2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语主题版-选择性必修第3册 UNIT4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

一背记单词◎个人品质与情感1．adversityn.困境；逆境2．endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力3．vigourn.精力；力量；活力4．qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识5．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的6．envyn．&vt.羡慕；妒忌7．miserableadj.痛苦的，令人难受的8．selfishadj.自私的9．good/bad­temperedadj.脾气好的/坏的10．genuineadj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的11．perseverancen.毅力；不屈不挠的精神12．resolvevi.&vt.决定；解决(问题或困难)n.决心13．loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的14．commitmentn.承诺；保证；奉献15．motiven.动机；原因；目的◎探险旅行16．bitteradj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的17．expeditionn.探险；远征；探险队18．aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)19．stewardn.(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员20．sinkvi.沉没；下降vt.使下沉21．voyagen．&vi.航海；航行22．navyn.海军；海军部队23．crewn.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人24．guidancen.指导；引导；导航25．roughadj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的26．navigatorn.领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者27．motorn.发动机adj.有引擎的；机动车的28．episoden.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲◎家居生活29．cupboardn.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜30．stoven.炉具；厨房灶具31．blanketn.毯子32．belongingsn.财物；动产33．banjon.班卓琴(乐器)34．cosyadj.温馨的；舒适的35．furnituren.家具36．recreationn.娱乐；消遣；游戏◎其他37．wagen.工资38．assignvt.分派；布置；分配39．crushvt.毁坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群40．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃41．decentadj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的42．crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的43．thoroughadj.深入的；彻底的；细致的44．barkvi.&n.(狗)吠叫；吠叫声45．rugbyn.橄榄球运动46．batn.球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球拍击球；挥打；拍打47．dampadj.潮湿的；湿气重的48．nephewn.侄子；外甥49．corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的50．candidaten.候选人；应试者51．Confucianismn.孔子学说；儒家(学说)二词形变化1．endurev.忍耐→endurancen.忍耐力→endurableadj.能忍耐的2．qualifyv.具有资格→qualifiedadj.符合资格→qualificationn.资格3．enthusiasticadj.热情的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地→enthusiasmn.热情4．assignvt.分派→assignmentn.分配；任务5．belongvi.属于→belongingsn.财物6．selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn.自私7．perseverevi.坚持→perseverancen.毅力8．resolvevi.&vt.决定→resolutionn.决议9．crueladj.残酷的→cruellyadv.残忍地→crueltyn.残忍10．fortunen.运气→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地11．guiden.导游→guidancen.指导12．advertisevt.&vi.做广告→advertisingn.广告活动→advertisementn.广告13．loyaladj.忠诚的→loyaltyn.忠诚14．commitvt.犯(罪或错等)；使致力于→commitmentn.承诺；奉献→committedadj.尽心尽力的1．Hehaseducationalqualificationsandhenceheiswellqualifiedforthejobasatutor.(qualify)2．Heassignedmetothedifficultassignment,__soIcouldn'twasteanytime.(assign)3．TodayIamasenthusiasticaboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmyenthusiasmenablesmetotreatmyjobenthusiastically.(enthusiastic)4．Hecommittedhimselftoworkingdayandnight.Hiscommitmentwonhimagreatreputation.(commit)5．Undertheguidanceofthequalifiedguide,__wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.(guide)6．Heperseveredwithhisviolinlessons.Itwashisperseverancethatenabledhimtobecomeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)三熟词生义1.sink[熟义]vi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没[生义]v.坐下；消沉n.水槽2．abandon[熟义]vt.舍弃，抛弃，放弃[生义]vt.沉湎于3．thorough[熟义]adj.深入的；彻底的；完全的[生义]adj.(人)仔细的；缜密的；细致的4．rough[熟义]adj.粗糙的；粗略的[生义]adj.汹涌的，风浪很大的；崎岖的；艰难的5．episode[熟义]n.(小说的)片段；(电视剧)一集[生义]n.(人生的)一段经历6．commitment[熟义]n.投入；奉献[生义]n.承诺；保证1．Theyabandonthemselvestoplayingcomputergames.他们沉湎于玩电脑游戏。2．Theknifeforcuttingsausagewassittinginthesink.用于切香肠的刀在水槽里。3．Hepdusbackbyhiscommitmenttosaveusfromaslowbutpnfuldeath.他用他的承诺回报了我们，把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。4．He'shadareallyroughtimerecently.他最近真是困难重重。5．ThiswasanepisodeinmylifethatIwouldneverforget.这是我人生中永远不会忘却的一段经历。6．Asascientist,sheisnotbrilliant,butsheisthorough.作为一名科学家，她并非才华横溢，但一丝不苟。小积累—wordfamilies1.－ance结尾的名词①endurance忍耐力；耐久力②perseverance毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神③allowance津贴，补助；限额④abundance大量，丰富；繁荣，富裕⑤acquntance泛泛之交；认识；了解⑥appearance出现，到来；外观2.常见不可数名词①furniture家具②advice建议③knowledge知识④progress进步⑤equipment设备⑥information信息3.“打电话”相关短语①ringsbup给某人打电话②callsbup给某人打电话③givesbaphone/call/ring给某人打电话④call/ring__back回电话⑤hold__on别挂断⑥ringoff/hangup挂断电话一词表短语/课文短语1．turn__sb__down拒绝(某人)2．make__fire生火3．give__off放出(热、光、气味或气体)4．be__enthusiastic__about对……充满热情5．set__off出发，启程6．(be)__free__to__do__sth自由做某事选用上面的短语填空1．Theflowersinthegardengave__offasweetfragrancethatattractedbutterfliesandbeesfromallaround,creatingalivelyandcolorfulscene.2．Eventhoughshehadanimpressiveresume,thecompanydecidedtoturnherdownforthepositionbecausetheywerelookingforsomeonewithmoreexperienceinthefield.3．Thesurvivalexpertshowedthegrouphowtomake__fireusingonlyabow,astick,andsomedryleaves,impressingeveryonewithhisprimitiveskills.4．Manypeopleare__enthusiastic__aboutonlineshoppingbecauseofitsconvenience.二写作词块1．(be)__full__of__vigo(u)r充满活力；生机勃勃2．keep__one's__spirits__up使某人精神振作3．go__from__bad__to__worse每况愈下4．under__the__guidance__of__sb在某人的指导下5．hold__on等一等；坚持住；继续6．flee__in__all__directions四处逃窜7．in__the__face__of__difficulties__and__danger面对困境与危险8．try__a__dozen__times尝试十几次9．sl__away远航10．inspire__sb__to__be__brave__and__determined激励某人勇敢且坚定11．deal__with__all__kinds__of__problems处理各种各样的问题12．an__episode__in__one's__life某人一生中的一段经历1．(教材P38)等我回来，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！(how引导的感叹句)How__everyone__will__envy__me__when__I__come__back__and__tell__them__about__the__amazing__places__I__have__been__to!2．(教材P40)只要你坚持下去，最终就会成功。(aslongas引导条件状语从句)It__will__eventually__lead__to__success__as__long__as__you__persevere.3．(教材P44)要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。(if引导虚拟条件句)If__it__weren't__for__sea__animals,__we__would__all__starve.4．(教材P45)最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自禁，我们许多人都难掩泪水。(such...that...“如此……以至于……”)When__we__were__finally__rescued,__we__felt__such__relief__and__joy__that__many__of__us__could__not__hide__our__tears.自主检测Ⅰ.主题理解·回眸课文ItsohappenedthatonemorningIreadabouttheAntarcticexpeditioninanadvertisement,__1__wastheadventurethatIhadbeendreamingof,soIapplied.ButSirErnestShackletonturnedme__2__becausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasnot__3__(qualify).Isecretlywentaboardbut__4__(unfortunate)Iwaslaterdiscovered.Shackletonassignedmetobe__5__stewardandIservedmealsfor28men.ThejourneytoAntarcticwasnoteasy.Endurance__6__(stick)intheiceandwehadtoabandonourship.Beforethatwewereaskedtorescueourmostessentialsupplies.Thiswasnotime__7__(panic).Wewerecampedontheiceandstrugglingforalongtime.WhenwewereonElephantIsland,Shackletonleftustofindhelpasthevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomake__8__inoursmallboats.Theislandhadnoplantsandwe__9__(try)tocatchasealorapenguintoeat.IthoughtwithoutErnest,we'dallhavebeendead.Althoughlifewashard,Ernest'sgenuineconcernand__10__(persevere)filledmewithhope.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案：1.which2.down3.qualified4.unfortunately5．a6.wasstuck7.topanic8.it9.tried10.perseveranceWewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsledawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy__1__(imagine)thedangeraheadofthem.Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.__2__itwasnotforlong.Lifefellintoaregularpattern.__3__(stay)alivetookallourtimeandenergy.Weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Foodwasalso__4__problem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Ifithadn'tbeenforseaanimals,we__5__(starve).Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthe__6__(change)temperaturescouldmakeusill.Manyofusalsobecameill__7__theblacksmokeoftheanimalfatweburntforourfires.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticand__8__(help)usdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.Whenwewere__9__(final)rescued,wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.__10__(we)optimismandfthinShackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案：1.toimagine2.But3.Staying4.a5．wouldhavestarved6.changing7.from8．helped9.finally10.OurⅡ.重点语块Eventhoughshewas__enthusiastic__about(对……充满热情)theiradventureplan,Johnhadtoturn__her__down(拒绝她)becausehewasn'tpreparedtoset__off(出发)justyet.Undeterred,shedecidedtomake__fire(生火)byherselfinthebackyardtokeep__her__spirits__up(使她精神振作).Asthefirecrackledandgave__off(释放出)warmthandlight,shefeltasenseofaccomplishment.Knowinghe'deventuallyjoinher,sheheld__on(坚持)toherdream,free__to__do(自由做)whateverittooktomakeitareality.Ⅲ.重点句式1．只要我们人类并肩行动，就能共同创造一个更加美好的未来。(aslongas引导条件状语从句)As__long__as__we__human__beings__take__action__shoulder__to__shoulder,__wecancreateabetterfuturetogether.2．如果不是因为罗先生的耐心和鼓励，史蒂夫最终不会实现他的梦想。(if引导虚拟条件句)If__it__had__not__been__for__Mr__Rowe's__patience__and__encouragement,__Stevewouldn'thaveachievedhisdreamatlast.Ⅳ.主题写作佳句1．【教材P38】船沉了，我们的心也跟着下沉。And__when__the__ship__sank,__our__hearts__sank__with__it.2．【教材P39】我们已苦苦挣扎多日，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。We__have__been__struggling__for__days,__but__things__on__Elephant__Island__are__going__from__bad__to__worse.3．【教材P39】然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。However,__these__happy__memories__are__soon__interrupted__by__a__sudden__cold__rush__of__r.4．【教材P45】最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自禁，我们许多人都难掩泪水。When__we__were__finally__rescued,__we__felt__such__relief__and__joy__that__many__of__us__could__not__hide__our__tears.硬核考点考点1qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)bequalifiedforsth/todosth有……的资格/有资格做某事qualifysbtodosth/forsth使某人有资格做某事qualifyas...取得做……的资格havethequalificationfor/todo...有……/做……的资格qualificationin...在……方面的资格1.(2023·全国乙卷)Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.2．WithmyEnglishcompetenceandworkexperience,IamsureIhavethequalification(qualify)fortheposition.(写作佳句)3．Shegnedaqualificationinmarketing.4．我写这封信是为了申请我们学校杂志编辑的职位，我认为自己完全能够胜任这一职位。(写作佳句)I'm__writing__to__apply__for__the__job__as__an__editor__of__our__school__magazine__which__I__think__I'm__quite__qualified__for.考点2enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的beenthusiasticabout...对……极感兴趣；对……充满热情beenthusiastictodosth对做某事充满热情havetheenthusiasmtodosth有做某事的热情with(burning)enthusiasm＝enthusiastically热情地1.Inspiredbytheenthusiasm(enthusiastic)andencouragement,Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.2．只要我们有追随梦想的热情，我们最终一定会成功。(写作佳句)As__long__as__we__have__the__enthusiasm__to__follow__our__dream,__wearesuretosucceedeventually.3.我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。Iamnot__only__enthusiastic__but__also__easy__to__get__along/on__with,__whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.4．上周六上午8点30分比赛开始前，所有参与者都热情高涨地聚集在一起。(写作佳句)Enthusiastically/With__burning__enthusiasm,__all__the__participants__gathered__before__the__competition__started__at__8：30__am__last__Saturday.考点3assignvt.分派；布置；分配assignsb(todo)sth指派某人(做)某事assign...tosb把……分派给某人onassignment执行任务；工作assignmentbook作业本1.Theteacherassignedadifferenttasktoeachofthechildren.2．Youwillneedtocompletethreewrittenassignments(assign)persemester.3．在我们学校一年一度的文化节上，老师决定给每个小组分配一个不同的国家来研究和展示，以确保所有学生都有一个多样化的教育体验。(写作佳句)Forourschool'sannualculturalfestival,theteacherdecidedtoassign__each__group__a__different__country__to__research__and__present,__ensuringadiverseandeducationalexperienceforallstudents.考点4sink(sank/sunk,sunk,sinking)vi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没n.洗涤槽，水槽one'sheart/spiritssink(s)某人心情沉重；某人情绪低落besunkin陷入……；沉浸在……sinkdown沉没asinkingfeeling/ship不祥之感/沉船1.Whentheoldmanheardthehorriblenews,hisheartsank/sunk(sink),neversayingaword.(写作佳句)2.Foralongtime,hejuststaredattheblankbeforehim,merrily,sunk(sink)insweetmemoriesinthepast.3．刺耳的话使她陷入绝望的深渊，她的心一沉，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。(写作佳句)The__harsh__words__sent__her__into__the__depths__of__despr__and__her__heart__sank/sunk,__tears__streaming__down__her__cheeks.【北师版选择性必修第三册写作佳句】Mymouthfilledwithwater;Istruggledagnstbeingdrawndeeper,deeperdown.SuddenlyIfeltmyselfquicklydrawnuptothesurfaceofthesea.海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不让自己越陷越深。突然，我感觉自己被快速地拉出水面。考点5abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；陷入；沉湎于(某种情感)n.放任，放纵abandononeselfto(doing)sth＝sbbeabandonedto(doing)sth某人陷入/沉湎于(做)某事abandon(doing)sth放弃(做)某事abandonsth(tosb)(不顾责任、义务等)遗弃某物(给某人)abandonship/smoking弃船/戒烟withabandon放纵地；放任地beabandonedto沉溺于1.Theystoppedbesideabatteryofabandoned(abandon)guns.2．Wesang,danced,andlaughedwithabandon,forgettingthetroublesinourlives.(写作佳句)3．Theyhadtoabandontheirlandsandpropertytotheinvadingforces.4．Iabandonedmyselftocomputergames.Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend­of­termexamination.→Abandoning__myself__to__computer__games,__Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend­of­termexamination.(现在分词短语作状语)→Abandoned__to__computer__games,__Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend­of­termexamination.(过去分词短语作状语)考点6guidancen.指导；引导；导航looktosbforguidance求某人指点迷津undertheguidanceofsb在某人的指导下vocational/careerguidance就业指导atravelguide旅游指南atourguide导游1.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidance(guide),Icouldn'thavewrittenthisarticle.2．即使在今天，他的思想仍然指导着中国乃至世界各地的个人和社区。(写作佳句)Eventoday,hisideascontinueto__guide__individuals__and__communities__in__China__and__beyond．3．他在教练的指导下每周进行四天以上的锻炼。Hedidexerciseunder__the__guidance__of__a__trner__for__more__than__four__days__a__week.考点7makefire生火make其他相关短语/搭配：makeit成功；及时抵达；走完；好转makeone'sway(to/toward...)(向……)前进/行进makesense有道理，讲得通makesenseof明白，理解tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是makealiving谋生；维持生活makeup弥补；组成，构成；编造makeout辨认出；理解makea/thedifference有影响；有价值；有意义makefor走向；导致makesure确保1.(2024·浙江高考1月)However,ifyou'reshoppingforone,buyingextratobenefitfrompricereductionsdoesn'tmake__sense.2．Withover2，500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemake__surethereisalwaysabikeavlableforyou.3．(2023·全国甲卷)我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的突突的声音。Thefirsttimewestayedthere,weheardthechug­chug­chugofamotorbikemaking__its__way__down__the__hill__toward__us.4．更糟糕的是，当我回到座位上时，我踩空了，重重地摔在楼梯上。(写作佳句)To__make__matters__worse,__whenreturningtomyseat,Imissedmystepsandfellheavilyonthestrs.考点8if引导虚拟条件句1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用如下：虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto＋动词原形(3)should＋动词原形would/could/should/might＋动词原形2.if在虚拟条件句中的省略在if引导的虚拟条件句中若出现should,had,were，可省去if，并将主语与这些词倒装。Ifthedoctorhadcomeyesterday,theboywouldbefinenow.＝Hadthedoctorcomeyesterday,theboywouldbefinenow.1.Iffoodwastewere(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.2．Ifthenewsafetysystemhad__been__put(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.3．Ifitwere__to__rn/should__rn/rned(rn)tomorrow,Iwouldn'tgotothegrocerystore.4．要不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。(写作佳句)If__it__hadn't__been__for__your__help,__Iwouldn'thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.＝Had__it__not__been__for__your__help,__Iwouldn'thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.(if虚拟条件句的省略)【外研版选择性必修第三册写作佳句】Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.同样，我们也需要奋斗才能茁壮成长和生存。如果我们真的想展翅飞翔，就必须经历一些困难。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Itisthroughcommitment(commit)andsweatthatIcanmakeadifferencewithinmyselfinsideandout.2．Theenterpriseshavethoroughly(thorough)implementedwhattheyhavepromisedtothepublic.3．Myheartsank/sunk(sink)whenIwasinformedthatmymoderatereformsendedupinflure.4．Wehaveresolvedto__reduce(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.5．Asaconsequence,ifyouareenthusiasticaboutEnglishandhaveasharpmind,don'thesitatetojointhedebateteam.6．Iamenvious(envy)ofyou,becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.7．Asisknowntoall,hehasremnedloyaltohispoliticalprinciplesandhewillneverbetrayhismotherland.8．Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.9．Dozensofqualified(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampgnandpractisedfrequentlyundertheguidance(guide)ofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.10．Toourconcern,somestudentsareabandoned(abandon)toplayingcomputergames.二、熟词生义1．Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.承诺2．Martinwouldbeagoodjudge;hewascalmandthorough.细心的3．Inadditiontoitsroughpeaks,greenvalleysanddramaticcliffs,itisalsodottedwithrockandcaveartthousandsofyearsago.崎岖的4．Tomysadness,mysonwasabandonedtosmokinganddrinking.沉湎于5．Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.水槽三、构词法词缀含义例词­able……的；可……的，能够……的miserable,__dependable,movable,preventable,reasonable,capable,affordable写出下列黑体词的含义1．Sheiscapableofcompletingthisprojectonherown.有能力的2．Hisexplanationforbeinglatewasreasonableandacceptedbyeveryone.合理的3．Thenewsmartphoneisaffordableformanypeoplethankstoitscompetitiveprice.负担得起的4．Itookaseriesofbadlypdsecretarialjobswhichmademereallymiserable.痛苦的5．Hewasagoodfriend,adependablecompanion.可以信赖的6．Fortythousandchildrenadaydiefrompreventablediseases.可预防的四、补全句子1．这些年来，我在美国参加了几个交流项目，所以我相信我有资格担任这个职位。(qualify)Theseyears,IhavebeenonseveralexchangeprogramsinAmerica,soIbelieveI__am__qualified__for__the__position．2．实话说，我真羡慕你获得了“优秀毕业生”的称号，我应该向你学习。(envy)Honestlyspeaking,I__do__envy__you__getting__the__title__of__the__Excellent__Graduate__and__I__should__follow__your__example．3．她心情沉重，突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。(sink)Her__heart__sank/sunkandshefeltseizedbyaburstofsadness,unabletoholdbackhertears.4．我认为我们不一定会成功，但不管怎样还是试一试吧。(makeit)I__don't__think__we'll__make__it,__butlet'stryanyway.5．为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，并换位思考。(resolve)To__resolve__conflicts,__we__should__learn__to__communicate__more__and__put__ourselves__in__others'__shoes.6．如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。(if引导的虚拟条件句)If__I__were__a__dustman,__I__would__make__our__city__cleanerwithnorubbishlyingonthestreet.五、长难句分析(2024·全国甲卷)Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialdprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.句意：政府在努力找出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生到克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。分析：不定式短语toaddresstheproblem作名词measures的后置定语；particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver为地点状语；arranging...和expanding...为并列的动名词短语，作介词including的宾语。读写用—素养提升一、深化阅读——明晰考向以阅读养阅读(2025·八省联考)WanttolearnanewlanguageorgetA'sincollegeexams?Previousstudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpstimulatetheareasofthebrnthatconvert(转换)newinformationintolong－termmemory.Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.Buildinguponpastresearchthatfoundexercisereleasesbiochemicalsthatimprovementalfunction,scientistsatRadboudUniversityandtheUniversityofEdinburghconductedastudytodeterminewhenexercisewasmostbeneficialtolearning.Participants—72healthymaleandfemaleadults—werefirstaskedtoperformacomputertestthatchallengedtheirvisualandspatiallearning.Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries,buttwo－thirdsofthemalsoexercised.Halfoftheexercisersdidcircuittrningonanexercisebikefor35minutesimmediatelyafterthetest.Theotherhalfdidthesameexercisebutnotuntilfourhoursaftertheyhadbeentested.Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest,andtheywereconnectedtoMRI(磁共振成像)machinestoassesstheirbrnactivity.Theparticipantswhoexercisedfourhoursaftertakingthecomputertestwereabletorecallwhattheyhadlearnedmostaccurately.Theirbrnwavesalsoshowedmoreconsistentlevelsofactivity,indicatingthattheirbrnswerelesstaxedtorememberwhattheyhadlearned.Accordingtothisresearch,thebesttimetoexercisetoimprovelearningisfourhoursafterstudying.Butwhy?That'sonequestiontheresearchershaveyettoanswer.Anotherquestionleftunansweredisthelevelofexercisethatmightbestimprovelearning.I'verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrnisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.Buttheresearchersnotedthatlightworkoutsmightnotgivethebrnenoughofabiochemicalboosttoimprovelearning.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现，在学习四小时后进行锻炼有助于最大化学习效果，但研究尚未解答锻炼为何能在此时产生最佳效果以及哪种强度的锻炼最能改善学习效果。32．Whatdidthenewstudymtoexplore?A．Whenexerciseisbestforlearning.B．Whatbiochemicalsaregoodforhealth.C．Howbrnwavesshouldbemeasured.D．Whichareaofthebrnisthemostactive.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudyhastaken...whenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.(一项新的研究在此基础上更进一步，发现了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间。)”和第二段内容可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A。33．Whatwerealltheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheexperiment?A．Trnonbicycles.B．Domathematicsexercises.C．Playcomputergames.D．Watchfilmsaboutnature.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片，即看一部有关自然的电影。故选D。34．Whydidtheparticipantsreturntothelabtwodayslater?A．Todoamedicalexamination.B．Tohavetheirmemorytested.C．Togettheirworkoutsrecorded.D．Tofinishtheirprevioustasks.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了测试他们的记忆。故选B。35．Whatmighttheauthor'smarathonrunningprove?A．Thefindingsofthestudyarereliable.B．Long－distancerunnersareoftensmart.C．Studiesonthemarathonarenotenough.D．Hardexercisemaynotsharpenthebrn.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I'verunenoughmarathons...afteratoughworkout.”可推知，作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明，剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D。推断细节题——“揣摩推敲”法1．根据题干中的关键信息，确定答题方向。2．扫描4个选项，排除对原文信息简单重复的选项。3．留意文中的情态动词或虚拟语气，往往据此可推测出作者的言外之意。4．对文章信息进行合乎逻辑的推测，不要主观臆断。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材情绪描写——惊讶感到惊讶besurprised/amazed/shocked/astonished/stunned(tothespot)令人惊讶的是toone'ssurprise/shock/astonishment;Itcameasashockthat...被惊得哑口无言bestruckdumbwithamazement使某人大吃一惊knocksbsideways难以置信can'tbelieveone'seyes表情惊讶wear/withajaw­dropping/surprisedlook瞠目one'seyeswidened/sbwidenedone'seyes/withone'seyeswideopen/wide­eyed捂嘴/张嘴coverone'smouth/widenone'smouth/open­mouthed结舌be/gettongue­tied(withgreatsurprise)惊掉下巴one'sjawdroppedtothefloor眼里惊讶(with)one'seyessparkling/shining/twinkling/flickeringwithsurprise惊讶地站在某地不讲话soshockedthatsbremnedstandingsp,unabletospeak惊讶地倒吸一口气gaspinastonishment(atsth)颤抖、惊讶地说say/speakinatrembling,surprisedvoice/tone惊讶地看give/cast/throwsba/anastonishing/surprising/shocking/jaw­droppinglook/gaze/glimpse/glance晴天霹雳likeaboltfromthebluesky目瞪口呆，说不出话soastonishedthatsbstoodspwithone'smouthwidened,unabletoutterasingleword惊讶爬上脸aspark/flickerofsurpriseflashedacross/spreadover/creptuponone'sface高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市德强高级中学高三月考)DearJack，Irememberthemoment—ittrulyhitmethatyourautism(自闭症)lastedforever.Ihadalreadymentallyplannedourtripsupnorthwiththeboys.Iwasgoingtospendendlesshoursplayingbaseballwithyou—likeGrandpadidwithme.WhenwesdgoodbyetokindergartenIknewitwasreal.Ispentsometimebeingsad.Nowyouare8.Youstillhavenowords.Wehaveneverhadoneofthosefather­sonmomentsIpicturedwhenyouwereababy.ButI'mlearningthat'sOK.Istillhaveunbelievablethingstoofferasyourdad,eveniftheyweren'tthethingsIoriginallyexpected.Youhavetaughtmetobepatient.Youhavetaughtmethatit'sOKtobedifferentandtobesadwhenlifedoesn'tgoasplanned.YouhavetaughtmethatitisOKtotalkaboutthosefeelingsandfightforwhatisright.Standupandsaythisiswrong,andencourageotherstostandupforyouandsaythesame.Myjobonthisearthistocreateaworldforyouandotherkidslikeyou.Bethevoiceyoudon'thave,andbuildthekindofcommunitywhichIwanttoseeyougrowupin.Iusedtoshyawayfromcontactingpeoplewithdisabilitiesorjustnotconsiderthem.Beforeyouwereborn,IwassocaughtupinmyownworldthatIprobablywouldn'thaveevennoticed.Now,Iseethingsdifferently.Inotice.Youdidthatforme.Andhopemyexamplewilldothatforothers.YourmomandIhavespent8yearstryingtofindyourvoice.Andhonestly,wedon'tknowifweeverwill.IpromiseyouIwillspendmylifekeepingyousafeandmakingthisworldbetterforyou.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信。1．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthor?A．HeisatalosswhattodotohelpJack.B．HeistoblameforJack'spresentcondition.C．Hehaschangedhisattitudetothedisabled.D．Hehasn'tacceptedtherealityuptonow.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Iusedtoshyaway...seethingsdifferently.Inotice.”可知，作者在儿子出生之前常回避与残疾人接触，现在，他注意到了残疾人，即作者改变了对残疾人的看法。故选C。2．Howdoestheauthorsoundinthetext?A．Ashamed. B．Caring.C．Regretful. D．Indifferent.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“IpromiseyouIwillspendmylifekeepingyousafeandmakingthisworldbetterforyou.”可知，作者承诺会保护儿子的安全，让这个世界为儿子变得更美好，由此可推知，作者是以一种关爱的口吻写这封信的。故选B。3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Science. B．Entertnment.C．Sports. D．Relationship.答案：D解析：推理判断题。本文是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信。文章与家庭成员间的情感有关，由此可推知，文章可能会出现在杂志的Relationship(关系)专栏。故选D。B(2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第十一中学高三期中)Itwasthemen'sskatingfinalsoftheWinterOlympicswhenIwas16.SomedayI'dbeintheOlympics.Infact,itwasmydream.ThatnightIlayonourlivingroomfloorexcitedlywatchingthebattlebetweentheBrians:AmericanBrianBoitanofacingBrianOrserinCanada.Bothofthemhadbeenworldchampions.Bothofthemdeservedtowin.NaturallyIwasforBrianBoitano,anorthernCalifornianlikeme.Wehadskatedonthesameice.Iheldmybreathinamazement.Boitanoperformedsuccessfully.Thegoldmedal!Ijumpedintherwhenhisscorewentup.ButwhathappenednextiswhatI'llneverforget.BrianBoitanosatinfrontofthecamerawithhiscoach,surroundedbyagroupofjournalists.Hewastalkingabouthiscareerandhismedal,talkingtothewholeworld.Aterriblesinkingfeelingwentthroughme.IcouldneverbeintheOlympics,Ithought.Icouldnottalkinpubliclikethat.Justtheideaofapressconferenceterrifiedme.IlovedskatingpartlybecauseIdidn'thavetotalk.Icouldexpressmyselfwithmyjumpsanddancesbetter.Ididn'thavetostandupandgiveaspeechlikesometeachersexpected.IcouldfeelthebloodrushtomyfaceifIthoughtateacherwasgoingtocallme.Istaredatmyshoes.Iwass