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期中语法复习与练习人教版七年级上册词类名词Noun(n.)

。冠词Article(art.)用于名词前,

。a,an,the代词Pronoun

。we,her,that,what形容词Adjective(adj.)用于

excited,amazing数词Numeral(num.)

nine,thirteen,first,twentieth动词Verb(v.)

be(am,is,are),play,think,have副词Adverb(adv.)

not,too,there,usually介词Preposition(prep.)

in,on,at,of连词Conjunction(conj.)用于

and,but,because,when感叹词Interjection(interj.)表示

well,hello,oh,hey

四、语法精讲表示人或事物的名称帮助限定名词所指的人或事物用于代替名词以及起名词作用的短(pron.)语、分句或句子等修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征表示数量或顺序表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系连接单词、短语或句子说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感表示动作或状态用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词1.and①和(肯定句)

②然后

③并且2.or或者3.but但是4.however然而5.so所以;

因此because因为1.Ilikemilk

juice.2.Therearenobuses,

youhavetowalk.3.Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain,

Samgotothetop.4.Wouldyouliketea

water?5.Ilikeswimming,

mybrotherlikesplayingbasketball.6.Studyhard,

youwillmakegreatprogress.andsobutorbutand1.and①和(肯定句)②然后③并且2.or或者3.but但是4.however然而5.so所以;因此ason一个儿子son儿子herson她的儿子funnyson搞笑的儿子onefunnyson一个搞笑的儿子

isafunnyson.是一个搞笑的儿子averyfunnyson.是一个非常搞笑的儿子Heisathouse.他是在家。Heisfunnyandclever.他是有趣的和聪明的。Well,Heisfunny

andclever.嗯他是有趣的和聪明的。二、名词(Nouns)名词是指人或事物的名称。1.名词的种类名词可分为专有名词和普通名词两类。专有名词是特定的人、事件、机构、地点等专有的名称,如Peter、January.Singapore。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。2.名词的可数性名词按其可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数形式,如eightrabbits、sometrees。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,如milk,bread、yogurt。可数名词复数单数one,a/an/the(再次出现)+名词is/动词三单,does/goes/has复数一般词尾加s,二般词尾:s,x,ch,sh后加“es”,三般词尾:辅音+y变“ies”,特殊四:变化特殊记不可数名词are/动词原形,do,have,go名词后无变化is/动词三单,does/goes/haschild孩子→childrengoose鹅→geesefoot脚→feettomato/potato→tomatoes/potatoes单复数一样:中国人(Chinese)的鱼(fish)羊(sheep),日本人(Japanese)的鹿(deer)男人(man→men)女人(woman→woman)a变e一、写出下列单词的复数形式

1.apple——

2.foot——

3.glass——

4.tomato——

5.box——

8.man——

9.woman

10.leaf——

11.pencil——

12.day——

13.watch——

15.child——

16.dress——

17.monkey——

18.photo——

19.month——

applesmenchildrenfeetwomendressesglassesleavesmonkeystomatoespencilsphotosdaysmonthsboxeswatches1.There

are

5

(bus)on

the

road.2.Would

you

like

some

(potato)

?3.

Howmany

(radio)can

you

see?4.

Ihavetwo

(pencil

box).5.There

are

some

(sheep)in

the

garden.busespotatoesradiospencilboxssheep名词所有格,人和动物类,撇’后加s,相当汉语“的”,有s只加撇’,时间、距离等也变所有格,无生命用of表所属。1.Some

(student)thingsareintheLostandFoundbox.2.What’syour

(father)favoritesport?3.Thescarfmustbeoneofthose

(lady).Theytalkedherejustnow.4.Ms.Xieismy

(classmate)favoriteteacher.Theyloveherverymuch.5.My

photosareinhisroom.(father)6.Her

(brother)birthdayisinNovember.7.—Whereisthejacket?—It’sinmy

room.(grandparents)8.P.E.is

(Tom)favoritesubject.students’father’sladies’classmates’father’sbrother’sgrandparents’Tom’s三、冠词(Articles)冠词是置于名词之前,限定名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词不能离开名词单独使用。冠词分为定冠词(the)、不定冠词(a/an)和零冠词。1.定冠词定冠词的基本概念是“特指”,即以说话人和听话人已知的人或事物为前提,可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词一起使用。例如:“Whereisthelibrary?""Theglassesareonherdad'snose.""Themilkisonthetable."。2.不定冠词不定冠词的基本概念是“非特指”,即用以指某类人或物中的任何一个或某一个。其中an放在以元音开头的名词前面,如aneraser。不定冠词只能与单数可数名词一起使用,其基本含义有“该类中的一例”“只有一个"“每一个”等。例如:"Thaveapetdog.""SometimesIplaybasketballoranhour.""Wehavethreelessonsaday"3.零冠词零冠词指名词前不加冠词的情况。例如:"MyfavouritesubjecsEnglish”"Binbinisgoodwithnumbers.""I'stimeformetogotobed."。有的语法书并不把零冠词列为冠词中的一种。play+球类/棋类/游戏(basketball/chess/game)play+the+乐器pianoa在辅音前,an在元音头;定冠词the常强调,特指事物少不了选词填空

(10*10=100)1.

earthgoesaroundthesun.2.Icanplay

guitarwell.3.Tomwatched

interestingmovieyesterday.4.Jerryissuch

honestboy.5.Ihaveaphysicsbook.

bookisonthedesk.6.

girlinblueismybestfriend.7.Thereis

catunderthechair.8.Theyoftenplay

footballafterschool.9.Thisisanoldbook.Butitis

usefulbook.10.Ittakeme

hourtofinishmyhomework.

The

the

an

an

The

The

a

/aan人称代词分2格,主格、宾格来分说,主格用在动词前做主语,动词、介词后用宾格,人称代词都有数,单数、复数莫用错am/V原are/V原is/V单is/V单is/V单are/V原are/V原are/V原名词:mine我的东西名词:ours我们的东西名词:yours你的东西名词:yours你们的东西名词;his他的东西名词:hers她的东西名词;its它的东西名词:theirs他们的东西形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性性物主代词(后无名词)

数人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第

称单数

复数

称单数

I

复数

单数

复数

Imemymineweusouryouyouyouryoursoursyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititstheythemtheirtheirsits基变序(第...),有规律,一、二、三特殊记,末尾t、d、d,其它“th’加后面,”th’里有例外,你需格外记明白,八减t,九去e,f要把ve替,ty要变tie,末尾th莫忘记21-99(非整十):十位与个位之间加“-”三位数:在百位与十位或个位之间加“and”13-19+teen20-90整十

+ty1-1213-1920-90其它1

13

20

一百2

14

30

3

15

40

一千4

16

50

5

17

60

百万6

18

70

7

19

80

十亿8

90

9

21-99(非整十):三位数:

10

11

21

108

12

35

225

hundredonetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen十位与个位之间加“-”twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightytwenty-one在百位与十位或个位之间加“and”thirty-fiveonehundredandeighttwohundredandtwenty-fiveninetythousandmillionbillion一、写出下列基数词的序数词

one

five

nine

two

twelve

fifty

three

eight

thirty-two二、根据句意及所给单词提示完成下列句子1.

February

isthe

(two)month

ofa

year.2.

Tomorrow

isher

(twenty)birthday.3.

There

are

month

in

a

year.The

month

is

December.(twelve)4.

Susan

is

the

(three)tall

girl

in

her

class.5.

My

motherwillbe

forty

years

old

nextweek.

I’mplanning

to

buy

a

gift

for

her

birthday.

(forty)firstsecondthirdfifthtwelftheighthninthfiftieththirty-secondsecondtwentiethtwelvetwelfththirdfortieth六、动词(Verbs)动词表示动作或状态。动词的人称和数一般必须与主语的人称和数一致。动词是词类中最复杂的一种,不同语法书的动词分类有所不同。此处简要介绍系动词、实义动词、助动词和情态动词(modalwerb)。1.系动词系动词是连接主语和表语的动词,不能独立作谓语,必须与其后的表语一起构成谓语。常见的系动词有be(am,is,are),look,get,turn等。例如:Iam12yearsold.Mathsisveryusefulinourlife.Theyarecarrotplants.Youlookhappytoday.Thedaygetslongerinsummer.Treesturngreeninspring2.实义动词实义动词意文完全,能独立作谓语。例如:Iplaytenniswithmyfriendsafterschool.Myfatherlikesfishingrot.Whattimedoyouusuallygetup?3.助动词助动词本身无词汇意义或意文不完全,不能独立作谓语,它们只能和实义动词一起构成各种时态,语态,语气,以及否定和疑问结构。常见的助动词有be,do,have,will等。例如Doyouwanttobemyfriend?Idon'thaveabrother.WheredoesPeterspendmostofhistimeatschool?4.情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语。常见的情态动词有can,may、could,must,haveto,should,would等,其后动词使用原形。情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,它的否定式一般是在其后加not构成,在一般疑问句中通意将其提到句首。例如:ShecanspeakalittleFrench.Hecan’tswim.Canyoucometomyparty?MayIhaveyourname?主语+系动词(am/is/are)+表语主语+实义动词主语+助动词+动词+...主语+情态动词(not)+动词原形+...一、找出下列句子里的动词,

并说明动词的类型1.Myparentsbuymeaniceschoolbag.动词:

类型:

2.Theyareveryangrythen.动词:

类型:

3.Idon’tlikepinkatall.动词①:

类型:

动词②:

类型:

buy实义动词are

连系动词do助动词like实义动词改写句子1.They

are

from

Canada.(改为否定句)2.

Bob

have

funtoday.

(改为疑问句)Theyarenot

from

Canada.DoesBobhavefuntoday?1.肯定句:主语+can+动词原形+其他.2.否定句:主语+can’t+动词原形+其他.3.一般疑问句:Can+主语+动词原形+其他?肯定答语:Yes./Yes,主语+can.否定答语:No./No,主语+can’t.4.特殊疑问句:疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?一、选择题(

)1.

youswim?--____,Ican.

A.Can,No

B.Do

Not

C.Can,Yes

(

)2.CanAmy___?

A.swim

B.toswim

C.swims(

)3.___she

playchess?-No,she____.

A.Can;can’t

B.does,can

C.Can,can

二、完成句子。1.Tom

canplayvolleyball.(对划线部分提问)_____

____Tom___?2.Theboyscanplaysoccer.(变为一般疑问句)

_____theboys____soccer?3.Mysister

cansingEnglishsongs.(对划线部分提问)

____

____singEnglishsongs?4.Thegirlplaystheguitarwell.(用can改写否定句子)

Thegirl____

____theguitarwell.5.你能帮助孩子们游泳吗?__

_youhelpkids_____

______?6.Nobody___________(会唱歌)here.7.Canheplaytennis?(作否定回答)

_____,he________.8.Shecanpaint.(变否定句)

She____paint.9.HecansingaJapanesesong.(对划线部分提问)

____

____he_____?10.你能干什么?

_____canyou___?CAACanplayvolleyballCanplayCanyoursistercan’tplayCantoswimcansingNocan’tcan’tWhatcandoWhatdo二、单项选择(

)

1.

--David,

isyour

mother’s

birthday

November?

--Yes,

it’s

November

3rd.A.

in;

on

B.

of;

in

C.

on;

at

D.

for;

on

(

)

2.

Lucy

was

born

a

summer

evening

June,

2000.A.

in;

in

B.

in;

at

C.

on;

at

D.

on;

in

(

)

3.

Tom

usually

gets

up

6:30.A.

in

B.

on

C.

at

D./(

)

4.Wewill

hold

an

art

festival

next

Tuesday.A.

in

B.

on

C.

at

D./一、用“in/on/at”或“/”1.

autumn

7.

9:452.

November

8.

March

7th3.

Thursday

9.

Saturday

evening4.

last

Friday

12.

noon5.

night

13.

spring6.

the

morning

14.

ten

o'clock

in

in

0n/atinatononininatADC/一、用恰当的介词或“/”填空1.

Iwill

arrive

Beijing

tomorrow.2.

Hainan

is

the

south

ofChina.3.There

is

abook

(在……上)the

table.4.

There

is

a

clock

the

wall.6.

Go

(穿过)the

street,

andyou

will

find

the

park.7.

She

made

money

selling

flowers.8.Amy

is

sitting

(在……之间)Linda

and

Judy.9.

Ourteacherusually

stands

(在……前面)our

classroom.10.

I

wrote

the

letter

this

bluepen.11.There

are

manybirds

singing

(在树上)the

tree.12.What’sthis

English?13.

Japan

is

the

east

ofChina.14.

To

arrive

the

airport

on

time,

he

took

a

taxi..15.There

is

abigtree

(在……前面)my

house.ininononacrossbybetweeninfrontofwithinintoatinfrontof八、一般现在时(SimplePresentTense)1.一般现在时的意义一般现在时可以表示现在的状态。例如:Wherearethetwinsfrom?Shedoesn’thaveabrother.一般现在时还可以表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作。例如:Myschoolbeginsat9:00.Ioftenlistentomusicontheway.一般现在时也可以表示主语具备的性格和能力等。例如:Colin’sfatherworkshard.Ilikeallmyclasses,butmyfavouriteismaths.2.一般现在时的构成此处重点介绍系动词be和实义动词在一般现在时中的基本用法,其相关构成与变化主语+am/is/are+表语主语+实义动词+...amnot我是你是他/她/它是我们/你们/他们是那是什么是谁是谁们是哪里是我不是你不是他/她/它不是我们/你们/他们不是1Thesegirls

(be)herdaughters.2.Freshwater

(be)moreimportantthananythingelse.3.DavidandI

inClassFour,GradeEight.(be)4.I

aboy.5.Inmyroom,mybooksandmycomputer

(be)onthedesk.6.This

(是)anapple.7.There

(be)somefoodleftonthetable.Weshouldeatitup.8.Thecolorofthepictures

(be)black.9.Thepairofsocks

(be)red.10.

theseyourpictures?No,

.(用be的适当形式填空。)areisareamareisisisisAretheyaren’t肯定:主语+实义动词+...否定:主语+do/doesnot+实义动词+...疑问:Do/Does+主语+实义动词+...?Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.不规则变化have-has有go-goes去

do-does做play-plays玩say-says说buy-buys买enjoy-enjoys享受动词三单要牢记:一般现在时,主语为单数、不可数、第三人,动词后面“加s”;如遇s,,x,sh,ch,“es”往后加,遇到词尾辅+y,记得要把y变ies。

写下列动词的三单形式1.

do

3.

teach

2.play

4.

carry

5.have

6.

fix

does

teachesplayscarrieshasfixes根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空1.

(do)Amy

(like)takingphotos?2.Mikeoften

(watch)TVintheevening.3.Eric

(sing)intheclassroom.4.Alice

(arrive)inBeijingtoday.5.Sam’sgrandpausually

(have)breakfastontime.6.They

(swim)inthepool.7.He

(have)aredpen.8Hermotheralways

(hope)thatshecangetgoodgrades.Doeslikewatchessingsarriveshasswimshashopes1.Myfather________(listen)totheradioeveryday.2.Mike________(study)inamiddleschool.3.She_______(take)herdogforawalkeverynight.4.He________(wash)clotheswithhishands.5.Rabbits_______(eat)grassandcarrots.6.Mariaoften_______(help)mewithmymath.7.—________(do)yourbrother________(like)playingfootball?—No,he_________.listensstudiestakeswasheseatshelpsDoeslikedoesn’t二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Mybrother___________(nothave)shorthair.2.We__________(notplay)ping-pongeveryweek.3.Myfather______________(notspend)alotoftimefishing.4.[Do/Does]

TinagoswimmingonSunday?No,she

goswimmingonSunday.5.[Do/Does]

sheplayfootball?

Yes,she

[do/does].6.[Do/Does]

wehaveagoodteacher?

Yes,we

[do/does].

doesn’thave

don’tplaydoesn’tspendDoesDoesdoesDododoesn't肯定句:主语+谓语(实义动词/系动词(am,is,are)否定句:主语+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+not(不/没)

主语+no不/never从不+...some(肯定句)→否定句:anyand(肯定句)→否定句:or中文语序:主语+(时间+方式+地点)谓语+宾语

今天

一个人

在家

饭英文语序:主语+谓+宾语/表语(+方式+地点+时间)

做/是

什么

怎么做

何地

何时

Ihavedinneraloneathomeintheafternoon.2.疑问句(1)一般疑问句一般疑问句是用提问的方式提供一些信息,要求对方用yes或no回答的一种疑问句。答语中通常重复问句里的系动词be、助动词或情态动词,完全否定时口语中通常使用缩略形式(如

aren’t、doesn’t、can’t)。例如:A:Isthisyourbrother?B:Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.A:Dotheyhaveapetdog?B:Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.A:Doesshelikemaths?B:Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.A:Canyouhelpmewiththissubject?B:Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.一般疑问句的回答有时可以省去yes或no,或者补充更多信息。例如:A:CanIlearntoplayweiqi?B:Sure,youcan.A:Doyouwanttojoinaclub?B:Yes,Iwanttojointhemusicclub.系动词be(Am/Is/Are“是”)/助动词(do/does)/情态动词(Can“能”)+...?Yes,主语+am/is/are/do/does/can.No,主语+am/is/are/do/does/cannot.(2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开始的以寻求信息为目的的疑问句。常见的特殊疑问词包括what(什么)、who(谁)、whose(谁的)、where(在哪里)、when(何时)、why(为什么)、how(如何)等。例如:A:What’syourname?B:MynameisPeterBrown.A:Who’sshe?B:She’smysister,Helen.A:Whosepianoisthat?B:It’smymother’s.whatcolour什么颜色whattime 什么时间howmuch多少钱;数量howmany多少howlong多久howold 多大年纪Whatdoyouthinkof...?你认为...怎么样?Howdoyoulike...?你认为...怎么样?what’s=whatis是什么who’s=whois是谁where’s=whereis是在哪里

①特殊疑问词(组)+谓语动词+其他?②特殊疑问词(组)+助动词/情态动词+主语+实义动词(+其他)?therebe句式1.Ourschoolhasmanysciencebooks.(同义句转换)

manysciencebooksinourschool.2.

apenandtwobooksonthedesk/Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.3.

在照片中有四个女孩和三个男孩。

fourgirlsandthre

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