2025-2026学年山东省德州市高一上学期期中考试英语试题 （解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省德州市2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheDigitalFarm,GrowingwithTechnologyFarmingissteppingintoanewage,movingbeyondtraditionaltoolsintotheworldofdigitaltechnology.Thisrevolution(革命),poweredbyconnectivity,artificialintelligence(AI),andsmartsensors,aimstodealwithamajorproblem;feedingagrowingglobalpopulationwithlimitedresourceslikewaterandfarmland.ResearchfromtheMcKinseyCenterforAdvancedConnectivitysuggeststhatifsuccessfullycarriedout,thishigh-techmethodcouldadd$500billiontotheglobaleconomyby2030.Itmeansa7to9percentimprovementintheindustry’stotalproductivity.Suchprogressisimportant:astheworldpopulationmightreach8.7billionby2050,whichwillrequire70percentmorefood.Thetablebelowshowssomekeyconnectedtechnologiesandtheirpotential(潜力).|However,animportantchallengeremains.Currently,onlyabout25%offarmsinsomedevelopedareasuseconnectedequipment.Inmanyotherpartsoftheworld,thisnumberisevenlower.Forthisdigitalrevolutiontosucceed,strongerandmorereliableinternetserviceisneededinruralareasworldwide.1.Whatistheendgoalofthefarmingrevolution?A.Savethefarmland. B.Lowerfarmingcost. C.Feedmorepeople. D.Protecttheenvironment.2.What’sthepotentialglobalvalueofcropmonitoringby2030?A.$50-60billion. B.$70-90billion. C.$130-175billion. D.$500billion.3.Whatisachallengeinusingdigitalfarming?A.Poornetworkservices. B.Badweatherconditions. C.Highcostofequipment. D.Farmers’lackofinterest.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍农业正步入数字技术时代，通过互联、人工智能等技术提升生产力以养活更多人口，同时指出农村网络服务不足是其推广的关键挑战。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thisrevolution(革命),poweredbyconnectivity,artificialintelligence(AI),andsmartsensors,aimstodealwithamajorproblem;feedingagrowingglobalpopulationwithlimitedresourceslikewaterandfarmland.(这场由互联、人工智能（AI）和智能传感器推动的革命，旨在解决一个重大问题：用有限的水和农田等资源养活不断增长的全球人口)”可知，农业革命的最终目标是养活更多人。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中“Cropmonitoring(作物监测)”对应的“Potentialvalueby2030(2030年潜在价值)”：“$130-175billion”可知，到2030年作物监测的潜在全球价值为1300至1750亿美元。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However,animportantchallengeremains.Currently,onlyabout25%offarmsinsomedevelopedareasuseconnectedequipment.Inmanyotherpartsoftheworld,thisnumberisevenlower.Forthisdigitalrevolutiontosucceed,strongerandmorereliableinternetserviceisneededinruralareasworldwide.(然而，一个重要的挑战依然存在。目前，在一些发达地区，只有约25%的农场使用互联设备。在世界许多其他地区，这一数字甚至更低。要使这场数字革命取得成功，全球农村地区需要更强大、更可靠的互联网服务)”可知，数字农业面临的挑战是农村网络服务不佳。故选A项。BFrankCaprio,awell-knownjudgefromProvidence,RhodeIsland,passedawayattheageof88.HebecamefamousacrosstheUnitedStatesforhiskindnessandmercyinthecourt,especiallythroughhispopulartelevisionshow.JudgeCaprioservedasalocalcourtjudgefornearly40yearsbeforeretiringin2023.Whatmadehimspecialwashisbeliefthatacourtshouldbeaplaceof“kindnessandmercy.”Thismadehimverydifferentfromotherjudgeswhooftenappearedstrictandcold-hearted.Hisshow,CaughtinProvidence,madehimanationalcelebritylaterinhislife.Theprogramfeaturedrealcasesfromhiscourt—breakingtrafficrules,housingproblems,andslightcrimes.Firstshownonlocaltelevisionin1986,theshowgainedwidespreadpopularityafter2017whencasesweresharedonline,eventuallyreachingover800millionviews.Onefamousexampleofhismercyinvolveda96-year-oldmanwhoreceivedaspeedingticket.WhenJudgeCapriolearnedthemanwasdrivinghissontocancertreatment,heimmediatelycancelledthecase.“Hereyouareinyour90s,andyou’restilltakingcareofyourfamily,”hetoldtheman.“That’sjustawonderfulthing.”JudgeCaprio’skindnesscamefromhisroots.HegrewupinapoorItalianAmericanfamilyduringthe1930s.Hisfatherworkedasamilkman,andyoungFrankhelpedbyshiningshoesanddeliveringnewspapers.Heneverforgothisfather’sadvice;“Youcanneverforgetwhereyoucamefrom.”Duetofinancialchallenges,JudgeCaprioworkedasateacherwhilestudyinglawatnight.Heeventuallybecameajudgeknownforunderstandingpeople’sstruggles.ThegovernorofRhodeIslandpraisedhimas“asymbolofconsiderationinthecourt.”Hisstorycontinuestoinspirepeopleabouthowjusticecanbespreadwithhumanityandunderstanding.4.WhatmakesJudgeCapriounique?A.Beingfamousatanearlyage. B.Puttinghimselfinothers’shoes.C.Longcareerandstrictrulings. D.Backgroundfromapoorfamily.5.WhatdoesCaughtinProvidencefocuson?A.Famousfigures. B.Lawcourses. C.Dailybusinesses. D.Realcourtcases.6.WhydidJudgeCapriocancelthespeedingticketfortheelderlyman?A.Hewasresponsibleforfamily. B.Hebrokethelawforthefirsttime.C.Hewastoooldtopaythefine. D.Hepromisedtoneverspeedagain.7.WhichwouldbestdescribeJudgeCaprio’squalities?A.Braveandwise. B.Generousandcreative. C.Patientandstrict. D.Considerateandwarm.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国著名法官弗兰克·卡普里奥的生平，他以法庭上的善良与仁慈闻名，其节目和事迹彰显了充满人文关怀的正义。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whatmadehimspecialwashisbeliefthatacourtshouldbeaplaceof“kindnessandmercy.”Thismadehimverydifferentfromotherjudgeswhooftenappearedstrictandcold-hearted.(让他与众不同的是他的信念：法庭应该是一个“善良与仁慈”的地方。这使他与其他常常显得严厉和冷漠的法官大不相同。)”可知，卡普里奥法官的独特之处在于他秉持善良仁慈的理念，懂得换位思考、体谅他人。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hisshow,CaughtinProvidence,madehimanationalcelebritylaterinhislife.Theprogramfeaturedrealcasesfromhiscourt—breakingtrafficrules,housingproblems,andslightcrimes.(他的节目《CaughtinProvidence》在他晚年让他成为了全国名人。该节目以他法庭上的真实案件为特色——违反交通规则、住房问题和轻微犯罪。)”可知，该节目聚焦于真实的法庭案件。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“WhenJudgeCapriolearnedthemanwasdrivinghissontocancertreatment,heimmediatelycancelled(报告)thecase.“Hereyouareinyour90s,andyou’restilltakingcareofyourfamily,”hetoldtheman.(当卡普里奥法官得知老人是开车送儿子去接受癌症治疗时，他立即撤销了案件。“你都90多岁了，还在照顾家人，”他对老人说。)”可知，法官撤销罚单是因为老人年纪虽大仍对家人负责，出于仁慈做出该决定。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whatmadehimspecialwashisbeliefthatacourtshouldbeaplaceof“kindnessandmercy.”Thismadehimverydifferentfromotherjudgeswhooftenappearedstrictandcold-hearted.(让他与众不同的是他的信念：法庭应该是一个“善良与仁慈”的地方。这使他与其他常常显得严厉和冷漠的法官大不相同。)”和第四段中“WhenJudgeCapriolearnedthemanwasdrivinghissontocancertreatment,heimmediatelycancelled(报告)thecase.“Hereyouareinyour90s,andyou’restilltakingcareofyourfamily,”hetoldtheman.(当卡普里奥法官得知老人是开车送儿子去接受癌症治疗时，他立即撤销了案件。“你都90多岁了，还在照顾家人，”他对老人说。)”以及最后一段中的“ThegovernorofRhodeIslandpraisedhimas“asymbolofconsiderationinthecourt.”(罗德岛州州长称赞他是“法庭上体贴他人的典范”。)”可知，卡普里奥法官兼具体谅他人和温暖的品质。故选D项。CFrombiglifegoalstosmalldailytroubles,frustration(沮丧)ispartofourdailylife.Althoughfrustrationisoftenthoughtofasabadfeeling,studiesshowthatitisnotjustaproblem—itcanalsobeausefultoolforgrowing,learningandmakingyourselfbetter.Psychologistssayfrustrationismorethanashort-termtrouble.AyeletFishbach,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicago,saysfrustrationexistsforareason.Angerusuallypointsatothers,andstressoftencomesfromhavingtoomanytaskstodo.Butfrustrationisdifferent;itisthefeelingyougetwhenthingsdon’tgoasyouplanned.It’saremindertocheckyourgoalsagainandthinkaboutdoingthingsinadifferentway.Ayeletsaysthiskindofchangecanmakeyoupaymoreattentionandalsomakeyourdeterminationstronger.Somestudiesevenfindthatstudentswhofailinfrustratingsituationsoftengetbetteratsolvingproblemslater.Sheexplains,“Itisthisfocuseddeterminationfromfrustrationthathelpspeoplemakeprogress.”Evenbabiesfeelfrustratedwhentheylearntocrawlorwalk,butthisfrustrationencouragesthemtokeeptryinguntiltheysucceed.Tousefrustrationtohelpyourselfgrow,youneedaseriousapproach.Thefirstkeystepistounderstand,inanyprocess(过程)oftryinghard,itisverynaturaltofaceproblems,andfrustrationcanactuallypushustoimproveourselves.Anotherimportantthingtodoistochangehowyoulookatfrustration—don’tseeitasfailure.Instead,youshouldtreatitasproofthat“youaredealingwithchallengesthatarejustrightforyou.”Besides,youshoulddealwithyourfeelingsinarightway.Keepingyourfeelingsinsideisnothealthy.Talkingtosomeoneyoutrustcanoftengiveyounewideas.Finally,youneedtothinkback,learnlessonsfromyourexperiences,andusethesetoguideyourfuturegrowth.Frustrationisnotyourenemy.Aslongasyouunderstanditsgoodpointsandlearntouseit,youcanturnlife’sproblemsintochancestogrow.8.WhatmakesfrustrationdifferentfromangerandstressaccordingtoAyelet?A.Itusuallytargetsotherpeople. B.Itlastslongerthanotherfeelings.C.Itiscausedbytoomanytasks. D.Ithappensasthingsgounexpected.9.Whydoestheauthormentionbabies?A.Toprovetheview. B.Tobridgetheparagraphs.C.Toimagineascene. D.Tointroduceanewtopic.10.Whatshouldonedotomakethebestoffrustration?A.Avoidchallenges. B.Keepfeelingsinside. C.Shiftthemindset. D.Forgetthepastpains.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheHarmofFrustrationinOurLife. B.Frustration:FromProblemtoPower.C.TheReasonsWhyWeGetFrustrated. D.KeytoSuccess:NeverFeelFrustrated.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了挫折在生活中的作用，指出挫折并非全然负面，而是可以转化为成长的力量。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Angerusuallypointsatothers,andstressoftencomesfromhavingtoomanytaskstodo.Butfrustrationisdifferent;itisthefeelingyougetwhenthingsdon’tgoasyouplanned.(愤怒通常指向他人，而压力往往来自任务过多。但挫折不同；它是当事情没有按计划进行时你所产生的感觉。)”可知，Ayelet认为挫折与愤怒和压力的不同之处在于，挫折是当事情没有按照预期发展时产生的。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Evenbabiesfeelfrustratedwhentheylearntocrawlorwalk,butthisfrustrationencouragesthemtokeeptryinguntiltheysucceed.(即使是婴儿在学习爬行或走路时也会感到沮丧，但这种挫折会鼓励他们不断尝试，直到成功。)”可知，作者提到婴儿是为了证明挫折可以鼓励人们不断尝试，直到成功，从而支持前文提到的挫折的积极作用这一观点。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Anotherimportantthingtodoistochangehowyoulookatfrustration—don'tseeitasfailure.Instead,youshouldtreatitasproofthat‘youaredealingwithchallengesthatarejustrightforyou.’(另一件重要的事情是改变你看待挫折的方式——不要把它看作失败。相反，你应该把它看作是证明‘你正在应对对你来说恰到好处的挑战。’)”可知，为了充分利用挫折，一个人应该改变心态，不要把挫折看作失败，而是看作挑战和成长的机会。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“Frustrationisnotyourenemy.Aslongasyouunderstanditsgoodpointsandlearntouseit,youcanturnlife'sproblemsintochancestogrow.(挫折不是你的敌人。只要你了解它的优点并学会利用它，你就能把生活中的问题变成成长的机会。)”可知，文章主要讲述了挫折如何从问题转化为力量，帮助人们成长和进步。因此，B项“Frustration.FromProblemtoPower.(挫折。从问题到力量。)”最符合文章主旨，适合作标题。故选B项。DBlackholesaresomeofthemostpuzzlingthingsinspace.They’remuchheavierthanoursun.Wecan’tseethemdirectlywithoureyesorevenregulartelescopes.Sotheyremainoneofthebiggestmysteriesinscience.Let’sfindoutwhattheyare,howwespotthem,andthesecretsthatstillconfusescientiststoday.Ablackholeappearswhenaverylargestarrunsoutofallitsfuel.Usually,astarstayssteady;aforceinsidepushesout,andgravity(引力)pullsin,balancingeachother.Butwhenthestarhasnofuel,gravitywins.Thenallthestar’smaterialispressedintoaverysmallspace.Evenlight,thefastestthinginthespace,can’tescapeitsgravity.That’swhywecan’tseeblackholes—nolightcomesoutofthem,soitcan’treachoureyesortelescopes.Wecan’tseeblackholes,butscientistshavefoundsmartwaystotrackthemdownusingpowerfultelescopes.Theywatchforthingslikegasanddustfloatinginspace—whenthesematerialsgetclosetoablackhole,theygetreallyhotandgiveoffweaksignalsthattelescopescanpickup.In2022,agroupofscientistsusedanetworkoftelescopesaroundtheworldtotakethefirstclearpictureofasuperbigblackholecalledSagittariusA*atthecenterofourMilkyWaygalaxy,andit’smorethanamilliontimesheavierthanourSun.Westilldon’tknowmuchaboutwhathappensinsideablackhole.That’sabigunknown.Everyblackholehassomethingcalledan“eventhorizon.”It’slikeanunseenlinearoundtheblackhole.Ifanythingcrossesthisline,evenaspaceshiporarayoflight,itgetspulledinbytheblackhole’sgravityandcannevergetout.Somescientiststhinkthatifapersonwentpastthiseventhorizon,theywouldbetrappedforever.Otherscientistsguessthatblackholesmightconnecttootherpartsoftheuniversethrough“wormholes.”Thesearelikehiddentunnels.Butthesewormholeswouldbreakaparttooquicklyforanythingtotravelthroughthem.Thegoodnews?AllblackholesareveryfarfromEarth.Sotheydon’tbringanydangertoourplanet.12.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howablackholeforms. B.Whystarsrunoutoffuel.C.Whyweneedtelescopes. D.Howgravityworksonstars.13.HowdidscientistsdiscoverSagittariusA*?A.Byobservingitsbrightlight. B.Bytrackingmaterialsaroundit.C.Byusingonehugetelescope. D.Bycatchingitsstrongsignals.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthe“eventhorizon”?A.It’sneartheEarth. B.It’sapointofnoreturn.C.It’satypeofplanet. D.It’salinethatcanbeseen.15.What’sthemainaimofthetext?A.Tourgescientiststostudyblackholes. B.Tointroduceamovieaboutblackholes.C.Towarnpeopleaboutblackholes’danger. D.Toexplaintherelatedfactsofblackholes.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了黑洞是宇宙中神秘的天体，由超大质量恒星耗尽燃料后形成，因引力极强无法发光，科学家通过追踪周围物质探测它，其“事件视界”等仍存谜团，但对地球无危险。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ablackholeappearswhenaverylargestarrunsoutofallitsfuel.Usually,astarstayssteady;aforceinsidepushesout,andgravity(引力)pullsin,balancingeachother.Butwhenthestarhasnofuel,gravitywins.Thenallthestar’smaterialispressedintoaverysmallspace.Evenlight,thefastestthinginthespace,can’tescapeitsgravity.That’swhywecan’tseeblackholes—nolightcomesoutofthem,soitcan’treachoureyesortelescopes.(当一颗巨大的恒星耗尽了所有的燃料时，就会形成一个黑洞。通常情况下，恒星是保持稳定的：内部有一种力量向外推，而引力则向内拉，两者相互平衡。但当恒星没有燃料时，引力就会占上风。于是，恒星的所有物质都被压缩进一个非常小的空间里。即使是光（宇宙中速度最快的物质）也无法逃脱其引力的影响。这就是我们看不到黑洞的原因——因为黑洞内部没有光线逸出，所以无法到达我们的眼睛或望远镜的视野范围。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是黑洞是如何形成的。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theywatchforthingslikegasanddustfloatinginspace—whenthesematerialsgetclosetoablackhole,theygetreallyhotandgiveoffweaksignalsthattelescopescanpickup.In2022,agroupofscientistsusedanetworkoftelescopesaroundtheworldtotakethefirstclearpictureofasuperbigblackholecalledSagittariusA*atthecenterofourMilkyWaygalaxy,andit’smorethanamilliontimesheavierthanourSun.(他们会留意太空中的气体和尘埃漂浮情况——当这些物质靠近黑洞时，会变得非常炽热，并释放出微弱的信号，这些信号能够被望远镜捕捉到。2022年，一组科学家利用全球范围内的望远镜网络，首次清晰地拍摄到了位于我们银河系中心的一个超大黑洞——名为SagittariusA*的黑洞，它的质量比我们的太阳重超过一百万倍。)”可知，科学家通过追踪其周围物质的运动发现SagittariusA*。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Everyblackholehassomethingcalledan“eventhorizon.”It’slikeanunseenlinearoundtheblackhole.Ifanythingcrossesthisline,evenaspaceshiporarayoflight,itgetspulledinbytheblackhole’sgravityandcannevergetout.Somescientiststhinkthatifapersonwentpastthiseventhorizon,theywouldbetrappedforever.(每一个黑洞都有一个被称为“事件视界”的东西。它就像是黑洞周围一条看不见的边界线。如果有任何物体越过这条线，哪怕是一艘宇宙飞船或者一束光线，都会被黑洞的引力吸引而无法逃脱。一些科学家认为，如果有人越过这个事件视界，他们就会永远被困在那里。)”可知，它是一个无法返回的终点。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Blackholesaresomeofthemostpuzzlingthingsinspace.They’remuchheavierthanoursun.Wecan’tseethemdirectlywithoureyesorevenregulartelescopes.Sotheyremainoneofthebiggestmysteriesinscience.Let’sfindoutwhattheyare,howwespotthem,andthesecretsthatstillconfusescientiststoday.(黑洞是宇宙中一些最为令人费解的天体之一。它们的质量比我们的太阳还要大得多。我们无法用肉眼或普通的望远镜直接观测到它们。因此，它们依然是科学领域中最大的谜团之一。让我们来了解一下它们究竟是什么，我们又是如何发现它们的，以及至今仍令科学家们感到困惑的秘密所在。)”结合文章开篇介绍黑洞是宇宙中最神秘的事物之一，随后依次讲解黑洞的形成、探测方式、“事件视界”等相关未知之谜，核心是“科普黑洞的相关事实”。可知，这篇文章的主要目的是解释有关黑洞的相关事实。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afamilyisaplacefilledwithlove,care,andshareddays.____16____Theypickuptheirfirstwords,understandwhatkindnessmeans;andfindcomfortwhenthingsgowrong.Evenastheygrowolder,familystaysasteadysupport,cheeringontheirjoysandstandingbythemthroughhardtimes.____17____Whenfamilymemberslistentoachild’sworriesorpraisetheirsmallwins,itbuildsthechild’sconfidencelittlebylittle.Parentsmightreadbedtimestoriestoteachnewwords,helpwithhomeworkwhenit’sdifficult,ortalkabouttheirdaytoencouragecuriosity.Thiskindofsupportdoesn’tjustmakekidsbetteratschoolbuthelpsthemfeelreadyforfuturelife.Familiespassontraditionsandteachgoodhabits.Thinkaboutthespecialthingsmanyfamiliesdo:makingafavoritedisheveryholiday,tellingstoriesaboutgrandparents,orevenhavingasillyruleforgamenights.____18____Kidsneedtolearnsharingtoyswithsiblingsorsaying“sorry”whenthey’rewrong.Allthepracticeshelpchildrenfeelconnectedtotheirroots.Familiesbondthroughsmallsharedmoments.Makingfamilybondsstrongerdoesn’tneedbigplans.Somethingassimpleassittingdowntoeatdinnertogetherworks:puttingawayphonestotalkaboutthedayletseveryonefeelheard.____19____Forexample,creatingsmall,regularmoments,likeaweeklywalkorwatchingafavoriteshowtogether,alsohelps.Familyservesasthequietbaseofahappylife.____20____Allthesearewhatkeepfamiliesstrongandwarmforyears.A.Bigtripscouldbringfamiliescloser.B.Familiessupportthegrowthofchildren.C.Forchildren,it’swhentheyfirstlearn.D.Parentsprefercomplexactivitiestosimpleones.E.Anotherwayistosetfixedtimeforafamilyactivity.F.Familiesalsoteachkidshowtogetonwellwithothers.G.Itachievesthisbyhelpinggrowth,keepingtraditions,andsharingmoments.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述家庭是幸福生活的基石，对孩子而言是初次学习的地方，不仅支持其成长、传递传统与好习惯，还通过共享微小时刻建立联结，这些共同维系着家庭的温暖与稳固。【16题详析】根据上文“Afamilyisaplacefilledwithlove,care,andshareddays.(家庭是一个充满爱、关怀和共同过日子的温馨之所)”以及后文“Theypickuptheirfirstwords,understandwhatkindnessmeans;andfindcomfortwhenthingsgowrong.(他们开始学会说话，理解“善良”意味着什么；当遇到问题时，也能从中获得安慰)”可知，前文定义“家庭是充满爱、关怀和共享时光的地方”，后文衔接“他们学会第一句话、理解善良的含义、遇到困难时获得安慰”，核心是“孩子在家庭中初次学习”。C选项中的“firstlearn”与后文“pickuptheirfirstwords,understandwhatkindnessmeans”直接呼应，逻辑连贯。C选项“对于孩子来说，这是他们刚开始学习的时候”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据后文“Whenfamilymemberslistentoachild’sworriesorpraisetheirsmallwins,itbuildsthechild’sconfidencelittlebylittle.Parentsmightreadbedtimestoriestoteachnewwords,helpwithhomeworkwhenit’sdifficult,ortalkabouttheirdaytoencouragecuriosity.Thiskindofsupportdoesn’tjustmakekidsbetteratschoolbuthelpsthemfeelreadyforfuturelife.(当家庭成员倾听孩子的烦恼或称赞他们取得的小成就时，会逐渐增强孩子的自信心。父母可以读睡前故事来教授新单词，当孩子遇到难题时给予帮助，或者与孩子交流当天的经历以激发他们的求知欲。这种支持不仅能让孩子在学校表现更好，还能帮助他们为未来的生活做好准备)”可知，此空为段落主题句，后文围绕“家人倾听孩子的烦恼、赞扬小成就”“父母读睡前故事、辅导作业”等内容展开，核心是“家庭对孩子成长的支持”。B选项直接点明主题，与后文“buildsthechild'sconfidence”“helpsthemfeelreadyforfuturelife”形成总分关系，符合逻辑。B选项“家庭有助于孩子的成长”符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】根据上文“Thinkaboutthespecialthingsmanyfamiliesdo:makingafavoritedisheveryholiday,tellingstoriesaboutgrandparents,orevenhavingasillyruleforgamenights.(想想许多家庭所特有的那些活动吧：每逢节日都会做一道心爱的菜肴，讲述关于祖父母的故事，或者在游戏之夜制定一些有趣的规则)”以及后文“Kidsneedtolearnsharingtoyswithsiblingsorsaying“sorry”whenthey’rewrong.Allthepracticeshelpchildrenfeelconnectedtotheirroots.(孩子们需要学会与兄弟姐妹分享玩具，或者在犯错时说“对不起”。所有这些行为都有助于孩子们感受到与自己家庭的紧密联系)”可知，前文提到“家庭传递传统、教授好习惯”，列举了节日美食、祖辈故事等传统，后文衔接“孩子需要学会与兄弟姐妹分享玩具、犯错时说‘对不起’”，这些均属于“与人相处的能力”。F选项中的“getonwellwithothers”与后文“sharingtoys”“sayingsorry'”呼应，且“also”承接前文“passontraditions”，体现“教授内容的递进”，逻辑通顺。F选项“家庭还会教导孩子如何与他人友好相处”符合语境，故选F。【19题详析】根据上文“Makingfamilybondsstrongerdoesn’tneedbigplans.Somethingassimpleassittingdowntoeatdinnertogetherworks:puttingawayphonestotalkaboutthedayletseveryonefeelheard.(加强家庭关系并不需要多么宏大的计划。像一起坐下来共进晚餐这样简单的事情也能起到作用：放下手机，聊聊当天发生的事，能让每个人都感到自己的话有人倾听)”以及后文“Forexample,creatingsmall,regularmoments,likeaweeklywalkorwatchingafavoriteshowtogether,alsohelps.(例如，创造一些短暂且规律的活动，比如每周一起散步或者一起观看一部喜爱的节目，也有助于缓解压力)”可知，段落主题是“家庭通过微小的共享时刻建立联结”，前文提到“一起吃晚餐”这一简单方式，后文举例“每周散步、一起看喜欢的节目”。E选项中的“Anotherway”承接前文“somethingassimpleas...”，“fixedtimeforafamilyactivity”与后文“weeklywalk、regularmoments”直接呼应，体现“建立联结的多种方式”，符合语境。E选项“另一种方式是为家庭活动设定固定的时间”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据上文“Familyservesasthequietbaseofahappylife.(家庭是幸福生活的宁静基石)”可知，前文总结“家庭是幸福生活的安静基石”，后文“Allthesearewhatkeepfamiliesstrongandwarmforyears.(所有这些因素都能够让家庭长久地保持温馨与稳固)”中的“these”需指代前文内容。文章第二至四段分别论述了家庭的三个作用：支持孩子成长、传递传统和好习惯、共享时光建立联结。G选项中的“helpinggrowth,keepingtraditions,andsharingmoments”恰好概括了这三大核心，起到“总结前文、衔接后文”的作用。G选项“它通过促进成长、保持传统以及共享时光来实现这一目标”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从视频的输入、B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。SummersinArizonaareextremelyhot,withtemperaturesoftenover115degreesFahrenheit.Thepavementbecomesdangerouslyhot,makingita____21____timeforthehomeless.Oneday,JohnLintonwaswaitingatastoplightwhenhisattentionwascaughtbyabarefootman.Theman,David,wasunsteadily____22____thestreet.Withevery____23____,theburninggroundmadehimcryinpain.John’sheartsankashewatchedDavidquicklyruntoasmallpoolto____24____hisburningfeet.Withouthesitation,John____25____madeaU-turnandfoundDavidsittingbythepool.Johnintroducedhimselfandasked,“Youhaven’tanyshoes!CanI____26____?”Davidexplainedinaweakvoicethathehadbeen____27____fornearlytwoyearsandhisshoeshadwornout.JohnaskedDavidto____28____forhimwhilehedrovetoanearbystore.He____29____shortlywithanewpairofshoes,socks,shortsandashirt.Thankfully,Davidwasstillthere.After____30____intohisnewclothesandshoes,thetwosharedamealandawarmconversation.Whilemostpeoplefindthe____31____challengingforevenashorttime,enduringitwithoutshelterisunimaginable.John’ssimpleactof____32____showedDavidthathewasnot____33____.Thissmallgesture,whichtookonlyafewminutesandafewdollars,madealasting____34____toamanwhohadfeltforgotten.Davidfeltdeeply____35____forthisunexpectedencounter.21.A.busy B.lonely C.boring D.painful22.A.cleaning B.crossing C.filling D.blocking23.A.step B.breath C.sigh D.bite24.A.keep B.hurt C.cool D.hide25.A.generally B.confidently C.patiently D.immediately26.A.explain B.try C.help D.choose27.A.careless B.homeless C.useless D.harmless28.A.wait B.call C.pay D.search29.A.left B.rushed C.returned D.worked30.A.looking B.walking C.changing D.breaking31.A.test B.heat C.task D.activity32.A.curiosity B.honesty C.bravery D.kindness33.A.impossible B.invisible C.impolite D.inactive34.A.decision B.living C.difference D.promise35.A.grateful B.concerned C.interested D.proud【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.C27.B28.A29.C30.C31.B32.D33.B34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述亚利桑那州酷暑中，约翰·林顿偶遇赤脚忍受灼痛过马路的无家可归者大卫，主动为他购置衣物和鞋子，用微小善举温暖了被遗忘的人，带来深远影响的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：路面变得烫得危险，对无家可归者来说是段痛苦的时光。A.busy忙碌的；B.lonely孤独的；C.boring无聊的；D.painful痛苦的。根据前文“temperaturesoftenover115degreesFahrenheit”以及“pavementbecomesdangerouslyhot”可知，高温路面让无家可归者难以承受，这段时光是“痛苦的”。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个名叫大卫的男人正摇摇晃晃地过马路。A.cleaning打扫；B.crossing穿过；C.filling填满；D.blocking阻挡。根据前文“atastoplight”和后文“thestreet”可知，大卫正在“过马路”，符合路口场景逻辑。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，灼热的地面都让他痛苦地哭喊。A.step脚步；B.breath呼吸；C.sigh叹气；D.bite咬。根据后文“theburninggroundmadehimcryinpain”可知，与地面直接接触的是脚步，“每走一步”都带来灼痛，符合语境。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰看着大卫迅速跑到一个小水洼处给滚烫的脚降温，心里一沉。A.keep保持；B.hurt伤害；C.cool冷却、降温；D.hide隐藏。根据前文“burningfeet”和“asmallpool”可知，大卫跑到水洼处是为了给脚“降温”符合语境。故选C项。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：约翰毫不犹豫地立刻掉头，发现大卫正坐在水洼边。A.generally通常；B.confidently自信地；C.patiently耐心地；D.immediately立刻。根据前文“Withouthesitation”可知，约翰看到大卫的困境后“立刻”掉头，体现其助人的急切心情。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰做了自我介绍，然后问：“你没有鞋子！我能帮你吗？”A.explain解释；B.try尝试；C.help帮助；D.choose选择。根据后文“He________shortlywithanewpairofshoes,socks,shortsandashirt.”可知，约翰为大卫买衣物和鞋子，由此可知，此处指的是主动提出“帮助”。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大卫用微弱的声音解释说，他已经无家可归将近两年了，鞋子也已经穿破了。A.careless粗心的；B.homeless无家可归的；C.useless无用的；D.harmless无害的。根据前文“thehomeless”和后文“hisshoeshadwornout”可知，大卫是“无家可归的”。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰让大卫等他，自己开车去了附近的商店。A.wait等待；B.call呼叫；C.pay支付；D.search寻找。根据后文“whilehedrovetoanearbystore”和“Thankfully,Davidwasstillthere”可知，约翰让大卫“等”他回来，符合语境。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快带着一双新鞋、袜子、短裤和一件衬衫回来了。A.left离开；B.rushed匆忙；C.returned返回；D.worked工作。根据前文“whilehedrovetoanearbystore”和后文“withanewpairofshoes,socks,shortsandashirt.”可知，约翰购物后“返回”了原地。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：换上新衣服和新鞋子后，两人一起吃了饭，进行了一次温馨的交谈。A.looking看；B.walking走；C.changing更换；D.breaking打破。根据语境和后文“intohisnewclothesandshoes”可知，约翰给大卫买来新衣服和新鞋子回来，此处指大卫“换上”新衣物，“changeinto”意为“换上（衣物）”。故选C项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大多数人觉得这种高温即使短时间也难以忍受，但没有住所的情况下忍受它更是难以想象。A.test测试；B.heat高温；C.task任务；D.activity活动。根据前文“temperaturesoftenover115degreesFahrenheit”可知，此处指亚利桑那州的“高温”。故选B项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰简单的善举让大卫明白，他并不是被忽视的。A.curiosity好奇心；B.honesty诚实；C.bravery勇敢；D.kindness善良、善举。根据前文“He________shortlywithanewpairofshoes,socks,shortsandashirt.”以及“thetwosharedamealandawarmconversation.”可知，约翰为大卫买衣物、鞋子并共进晚餐，由此可知，这是一种“善举”。故选D项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰简单的善举让大卫明白，他并不是被忽视的。A.impossible不可能的；B.invisible被忽视的、隐形的；C.impolite不礼貌的；D.inactive不活跃的。根据后文“amanwhohadfeltforgotten”可知，大卫曾觉得自己被忽视，“invisible”此处引申为“被漠视的、无人关注的”。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个只花了几分钟和几美元的小小举动，对一个感到被遗忘的人产生了持久的影响。A.decision决定；B.living生活；C.difference影响、差异；D.promise承诺。根据前文“John’ssimpleactof________showedDavidthathewasnot________.”可知，约翰的善举改变了大卫的处境和心情，由此可知，此举产生了“持久的影响”，“makeadifference”意为“产生影响”。故选C项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大卫对这次意外的相遇感到深深的感激。A.grateful感激的；B.concerned关心的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.proud骄傲的。根据前文“Thissmallgesture,whichtookonlyafewminutesandafewdollars,madealasting________toamanwhohadfeltforgotten.”可知，约翰对大卫帮助对大卫产生很大的影响，由此可知，大卫对约翰应该充满“感激”符合语境。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aclassicsnackhasspecialfoodmemories.Wanne,known____36____“bowljelly”,isafamoustraditionalsnackinShanxiprovince,madefromhigh-qualitywheatflour.Makingwannefollowsauniquebutsimpleprocess.First,