
B.Avoidingexcessiveuseoftheenginethrottletopreventpropellerwash
C.Minimizingthevessel'swaketoavoiddisturbingnearbyships
D.Alloftheaboveareimportantconsiderations
【答案】:D
解析:本题考察狭水道航行的操纵要点。选项A错误,安全航速需根据交通密度调整;选项B正确,螺旋桨尾流(wash)可能导致附近船舶失控或偏移;选项C正确,减小船尾流(wake)可避免影响周围小船或航道设施;选项D(以上均正确)为正确答案,因为狭水道航行需综合考虑速度、螺旋桨影响及尾流干扰等因素。11、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedirectionofthewindrelativetotheship'sheading?
A.Anemometer
B.Windvane
C.Magneticcompass
D.Echosounder
【答案】:B
解析:Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingtheinstrumentusedtomeasurewinddirection.OptionBiscorrectbecauseawindvaneisspecificallydesignedtoshowthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingrelativetotheship'sheading.OptionA,anemometer,isusedtomeasurewindspeed,notdirection.OptionC,amagneticcompass,isusedtodeterminethedirectionoftheship'sheading,notthewinddirection.OptionD,anechosounder,isusedtomeasurewaterdepth,notwind.12、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepclearofanothervessel?
A.Stand-onvessel
B.Give-wayvessel
C.Overtakingvessel
D.Crossingvessel
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中船舶行动责任的知识点。根据COLREGs,让路船(Give-wayvessel)的核心义务是尽早采取行动以避免与他船碰撞,而直航船(Stand-onvessel)仅在必要时才需采取行动。选项A的直航船无主动避让义务;选项C的追越船需在追越过程中承担让路责任,但题干为一般性场景,“Give-wayvessel”是最直接的责任主体;选项D的交叉船需根据具体航向判断,并非统一承担避让责任。因此正确答案为B。13、WhichofthefollowingisaprimaryresponsibilityoftheMasterduringnavigationwatchaccordingtoSTCWConvention?
A.Maintaincontinuousandeffectivelookout
B.Recordallpassengers'personalinformation
C.Signalldeparturedocumentsbeforesailing
D.Directtheengineroomtoadjustspeedimmediately
【答案】:A
解析:ThisquestionexaminesthecoredutyoftheMasterduringnavigationwatchunderSTCW(StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeeping)requirements.ThecorrectanswerisA,asmaintainingcontinuousandeffectivelookoutisexplicitlyaprimaryresponsibilitytoensuresafenavigation.Bisincorrectbecauserecordingpassengerinformationisnotanavigationwatchduty;Creferstopre-sailingdocumentsigning,notwatchkeeping;DisincorrectasdirectingengineroomoperationsfallsundercommunicationprotocolsratherthantheMaster'sdirectnavigationwatchresponsibility.14、Whichtermdescribestheperiodwhenthewaterlevelisneitherrisingnorfalling,betweenhighwaterandlowwater?
A.Ebbtide
B.Slackwater
C.Floodtide
D.Highwater
【答案】:B
解析:Thisquestionteststidalterminology.Slackwater(B)isthestillwaterperiodbetweenebbandfloodtides,wheretidalcurrentceases.Ebbtide(A)isthefallingphaseofwater,floodtide(C)istherisingphase,andhighwater(D)isthepeakwaterlevel.Thus,Bisthecorrectterm.15、Whichweatherphenomenonischaracterizedbyasuddenandviolentrotationofairaroundalow-pressurecenter,commonlyknownasa'typhoon'intheNorthwestPacific?
A.Hurricane
B.Typhoon
C.Tornado
D.Cyclone
【答案】:B
解析:Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingaspecifictypeoftropicalcyclone.OptionBiscorrectbecauseatyphoonispreciselythetermforastrongtropicalcycloneintheNorthwestPacific.OptionA,hurricane,isthetermforsimilarcyclonesintheAtlanticandNortheastPacific.OptionC,tornado,isasmall-scale,rapidlyrotatingcolumnofairandhasnodirectrelationtoalarge-scalelow-pressuresystem.OptionD,cyclone,isageneraltermforalarge-scalelow-pressuresystem,andtyphoonisjustonespecifictypeofcycloneinaparticularregion.16、Whenavesselintendstoovertakeanothervesselinanarrowchannel,accordingtoCOLREGs,whichactionshouldbetakenfirst?
A.Maintainonthestarboardsideoftheovertakenvesselandsoundtheovertakingsignalbeforestartingtoovertake
B.Keepontheportsideoftheovertakenvesselandreducespeedtoallowtheovertakenvesseltopass
C.Soundthedangersignalandimmediatelychangecoursetostarboardtoavoidcollision
D.Proceedatfullspeedandovertakeassoonaspossibletominimizethepassagetime
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察狭水道追越规则(COLREGsRule9)。追越时应保持在被追越船右舷(starboardside),并在追越开始前发出追越信号(如声号或VHF广播)。选项B错误,追越船应在被追越船右舷而非左舷;选项C错误,“危险信号”(如一短一长一短声)仅用于狭水道航行时的特定警告,非追越专用;选项D错误,盲目全速追越易引发碰撞风险。选项A符合“右舷追越+提前发信号”的核心规则,故正确。17、WhichofthefollowingisacorerequirementoftheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code?
A.ThemastershallensuretheshipoperateswithavalidSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)
B.Theshipmustcarryaminimumof10lifejacketsforcrewmembers
C.Thevessel'sradioequipmentmustpassannualinspections
D.Theship'screwmustattendmonthlysafetydrills
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察ISM规则核心要求。ISM规则要求建立并维护有效的安全管理体系(SMS),船长负责确保SMS的合规运行。B选项救生衣数量、C选项无线电年检、D选项月度演练均非ISM规则强制要求(属于具体操作细节)。因此正确答案为A。18、Inradarnavigation,whatdoes'TrueMotionDisplay(TMD)'show?
A.Relativemotionoftargetwithrespecttoownship
B.Truemotionoftargetwithrespecttofixedreference
C.Onlythetarget'sheadingandspeed
D.Trueheadingofthetargetonly
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察雷达显示模式的概念。正确答案为B,‘TrueMotionDisplay’(真运动显示)以真北为固定参考系,显示目标相对于地理坐标的实际运动轨迹。A选项‘Relativemotion’(相对运动显示)为RMD(RelativeMotionDisplay)的定义;C选项‘Onlyheadingandspeed’(仅航向和航速)描述过于片面,TMD需显示运动轨迹;D选项‘Trueheadingonly’(仅真航向)忽略了航速信息,不符合雷达标绘的基本要求。19、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,theMastermayauthorizeanofficertomaintainthenavigationwatchinwhichofthefollowingsituations?
A.Whenthevisibilityisreducedduetoheavyfog
B.Whentheofficerhassufficientexperienceinallweatherconditions
C.Whenthevesselisinanopenseawithgoodvisibilityandnonearbyvessels
D.Whentheshipisinanarrowchannelwithclearwaterdepth
【答案】:C
解析:本题考察STCW公约中航行值班授权规则。根据STCW公约A-VI/1部分,船长可授权驾驶员保持航行值班的前提是:船舶处于安全水域、能见度良好、周围无航行障碍物或其他船舶。选项A错误,因能见度不良(如大雾)时驾驶员瞭望受限,船长不得授权;选项B仅强调经验,忽略环境安全要求;选项D错误,狭水道航行需船长亲自监督,因航道复杂易发生碰撞。选项C符合“开阔水域、能见度良好、无附近船舶”的安全条件,故正确。20、Whichisthemostimmediatedistresssignaltobetransmittedwhenashipisindangerofsinking?
A.Morsecode'SOS'
B.VHFChannel16
C.Telexmessagetonearestportauthority
D.Satelliteemergencyalert(e.g.,Inmarsat-C)
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察船舶遇险信号的优先级。VHFChannel16(156.8MHz)是国际遇险与安全频道,船舶遇险时应立即在该频道发送清晰、简短的遇险信号(如“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday”),是最即时、最直接的海上遇险通信方式。A选项“Morsecode'SOS'”需依赖特定无线电设备(如GMDSS设备),操作复杂且响应延迟;C选项“Telexmessage”(电传)传输速度慢,不适合紧急情况;D选项“Satelliteemergencyalert”(卫星紧急警报)依赖卫星覆盖且需配合其他设备,无法替代即时VHF通信。因此正确答案为B。21、WhatistheEnglishtermforthedevicethatemitsacontinuoussoundsignaltoindicatethepresenceoftheship,suchasinfoggyconditions?
A.Fogsignal
B.SART
C.AIStransponder
D.EPIRB
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶设备功能。正确答案为A,“Fogsignal”(雾号)在能见度低时(如雾中)发出持续声音信号;B选项SART(搜救雷达应答器)用于被雷达探测后反射定位;C选项AIS(自动识别系统)用于船舶间信息交换;D选项EPIRB(应急无线电示位标)用于遇险信号发射,均为错误选项。22、WhatisthecorrectChinesetranslationforthemarineweatherterm'Lowpressuresystem'?
A.Highpressuresystem
B.Lowpressuresystem
C.Frontalsystem
D.Cyclonicsystem
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察气象术语翻译。“Lowpressuresystem”直译为“低气压系统”,对应选项B。选项A(高压系统)为“Highpressuresystem”;选项C(锋面系统)为“Frontalsystem”,与低压无关;选项D(气旋系统)虽常伴随低压,但“Lowpressuresystem”的标准翻译为“低压系统”,故正确答案为B。23、UnderCOLREGs,whennavigatinginanarrowchannel,theMastershouldensuretheship______.
A.Maintainssafespeedandkeepstothestarboardsideofthechannel
B.Proceedsatmaximumspeedtominimizenavigationtime
C.Reliessolelyonradarforlookoutinrestrictedvisibility
D.Reducesspeedonlywhenavesselissightedahead
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察狭水道航行的避碰规则。COLREGs第9条明确要求狭水道航行时船舶应使用安全航速(safespeed),并尽量靠近本船右舷航道行驶(keeptostarboardside)。B选项违反安全航速原则;C选项瞭望需结合视觉、听觉等多手段,不能仅依赖雷达;D选项安全航速应预先保持,而非遇船后才减速。因此正确答案为A。24、根据SOLAS公约要求,船舶救生艇的定期检查周期是?
A.每月进行一次检查
B.每季度进行一次全面检查
C.每半年进行一次降落试验
D.无需定期检查,仅在遇险时启用
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备的维护要求。SOLAS第III章明确规定,救生艇需每月检查设备完整性(如桨、信号弹、淡水等),每3个月进行降落/回收试验,每年进行全面检修。选项B错误,每季度检查周期不符合公约;选项C降落试验周期应为每3个月而非半年;选项D错误,救生艇必须定期检查以确保应急可用性。25、Whenafirebreaksoutintheengineroom,whichofthefollowingistheFIRSTactiontheMastershouldtake?
A.Orderimmediateabandonmentofthevessel.
B.Initiatetheship'sfire-fightingplanandrequestassistance.
C.Shutdownallelectricalpowertotheengineroom.
D.Evacuateallpassengerstoasafearea.
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察火灾应急处置流程,正确答案为B。根据船舶应急程序,船长首要职责是启动消防计划(如使用固定灭火系统、组织船员灭火)并请求外部援助(如VHF呼救、通知附近船舶)。选项A(立即弃船)仅在火势失控时执行;选项C(关闭所有电力)可能中断应急设备运行;选项D(疏散乘客)需根据火势范围判断,非首要动作。因此B正确。26、Whennavigatingincoastalwaters,whichequipmentisprimarilyusedtodeterminetheexactdepthofwaterunderthevessel?
A.Echosounder
B.Radar
C.GPSreceiver
D.Magneticcompass
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶助航设备的功能。正确答案为A。解析:Echosounder(回声测深仪)通过声波反射测量水深,是获取精确水深信息的核心设备;Radar(雷达)主要用于目标探测与避碰;GPSreceiver(全球定位系统)用于定位坐标;Magneticcompass(磁罗经)用于确定航向。因此,测深作业中应优先使用回声测深仪。27、AccordingtoSOLASregulations,whichdocumentmustbemaintainedonboardtorecordtheoperationandstatusoftheship'snavigationequipment?
A.NavigationLogbook
B.EquipmentMaintenanceManual
C.SafetyManagementManual(SMS)
D.RadioCommunicationLog
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约对船舶导航设备记录的要求。SOLAS明确要求《航海日志》(NavigationLogbook)记录导航设备的操作、维护及状态,是法定必备文件。选项B(设备维护手册)为操作指南,非记录文件;选项C(SMS)是安全管理体系文件,不直接记录设备状态;选项D(无线电通信日志)仅记录通信内容,与导航设备无关。因此正确答案为A。28、Uponencounteringanimmediatethreattothesafetyoftheship,theMaster'sprimaryresponsibilityisto______.
A.Directtheimmediateactionstoensuretheship'ssafety
B.Immediatelynotifytheshipownerofthesituation
C.Contactthenearestportauthorityforemergencyassistance
D.Waitforinstructionsfromthecompany'sshore-basedheadquarters
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船长在船舶安全威胁下的核心职责。船长首要职责是立即指挥采取行动保障船舶安全(选项A正确)。选项B、C属于后续辅助措施,非首要任务;选项D违背船长独立决策与指挥的职责要求,因此错误。29、船舶发生火灾,当火势蔓延到机舱,船长应首先采取的措施是?
A.组织船员灭火
B.下令弃船
C.关闭机舱通风
D.启动应急发电机
【答案】:C
解析:本题考察船舶火灾应急处置。关闭机舱通风(C)可切断氧气供应,有效延缓火势蔓延,是控制初期火灾的关键措施;选项A组织灭火需在控制通风后进行;选项B弃船是最后逃生手段,非首要措施;选项D启动应急发电机与控制火势无直接关联。因此正确答案为C。30、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whatmeansshouldanavigatingofficeronwatchuseforlookout?
A.Visual,auditory,radar,VHF
B.Visual,auditory,radar,electronicnavigationaids
C.Onlyvisualandauditorymeans
D.OnlyradarandAIS
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察STCW公约中航行瞭望的要求。正确答案为B,瞭望应综合运用视觉、听觉、雷达及电子助航设备,以全面掌握船舶周围环境。A选项VHF属于通信工具,非瞭望手段;C错误,电子设备是瞭望的重要辅助;D错误,忽略了视觉、听觉等基本瞭望手段。31、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasuretheship'sheadingrelativetothemagneticnorth?
A.MagneticCompass
B.Gyrocompass
C.GPSReceiver
D.EchoSounder
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察航海仪器的功能。MagneticCompass(磁罗经)通过地球磁场指示船舶航向相对于磁北的角度;Gyrocompass(陀螺罗经)基于陀螺原理指示真北航向,精度更高但不依赖磁场;GPSReceiver(GPS接收机)用于定位与导航,非航向测量;EchoSounder(回声测深仪)用于测量水深。因此正确答案为A。32、Whichofthefollowinginformationmustberecordedintheship'slogbookaccordingtointernationalregulations?
A.Vessel'sheading,speed,position,weatherconditions,visibility
B.Alldetailsofengineroomoperations
C.Crewmembers'dailyschedulesandmeals
D.Detailsofnavigationequipmentmaintenance
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据《国际海上避碰规则》,航海日志需记录船舶动态(航向、航速、船位)、航行环境(天气、能见度、海况)及关键操作,对应选项A。选项B(机舱操作细节)属于机舱日志;选项C(船员日程)为船上管理记录;选项D(设备维护)属于设备维修记录,均非航海日志核心内容,故正确答案为A。33、Whennavigatinginrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRSTtoensuresafety?
A.Increaseenginespeedtocleartheareaasquicklyaspossible
B.Soundthefogsignalatregularintervals
C.Assignadditionalcrewmemberstothebridgeforconstantlookout
D.Switchonallnavigationlightsandradar
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察雾中航行首要措施。根据避碰规则,雾中航行首要行动是按规则鸣放雾号(如机动船每2分钟鸣放一长声),以引起周围船舶注意。A选项盲目加速增加碰撞风险;C、D为辅助措施,但非首要行动(瞭望和雾号是基础)。因此正确答案为B。34、WhichofthefollowingisarecognizeddistresssignalundertheInternationalCodeofSignals(ICS)?
A.Singleletter'N'flag(Nflagalone)
B.Redsquareoverwhitesquare(InternationalCodeflags)
C.Greenball(Greencircle)displayedonthevessel
D.Yellowflagwithblacksquare(InternationalCodeflags)
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察国际信号规则中的遇险信号识别。根据《国际信号规则》,遇险信号需使用特定的遇险信号旗组合,其中红方旗(N旗)叠加白方旗(S旗)是国际通用的遇险信号组合(对应ICS中遇险信号代码)。选项A(单独字母旗)、C(绿色球,用于特定作业信号,非遇险)、D(黄底黑方旗,为危险货物信号)均非遇险信号。正确答案为B。35、WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectfullformofSOLAS?
A.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea
B.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofNavigationatSea
C.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofShipOperations
D.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofMaritimeTraffic
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约的英文全称。SOLAS(《国际海上人命安全公约》)的标准全称为“InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea”(选项A)。选项B将“Life”错误替换为“Navigation”(航行);选项C混淆为“ShipOperations”(船舶操作);选项D混淆为“MaritimeTraffic”(海上交通),均不符合公约正式名称。故正确答案为A。36、Whenashipcollidesatsea,whichactionshouldthemastertakeFIRST?
A.Immediatelyissuedistresssignals(e.g.,SOS)
B.Ensurethesafetyofallcrewandpassengers
C.Documentthecollisiontime,location,anddetails
D.Reporttheincidenttotheshipowner
【答案】:B
解析:Maritimesafetyprioritizeshumanlife.Whiledistresssignals(A)maybeneededlater,ensuringcrew/passengersafetyistheimmediatepriority.Documentation(C)occurspost-accident,andshipownerreporting(D)issecondary.CorrectanswerisB.37、Whatdoestheterm'freeboard'refertoinshipterminology?
A.Theverticaldistancefromtheloadwaterlinetotheupperdeckedge
B.Thehorizontaldistancebetweentwoadjacentholds
C.Themaximumspeedoftheshipincalmwater
D.Thedraftoftheshipindeepwater
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶术语定义。正确答案为A。解析:Freeboard(干舷)是船舶重要参数,指从载重水线(Loadwaterline)到上层甲板边缘的垂直距离,反映船舶储备浮力;B选项描述的是货舱间距;C选项为船速;D选项Draft(吃水)是船底到水面的距离,与干舷定义相反。38、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,eachshipshallbeequippedwithatleasthowmanylifeboatsforrescue?
A.2lifeboats
B.1lifeboat
C.3lifeboats
D.4lifeboats
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备的基本要求。SOLAS公约(国际海上人命安全公约)规定,货船至少需配备2艘救生艇,客船需根据吨位和乘客数量增加配置(通常不少于2艘)。选项B'1lifeboat'(1艘救生艇)不符合公约最低要求;选项C'3lifeboats'和D'4lifeboats'为额外配置,非最低标准。因此正确答案为A。39、WhichisthecorrectVHFdistresscallformatforavesselinimmediatedanger?
A.Mayday,Mayday,Mayday
B.Distress,Distress,Distress
C.SOS,SOS,SOS
D.Help,Help,Help
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察VHF遇险信号的标准格式。Mayday是国际海事组织(IMO)规定的VHF遇险信号,必须以三个重复的“Mayday”发送,清晰明确地表明船舶处于紧急危险状态。选项B“Distress”非标准格式;选项C“SOS”是摩尔斯电码信号,VHF中已不常用;选项D“Help”无国际标准遇险含义,因此A为正确答案。40、在能见度不良的水域中,锚泊船为引起附近船舶注意,应采取的信号措施是?
A.每1分钟鸣放一长声号笛
B.开启所有航行灯
C.显示号型(垂直两个球体)
D.使用雷达反射器
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察能见度不良时锚泊船的信号规定。根据《国际避碰规则》,能见度不良时,锚泊船应每1分钟鸣放一长声号笛以发出听觉信号。选项B(航行灯)是持续显示的视觉信号,在能见度不良时无法有效引起注意;选项C(号型)主要用于白天识别,非听觉信号;选项D(雷达反射器)需配合主动设备使用,本身不发出信号。因此正确答案为A。41、船舶在狭水道航行时,应采取的最佳操纵策略是?
A.保持航向稳定并使用车钟控制航速(如慢速前进)
B.全速前进以缩短航行时间
C.频繁转向以避开所有障碍物
D.仅依赖雷达导航,无需目视瞭望
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察狭水道航行操纵原则。狭水道内船舶应保持航向稳定,使用车钟控制航速(如慢速前进),避免突然转向或全速前进(易失控)。选项B错误,全速前进会增加碰撞风险;选项C错误,频繁转向易导致船位失控;选项D错误,狭水道航行需结合目视瞭望与雷达,确保安全。42、船舶遭遇紧急情况(如碰撞、火灾)时,最有效的初始求救信号方式是?
A.使用VHF频道16(国际遇险与安全频道)发送SOS
B.仅通过AIS自动广播遇险信息
C.用雷达扫描周围水域并持续鸣笛
D.直接向最近港口VTS中心发送常规通话
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察GMDSS应急通信规范。船舶遇险时,VHF频道16发送SOS是最直接有效的初始信号(选项A正确)。选项B错误,AIS需手动激活遇险模式,无法自动广播;选项C错误,雷达仅用于探测,无法直接求救;选项D错误,常规VHF通话无法触发应急响应,需明确发送遇险信号。43、Inmaritimenavigation,whatdoestheterm'Way'referto?
A.Theforwardspeedoftheshiprelativetothewater
B.Theabilityoftheshiptomaintainasteadycourse
C.Theanglebetweentheship'sheadingandthetruenorth
D.Therateatwhichtheshipischangingdirection
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶操纵术语。Way特指船舶相对于水的前进速度(船速),是船舶航行中的核心参数。B选项描述的是船舶“保向性”(SteeringAbility);C选项“headingtotruenorth”是船首向,与Way无关;D选项“changingdirectionrate”对应“turningrate”(转舵速率),非Way的定义。因此正确答案为A。44、WhichofthefollowingisacorerequirementoftheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code?
A.EstablishingadocumentedSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)
B.Conductingmonthlydrillsforfireandabandonshipscenarios
C.Maintainingalogbookwithaccurateengineroomentries
D.EnsuringallcrewmembersholdavalidSTCWcertificate
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察ISM规则的核心要求。ISM规则的核心是公司建立并实施文件化的安全管理体系(SMS),以规范船舶安全操作。选项B(每月消防/弃船演习)是SMS的具体执行内容,非核心要求;选项C(机舱记录准确的航海日志)属于日常操作范畴,与ISM规则无关;选项D(船员持有STCW证书)属于STCW公约范畴,非ISM规则的要求。因此正确答案为A。45、UndertheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whichofthefollowingscenariosdefinesacrossingsituation?
A.Twovesselswitharelativebearingof0°andtheircoursesareconvergingrapidly
B.Theircoursescross,andthereexistsariskofcollisionbetweenthem
C.Onevesselovertakesanother,andtheovertakenvesselisonitsstarboardside
D.Bothvesselsnavigateinthesamedirectionwithchangingrelativebearings
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中交叉局面的定义。交叉局面的核心特征是两船航向交叉且存在碰撞危险。选项A描述的是对遇局面(head-onsituation),此时两船航向几乎相反;选项C描述的是追越局面(overtakingsituation),追越船需承担让路责任;选项D不符合交叉局面的基本定义,更接近平行航向但未交叉的情况。正确答案为B,因其严格符合COLREGs中交叉局面的定义。46、AccordingtoSOLASChapterIII,theminimumnumberoflifebuoysrequiredonacargoshipwithagrosstonnageof1000GTis______.
A.6
B.8
C.10
D.12
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约救生设备要求知识点。正确答案为A,根据SOLASChapterIII,1000GT货船需至少配备6个救生圈(每500GT至少1个,且首尾、两舷分布不少于2个/舷)。B选项8个为小型客船标准,C选项10个和D选项12个均为大型船舶(如2000GT以上)的额外配置要求,不符合题干“minimum”(最低)条件。47、Toindicateaportturn,thebridgeofficershouldgivewhichsignal?
A.Porthandsignal
B.Starboardhandsignal
C.Blastingthreeshortblasts
D.Blastingfiveshortblasts
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶转向意图的信号规范。船舶转向意图通过手势信号或声号表示:A项“Porthandsignal”(左舷手势)是转向左舷的标准手势(左手向前伸出并移动,掌心向前);B项右舷手势用于指示右转向;C项三短声(选项C)通常表示“碰撞危险”,D项五短声为遇险信号(SOS)。因此,左转向应使用左舷手势,答案为A。48、WhichvesselisREQUIREDtokeepoutofthewayofallothervesselsinatrafficseparationscheme(TSS)accordingtoCOLREGs?
A.AvesselcrossingtheTSSfromonesidetotheother.
B.AvesselenteringtheTSSfromtheside.
C.AvesselovertakinganothervesselwithintheTSS.
D.AvesselanchoredattheouterlimitoftheTSS.
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中交通分道制(TSS)的避让责任,正确答案为A。根据COLREGs第10条,穿越分道通航制(TSS)的船舶(crossingvessel)需以最小角度穿越并避让分道内的直航船。选项B(进入TSS的船舶)应从端部进入,无需主动避让;选项C(追越船)仅需给被追越船让路;选项D(锚泊船)禁止在TSS内锚泊。因此A正确。49、WhenamasterreceivesadistressalertviaInmarsat-C,thefirstactionshouldbeto______.
A.Issueadistresssignal(e.g.,S.O.S.)
B.ContactthenearestMaritimeRescueCoordinationCenter(MRCC)
C.Determinetheexactlocationandnatureofthedistress
D.Abandonthevesselimmediatelyifindanger
【答案】:C
解析:Thisquestionfocusesonthemaster'sinitialresponsetodistressalerts.AccordingtoSOLASandmaritimeprotocols,thefirststep(C)istogatherinformationaboutthedistresslocationandnaturetodecidetheappropriaterescueaction.Issuingasignal(A)isprematurewithoutlocationconfirmation.ContactingMRCC(B)issubsequenttoassessingthesituation.Abandoningship(D)isalastresort,notthefirstaction.Thus,Ciscorrect.50、WhichofthefollowingisamandatoryrequirementforashipunderSOLASConvention?
A.CarryingasufficientnumberoflifeboatsasperSOLASstandards
B.Usinginternationalcodeflagsforcommunication
C.Maintainingalogbookinaformatapprovedbytheship'sflagstate
D.ConductingweeklyfiredrillsasperSOLASrequirements
【答案】:A
解析:ThisquestionisaboutthemandatoryrequirementsoftheSOLAS(SafetyofLifeatSea)Convention.OptionAiscorrectbecauseSOLAShasstrictregulationsonthenumberandspecificationsoflifeboatstoensurethesafetyofcrewandpassengersinemergencies.OptionB:UsinginternationalcodeflagsisnotamandatoryrequirementofSOLAS;itisacommonmeansofcommunicationbutnotrequiredbytheconvention.OptionC:Theformatofthelogbookisusuallydeterminedbytheship'sflagstateorlocalmaritimeregulations,anditisnotadirectmandatoryrequirementofSOLAS.OptionD:SOLASrequiresregularfiredrills,butthefrequencyisnotspecifiedasweeklyintheconvention;itisusuallymonthlyorbasedontheship'sspecificsituation,and'weekly'isnotastandardmandatoryfrequency.51、Whenthemasterintendstomaintainaconstantcourseduringnavigation,theappropriatecommandis:
A.Setanddrift
B.Steadyheading
C.Speedcontrol
D.Positionfixing
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察船舶操纵英语指令的理解。选项A'Setanddrift'指水流偏航和漂移,是描述船舶位置偏差的术语,非指令;选项C'Speedcontrol'仅涉及速度调节,与保持航向无关;选项D'Positionfixing'是定位操作,非航向指令。正确答案B'Steadyheading'意为“保持航向”,符合船长维持恒向航行的指令需求。52、Whichtermreferstothespeedatwhichavesselcanbestoppedandturnedinagivendistance,consideringprevailingseaconditionsandnavigationalhazards?
A.Safespeed
B.Minimumspeed
C.Maximumspeed
D.Steamingspeed
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察安全航速的定义。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及航海实践,安全航速(Safespeed)是指船舶在当时环境和情况下,能够采取适当而有效的避碰行动,并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离内把船停住的速度。B选项“Minimumspeed”(最低速度)无行业定义,仅指理论下限;C选项“Maximumspeed”(最高速度)是船舶设计的最大航行速度,未考虑安全因素;D选项“Steamingspeed”(航行速度)是船舶通常航行时的速度,不涉及安全停船距离。因此正确答案为A。53、Whichterminnavigationreferstothespeedofavesselrelativetotheseabedorland?
A.Boatspeed
B.Groundspeed
C.Relativespeed
D.Trawlspeed
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察航海术语的英文表达。选项B正确,“Groundspeed”指对地速度(船相对于海底/陆地的速度)。选项A(Boatspeed)指船速(相对于水的速度);选项C(Relativespeed)指相对速度(两物体间的速度差);选项D(Trawlspeed)指拖网速度,与题意无关。因此正确答案为B。54、Upondiscoveringafireintheengineroom,whichistheFIRSTactiontheMastershouldtakeaccordingtoSOLASfiresafetyregulations?
A.Ordertheimmediateabandonmentofthevessel
B.Soundthegeneralalarmandorganizecrewtocombatthefire
C.ContactthenearestMRCCviaVHFChannel16forassistance
D.Shutdownallelectricalsystemstopreventthefirefromspreading
【答案】:B
解析:本题考察SOLAS公约火灾应急程序。根据SOLAS第II-2章,发现火灾后船长应立即启动通用警报(GeneralAlarm),组织船员进行灭火行动(选项B正确)。选项A错误,弃船是火灾失控后的最后手段,非首要步骤;选项C错误,联系MRCC属于后续报告环节,非应急第一步;选项D错误,盲目断电可能导致消防泵、应急照明等关键设备失效。故正确答案为B。55、Whichofthefollowingistheprimaryfunctionofaship'sradar?
A.Todetectothervessels,landmasses,andnavigationalhazards
B.Tomeasuretheship'sspeedthroughwater
C.Todeterminetheship'strueheading
D.Tocalculatetheship'sestimatedposition(EP)
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶雷达的主要功能。雷达通过发射电磁波并接收回波,主要用于探测船舶周围的其他船只、陆地、浅滩等航行障碍物,确保航行安全。选项B(测船速)通常由计程仪(Log)完成;选项C(确定真航向)由罗经(Compass)提供;选项D(计算估计船位)需结合GPS、陆标定位等多种手段,非雷达的主要功能。因此正确答案为A。56、WhichVHFchannelisusedforinternationalmaritimedistressandsafetycommunications?
A.Channel16
B.Channel70
C.Channel13
D.Channel80
【答案】:A
解析:Thisquestionisaboutmaritimecommunication.VHFChannel16istheinternationallydesignatedchannelformaritimedistressandsafetycommunications.Channel70ismainlyusedforemergencypositioningindicatingradiobeacons(EPIRB)andsearchandrescuetransponders(SART)insomespecificsituations.Channels13and80arenottheprimarychannelsfordistresscommunications.SothecorrectanswerisA.57、Whennavigatinginrestrictedvisibility,whichsoundsignalshouldbeusedbyavessel?
A.Oneprolongedblastfollowedbytwoshortblasts
B.Oneshortblast
C.Twoprolongedblasts
D.Threeshortblasts
【答案】:A
解析:本题考察船舶在能见度不良时的声号规则。根据《国际避碰规则》,机动船在能见度不良(如雾中)航行时,应每2分钟鸣放一长两短声(选项A),以表明本船动态。选项B(一短声)通常用于互见中船舶避让的信号;选项C(两长声)无标准使用场景;选项D(三短声)是引航船在船首方向有引航员时的特定信号,均不符合题意。故正确答案为A。58、Whichofthefollowingbestdefines'safespeed'accordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)?
A.
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