新医学大学英语视听说教程2（智慧版） 课件 Unit 1 Biomaterial shaping tomorrow

Unit1BiomaterialshapingtomorrowLearningobjectivesUseclarificationstrategieswhilespeaking.Recognizeproblem-solutionpatternswhilelistening.Makeapresentationon4Dprinting.01020304Understandthetypesandrolesofbiomaterials.Openingup1.Matchthefollowingpicturesrelatedtomedicalitemswiththeircorrespondingmaterials.Bandages()Dentalfillings()Contactlenses()Artificiallimbs()A.HardplasticormetalB.PolymermaterialC.MetalorceramicD.ClothDCBAOpeningup2.Workinpairsanddiscusshowthesematerialshelpourbodies.Viewingandspeaking

Pre-viewing

Thinkaboutatimewhensomeoneyouknowbrokeabone,suchasanarmoraleg.Whatcanbeusedtohelpitheal–aplastercast,ametalpin,orsomethingelse?Viewingandspeaking

Viewing

1.osteoporosis

/ˌɒstɪəʊpəˈrəʊsɪs/

n.

骨质疏松症2.fracture

/ˈfræktʃə(r)/

n.

骨折3.cranial

/ˈkreɪniəl/

a.

头骨的4.tendon

/ˈtendən/

n.

肌腱5.stent/stent/

n.

支架6.clogged

/klɒɡd/

a.

堵塞的7.implant/ˈɪmplɑːnt/

n.

植入物Viewingandspeaking

Viewing8.resin/ˈrezɪn/n.

树脂9.degradation/ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/n.

降解10.elasticity/ˌiːlæˈstɪsəti/n.

弹性11.filament/ˈfɪləmənt/n.

丝状物12.individualized/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlaɪzd/a.

个性化的；切合个人需要的Viewingandspeaking

Viewing1.HowdoEvonik’sbiomaterialshelppatientswithbonefractures?Watchthevideoandfinishtheoutline.ThestoryofEvonik’sbiomaterials1.TheproblemFracturescausedbyosteoporosiscanbepainfulforpatientsandexpertsareworkingtofindnew

1)

__________formillionsofpatientswithbonediseases.solutionsViewingandspeaking

Viewing2.TheadvantagesThenewmaterialsdevelopedbyEvonikarelightweight,helptoincreasebone

2)__________,andcanbecompletely3)

__________bythebody,sonosecondsurgeryisneeded.ThestoryofEvonik’sbiomaterialsformationabsorbedViewingandspeaking

Viewing3.DifferentusesTheyareusedforthe4)__________ofinjuriesinvariouspartsofthebody.treatment4.TheFuture

Evonikisalsousing5)

__________printingtomakeimplantsthatareperfectforeachpatient.3DThestoryofEvonik’sbiomaterialsViewingandspeaking

Viewing2.Watchthevideoagainanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F).()1.Anosteoporoticfractureoccurseverythirteen seconds.()2.Thepolymerscanbeusedindevicesthat reconstructshouldertendons.Viewingandspeaking

FTViewingandspeaking

Viewing()3.Theapplicationofthesepolymersextendsbeyond bonerepairtoincludecardiovascularmedical devices.()4.VESTAKEEPisthematerialchosenwhenan implantneedstoberemovedafterhealing.()5.Patient-specificimplantscreatedby3Dprinters arealreadyacommonsolutionthatsurgeonsuse today.Viewingandspeaking

FFTViewingandspeaking

ViewingScriptsDidyouknowthatworldwideosteoporosiscausesmorethanninemillionfracturesannually?Asaresult,thereisanosteoporoticfractureeverythreeseconds.Imaginehowthesemillionsofpatientsmustfeel.AtEvonik’sMedicalDeviceCompetenceCenterinBirmingham,Alabama,expertsareworkingtogetherwithEvonikcolleaguesaroundtheworldonsolutionstohelpthosepatients.TheyareViewingandspeaking

Viewingandspeaking

ViewingScriptsdevelopingpolymermaterialsthatarelightweight,increaseboneformationandcanalsobecompletelyabsorbedbythebody,reducingtheneedforremovalsurgery.Thesepolymersarealreadyusedinavarietyofapplications.Forexample,forthetreatmentoffracturesofthehands,feet,cranialandfacial,forthereconstructionoftendonsintheshoulderorknee,orforstentswhichkeepcloggedarteriesopenafteraheartattack.

Viewingandspeaking

Viewingandspeaking

ViewingScriptsTheadvantageofimplantsmadeofresinorpolymeristhattheycanbecompletelyabsorbedbythebodywithprecisecontrolofdegradation.Ideally,theimplantdegradesovertimeashealingprogressesandtheload-bearingcapacityoftheboneincreases.Thiseliminatestheneedofanunpleasantsecondarysurgerywhichwouldbeinevitableusingmetalapplications.ButiftheimplantneedstostayinViewingandspeaking

Viewingandspeaking

ViewingScriptsthebodypermanently,anotherEvonikpolymerVESTAKEEPcanbeused.VESTAKEEPisbiocompatibleandcomparabletohumanboneinitselasticity.Butwe’renotstoppinghere:Evonik’sexpertsarealsodevelopingdifferentmaterialssuchaspowdersandfilamentsforvarious3Dprintingtechnologiesinordertocreatepatient-specificimplantsthatcomerightoutofa3Dprinter.Viewingandspeaking

Viewingandspeaking

ViewingScriptsCurrently,surgeonshavetoselectthemostappropriateimplantfromanumberofstandardsizes.Byusinga3DprinterandEvonikpolymerinstead,anindividualizedimplantcouldbeavailablewithinamatterofhours,perfectlymadespecifictothepatient’sneeds.AtEvonikwe’reconstantlyworkingonsolutionstoimprovepatients’lives.Viewingandspeaking

Viewingandspeaking

Viewing3.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingsituation.Thevideohighlightstheadvantagesofabsorbablepolymersovertraditionalmetalimplants.However,everynewtechnologymayhaveitsownlimitationsorchallenges.Basedonyourunderstanding,whatcouldbesomepotential

disadvantagesorchallenges

ofusingtheseabsorbablepolymerimplants?

(e.g.fromtheperspectiveofcost,technology,orsurgeontraining,etc.)Viewingandspeaking

Listeningandspeaking

News1.replacement

/rɪˈpleɪsmənt/n.置换；替换2.hydrogel

/ˈhaɪdrəˌdʒel/n.水凝胶ListeningandspeakingNews1.Listentoapieceofnewsandmatcheachbiomaterialwithitscorrespondingmedicalapplication.Biomaterial1.Strongmetal()2.Specialplastic()3.Ceramicmaterial()4.Naturalmaterialfromananimal()5.Hydrogelbandage()MedicalApplicationA.isusedtomakeartificialbloodvessels.B.isusedfordentalimplants.C.canstopseriousbleedingveryquickly.D.isusedforbonerepairinmosthipreplacementsurgeries.E.helpswoundshealfaster.DABECListeningandspeaking

NewsScript

ScientistsatJohnsHopkinsUniversityaredevelopingnewmedicalmaterialstoimprovepatientcare.Thesematerialsareveryusefulindifferentmedicaltreatments.Oneisstrongmetal,whichiscommonlyusedforbonerepairandrepresentsaprimarychoiceinhipreplacementsurgeries.Anotherisaspecialplasticformakingartificialbloodvessels.Thereisalsoaceramicmaterialusedfordentalimplants,andnaturalmaterialstakenfromanimalsListeningandspeaking

NewsScript

thathelpwoundshealfaster.Recentresearchshowsthatusingtheseadvancedmaterialshelpspatientsrecoverabout30%fasterthantraditionalmethods.Dr.LisaWang,theleadscientist,sharedsomeexcitingnews:“Ourresearchshowsthatnewlydevelopedhydrogelbandageshavethepotentialtostopseverebleedingrapidly–insometestswithin30seconds.”Thiscansavemanylivesinemergencies.Listeningandspeaking

NewsScript

Researchersarenowworkingtomakethesematerialssaferandmoredurable.Amajorfocusisoncreating"self-healing"materialsthatcanworkbetterwiththehumanbody.Theseimprovementswillhelpdoctorstreatpatientsmoreeffectivelyinthefuture.Listeningandspeaking

NewsAccordingtothenews,scientistsareimprovingbiomaterialstomakethemsafer,longer-lasting,and“self-healing”sothattheyworkbetterwiththehumanbody.Howcansuch“self-healing”materialshelptreatpatientsmoreeffectivelyinthefuture?2.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingsituation.Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.antimicrobial/ˌæntimaɪˈkrəʊbiəl/a.抗微生物的2.collagen/ˈkɒlədʒən/

n.胶原蛋白3.scaffold/ˈskæfəʊld/n.

支架；脚手架4.biosensor/ˈbaɪəʊˌsensə(r)/n.生物传感器5.inflammatory/ɪnˈflæmətri/a.炎症的6.diabeticulcer/ˌdaɪəˈbetɪkˈʌlsə(r)/糖尿病溃疡Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.Listentoaconversationaboutsmartbandagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.1.A.Theyaremadeofstrongerfabric.B.Theyaremoreexpensivetoproduce.C.Theyactivelyhelpthebodyheal.D.Theycanchangecolortoshowinfection.√Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.Listentoaconversationaboutsmartbandagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.2.A.Tomakethebandagestickbetter.B.Tofightgermsandpreventinfection.C.Tohelpbuildnewtissuefaster.D.TomeasurethepHlevelofthewound.√Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.Listentoaconversationaboutsmartbandagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.3.A.Bydestroyingharmfulbacteriaaroundthewound.B.Bycreatingastructurethatsupportsthegrowthof newcells.C.Bymonitoringchemicalchangesinthewoundfluid.D.Bycommunicatingdirectlywithahealth-care professional.√Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.Listentoaconversationaboutsmartbandagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.4.A.Thewoundiscompletelyhealed.B.Thecollagenframeworkdisappears.C.Thebandageistakenoff.D.Possiblesignsofinfectionaredetected.√Listeningandspeaking

Conversation1.Listentoaconversationaboutsmartbandagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.5.A.Becausetheycandetectproblemsatanearlystage.B.Becausetheyarethemostaffordableoption.C.Becausetheyusenaturalingredients.D.Becausetheydon'tneedtobereplaced.√Listeningandspeaking1.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweensmartbandagesandnormalones?2.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofantimicrobialmaterialsinsmartbandages?3.AccordingtoDr.Chen,howdoescollageninasmartbandagedirectlyaidthehealingprocess?Questions

ConversationListeningandspeaking4.Whatwilltriggerthesmartbandagetosendanalert?5.Whyaresmartbandagesespeciallyusefulfordiabeticpatients?Questions

ConversationListeningandspeaking

Conversation（

）1.Theantimicrobialfunctionofsmartbandagesis mainlyachievedthroughcopperparticles.（

）2.Collagenisatypeofsyntheticplasticmaterial.（

）3.BiosensorsinsmartbandagescanmeasurepH levelstoassesswoundhealth.2.Listenagainanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F).FFTListeningandspeaking

Conversation（

）4.Inflammatoryactivitylevelscanbemonitored throughchangesinwoundtemperature.（

）5.Smartbandagesrepresentashiftfrommerely coveringawoundtoactivelymanagingthehealing process.2.Decide

whethereachof

the

followingstatements

is

true(T)or

false(F).FTListeningandspeaking

ConversationAlex:

Dr.Chen,I’mdoingaschoolreportonnewmedicaltools.Canyoutellmesomethingabout“smartbandages”?Dr.Chen:

Ofcourse,Alex.It’sanexcitingtopic.Normalbandagesjustcoverawound.Butsmartbandagesare

bioactive–theyactuallyworkwithyourbodytohelpitheal.Alex:

Howdotheyworkwiththebody?Dr.Chen:

Well,first,mostofthemare

antimicrobial.Thismeanstheyhavespecialmaterials,suchastinysilverScript

Listeningandspeaking

Conversationparticles,whichfightgermsandstopinfectionsbeforetheystart.Alex:

That’sclever.Dotheydoanythingelse?Dr.Chen:

Yes,theyalsohelpyourbodybuildnewtissuefaster.Somecontainanaturalproteincalled

collagen.Thinkof

collagen

asatinyframeworkor

scaffold

thatgivesyournewskincellsastructuretogrowon,helpingthewoundclosequicklyandproperly.Alex:

Whatmakesthem“smart”?Script

Listeningandspeaking

ConversationDr.Chen:

Themostadvancedpartisthetiny

biosensors

wovenintothefabric.Theselittlesensorscancheckonthewoundbymeasuringthingslike

pH

levels,whichtellusifthewoundishealthyornot.Ifthenumberslookbad,itcanmeanthere’stoomuch

inflammatory

activity,asignofpossibleinfection.Thebandagecanthensendthisinformationdirectlytoadoctor.Alex:

Sothedoctorgetsanearlywarning?Script

Listeningandspeaking

ConversationDr.Chen:

Exactly.Thisissuperhelpfulforwoundsthathealslowly,like

diabeticulcers

onthefeet.It’saperfectexampleof

telemedicine–usingtechnologytomanagehealthfromadistance.Insteadofjustcoveringaproblem,thesebandagesactivelysupportyourbody’sown

healingprocess,guidingiteverystepoftheway.Alex:

That’samazing.Thankyou,Dr.Chen!Script

Listeningandspeaking

ConversationIfsmartbandagescanmonitorwoundssowell,willpatientsstillneedtovisittheirdoctorsasoften?Isthisagoodchangeforhealthcare?3.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingsituation.SpeakingskillUsingclarificationstrategiesThisskillfocusesonemployingtargetedquestioningtechniquestoenhancecomprehensioninacademicdialogs,particularlyvaluablewhendiscussingspecializedtopicslikebiomedicalscience.Theapproachinvolvesthreepracticaltechniques.First,seekdirectclarificationbyaskingspecificquestionsabouttechnicalterms.Forexample,whenDr.Chenmentionsthatsmartbandagesare“bioactive,”Alexfollowsupwith“Howdotheyworkwiththebody?”tobetterunderstandtheSpeakingskillconceptofbioactivematerials.Second,useprogressivequestioningtomovefromgeneraltospecificinquiry.Alexdemonstratesthisbymovingfromthegeneralrequest,“Canyoutellmesomethingabout‘smartbandages’?”toaspecificinquiryaboutthemechanism.Third,confirmyourunderstandingbyrephrasingkeyideas.Alexdoesthiswhenhecheckshisgraspofthealertsystembyasking,“Sothedoctorgetsanearlywarning?”UsingclarificationstrategiesSpeakingskillImplementthesestrategiesusingthe3CMethod:Clarifyuncleartechnicalaspects,confirmyourunderstandingofbiomedicalmechanisms,andconnectnewinformationtoexistinghealthknowledge.Theseclarificationstrategiestransformpassivelisteningintoactivelearning,makingtechnicalconversationsaboutmedicalinnovationsmoreproductivewhileenhancingbothspeakingandlisteningskillsinscientificcontexts.UsingclarificationstrategiesSpeakingskill

Atabiomedicaltechnologyexhibition,aresearcher(StudentA),istaskedwithexplaininganewdevicesuchasasmartbandagetoavisitor(StudentB),whohasanon-sciencebackground.StudentAmustclearlydescribethedevice’soperationandbenefits,whileStudentBshouldaskclarifyingquestionstoensureadeepandcomprehensiveunderstandingofthetechnology.3.Workinpairsandrole-playthesituation.Listeningandspeaking

Passage11.gel/dʒel/n.

凝胶2.nutrient/ˈnjuːtriənt/n.

营养物质3.mechanical/mɪˈkænɪkl/a.

力学的；物理（结构）的4.cellular/ˈseljələ/a.

细胞的5.secrete/sɪˈkriːt/

v.

(身体或植物器官)分泌Listeningandspeaking

Passage16.extracellularmatrix

/ˌekstrəˈseljələˈmeɪtrɪks/细胞外基质7.graft

/ɡrɑːft/n.

移植物8.cartilage

/ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ/n.

软骨Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Bioprintingisaninnovativetechnologythatcreateslivingtissuesusingaspecialmaterialcalled1)

__________,whichcontainslivingcellsandessentialnutrients.Theprintingprocessstartswithadigitalmodelbasedonapatient’sown2)

__________.Thismodelguidestheprintertobuildstructureslayerbylayer,creatingtemporarysupportsknownas3)

__________.Overtime,thelivingcellsbeginto1.Listentoapassageandfinishthesummary.bio-inkmedicalscansscaffoldsListeningandspeaking

Passage11.Listentoapassageandfinishthesummary.4)

__________andformfunctionalunits.Theyproducetheirownnaturalsupportsystem,allowingtheartificialstructuretosafely5)

____________.Thismethodcouldgreatlyreduce6)__________

fororgantransplantsandimprovetreatment7)

__________forpatientsworldwide.multiplydissolveoutcomeswaitinglistsListeningandspeaking

Passage11.A.Theystopcommunicatingwitheachother.B.Theysecretesupportmaterialstoformanaturalmatrix.C.Theybecomeharderandturnintoplastic.D.Theyareimmediatelyreadyfortransplant.2.Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.√Listeningandspeaking

Passage12.Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.2.A.Itiswidelyavailableinallhospitals.B.Ithasreplacedtraditionaltransplantmethods.C.Itisonlyusedforprintingsimpletissues.D.Itremainsmainlyexperimental.√Listeningandspeaking

Passage13.A.Anewlayerofmetal.B.Apatient’snaturalextracellularmatrix.C.Apermanentplasticstructure.D.Additionalbio-inkinjections.√2.Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.Listeningandspeaking

Passage14.A.Printingfullhumanbrains.B.Creatingartificialmetallimbs.C.Printingskingraftsandcartilage.D.Replacingallbonefractureswithplastic.√2.Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.Listeningandspeaking

Passage11.Whathappensasthecellsorganizeintofunctionalunits?2.Whatisthecurrentstatusofbioprintingtechnology?3.Whateventuallyreplacestheartificialscaffoldinthebody?4.Whichspecificmedicalapplicationsareresearcherscurrentlyworkingon?Questions

Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Whatifwecouldprintlivingtissuesandorgansjustlikeweprintobjectswitha3Dprinter?Thisgroundbreakingfieldisknownas

bioprinting.Insteadofusingplasticormetal,3D

bioprinters

useaspecial“bio-ink”–agelcontaininglivingcellsandnutrientsthatsupportcellgrowth.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Theprocessbeginswithadetaileddigital

blueprint,typicallycreatedfromapatient’smedicalscans.Thisdigitalmodelguidestheprinterasitcarefullylayersthebio-inktobuildcomplex3Dstructures.Theseprintedconstructs,called

scaffolds,serveastemporaryframeworksthatprovideboththecorrectshapeandnecessarymechanicalsupportforcellulardevelopment.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Thelivingcellswithinthebio-inkthenbegintheirremarkablework.Theymultiply,communicatewitheachother,andorganizeintofunctionalunits.Gradually,thesecells

secrete

theirownnaturalsupportmaterialsthroughaprocesscalled

extracellularmatrix

formation.Thisnaturalmatrixeventuallyreplacestheartificialscaffold,whichistypicallymadefrom

biodegradable

materialsdesignedtosafelydissolveovertime.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Whilestillprimarily

experimental,thistechnologyshowstremendouspotentialforcreating

personalized

medicalsolutions.Researchersareactivelyworkingonprintingskin

grafts

forburnvictims,

cartilage

forjointrepairs,andeventuallyevencomplexorgans.Thisinnovativeapproachcouldsignificantlyreducetransplantwaitinglistsandimprovetreatmentoutcomesformillionsofpatientsworldwide.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage1Imagineyourschoolisplanningtoinstalla3Dbioprinterinthesciencelab.Whatwouldbemorevaluableforstudents:printingaccurateorganmodelstostudyanatomy,orprintinglivingtissuestounderstandcellbehavior?Chooseonepositionandexplainyourreasons.3.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestion.Listeningandspeaking

Passage21.shapememorypolymer

n.

形状记忆聚合物2.insertion/ɪnˈsɜːʃn/n.

插入3.minimallyinvasivesurgery

n.

微创手术4.coating

/ˈkəʊtɪŋ/

n.

涂层Listeningandspeaking

Passage2Smartmaterialsarebringingimportantchangestomedicaltreatments.Thesespecialmaterialscan1)__________

theiroriginalshapeafterbeingdeformed.Theyrespondtospecific2)

__________likebodyheat.Thisallowsmedicaldevicestobeinsertedthroughsmallopeningsina(n)3)

__________state.Onceinsidethebody,thesedevices4)

__________to1.Listentoapassageandfinishthesummary.remembersignalscompressedexpandListeningandspeaking

Passage2providesupport.Thetechnologycauses5)

__________tothebodyandhelpspatientsrecovermorequickly.Scientistsareimprovingthesematerialswithspecial6)

____________________thatcanreleasemedicine.lessdamage(bioactive)coatings1.Listentoapassageandfinishthesummary.Listeningandspeaking（

）1.Thesesmartmaterialsareprimarilymadefrom refinedtraditionalmetals.（

）2.Theshape-changingprocessofthesematerialscan betriggeredbylightsignalsaswellasheat.（

）3.Bonerepairdevicesmadefromthesematerials requireopensurgeryforimplantation.2.Listenagainanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F).FFT

Passage2Listeningandspeaking（

）4.Scientistsareimprovingthematerialssotheycan transformintotheirintendedshapeswithgreater precision.（

）5.Patientsusingdevicesmadefromthesematerials typicallyrequirelongerhospitalstaysthanthose usingtraditionalimplants.FT

Passage22.Listenagainanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F).Listeningandspeaking

Passage2Imagineasmallmedicaldevicethatcanenterthebodythroughatinycut,thenopenupintoacomplex3Dshapeinsideyou.Thisisn’tsciencefiction–it’stheamazingabilityof

shapememorypolymers.Thesesmartmaterialscan“remember”theiroriginalshapeandbetemporarilyfoldedintoadifferentshapeforeasyinsertion.Whentheyfeelaspecificsignallikebodyheatorcertainlight,theygentlyreturntotheirplannedform.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage2Thisspecialqualityischanging

minimallyinvasivesurgery.Forexample,asmall

stent

(atubethatkeepsbloodvesselsopen)orbonerepairframecanbedeliveredthroughathintubeinacompressedform.Whenitreachestherightplace,likeablockedbloodvesselordamagedbonearea,itexpandstoprovideperfectsupport.Allthishappenswithoutneedingmajorsurgerywithlargecuts.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage2Thisadvancedapproachcauseslessdamagetothebody,leavessmallerscars,andhelpspatientsrecovermuchfaster.Scientistsarenowmakingthesematerialsevenbetter.Theyareimprovingthematerialstomakesuretheychangeshapemoreaccurately.They’realsoaddingspecial

bioactive

coatings.Thesecoatingscanslowlyreleasemedicinetopreventinfections.Theycanalsohelpourbody’sScript

Listeningandspeaking

Passage2tissuesgrowbackbetterandstronger.Theseexcitingimprovementsarecreatingnewpossibilitiesinmodernmedicine,offeringpatientssafertreatmentsandquickerrecoverytimes.Script

Listeningandspeaking

Passage23.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Weknowbiomaterialscanbeusedformanythings.Some,likespecialwound-carebandages,areimportantforhealth.Others,likematerialsforcosmeticdentistry(tomaketeethlookperfect),aremainlyforappearance.Howcanscientistsandcompaniesbalancecreatingbiomaterialsforaddressingseriousmedicalproblems(liketreatingdiseases)andforenhancingthequalityoflife(likemakingperfectteeth)?Whyisthisbalancecrucial?ListeningskillRecognizingProblem-SolutionPatternsMasteringtheproblem-solutionpatternisaboutunderstandingthelogicalconnectionsbetweenideas.Thegoalistofollowthespeaker’slineofreasoning,tracingthepathfromachallengetoitsproposedsolution.Toeffectivelyfollowaproblem-solutionpattern,theessentialtaskistotrackthespeaker’slogic.Thisprocessinvolvestwocriticalsteps:first,understandinghowtheproblemisframed;andsecond,recognizinghowtheproposedsolutiondirectlyaddressesit.ListeningskillRecognizingProblem-SolutionPatterns1.IdentifyingthespecificproblemanditsimplicationsAwell-constructedargumentnotonlystatesaproblembutalsoexplainsitssignificance.Forexample,inthevideo,theproblemisnotsimplythatmanyfracturesoccur.Itisspecificallyframedaroundthedrawbacksofexistingsolutions:metalimplantsrequireasecondsurgeryforremoval,whichisdescribedasan“unpleasant”and“inevitable”burden.Thisclarifiesthatthecoreissueextendsbeyondthefractureitselftoincludethelimitationsofcurrenttreatments.ListeningskillRecognizingProblem-SolutionPatterns2.Connectingthesolution’sfeaturesdirectlytotheproblem’sdrawbacksTheproposedsolutionshouldfunctionasadirectresponsetothelimitationspreviouslyoutlined.Continuingtheexample,thevideointroducespolymerswiththekeyfeatureofbeing“completelyabsorbedbythebody,reducingtheneedforremovalsurgery.”Thisisnotanisolatedtechnicaldetailbutadirectcountertothe“unpleasantsecondaryListeningskillRecognizingProblem-SolutionPatternssurgery”mentionedearlier.Similarly,thesolutionof3D-printed,patient-specificimplantsaddressestheproblemofsurgeonshavingto“selectthemostappropriateimplantfromanumberofstandardsizes.”Byfocusingonthislogicalconnection–howthesolutionisdesignedtoresolvethespecificproblem–listenerscanmovebeyondmemorizingdetailstounderstandingthespeaker’sargument.MedicaltermsCompletethesentenceswiththewordsinthebox.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Changetheformifnecessary.fracture stent biosensor hydrogelantimicrobial inflammatorycellular coating

Completethesentenceswiththewordsinthebox.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Changetheformifnecessary.1.Thedevelopmentofanewmedical____________allowsdoctorstomonitorapatient’sb