2025-2026学年山东省菏泽市校联考高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’reinsearchofthebestcampingsitesIrelandhastooffer,you’velandedintherightplace.HerearefourbreathtakingcampsitesinIreland.EaglePointCampingThiscampingspotisperfectforfamilyholidays,offeringgreatfacilitiesandactivitiesnearby.Theparkprovidesspotsforcampersandtentswithfreehotshowersandtoiletfacilities.Thekidswilllovetheplayground,basketballcourtandbeachestokeepthementertained.ClifdenEcoBeachThisbeautifulcampingspotisperfectforabeachholiday.Youcanstayinoneoftheirtentsthatareequippedwithcomfortabledoublebeds.Otherwise,youcanbringyourowncampingequipmentandrentapitch(场地).Thereareadditionalchargesforusingthevariousavailablefacilities.WaveCrestCampingThefamily-runparkhasgreatfacilitiesforalltypesofcampingarrangements.Youcanbringyourtentandcamperandenjoyallthecampingfacilitiesfromthewashingtohotshowersandanonsitecafé.Forthekids,thereisagameroom,aTVroomandaplaygroundarea,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutkeepingthementertained.Openallyearround,thesurroundingareaoffersplentytodo,nomatterwhenyoudecidetovisit.KnockallaCaravan(大篷车)&CampingParkThefamily-runparkprovidestheusualpitchesfortentsandcampersandhasalltheidealcomfortsofagreatcaravanpark.Youcanusetheonsitefacilitiessuchastheindoorpool,tenniscourt,sharedkitchen,freeWi-Fiandshowerandtoiletblocks.1.Whichcampingsitechargesextraforitsfacilities?A.EaglePointCamping.B.ClifdenEcoBeach.C.WaveCrestCamping.D.KnockallaCaravan&CampingPark.2.WhatdoEaglePointCampingandWaveCrestCampinghaveincommon?A.Theyareopenallyearround.B.Theyofferfreeservicetovisitors.C.Theyareoperatedbyfamilies.D.Theyprovidespotsforkidstoplay.3.WhatcanpeopledoatKnockallaCaravan&CampingPark?A.Cookmeals.B.Playbasketball.C.Havefunonthesands.D.Relaxincomfortabledoublebeds.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱尔兰四个令人惊叹的露营地。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ClifdenEcoBeach部分中“Thereareadditionalchargesforusingthevariousavailablefacilities.(使用各种可用设施需额外收费。)”可知，ClifdenEcoBeach这个露营地使用设施要额外收费。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据EaglePointCamping部分中“Thekidswilllovetheplayground,basketballcourtandbeachestokeepthementertained.(孩子们会喜欢操场、篮球场和海滩，这些地方能让他们尽情玩耍。)”和WaveCrestCamping部分中“Forthekids,thereisagameroom,aTVroomandaplaygroundarea,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutkeepingthementertained.(对于孩子们来说，有一个游戏室、一个电视室和一个操场，所以你不必担心让他们玩得开心。)”可知，EaglePointCamping和WaveCrestCamping的共同点是它们都为孩子们提供了玩耍的地方。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据KnockallaCaravan(大篷车)&CampingPark部分中“Youcanusetheonsitefacilitiessuchastheindoorpool,tenniscourt,sharedkitchen,freeWi-Fiandshowerandtoiletblocks.(你可以使用现场设施，如室内游泳池、网球场、共享厨房、免费无线网络以及淋浴和厕所设施。)”可知，人们在KnockallaCaravan&CampingPark可以使用共享厨房做饭。故选A项。BEverymorningat5:30am,aquietmovementunfoldsonaKeralariverbank.Ledbyoneman,SajiValuvassery,thisfloatingclassroomisteachingpeopletoswim—forfree.Morethanaskill,it’salifeline,acommunityspirit,andapowerfulreminderthatcouragecanbecontagious(具有感染力的).OnaquietFebruarymorningin2009,aschoolpicnictothescenicspotnearthePeriyarRiverturnedintoadisaster.Aboatcarrying15kidsandtheirteacheroverturnedintheriver,leavingnosurvivors.ThedisastershookSajiValuvassery,ashopowner.Haunted(困扰)bythethoughtoftheyoungliveslost,hebeganofferingswimmingclassesintheveryriverthathadtakenthem,forfree.LittledidheknowthatthissimplegesturewouldturnthebanksofthePeriyarRiverintoaplacefilledwithlaughterandcommunitywarmth.Sajibeganbyteachinghisownkidstoswim,thentheirfriends,andthenafewkidsfromaroundtheneighbourhood.Wordspread.Morekidscame.Thenadults.Today,thatsmallefforthasbecomethe“ValasserilRiverSwimmingClub”.Over10,000peoplehavelearnedtoswimhere,and2,000childrenhavebeentrainedtoswimacross780metresoftheriver—allinonego.Theswimmingclasseshavealsogrownintoaspaceforsharingknowledgeandstories,whereeveryonewholearnsisencouragedtogiveback,keepingthespiritofcommunityflowingasconstantlyastheriveritself.“Onceanyonepassestheiradvancedswimminglevel,theyarerequiredtodo6daysoffreeservice,toensureothers’safety,”explainsSaji.TheValasserilRiverSwimmingClubteachespeoplefromNovembertoMay.Itpauses(暂停)duringthemonsoonseason(季风季节)andreopensinNovember,whentheriveriscalmandsafeagain.EveryNovember,whenitrestarts,volunteersreturnvoluntarily,ledbytheirsharedsenseofpurpose.Whenaskedwhatkeepspeoplecomingback,Sajisimplysays,“Peoplegotoplaceswheretheyfindhappiness.”4.WhydidSajistarttheswimmingclasses?A.Toconnectwithvolunteers.B.Toenrichcommunityactivities.C.Toprofitfromteachingswimming.D.Tostoppeoplefromdyinginwater.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowwiththefiguresinparagraph3?A.ThechallengefacingSaji’sswimmingclub.B.Saji’swideinfluenceonkidsinthecommunity.C.ThepopularityofswimmingnearthePeriyarRiver.D.Saji’sremarkableachievementinswimmingeducation.6.Whatwilladvancedswimmersneedtodoaftercompletingtheirtraining?A.Teachswimmingskillsforfree.B.Serveasashort-termsafetyguardian.C.Sharetheirstorieswithotherlearners.D.Volunteerduringthemonsoonseason.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSaji?A.Selflessandcaring.B.Courageousbutimpractical.C.Curiousbutimpatient.D.Braveandgenerous.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述印度喀拉拉邦的萨吉·瓦卢瓦塞里因一场河难悲痛不已，随后在佩里亚尔河畔开办免费游泳班，多年来帮助上万人学会游泳，传递社区互助精神的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Aboatcarrying15kidsandtheirteacheroverturnedintheriver,leavingnosurvivors.ThedisastershookSajiValuvassery,ashopowner.Haunted(困扰)bythethoughtoftheyoungliveslost,hebeganofferingswimmingclassesintheveryriverthathadtakenthem,forfree.(一艘载有15名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程。)”可知，萨吉开办游泳班的原因是不想再有人因溺水丧生。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over10,000peoplehavelearnedtoswimhere,and2,000childrenhavebeentrainedtoswimacross780metresoftheriver—allinonego.(已有超过1万人在这里学会了游泳，2000名儿童接受了训练，能够一次性游过780米的河流。)”可知，作者通过列举具体数字，突出萨吉的游泳教学取得了显著成就。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Onceanyonepassestheiradvancedswimminglevel,theyarerequiredtodo6daysoffreeservice,toensureothers’safety.(一旦有人通过高级游泳水平测试，他们需要提供6天的免费服务，以确保他人的安全。)”可知，高级游泳学习者完成训练后需要担任短期安全守护者，保障他人安全。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ledbyoneman,SajiValuvassery,thisfloatingclassroomisteachingpeopletoswim—forfree(在萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里的带领下，这个“水上课堂”正在免费教人们游泳)”可知，萨吉开办的游泳课堂全程免费教学，没有任何盈利目的，这一行为完全摒弃了个人利益考量，是无私精神的直接。根据第二段“OnaquietFebruarymorningin2009,aschoolpicnictothescenicspotnearthePeriyarRiverturnedintoadisaster.Aboatcarrying15kidsandtheirteacheroverturnedintheriver,leavingnosurvivors.ThedisastershookSajiValuvassery,ashopowner.Haunted(困扰)bythethoughtoftheyoungliveslost,hebeganofferingswimmingclassesintheveryriverthathadtakenthem,forfree.(一艘载有15名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程)”可知，萨吉因这场悲剧深感痛心，出于对他人生命安全的担忧，才决定开办游泳课，他的初衷就是为了避免类似的生命悲剧重演，这份对他人安危的牵挂充分展现了他的关怀之心。故选A项。CTheCityofRichmondHill,northofToronto,Ontario,doesnothavealocalhistorymuseumand,asaresult,lacksthesamerichheritageexperiencesthatmanysmallercommunitiesenjoy.Penetanguishene,atowninSimcoeCounty,Ontario,ontheotherhand,hasbecomeasuccessfulsmalltownbecauseithasaclearsenseoftheimportanceofitspast.AndthePenetanguisheneCentennialMuseumhasbecomeacenterformanyoftheeventsthatbringthetown’s8,500residentstogether.MostCanadiansareawareoftheroleoflargerprofessionalmuseumsinpreservingournationalheritage.Whatisexhibitedinthem,however,oftenseemsdistantfromourlives.Butinsmalltowns,localmuseumsholdthememorynotofournation,butofourtowns.Theypreservethepersonalhistoryoftheresidents,manyofwhomgiftedtheuniqueitemsthatareonexhibit.Whilefinancialsupportfromthegovernmenthelpstogetspecialexhibits,thereareothergroupsthatmakesmall-townmuseumssuccessfulacrossOntario.Ahugecontributionisalwaysmadebylocalfamilies.Inourcase,theC.BeckManufacturingCompany,operatingfrom1875to1969,hadasignificantimpactonthehistoryofthetown.TheBeckfamilyandcompanyplayedacentralroleinpreservingPenetanguishene’suniquehistorybygiftingtheirformergeneralstoreandofficeasourtown’sfirstmuseum.Besides,since1991,the“FriendsoftheMuseum”,avolunteerorganization,hasraisedhundredsofthousandsofdollarsforourmuseumandhelpedruncommunityeventseveryyear.Bysupportingsmall-townmuseumsasvolunteers,peoplehelptopreserveandpromotethepastinamorepersonalway.Itisthispersonaltouchthatmakesthemuseumagatheringplaceinthetown,andasymbolofitsuniquehistory.Andthevariousexhibitionsandconcertshostedbythemuseumhaveconstantlybreathednewlifeintoourtown.8.WhataccountsforRichmondHill’slackofheritageexperiences?A.Theabsenceofalocalhistorymuseum.B.Thegovernment’sinsufficientsupport.C.Theoverlyrapidexpansionofthecity.D.Thecity’spoorprotectionofoldobjects.9.Whatisthedifferencebetweensmalllocalmuseumsandbigones?A.Whotheyarefor.B.Howtheytellhistory.C.Howmanyitemstheyhold.D.Howexhibitsrelatetopeople’slives.10.WhyistheC.BeckManufacturingCompanymentionedinparagraph3?A.Toexplainthebirthofsmall-townmuseums.B.Tocallforpublicrecognitionofitscontributions.C.Toshowlocalmuseumscanhelppreservehistory.D.Toemphasizelocalfamilies’roleinsmall-townmuseums.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimpactofpersonaltouch.B.Significanceofvolunteers’support.C.Activitieshostedbythelocalmuseum.D.Fundsdonatedforrunningthemuseum.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍安大略省小镇佩塔圭申的百年博物馆对当地社区的意义，对比大城市里士满山缺乏地方历史博物馆的现状，阐述小型地方博物馆的独特价值及各方支持。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheCityofRichmondHill,northofToronto,Ontario,doesnothavealocalhistorymuseumand,asaresult,lacksthesamerichheritageexperiencesthatmanysmallercommunitiesenjoy.(安大略省多伦多市北部的里士满山市没有地方历史博物馆，因此，它缺少许多小型社区所拥有的那种丰富的遗产体验。)”可知，里士满山市缺乏遗产体验的原因是没有地方历史博物馆。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whatisexhibitedinthem(largerprofessionalmuseums),however,oftenseemsdistantfromourlives.Butinsmalltowns,localmuseumsholdthememorynotofournation,butofourtowns.Theypreservethepersonalhistoryoftheresidents...(然而，大型专业博物馆展出的内容往往似乎与我们的生活相距甚远。但在小镇上，地方博物馆承载的不是我们国家的记忆，而是我们小镇的记忆。它们保存着居民的个人历史……)”可知，大型博物馆的展品与人们生活距离较远，而小型地方博物馆的展品与居民个人历史相关，二者的区别在于展品与人们生活的关联程度。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whilefinancialsupportfromthegovernmenthelpstogetspecialexhibits,thereareothergroupsthatmakesmall-townmuseumssuccessfulacrossOntario.Ahugecontributionisalwaysmadebylocalfamilies.Inourcase,theC.BeckManufacturingCompany,operatingfrom1875to1969,hadasignificantimpactonthehistoryofthetown.TheBeckfamilyandcompanyplayedacentralroleinpreservingPenetanguishene’suniquehistorybygiftingtheirformergeneralstoreandofficeasourtown’sfirstmuseum.(尽管政府的财政支持有助于举办特别展览，但安大略省各地的小镇博物馆之所以能取得成功，还离不开其他团体的助力。当地家庭始终贡献卓著。就我们镇而言，1875年至1969年运营的C.贝克制造公司曾对小镇的历史产生过深远影响。贝克家族及公司通过捐赠其昔日的杂货店和办公室作为我镇的第一座博物馆，在保护佩塔圭申独特历史的过程中发挥了核心作用。)”可知，第三段先提出“当地家庭对小镇博物馆有巨大贡献”的观点，再以C.贝克制造公司为例佐证，因此提及该公司是为了强调当地家庭在小镇博物馆发展中的作用。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Besides,since1991,the“FriendsoftheMuseum”,avolunteerorganization,hasraisedhundredsofthousandsofdollarsforourmuseumandhelpedruncommunityeventseveryyear.Bysupportingsmall-townmuseumsasvolunteers,peoplehelptopreserveandpromotethepastinamorepersonalway.(此外，自1991年以来，志愿者组织“博物馆之友”已为我们的博物馆筹集了数十万美元，并每年帮助举办社区活动。通过以志愿者身份支持小镇博物馆，人们以更个人化的方式帮助保护和推广历史。)”可知，该段核心围绕志愿者组织“博物馆之友”的支持（筹款、举办活动）以及意义展开，强调志愿者支持的重要性。故选B项。DBananasgrowbestinfullsun.ToprotecttheirskinsfromharmfulUVrays,theirpeels(果皮)produceanaturalsunscreen(防晒霜).TaylorMaguire,astudentinNewYork,hasuncoveredthesecretsbehindthisnaturalprotection.Sunscreensprotectourskinagainstharmfulsolarrays.However,Taylornotessomeoftheirchemicalsmaycausecancer.Whenthesechemicalswashoffintotheenvironment,theycanharmwildlife—forinstance,certainmineral-basedsunscreensweakenfreshwateranimals’swimmingability.Inhighenoughconcentrations,sheadds,theycanevenkillsomeorganisms.ThisledTaylortosearchforalternativestomineral-basedsunscreens.BelievingthatbananashadtheirownnaturalUVprotection,Taylorprocessedbananapeelsbyheating,freezing,andmixingthemtogettwoextracts.Thefirstwasawater-basedextract,containingonlycomponentsthatcandissolve(溶解)inwater.Thesecondwasanonpolarextract,madeupofcomponentsthatcan’tdissolveinwater.Usingaspectrophotometer—adevicethatmeasureshowmuchlightaliquidtakesin—TaylorconfirmedthatbothextractstookinUVlight.Next,Taylorputplanarians,atypeofflatworm(扁形虫)livinginwater,intodifferentdishescontainingdifferentsolutionsandputthemunderstrongUVlightfor10minutes.Iftheworm’smovementslowedorstopped,shetookthattomeanthelightdamagedthem.Herfivetestsolutionsincludedhertwoextracts,adrugstoresunscreensolution,plainwaterandglycerol(甘油).Theresult?Thenonpolarbananaextract,theglycerolandthemineral-basedsunscreenappeareddeadlytotheworms,shefound.Butplanarianssurvivedjustfineinthewater-basedextract.Thenextstepistofigureoutexactlywhatchemicalprovidedthewater-basedextract’sUVprotection.Recognizingthat,shesays,couldallowforanewkindofeco-friendly,banana-basedsunscreen.12.WhatinspiredTaylortoseekalternativestomineral-basedsunscreens?A.Herskin’sresponsetomineral-basedsunscreens.B.Thenaturalsunscreenqualitiesofbananapeels.C.Hergoaltodevelopamoreaffordablesunscreen.D.Theecologicalandhealthimpactsofmineral-basedsunscreens.13.WhydidTayloruseplanariansinherexperiment?A.TocomparetheeffectivenessofdifferentUVprotectionsolutions.B.TomeasuretheuptakeofUVbybananaextracts.C.Tostudythebehaviorofanimalslivinginwater.D.Totestthepollutioncausedbybananaextracts.14.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutTaylor’swater-basedextract?A.Itisharmfultoplanarians.B.Itismorelastingthanothersolutions.C.Itislesseffectivethanthenonpolarextract.D.ItisapotentiallysafealternativeforUVprotection.15.WhatisthenextstepTaylorplanstotakeinherresearch?A.Totesttheextractsonothertypesofanimals.B.TofindoutthechemicalblockingUV.C.Totestbanana-basedsunscreenonhumanskin.D.Tocreateanewtypeofmineral-basedsunscreen.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.B【语篇解读】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约学生泰勒·马奎尔研究香蕉皮天然防晒成分的过程，旨在开发一种对环境和健康更友好的新型防晒产品。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“

However,Taylornotessomeoftheirchemicalsmaycausecancer.

Whenthesechemicalswashoffintotheenvironment,theycanharmwildlife—forinstance,certainmineral-basedsunscreensweakenfreshwateranimals’swimmingability.Inhighenoughconcentrations,sheadds,theycanevenkillsomeorganisms.(然而，Taylor指出其中一些化学物质可能致癌。当这些化学物质被冲入环境时，会危害野生动物——例如，某些矿物防晒霜会削弱淡水动物的游泳能力。她补充说，浓度足够高时，它们甚至能杀死一些生物。这促使Taylor寻找矿物防晒霜的替代品。)”可知，正是矿物防晒剂对健康的潜在致癌风险和对生态环境的破坏作用，促使泰勒开始寻找替代品。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“Next,Taylorputplanarians,atypeofflatworm(扁形虫)livinginwater,intodifferentdishescontainingdifferentsolutionsandputthemunderstrongUVlightfor10minutes.Iftheworm’smovementslowedorstopped,shetookthattomeanthelightdamagedthem.(接下来，泰勒将水生扁形虫（一种生活在水中的扁形虫）放入装有不同溶液的不同培养皿中，并将它们置于强紫外线灯下照射10分钟。如果虫子的活动速度减慢或停止，她就会认为这是紫外线对其造成了损害的迹象。)”可知，实验中使用扁形虫是为了通过涡虫的生存状态比较不同紫外线防护方案的效力。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Usingaspectrophotometer—adevicethatmeasureshowmuchlightaliquidtakesin—TaylorconfirmedthatbothextractstookinUVlight.(使用分光光度计——一种测量液体吸收光量的仪器——泰勒证实两种提取物都能吸收紫外线。)”可知，水基提取物能吸收紫外线。根据第五段的“Thenonpolarbananaextract,theglycerolandthemineral-basedsunscreenappeareddeadlytotheworms,shefound.Butplanarianssurvivedjustfineinthewater-basedextract.(她发现非极性香蕉提取物、甘油和矿物防晒剂对蠕虫都是致命的。但扁形虫在水基提取物中却存活得很好。)”可知，在相同紫外线照射条件下，水基提取物使扁形虫安然存活。这说明水基提取物是一种对生物安全且有效的潜在防晒替代品。故选D项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Thenextstepistofigureoutexactlywhatchemicalprovidedthewater-basedextract’sUVprotection.(下一步是弄清楚水基提取物中起紫外线防护作用的具体化学成分是什么。)”可知，泰勒明确计划的下一步是确定水基提取物中具体起防晒作用的化学成分。故选B项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeisfullofchallenges.Sometimes,thingsdon’tgothewayyouwant,andit’seasytofeeloverwhelmed(不知所措的).____16____Challengescanmakeyoustronger,wiserandmorepreparedforfuturedifficulties.Thenhowtostaypositiveduringdifficulttimes?Changeyouropinion.Oneofthemostpowerfulwaystostaypositiveduringdifficulttimesisbychanginghowyouviewyourproblems.It’seasytofocusonwhat’sgoingwrong.____17____Whenyouseeyourproblemsdifferently,theybecomesteppingstonesratherthanroadblocks.Insteadofthinking,“Thisisunfair”,tryasking,“HowcanIturnthisintoalearningexperience?”____18____Indifficulttimes,yourmindsoftengetstuckoneverythingthat’sgoingwrong.Gratitudehelpsyoufocusonwhat’sstillright.Itcanbeassimpleasappreciatingacupofcoffeeinthemorningorasmilefromafriend.Practicinggratitudeturnsyourattentionawayfromproblemsandremindsyouofthegoodthingsinlife,howeversmalltheymayseem.Surroundyourselfwithpositivity.____19____Ifyousurroundyourselfwithpeoplewholiftyouupandbelieveinyou,itbecomeseasiertostayhopeful.Butifyoursocialcircleisfullofnegativity,itcanpullyouback.Takecareofyourphysicalhealth.Stayingpositiveisn’tjustaboutthemind;it’salsoabouttakingcareofyourbody.Physicalhealthdirectlyaffectshowyoufeelemotionally.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducesendorphins(内啡肽)thatimproveyouremotion.____20____A.Begrateful.B.Focusonwhatyoucancontrol.C.Everychallengehassomethingpositivehiddeninsideit.D.Butdidyouknowthatthesetoughmomentscanhelpyougrow?E.Yourenvironmentmattersalotwhenitcomestostayingpositive.F.Evenashortdailywalkcanmakeahugedifferenceinhowyoufeel.G.Whatifyouturnyourattentiontothelessonshiddeninthosestruggles?【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.E20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何在困难时期保持积极心态的几种方法。【16题详析】前文“ Lifeisfullofchallenges.Sometimes,thingsdon’tgothewayyouwant,andit’seasytofeeloverwhelmed(不知所措的).(生活充满挑战。有时事情不会如你所愿，很容易感到不知所措。)”提到生活中充满挑战，容易让人感到不知所措，后文“ Challengescanmakeyoustronger,wiserandmorepreparedforfuturedifficulties.Thenhowtostaypositiveduringdifficulttimes?(挑战能让你更强大、更明智，并为未来的困难做好准备。那么如何在困境中保持积极？)”指出挑战能让人更坚强、更智慧。由此可知，空处应承接前文的负面情绪，并引出后文的积极意义。D项“但你是否知道这些艰难时刻能帮助你成长？”符合语境，既承接了前文的“不知所措”，又引出了后文的“成长”，故选D。【17题详析】前文“It’seasytofocusonwhat’sgoingwrong(人们容易专注于出错的事情。)”提到人们容易关注问题本身，后文“Whenyouseeyourproblemsdifferently,theybecomesteppingstonesratherthanroadblocks.Insteadofthinking,“Thisisunfair”,tryasking,“HowcanIturnthisintoalearningexperience?”(当你以不同视角看待问题时，它们会变成垫脚石而非绊脚石。与其想“这不公平”，不如问自己：“如何将其转化为一次学习经历？”)”强调换角度看待问题。由此可知，空处应提出一种转变视角的建议。G项“如果你将注意力转向这些困难中隐藏的教训呢？”符合语境，引导读者从“问题”转向“教训”，与后文的“steppingstones”呼应，故选G。【18题详析】后文“Gratitudehelpsyoufocusonwhat’sstillright(感恩能帮你关注仍存的美好。)”提到感恩的作用，且本段整体围绕“gratitude”展开。A项“心怀感激”直接点明主题，与后文内容完全一致，故选A。【19题详析】前文“Surroundyourselfwithpositivity(让自己身处积极的环境中。)”强调环境对积极心态的重要性，后文举例说明周围人的影响。E项“在保持积极心态方面，你的环境非常重要”是对前文的总结，同时引出后文的具体分析，故选E。【20题详析】前文“Stayingpositiveisn’tjustaboutthemind;it’salsoabouttakingcareofyourbody.Physicalhealthdirectlyaffectshowyoufeelemotionally.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducesendorphins(内啡肽)thatimproveyouremotion.(保持积极心态不仅关乎思想，也涉及照顾好自己的身体。身体健康会直接影响你的情绪感受。当你锻炼时，身体会分泌改善情绪的内啡肽。)”提到身体健康通过释放内啡肽改善情绪，后文需补充具体做法。F项“即使是每天短暂的散步也能对你的感受产生巨大影响”举例说明如何通过简单运动改善情绪，与“exercise”和“endorphins”直接相关，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theloudbarksstoppedmeinmytracks.IimmediatelyknewthatZacwas____21____.Zachadcometomeallskinandbonesatjustoverayearold.____22____byfivefamilies,hewasquietanddistrustful.Iguesshe____23____hewouldbeabandonedagain.Ittookamonthbeforehewagged(摆动)histail,butovertimehelearnedtoputhis____24____inme.Now,heshakeshiswholebodywith____25____.Iraninthedirectionofthe____26____,butdidn’tseehimuntilI____27____.Zacwasupatree,____28____dangerouslyonabranch.Therewasnoroomforhimto____29____,andhewasedgingbackwardstothetreetrunk,whichhecouldn’tevenseebehindhim.Hewas____30____brokenbones.Ineededhelp,andIneededitfast.Therefore,I____31____tothenearesthouse.However,hardlyhadIarrivedwhenIsawZacracingtowardme.____32____,heescapedunharmed,allfourlegsfunctioningas____33____,andwithnoopeninjuries.Iwillneverknowhowhegotdownfromthat____34____.ButIdoknowthatZachelpedmebuildfaiththatthereisalwaysanescaperoute.Evenwhenweimaginethe____35____,everythingwillbeokayintheend.21.A.introuble B.athand C.onpurpose D.forfun22.A.Rescued B.Selected C.Rejected D.Ignored23.A.meant B.thought C.hoped D.promised24.A.anger B.fear C.effort D.trust25.A.care B.joy C.pride D.patience26.A.whispers B.footsteps C.cries D.fights27.A.lookedup B.showedup C.steppedup D.gotup28.A.playing B.lying C.balancing D.jumping29.A.hide B.sit C.stand D.turn30.A.managing B.facing C.seeking D.bearing31.A.rushed B.slid C.drove D.walked32.A.Unexpectedly B.Naturally C.Interestingly D.Unknowingly33.A.possible B.normal C.unique D.necessary34.A.track B.car C.tree D.house35.A.most B.least C.best D.worst【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了曾被五个家庭拒绝、对人充满不信任的小狗Zac，在被作者收养后逐渐建立信任，一次意外被困树上最终安全脱险的故事。【21题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我立刻知道Zac有麻烦了。A.introuble处于麻烦中；B.athand在手边；C.onpurpose故意地；D.forfun为了好玩。根据前文“Theloudbarksstoppedmeinmytracks.”可知，Zac的叫声很响亮，结合后文描述的Zac爬到树上，在树枝上危险地保持平衡的场景，可推断Zac有麻烦了。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被五户人家拒绝，沉默寡言，不信任别人。A.Rescued营救；B.Selected挑选；C.Rejected拒绝；D.Ignored忽视。根据后文“hewasquietanddistrustful”可知，Zac沉默寡言，不信任别人，由此可推断它被之前的五户人家拒绝了。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想他以为自己会再次被抛弃。A.meant意味着；B.thought认为；C.hoped希望；D.promised承诺。根据前文描述的Zac被五户人家拒绝，以及后文“hewouldbeabandonedagain”可知，Zac有过被抛弃的经历，所以它可能认为自己会再次被抛弃。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：花了一个月的时间，它才摇起尾巴，但随着时间的推移，它学会了信任我。A.anger愤怒；B.fear恐惧；C.effort努力；D.trust信任。根据前文描述的Zac一开始沉默寡言，不信任别人，以及后文“Now,heshakeshiswholebodywith.”可知，Zac现在很欢快，由此可推断它逐渐信任了作者。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，它欢快地摇着整个身体。A.care关心；B.joy欢乐；C.pride骄傲；D.patience耐心。根据前文“Ittookamonthbeforehewagged(摆动)histail,butovertimehelearnedtoputhisinme.”可知，Zac逐渐信任了作者，所以它现在应该是很欢快的。故选B项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我朝着叫声的方向跑去，但直到抬头看时才看到它。A.whispers低语；B.footsteps脚步声；C.cries叫声；D.fights打架。根据前文“Theloudbarksstoppedmeinmytracks.”可知，作者是听到Zac的叫声才停下脚步的，所以此处应该是朝着叫声的方向跑去。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我朝着叫声的方向跑去，但直到抬头看时才看到它。A.lookedup抬头看；B.showedup出现；C.steppedup走上前；D.gotup起床。根据后文“Zacwasupatree”可知，Zac在树上，所以作者需要抬头看才能看到它。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Zac在树上，在树枝上危险地保持平衡。A.playing玩；B.lying躺；C.balancing平衡；D.jumping跳。根据后文“Therewasnoroomforhimto,andhewasedgingbackwardstothetreetrunk,whichhecouldn'tevenseebehindhim.”可知，Zac在树枝上没有转身的空间，只能向后退到树干处，由此可推断它在树枝上保持平衡。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它没有转身的空间，只能向后退到树干处，而它甚至看不到身后的树干。A.hide隐藏；B.sit坐；C.stand站；D.turn转身。根据后文“hewasedgingbackwardstothetreetrunk”可知，Zac向后退到树干处，由此可推断它没有转身的空间。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它面临着骨折的危险。A.managing设法做到；B.facing面对；C.seeking寻找；D.bearing忍受。根据前文“Zacwasupatree,

dangerouslyonabranch.

”可知Zac在树枝上危险地保持平衡的场景，可推断它面临着骨折的危险。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我冲到最近的房子。A.rushed冲；B.slid滑；C.drove驾驶；D.walked走。根据前文“Ineededhelp,andIneededitfast.”可知，作者需要快速得到帮助，所以应该是冲到最近的房子去寻求帮助。故选A项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，它毫发无损地逃脱了，四条腿功能正常，没有开放性伤口。A.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B.Naturally自然地；C.Interestingly有趣地；D.Unknowingly不知不觉地。根据后文“heescapedunharmed,allfourlegsfunctioningas,andwithnoopeninjuries.”可知，Zac毫发无损地逃脱了，这是出乎意料的。故选A项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，它毫发无损地逃脱了，四条腿功能正常，没有开放性伤口。A.possible可能的；B.normal正常的；C.unique独特的；D.necessary必要的。根据前文“heescapedunharmed”可知，Zac毫发无损地逃脱了，所以它的四条腿功能应该是正常的。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不知道它是怎么从那棵树上下来的。A.track轨道；B.car汽车；C.tree树；D.house房子。根据前文“Zacwasupatree”可知，Zac在树上，所以此处应该是指从树上下来。故选C项。【35题详析】考查形容词最高级辨析。句意：即使我们想象最糟糕的情况，最终一切都会好起来的。A.most最多的；B.least最少的；C.best最好的；D.worst最糟糕的。根据前文描述的Zac在树上危险地保持平衡，面临骨折的危险，但最终却毫发无损地逃脱了的场景，可推断作者想表达的是即使在最糟糕的情况下，一切最终也会好起来的。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Volunteeringcanappearsimple,butitturnsoutthatpersonalityplaysarole.Twopeoplemayjoin____36____samecommunityprogram,yetonlyonestayscommittedformonths.Afterreviewingnearly90,000participantsacross29internationalstudies,researchersidentified____37____(notice)linksbetweencertainpersonalitytraitsandaperson’swillingnesstodocharitableworkorgivemoney.Theirnewfindingsshowthatthemoreoutgoingandconfidentapersonis,themorelikelytheyare____38____(help).Theynoticedindividuals____39____aremoretrustingandthoughtfulofothersaremorewillingtosupportcharitieswithmonetarygifts.Thosewithhighopennesssometimesseeknewexperiences,sotheymight____40____(draw)tonovelvolunteeringopportunities.However,thosewhoscorehigherinconscientiousness(尽责)sometimesshowvaryingbehavior,which____41____(indicate)thatbeingorganizedanddutifuldoesn’t____42____(necessary)leadtomorevolunteerhoursorlargerdonations.Nosingletraitcanfullypredicthowsomeonechoosestohelp.Thesefindingscouldhelpdevelopmoretargetedstra