2025-2026学年广东省大湾区高二（上）期末英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2025-2026学年广东省大湾区高二（上）期末英语试卷第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（7.5分）EssentialDevicesforSmartHomesSmarthomesarenolongerafuturisticfantasythey'rethepresentanddevelopingrapidly.Whetheryou'reabeginneroralreadydeepintohomeautomation，herearesomeessentialdevicesthatshouldbepartofeverymodernsmarthomein2026.SmartHubs：theCentralBrainGonearethedaysofseparatesystems.Today'ssmarthubsactascentralizedcontrolcenters，supportingvariouswirelesstechnologieslikeZigbee，Z﹣Wave，Matter，andWi﹣Fi.Asmarthomehuboffershomeownerssmoothcontroloverlighting，heating，securityandmoreallfromasingleapponyourphoneortablet.AISecurityCameras：YourWatchfulEyesSecurityisthenumberonereasonhomeownersinvestinsmarttech.Unlikeconventionalcamerasthatsimplyrecordvideo，modernsecuritycameras，equippedwithAI，havetakenaleapparticularlywithfeatureslikefacialrecognitionaswellasreal﹣timealertsandevenvehicleidentification.Somealsoprovidelocalstorage，4kpicturequalityandAI﹣basedthreatdetection，keepingyourhomesafer.SmartThermostats：forComfortandSavingsASmartThermostatdoesmorethanjustsetthetemperature.Itcanalsolearnyourdailyscheduleandpreferences.Thenitautomaticallyadjuststhetemperaturewhenyouareawayorasleepbasedonweatherforecast.Thissmartadjustmentcancutenergycostsbyupto25%，reducingyourcarbonfootprintwhileincreasingcomfortandsavingmoney.Leak&SmokeDetectors：fordisasterPreventionThesedevicesprovidecrucialprotectionforyourhome.Theyofferrealtimealertstowaterleaksorsmoke，andcanevenautomaticallyshutoffwatersuppliesoralertlocalemergencyservices.Byactingearly，thesesystemscanpreventthousandsofdollarsinpotentialpropertydamage.1.Whatisthemainfunctionofasmarthub？A.Toserveasacontrolcenter.B.Tosupportwirelesstech.C.Toreplaceseparatesystems.D.Toofferabsolutecontrol.2.Whatishomeowners'primarymotivationforbuyingsmartdevices？A.Betterquality.B.Morefunctions.C.Improvedsafety.D.Enlargedstorage.3.Whichdeviceiseco﹣friendly？A.Asmarthub.B.Asmartthermostat.C.Asmokedetector.D.AnAIsecuritycamera.（10分）MylifewasgoingfineuntilonedayIwasfoundtohaveIgAnephropathy，arareandseriouskidney（肾）disease，makingmylifefallapartlikeglassintoamillionpieces.Thinkingaboutmyhusbandandmysix﹣year﹣olddaughter，Istruggledtoadaptmyselftothetoughrealityforawhile.ButasdayspassedandIstartedtreatment，Irealizedthiswashowmylifewasgoingtobe.Istoppedcrying，blaming，andvictimizingmyself.ImadeaconsciouschoicetobepositiveandbeganthinkingabouthowIcouldmakemylifesmootherandovercomethischallenge.IlearnedeverythingIcouldfrommydoctorsandreadmoreaboutthedisease.Itwasarelieftodiscoverthatwhilesevere，itisnotalwaysfatal.Thisrealizationtransformedwhatonceseemedlikeadeathsentenceintoawake﹣upcalltomakethemostofeverymoment.Betweenthetwotreatmentpathsoflifelongdialysis（透析）andatransplant（移植），Ichosethelatterandcommittedmyselftoitbystrictlyfollowingmedicaladviceandmaintainingahealthylifestyle.Itwasademandingprocessfilledwithstrictdietsandfrequentcheck﹣ups.Throughthedifficultjourney，however，Ibecamefirmlyawareofthefactthatmyfamilywereastrongsupportsystem，alwaysremindingmethatIwasneveraloneinthisbattle.Myheartwasfilledwithdeepgratitudeforthem，andgraduallyIdevelopedasenseofgratitudeforthelittleblessingsthatoftengounnoticedinmylife—liketheairIbreathe，thecleanwaterIdrink，thefriendsIsharejoysandsorrowswith，thecelebrationsIenjoyandsomuchmore.Wantingtopreservethesefeelings，IfoundedaGratitudeapptorecordthem.Althoughstillapatient，Iamconvincedthatweallcansailthroughtoughtimeswithgracebystayinggratefulinourhearts.4.Whydoestheauthormention"glass"inparagraph？A.Todetailthecauseofherdisease.B.Toindicateapositivechange.C.Toillustrateasuddenbreakdown.D.Toexplainamedicalcondition.5.Whatmadetheauthorfeelrelieved？A.Thedoctorsgaveherusefuladvice.B.Herconditionhadstartedtoimprove.C.Thediseasewasfoundnotalwaysdeadly.D.Shefullyunderstoodthetreatmentprocess.6.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthistoughexperience？A.Thechoiceofstayingpositivetofaceillness.B.Theimportanceofstrictlyfollowingdoctors'advice.C.Thepositiveeffectofahealthylifestyleonrecovery.D.Thegratitudeforfamily'ssupportandotherlittlejoys.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsherbattlewiththedisease？A.Hopeful.B.Carefree.C.Passive.D.Mixed.（10分）Fromhousepetstomarinelife，animalsarenowdevelopingthesamechronic（慢性的）diseasesashumans，suchasdiabetes，jointdisordersandcancer.Thesediseasesarebecomingincreasinglycommon，yetthescientificcommunitystilllacksbroad，cross﹣fieldresearchthatexplainswhytheyareontheriseinsomanyspecies.Itisessentialtounderstandthesetrendsasthesamefactorsinfluencinganimalhealthoftenaffecthumansaswell.Toimprovemonitoringandmanagementofchronicdiseasesinanimals，arecentstudy，ledbyanimalscientistMataragka，assesseschronicdiseases'occurrenceamongdifferentanimalgroupsandexamineshowspecificriskfactorscontributetodiseasedevelopment.Everyanimalgetsstrengthsaswellasweaknessesfromitsparents.Someanimalshavebeenselectivelybred（育种）forspecificpurposesovergenerations，whichcansometimesleadtoahigherriskofcertaingeneticdisorders.Forinstance，dogsandcatsthathavebeenselectivelybredforappearanceandlivestockbredforproductivityshowhigherratesofchronicdiseases.Inaddition，environmentalchanges，suchasglobalwarmingandhabitatdecline，increasethefrequencyandseverityofharmfulexposures.Warmingoceansarerelatedwithhighercancerratesinmarinelife.Incities，risingtemperaturesandpoorairqualitycontributetochronicdiseasesincompanionanimals."Theabsenceofearlydiagnostic（诊断的）systemsdelaysthedetectionofdiseasesinanimals，"saysMataragka."Whilemedicalorganizationsprovideextensivedataonchronicdiseasesrateinhumans，similardetailedstatisticsforanimalsarescarce.Thisindicatestheneedformorecomprehensiveresearchandenhancedmonitoringinanimalhealthtobetterunderstandandaddresstheseissues."Thestudyproposesstrategiestoreducechronicdiseasesatfouraspects：individual，group，ecosystem，andpolicy.Mataragkahopesthisintegratedapproachwillsupportmorejointmonitoringofanimals，people，andecosystemsandhelpidentifyearlywarningsignsofrisingchronicdiseases.Byrecognizingshareddriversofchronicdiseases，researchersandpolicymakersmaybebetterequippedtoreducediseaserisksacrossspecies.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthepresentresearchonanimalchronicdiseases？A.Itisdevelopingslowly.B.Itaffectshumanhealth.C.Itcoversvariousanimals.D.Itcallsforjointstudies.9.Whatarethemainfactorscausinganimalchronicdiseases？A.Appearanceandstress.B.Dietandtemperature.C.Geneandsurroundings.D.Habitsandcompanions.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scarce"meaninparagraph5？A.Limited.B.Economical.C.Reliable.D.Identical.11.Howcanwepractisetheintegratedapproach？A.Bymonitoringecosystem.B.Byactingatmultiplelevels.C.Bydetectingearlywarnings.D.Byequippingpolicymakers.（10分）Theforceofavolcaniceruptioniscloselytiedtohowmanygasbubbles（气泡）appearwithinrisingmagma（岩浆）.Formanyyears，scientistsbelievedthatmostbubblesdevelopedonlywhenmagmaroseandthesurroundingpressurefell.Highpressurekeepsgasesmixedwiththehotliquidrock，butwhenpressuredecreases，gasesescapeandformbubbles.Asbubblesbuildup，themagmarisesfasterandsometimeseruptviolently.Thisprocesscanbecomparedtoopeningabottleofcoke.Whenthebottleisclosed，pressurekeepsgasintheliquid.Removingthecapreducesthatpressure，allowinggastoseparateintobubbles.Thesebubblesriserapidly，carryingtheliquidupwardandproducingasuddenrushofliquid.However，thisestablishedtheoryfailedtoexplainwhysomegas﹣richvolcanoeslikeMountSt.Helenssometimesburstoutgentlyeventhoughtheyhavethepowertoblowupviolently.Thiscontradictionledresearcherstofindanotherwaybubblescanform：friction（摩擦）forces.Thenewstudydemonstratesthatsimplefrictionwithinmovingmagmacanalsogeneratebubbles.Imaginestirringhoneyinacontainer—thehoneynearthespoonmovesquicklywhilehoneytouchingthecontainerwallsmovesslowly.Similarly，involcanicpaths，magmanearthewallstravelsmoreslowlythanmagmainthecenter.Thisdifferenceinspeedcreatesfrictionthatcanformbubblesevenwithoutapressuredrop.Laboratoryexperimentsconfirmedthatwhenthisfrictionisstrongenough，itcausesbubblestoform.Thisexplainspreviouslypuzzlingvolcanicbehavior：strongfrictioncreatesconnectedbubblechannelsingas﹣richmagma，whichallowsgastoescapegradually.Thisearlyandsteadylossofgaspreventsthedangerouspressurebuildupthatwouldotherwiseleadtoanexplosion.Thesefindingsprovidecrucialadvancesinvolcanology.Addingfriction﹣drivenbubbleformationtopredictivemodelshelpsscientistsbetterunderstandwhysomevolcanoeseruptviolentlywhileotherscomeoutinslow，steadystreams.Thisenhancedunderstandingwillultimatelyimproveeruptionforecastingaccuracyandstrengthenprotectivemeasuresforcommunitiesnearactivevolcanoesworldwide.12.Whatwasthetraditionalexplanationforbubbleformationinmagma？A.Frictionforces.B.Temperaturerise.C.Chemicalreactions.D.Pressuredecrease.13.Howdoesthehoney﹣stirringexamplehelpexplaintheprocess？A.Byshowingwhereheatcomesfrom.B.Byshowinghowfrictioncreatesbubbles.C.Byshowingwhatchemicalsareinvolved.D.Byshowingwhatcausespressurechanges.14.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheroleoffrictionforcesingas﹣richmagma？A.Theyactasasafetymeasure.B.Theydelaytheeruptionprocess.C.Theyspeedupmagmamovement.D.Theyreducethemagma'sgascontent.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.FutureGoalsinVolcanoScience.B.ANewForcebehindQuietVolcanoes.C.TheEndofTraditionalVolcanoTheory.D.GeneralKnowledgeofVolcanicEruptions.第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（12.5分）AnxietydisordersareamongthemostcommonmentalhealthissuesintheUS，affectingaboutoneinfivepeople.16Foryears，scientistshavebeenconfusedabouthowanxietybeginsandiscontrolledwithinthebrain.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofUtahhascastlightonthismystery.Previously，researchershadadifferentideaaboutwhichbraincellscontrolanxiety.17However，anewstudychallengesthisview.Itfoundthatthekeycellsaren'tneurons（神经元）thatusuallyresponsibleforlong﹣distanceelectricalsignals.Instead，specificimmunecellscalledmicrogliaarethekeyplayers.Tofigureouthowmicrogliawork，theteamdivideditintotwosubsets（子集）—non﹣Hoxb8microgliaandHoxb8microglia，anddesignedaspecialexperiment.18Theychosemicethathadnomicrogliaatallandtransplantedeitheroneortwosubsets.Theresultsrevealedtwooppositeroles.Ontheonehand，non﹣Hoxb8microgliaactslikean"accelerator"（催化剂）foranxiety.19Ontheotherhand，theothersubset，Hoxb8microglia，actsasa"brake"toreduceanxiety.MicethatreceivedonlyHoxb8microgliastayedcalm.Importantly，whenbothsubsetsweretransplantedtogether，the"brake"balancedthe"accelerator，"keepingthemice'sanxietyatanormallevel.20Humansalsohavethetwosubsets.Currently，mostdrugstargetneurons，butfuturetherapiesmayfocusonadjustingtheseimmunecells.A.Thisdiscoverycouldreshapeanxietytreatment.B.Thoughcommon，itsbrainprocessesarestillunclear.C.Itmadethemicehighlyanxiouswhentransplantedalone.D.Specifically，theydidmicrogliatransplantsonspecialmice.E.Neuronswerelongbelievedtobeinchargeofanxietyresponses.F.Theyoncethoughtallmicrogliahadthesamefunctioninanxiety.G.Thisexperimentshowshowthesemicrogliasubsetsworktogethertobalanceanxiety.第三部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（15分）Anunexpectedhobbyofgardeningconnectedmewiththecommunity.Ineverplannedtobeaplantguy.Itall21ahalf﹣deadjadeplantleftbehindinasmallstoremywifeandItookovermanyyearsago.I22homewhatwasleftoftheplant，putitonmydeskand23closelyoveritasifitwereababybird.Thejadeplantgrewbigandhealthyandturnedmeintoourfamily'splantperson.NowI'min24ofallplantsinsideandoutsideourhome.Idon'tmindtheextrawork.Irecommendeveryoneto25hobbies，suchashiking，biking，orgardening.Anythingthatgetsusoutdoorscanmakeushealthier.The26benefitofbeingoutsideisthatithashelpedme27morepeopleinournewneighborhood.Oneneighbor，amuchbettergardenerthanme，offeredadvicethatI28needed.We29hydrangeacuttings（绣球花插条）withthefolksacrossthestreet.I'velearnedalotaboutgardening，moreimportantly，I'velearnedaboutmyneighborhood.Nowit'syourturn.Whathelpsyou30withpeopleinyourcommunity？We've31ourannualsearchforthenicestplacesinourstate，andwewanttohearaboutplaceswherepeopleliftoneanotherupor32togetherwhentimesare33.Tellusyourstory—34yourphone，openthecamera，andpointitattheblack"ScanMe"boxatthebottom，orvisitusatourwebsite.Communities，likegardens，need35andcaretogrow.21.A.startedwithB.stayedwithC.endedwithD.mixedwith22.A.headedB.broughtC.droveD.returned23.A.wentB.watchedC.arguedD.compared24.A.needB.honorC.chargeD.support25.A.quitB.changeC.hideD.develop26.A.intendedB.fakedC.addedD.shared27.A.educateB.cureC.motivateD.meet28.A.badlyB.hardlyC.merelyD.passively29.A.destroyedB.tradedC.cutD.disliked30.A.agreeB.debateC.connectD.equip31.A.launchedB.delayedC.doubtedD.ceased32.A.gatherB.pieceC.playD.pull33.A.toughB.pleasantC.endlessD.precious34.A.dropB.grabC.sellD.beautify35.A.adaptationB.appreciationC.attentionD.moderation第二节（15分）TheQilianMountainsNationalPark，abrightpearlontheSilkRoad，locatedatanaltitudeof4，000﹣5.000meters，sitsontheboundaryofGansuandQinghaiprovinces，36（feature）highmountains，grasslands，forests，glaciers，anddeserts，attractingcountlessvisitorseveryyear.QilianMountainScenicSpot，aboutasix﹣hourdrivefromXining，isthebestplacetoenjoythemountainviewsinQinghaiProvince.HeiheGrandCanyonwithintheareaisoneofthe37（long）canyonsinNorthwestChina.ThemainpeakoftheQilianMountains，GangshikaSnowPeak，islocatedinMenyuanCounty.Thiscounty，aboutathree﹣hourdrivefromXiningCity，isknownfor38（it）vastcole（油菜）flowersfields，andJulyandAugustarethebesttimetoappreciatetheblossoms.Ofcourse，ifyouwanttoenjoytheQilianMountainviewsinGansuProvince，ShandanjunArmyHorseBreedingFarmis39must﹣see.Reachingitrequiresatwo﹣hourdrivefromZhangyeCity，yetitshistoricalsignificanceasoneoftheworld'soldestandlargesthorsebreedingfarms40（draw）visitorsfromacrosstheglobe.Horseridingexperiencesremainreadilyavailablehere，offeringadirectencounter41itslivingheritage.Besides，theDanxiaLandformsandMatiTemplearealwayspopular42（attract）onaZhangyetrip.Theparkisparticularlysuitableformountainhikersandphotographylovers，andthe43（recommend）visitingtimeisfourdaysfortravelerswhowanttoexploretheareathoroughly.Foradeeperexploration，severalSilkRoadtoursarealsorecommendable，includingasix﹣dayphotographytourcoveringZhangyeandDunhuang，44highlightsthebreathtakingsceneryoftheQilianMountains.Thisregion45（true）offersanunforgettablejourneyintoChina'snaturalandhistoricalwonders.第四部分写作第一节46．（15分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter负责学校的"InternationalCultureWeek"活动，想在其中加入中国元素。为此，他写信咨询你的意见。请你写信回复，内容包括：（1）提出方案；（2）陈述理由。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter，________Yours，LiHua第二节47．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asahighschoolfreshman，Lenahadalwaysbeenconfidentinherstudies﹣untilshemetmath.Inherfirstmathclass，Mr.Carterwroteaseriesofexpressionsontheblackboard.Whilemostofherclassmatesnoddedandtooknotes，Lenafeltasifshewerelisteningtoa"foreignlanguage".Thesymbols"x"and"y"dancedbeforehereyes，andshecouldn'tfollowthestepsMr.Carterexplained.Theconfusiononlygrewwhenshesatdowntodoherhomework.Fortwohourssheremainedatherdesk，staringatthetextbookandtheblankpagesofhernotebook.Everyproblemseemedunsolvable.Shereadthesamequestionatleasttentimes，yetshestillcouldn'tworkitout.Upsetandashamed，sheneverfeltsostuckinasubject.Weekspassed，andLena'sanxietyaboutmathgotworse.Shewasafraidtoraiseherhandinclass，worriedthatherquestionswouldsoundstupid.Oneday，Mr.Carterrandomlycalledonhertoansweraquestion.Lenastoodup，herfaceburningwithembarrassmentforshewastotallycluelessabouttheanswer."Evenaprimarystudentknowsthat!"aboynamedJaxsneered（嘲讽）loudly.Lenabitherlipandsankbackintoherseatwithherheadhanginglow.Soonthefirstmathexamtookplace.ItcameasnosurprisethatLenagotabrightred"D"onherpaper.Tearswelledinhereyesassheballedupthepaperandstuffeditintoherbag.Seeingthis，Mr.CarteraskedLenatostayafterclass.Insteadofcriticizingher，hesaidgently，"Inoticeyou'vebeenstruggling，Lena.Mathcanbetoughatfirst.Likelearningtoplayamusicalinstrument，itrequirestherightmethodandconsistentpractice."HetoldLenathathehadtalkedtoZoe，thetopmathstudentintheclass，whoagreedtohelpher.Thenextday，Mr.Carterrearrangedtheseats，andZoebecameLena'snewdeskmate.注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Eachafternoon，thetwogirlssatsidebyside，divingintomathtogether.________Theresultsofthefinalmathexamcameout.________

2025-2026学年广东省大湾区高二（上）期末英语试卷·解析版第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（7.5分）EssentialDevicesforSmartHomesSmarthomesarenolongerafuturisticfantasythey'rethepresentanddevelopingrapidly.Whetheryou'reabeginneroralreadydeepintohomeautomation，herearesomeessentialdevicesthatshouldbepartofeverymodernsmarthomein2026.SmartHubs：theCentralBrainGonearethedaysofseparatesystems.Today'ssmarthubsactascentralizedcontrolcenters，supportingvariouswirelesstechnologieslikeZigbee，Z﹣Wave，Matter，andWi﹣Fi.Asmarthomehuboffershomeownerssmoothcontroloverlighting，heating，securityandmoreallfromasingleapponyourphoneortablet.AISecurityCameras：YourWatchfulEyesSecurityisthenumberonereasonhomeownersinvestinsmarttech.Unlikeconventionalcamerasthatsimplyrecordvideo，modernsecuritycameras，equippedwithAI，havetakenaleapparticularlywithfeatureslikefacialrecognitionaswellasreal﹣timealertsandevenvehicleidentification.Somealsoprovidelocalstorage，4kpicturequalityandAI﹣basedthreatdetection，keepingyourhomesafer.SmartThermostats：forComfortandSavingsASmartThermostatdoesmorethanjustsetthetemperature.Itcanalsolearnyourdailyscheduleandpreferences.Thenitautomaticallyadjuststhetemperaturewhenyouareawayorasleepbasedonweatherforecast.Thissmartadjustmentcancutenergycostsbyupto25%，reducingyourcarbonfootprintwhileincreasingcomfortandsavingmoney.Leak&SmokeDetectors：fordisasterPreventionThesedevicesprovidecrucialprotectionforyourhome.Theyofferrealtimealertstowaterleaksorsmoke，andcanevenautomaticallyshutoffwatersuppliesoralertlocalemergencyservices.Byactingearly，thesesystemscanpreventthousandsofdollarsinpotentialpropertydamage.1.Whatisthemainfunctionofasmarthub？AA.Toserveasacontrolcenter.B.Tosupportwirelesstech.C.Toreplaceseparatesystems.D.Toofferabsolutecontrol.2.Whatishomeowners'primarymotivationforbuyingsmartdevices？CA.Betterquality.B.Morefunctions.C.Improvedsafety.D.Enlargedstorage.3.Whichdeviceiseco﹣friendly？BA.Asmarthub.B.Asmartthermostat.C.Asmokedetector.D.AnAIsecuritycamera.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据SmartHubs：theCentralBrain部分中Today'ssmarthubsactascentralizedcontrolcenters，supportingvariouswirelesstechnologies（如今的智能集线器充当集中控制中心，支持各种无线技术）可知，智能集线器的主要功能是充当控制中心。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据AISecuritycameras：YourWatchfulEyes部分中Securityisthenumberonereasonhomeownersinvestinsmarttech.（安全是房主投资智能科技的首要原因）可知，房主购买智能设备的主要动机是提高安全性。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据SmartThermostats：forComfortandSavings部分中Thissmartadjustmentcancutenergycostsbyupto25%，reducingyourcarbonfootprintwhileincreasingcomfortandsavingmoney.（这种智能调节可以降低高达25%的能源成本，在提高舒适度的同时减少碳足迹并节省资金）可知，智能恒温器是环保的。故选B。（10分）MylifewasgoingfineuntilonedayIwasfoundtohaveIgAnephropathy，arareandseriouskidney（肾）disease，makingmylifefallapartlikeglassintoamillionpieces.Thinkingaboutmyhusbandandmysix﹣year﹣olddaughter，Istruggledtoadaptmyselftothetoughrealityforawhile.ButasdayspassedandIstartedtreatment，Irealizedthiswashowmylifewasgoingtobe.Istoppedcrying，blaming，andvictimizingmyself.ImadeaconsciouschoicetobepositiveandbeganthinkingabouthowIcouldmakemylifesmootherandovercomethischallenge.IlearnedeverythingIcouldfrommydoctorsandreadmoreaboutthedisease.Itwasarelieftodiscoverthatwhilesevere，itisnotalwaysfatal.Thisrealizationtransformedwhatonceseemedlikeadeathsentenceintoawake﹣upcalltomakethemostofeverymoment.Betweenthetwotreatmentpathsoflifelongdialysis（透析）andatransplant（移植），Ichosethelatterandcommittedmyselftoitbystrictlyfollowingmedicaladviceandmaintainingahealthylifestyle.Itwasademandingprocessfilledwithstrictdietsandfrequentcheck﹣ups.Throughthedifficultjourney，however，Ibecamefirmlyawareofthefactthatmyfamilywereastrongsupportsystem，alwaysremindingmethatIwasneveraloneinthisbattle.Myheartwasfilledwithdeepgratitudeforthem，andgraduallyIdevelopedasenseofgratitudeforthelittleblessingsthatoftengounnoticedinmylife—liketheairIbreathe，thecleanwaterIdrink，thefriendsIsharejoysandsorrowswith，thecelebrationsIenjoyandsomuchmore.Wantingtopreservethesefeelings，IfoundedaGratitudeapptorecordthem.Althoughstillapatient，Iamconvincedthatweallcansailthroughtoughtimeswithgracebystayinggratefulinourhearts.4.Whydoestheauthormention"glass"inparagraph？CA.Todetailthecauseofherdisease.B.Toindicateapositivechange.C.Toillustrateasuddenbreakdown.D.Toexplainamedicalcondition.5.Whatmadetheauthorfeelrelieved？CA.Thedoctorsgaveherusefuladvice.B.Herconditionhadstartedtoimprove.C.Thediseasewasfoundnotalwaysdeadly.D.Shefullyunderstoodthetreatmentprocess.6.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthistoughexperience？DA.Thechoiceofstayingpositivetofaceillness.B.Theimportanceofstrictlyfollowingdoctors'advice.C.Thepositiveeffectofahealthylifestyleonrecovery.D.Thegratitudeforfamily'ssupportandotherlittlejoys.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsherbattlewiththedisease？AA.Hopeful.B.Carefree.C.Passive.D.Mixed.【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段MylifewasgoingfineuntilonedayIwasfoundtohaveIgAnephropathy，arareandseriouskidney（肾）disease，makingmylifefallapartlikeglassintoamillionpieces.（我的生活原本一切顺利，直到有一天，我被查出患有IgA肾病——一种罕见且严重的肾脏疾病，这让我的生活像玻璃一样碎成了无数片。）可知，作者在段落中提到"玻璃"比喻生活突然崩溃，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Itwasarelieftodiscoverthatwhilesevere，itisnotalwaysfatal.Thisrealizationtransformedwhatonceseemedlikeadeathsentenceintoawake﹣upcalltomakethemostofeverymoment.（令人欣慰的是，人们发现这种病虽然严重，但并非总是致命的。这一认识将曾经看似死刑判决的结果，转变为一个警醒，提醒人们要充分利用每一刻。）可知，让作者感到释然是该疾病并非总是致命的，故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Myheartwasfilledwithdeepgratitudeforthem，andgraduallyIdevelopedasenseofgratitudeforthelittleblessingsthatoftengounnoticedinmylife—liketheairIbreathe，thecleanwaterIdrink，thefriendsIsharejoysandsorrowswith，thecelebrationsIenjoyandsomuchmore.（我心中充满了对他们的深深感激，渐渐地，我也开始感激生活中那些常常被忽视的美好事物——比如我呼吸的空气、饮用的清水、与我分享喜怒哀乐的朋友们、以及我所享受的各种庆祝活动等等。）可知，对家人支持的感激以及其他小小的喜悦是作者从经历中学到的，故选D。（4）观点态度题。全文讲述了一位女性被诊断出患有罕见且严重的肾脏疾病IgA肾病后，从最初的崩溃到逐渐接受现实，并选择积极面对治疗的过程。她通过严格遵循医疗建议、保持健康生活方式，并在家人支持下坚定选择了移植手术。在此过程中，她学会了感恩生活中的点滴幸福，甚至创建了一个感恩应用程序来记录这些感悟，坚信心怀感激能帮助人们渡过难关，由此判断作者的态度是充满希望的，故选A。（10分）Fromhousepetstomarinelife，animalsarenowdevelopingthesamechronic（慢性的）diseasesashumans，suchasdiabetes，jointdisordersandcancer.Thesediseasesarebecomingincreasinglycommon，yetthescientificcommunitystilllacksbroad，cross﹣fieldresearchthatexplainswhytheyareontheriseinsomanyspecies.Itisessentialtounderstandthesetrendsasthesamefactorsinfluencinganimalhealthoftenaffecthumansaswell.Toimprovemonitoringandmanagementofchronicdiseasesinanimals，arecentstudy，ledbyanimalscientistMataragka，assesseschronicdiseases'occurrenceamongdifferentanimalgroupsandexamineshowspecificriskfactorscontributetodiseasedevelopment.Everyanimalgetsstrengthsaswellasweaknessesfromitsparents.Someanimalshavebeenselectivelybred（育种）forspecificpurposesovergenerations，whichcansometimesleadtoahigherriskofcertaingeneticdisorders.Forinstance，dogsandcatsthathavebeenselectivelybredforappearanceandlivestockbredforproductivityshowhigherratesofchronicdiseases.Inaddition，environmentalchanges，suchasglobalwarmingandhabitatdecline，increasethefrequencyandseverityofharmfulexposures.Warmingoceansarerelatedwithhighercancerratesinmarinelife.Incities，risingtemperaturesandpoorairqualitycontributetochronicdiseasesincompanionanimals."Theabsenceofearlydiagnostic（诊断的）systemsdelaysthedetectionofdiseasesinanimals，"saysMataragka."Whilemedicalorganizationsprovideextensivedataonchronicdiseasesrateinhumans，similardetailedstatisticsforanimalsarescarce.Thisindicatestheneedformorecomprehensiveresearchandenhancedmonitoringinanimalhealthtobetterunderstandandaddresstheseissues."Thestudyproposesstrategiestoreducechronicdiseasesatfouraspects：individual，group，ecosystem，andpolicy.Mataragkahopesthisintegratedapproachwillsupportmorejointmonitoringofanimals，people，andecosystemsandhelpid